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<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>exec</TITLE
><META
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><A
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>exec</A
></H1
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><A
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></A
><P
> (PHP3 , PHP4 )</P
>exec -- Execute an external program</DIV
><DIV
CLASS="refsect1"
><A
NAME="AEN32041"
></A
><H2
>Description</H2
><DIV
CLASS="funcsynopsis"
><A
NAME="AEN32043"
></A
><P
></P
><P
><CODE
><CODE
CLASS="FUNCDEF"
>string <B
CLASS="function"
>exec</B
></CODE
> (string command [, string
array [, int
return_var]])</CODE
></P
><P
></P
></DIV
><P
> <B
CLASS="function"
>exec()</B
> executes the given
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>command</I
></TT
>, however it does not output
anything. It simply returns the last line from the result of the
command. If you need to execute a command and have all the data
from the command passed directly back without any interference,
use the <B
CLASS="function"
>PassThru()</B
> function.
</P
><P
> If the <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>array</I
></TT
> argument is present, then the
specified array will be filled with every line of output from the
command. Note that if the array already contains some elements,
<B
CLASS="function"
>exec()</B
> will append to the end of the array.
If you do not want the function to append elements, call
<A
HREF="function.unset.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>unset()</B
></A
> on the array before passing it to
<B
CLASS="function"
>exec()</B
>.
</P
><P
> If the <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>return_var</I
></TT
> argument is present
along with the <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>array</I
></TT
> argument, then the
return status of the executed command will be written to this
variable.
</P
><P
> Note that if you are going to allow data coming from user input
to be passed to this function, then you should be using
<B
CLASS="function"
>EscapeShellCmd()</B
> to make sure that users
cannot trick the system into executing arbitrary commands.
</P
><P
> Note also that if you start a program using this function and
want to leave it running in the background, you have to make
sure that the output of that program is redirected to a file or
some other output stream or else PHP will hang until the
execution of the program ends.
</P
><P
> See also <A
HREF="function.system.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>system()</B
></A
>,
<B
CLASS="function"
>PassThru()</B
>, <A
HREF="function.popen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>popen()</B
></A
>,
<B
CLASS="function"
>EscapeShellCmd()</B
>, and the <A
HREF="language.operators.execution.html"
>backtick operator</A
>.
</P
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