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<HTML
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>Socket functions</TITLE
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><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="title"
>LXIV. Socket functions</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN35874"
></A
><P
>&#13;    The socket extension implements a low-level interface to the
    socket communication functions, providing the possibility to act
    as a socket server as well as a client.
   </P
><P
>&#13;    The socket functions described here are part of an extension to
    PHP which must be enabled at compile time by giving the <TT
CLASS="option"
>--enable-sockets</TT
> option to
    <B
CLASS="command"
>configure</B
>.
   </P
><P
>&#13;    For a more generic client-side socket interface, see
    <A
HREF="function.fsockopen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>fsockopen()</B
></A
> and
    <A
HREF="function.pfsockopen.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>pfsockopen()</B
></A
>.
   </P
><P
>&#13;    When using these functions, it is important to remember that while
    many of them have identical names to their C counterparts, they
    often have different declarations. Please be sure to read the
    descriptions to avoid confusion.
   </P
><P
>&#13;    That said, those unfamiliar with socket programming can still find
    a lot of useful material in the appropriate Unix man pages, and
    there is a great deal of tutorial information on socket
    programming in C on the web, much of which can be applied, with
    slight modifications, to socket programming in PHP.
   </P
><P
>&#13;    <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN35885"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 1. Socket example: Simple TCP/IP server</B
></P
><P
>&#13;      This example shows a simple talkback server. Change the
      <TT
CLASS="varname"
>address</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="varname"
>port</TT
> variables
      to suit your setup and execute. You may then connect to the
      server with a command similar to: <B
CLASS="command"
>telnet 192.168.1.53
      10000</B
> (where the address and port match your
      setup). Anything you type will then be output on the server
      side, and echoed back to you. To disconnect, enter 'quit'.
     </P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;&#60;?php
error_reporting (E_ALL);

/* Allow the script to hang around waiting for connections. */
set_time_limit (0);

$address = '192.168.1.53';
$port = 10000;

if (($sock = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) &#60; 0) {
    echo "socket() failed: reason: " . strerror ($sock) . "\n";
}

if (($ret = bind ($sock, $address, $port)) &#60; 0) {
    echo "bind() failed: reason: " . strerror ($ret) . "\n";
}

if (($ret = listen ($sock, 5)) &#60; 0) {
    echo "listen() failed: reason: " . strerror ($ret) . "\n";
}

do {
    if (($msgsock = accept_connect($sock)) &#60; 0) {
        echo "accept_connect() failed: reason: " . strerror ($msgsock) . "\n";
        break;
    }
    do {
        $buf = '';
        $ret = read ($msgsock, $buf, 2048);
        if ($ret &#60; 0) {
            echo "read() failed: reason: " . strerror ($ret) . "\n";
            break 2;
        }
        if ($ret == 0) {
            break 2;
        }
        $buf = trim ($buf);
        if ($buf == 'quit') {
            close ($msgsock);
            break 2;
        }
        $talkback = "PHP: You said '$buf'.\n";
        write ($msgsock, $talkback, strlen ($talkback));
        echo "$buf\n";
    } while (true);
    close ($msgsock);
} while (true);

close ($sock);
?&#62;
     </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
   </P
><P
>&#13;    <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN35893"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 2. Socket example: Simple TCP/IP client</B
></P
><P
>&#13;      This example shows a simple, one-shot HTTP client. It simply
      connects to a page, submits a HEAD request, echoes the reply,
      and exits.
     </P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;&#60;?php
error_reporting (E_ALL);

echo "&#60;h2&#62;TCP/IP Connection&#60;/h2&#62;\n";

/* Get the port for the WWW service. */
$service_port = getservbyname ('www', 'tcp');

/* Get the IP address for the target host. */
$address = gethostbyname ('www.php.net');

/* Create a TCP/IP socket. */
$socket = socket (AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if ($socket &#60; 0) {
    echo "socket() failed: reason: " . strerror ($socket) . "\n";
} else {
    "socket() successful: " . strerror ($socket) . "\n";
}

echo "Attempting to connect to '$address' on port '$service_port'...";
$result = connect ($socket, $address, $service_port);
if ($result &#60; 0) {
    echo "connect() failed.\nReason: ($result) " . strerror($result) . "\n";
} else {
    echo "OK.\n";
}

$in = "HEAD / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n";
$out = '';

echo "Sending HTTP HEAD request...";
write ($socket, $in, strlen ($in));
echo "OK.\n";

echo "Reading response:\n\n";
while (read ($socket, $out, 2048)) {
    echo $out;
}

echo "Closing socket...";
close ($socket);
echo "OK.\n\n";
?&#62;
      </PRE
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>
    </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.accept-connect.html"
>accept_connect</A
> &#8212; Accepts a connection on a socket</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.bind.html"
>bind</A
> &#8212; Binds a name to a socket</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.close.html"
>close</A
> &#8212; Closes a file descriptor</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.connect.html"
>connect</A
> &#8212; Initiates a connection on a socket</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.listen.html"
>listen</A
> &#8212; Listens for a connection on a socket</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.socket.html"
>socket</A
> &#8212; Create a socket (endpoint for communication)</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.strerror.html"
>strerror</A
> &#8212; Return a string describing a socket error</DT
></DL
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