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<refentry xml:id="function.parse-url" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
 <refnamediv>
  <refname>parse_url</refname>
  <refpurpose>Parse a URL and return its components</refpurpose>
 </refnamediv>

 <refsect1 role="description">
  &reftitle.description;
  <methodsynopsis>
   <type>mixed</type><methodname>parse_url</methodname>
   <methodparam><type>string</type><parameter>url</parameter></methodparam>
   <methodparam choice="opt"><type>int</type><parameter>component</parameter><initializer>-1</initializer></methodparam>
  </methodsynopsis>
  <para>
   This function parses a URL and returns an associative array containing any
   of the various components of the URL that are present.
  </para>
  <para>
   This function is <emphasis role="strong">not</emphasis> meant to validate
   the given URL, it only breaks it up into the above listed parts. Partial
   URLs are also accepted, <function>parse_url</function> tries its best to
   parse them correctly.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="parameters">
  &reftitle.parameters;
  <para>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>url</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       The URL to parse. Invalid characters are replaced by
       <literal>_</literal>.
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
   <variablelist>
    <varlistentry>
     <term><parameter>component</parameter></term>
     <listitem>
      <para>
       Specify one of <constant>PHP_URL_SCHEME</constant>,
       <constant>PHP_URL_HOST</constant>, <constant>PHP_URL_PORT</constant>,
       <constant>PHP_URL_USER</constant>, <constant>PHP_URL_PASS</constant>,
       <constant>PHP_URL_PATH</constant>, <constant>PHP_URL_QUERY</constant>
       or <constant>PHP_URL_FRAGMENT</constant> to retrieve just a specific
       URL component as a <type>string</type> (except when
       <constant>PHP_URL_PORT</constant> is given, in which case the return
       value will be an <type>integer</type>).
      </para>
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
   </variablelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="returnvalues">
  &reftitle.returnvalues;
  <para>
   On seriously malformed URLs, <function>parse_url</function> may return
   &false;.
  </para>
  <para>
   If the <parameter>component</parameter> parameter is omitted, an
   associative <type>array</type> is returned. At least one element will be
   present within the array. Potential keys within this array are:
   <itemizedlist>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">scheme</varname> - e.g. http
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">host</varname> 
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">port</varname>
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">user</varname>
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">pass</varname>
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">path</varname>
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">query</varname> - after the question mark <literal>?</literal>
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
    <listitem>
     <simpara>
      <varname remap="structfield">fragment</varname> - after the hashmark <literal>#</literal>
     </simpara>
    </listitem>
   </itemizedlist>
  </para>
  <para>
   If the <parameter>component</parameter> parameter is specified,
   <function>parse_url</function> returns a <type>string</type> (or an
   <type>integer</type>, in the case of <constant>PHP_URL_PORT</constant>)
   instead of an <type>array</type>. If the requested component doesn't exist
   within the given URL, &null; will be returned.
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="changelog">
  &reftitle.changelog;
  <para>
   <informaltable>
    <tgroup cols="2">
     <thead>
      <row>
       <entry>&Version;</entry>
       <entry>&Description;</entry>
      </row>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
      <row>
       <entry>5.4.7</entry>
       <entry>
        Fixed <emphasis>host</emphasis> recognition when <emphasis>scheme</emphasis>
        is omitted and a leading component separator is present.
       </entry>
      </row>
      <row>
       <entry>5.3.3</entry>
       <entry>
        Removed the <constant>E_WARNING</constant> that was emitted when URL
        parsing failed.
       </entry>
      </row>
      <row>
       <entry>5.1.2</entry>
       <entry>Added the <parameter>component</parameter> parameter.</entry>
      </row>
     </tbody>
    </tgroup>
   </informaltable>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="examples">
  &reftitle.examples;
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>A <function>parse_url</function> example</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$url = 'http://username:password@hostname/path?arg=value#anchor';

print_r(parse_url($url));

echo parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PATH);
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
Array
(
    [scheme] => http
    [host] => hostname
    [user] => username
    [pass] => password
    [path] => /path
    [query] => arg=value
    [fragment] => anchor
)
/path
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
  <para>
   <example>
    <title>A <function>parse_url</function> example with missing scheme</title>
    <programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$url = '//www.example.com/path?googleguy=googley';

// Prior to 5.4.7 this would show the path as "//www.example.com/path"
var_dump(parse_url($url));
?>
]]>
    </programlisting>
    &example.outputs;
    <screen>
<![CDATA[
array(3) {
  ["host"]=>
  string(15) "www.example.com"
  ["path"]=>
  string(5) "/path"
  ["query"]=>
  string(17) "googleguy=googley"
}
]]>
    </screen>
   </example>
  </para>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="notes">
  &reftitle.notes;
  <note>
   <para>
    This function doesn't work with relative URLs.
   </para>
  </note>
  <note>
   <para>
    This function is intended specifically for the purpose of parsing URLs
    and not URIs. However, to comply with PHP's backwards compatibility
    requirements it makes an exception for the file:// scheme where triple
    slashes (file:///...) are allowed. For any other scheme this is invalid.
   </para>
  </note>
 </refsect1>

 <refsect1 role="seealso">
  &reftitle.seealso;
  <para>
   <simplelist>
    <member><function>pathinfo</function></member>
    <member><function>parse_str</function></member>
    <member><function>http_build_query</function></member>
    <member><function>http_build_url</function></member>
    <member><function>dirname</function></member>
    <member><function>basename</function></member>
    <member><link xlink:href="&url.rfc;3986">RFC 3986</link></member>
   </simplelist>
  </para>
 </refsect1>
</refentry>

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