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<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>XML parser functions</TITLE
><META
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ALIGN="LEFT"
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><DIV
CLASS="reference"
><A
NAME="ref.xml"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="title"
>LXXI. XML parser functions</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN39427"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="xml.partintro"
>Introduction</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="xml.intro"
>About XML</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a data format for structured
      document interchange on the Web.  It is a standard defined by
      The World Wide Web consortium (W3C).  Information about XML and
      related technologies can be found at <A
HREF="http://www.w3.org/XML/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.w3.org/XML/</A
>.
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="xml.install"
>Installation</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      This extension uses <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>expat</SPAN
>, which can
      be found at <A
HREF="http://www.jclark.com/xml/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.jclark.com/xml/</A
>.  The
      Makefile that comes with expat does not build a library by
      default, you can use this make rule for that:
      <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;libexpat.a: $(OBJS)
	ar -rc $@ $(OBJS)
	ranlib $@
      </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
      A source RPM package of expat can be found at <A
HREF="http://www.guardian.no/~ssb/phpxml.html"
TARGET="_top"
>http://www.guardian.no/~ssb/phpxml.html</A
>.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      Note that if you are using Apache-1.3.7 or later, you already
      have the required expat library.  Simply configure PHP using
      <TT
CLASS="option"
>--with-xml</TT
> (without any
      additional path) and it will automatically use the expat library
      built into Apache.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      On UNIX, run <B
CLASS="command"
>configure</B
> with the <TT
CLASS="option"
>--with-xml</TT
> option.  The
      <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>expat</SPAN
> library should be installed
      somewhere your compiler can find it.  If you compile PHP as a
      module for Apache 1.3.9 or later, PHP will automatically use the
      bundled <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>expat</SPAN
> library from Apache.
      You may need to set <TT
CLASS="envar"
>CPPFLAGS</TT
> and
      <TT
CLASS="envar"
>LDFLAGS</TT
> in your environment before running
      configure if you have installed expat somewhere exotic.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      Build PHP.  <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>Tada!</I
>  That should be it.
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="xml.about"
>About This Extension</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      This PHP extension implements support for James Clark's
      <SPAN
CLASS="productname"
>expat</SPAN
> in PHP.  This toolkit lets you
      parse, but not validate, XML documents.  It supports three
      source <A
HREF="ref.xml.html#xml.encoding"
>character encodings</A
>
      also provided by PHP: <TT
CLASS="literal"
>US-ASCII</TT
>,
      <TT
CLASS="literal"
>ISO-8859-1</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="literal"
>UTF-8</TT
>.
      <TT
CLASS="literal"
>UTF-16</TT
> is not supported.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      This extension lets you <A
HREF="function.xml-parser-create.html"
>create XML parsers</A
>
      and then define <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>handlers</I
> for different XML
      events.  Each XML parser also has a few <A
HREF="function.xml-parser-set-option.html"
>parameters</A
> you
      can adjust.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      The XML event handlers defined are:
      <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN39466"
></A
><P
><B
>Table 1. Supported XML handlers</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><THEAD
><TR
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>PHP function to set handler</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>Event description</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-element-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_element_handler()</B
></A
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   Element events are issued whenever the XML parser
	   encounters start or end tags.  There are separate handlers
	   for start tags and end tags.
	  </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   <A
HREF="function.xml-set-character-data-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_character_data_handler()</B
></A
>
	  </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   Character data is roughly all the non-markup contents of
	   XML documents, including whitespace between tags.  Note
	   that the XML parser does not add or remove any whitespace,
	   it is up to the application (you) to decide whether
	   whitespace is significant.
	  </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   <A
HREF="function.xml-set-processing-instruction-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_processing_instruction_handler()</B
></A
>
	  </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13; 	   PHP programmers should be familiar with processing
	   instructions (PIs) already.  &#60;?php ?&#62; is a processing
	   instruction, where <TT
CLASS="replaceable"
><I
>php</I
></TT
> is called
	   the "PI target".  The handling of these are
	   application-specific, except that all PI targets starting
	   with "XML" are reserved.
	  </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-default-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_default_handler()</B
></A
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   What goes not to another handler goes to the default
	   handler.  You will get things like the XML and document
	   type declarations in the default handler.
	  </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   <A
HREF="function.xml-set-unparsed-entity-decl-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_unparsed_entity_decl_handler()</B
></A
>
	  </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   This handler will be called for declaration of an unparsed
	   (NDATA) entity.
	  </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   <A
HREF="function.xml-set-notation-decl-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_notation_decl_handler()</B
></A
>
	  </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   This handler is called for declaration of a notation.
	  </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   <A
HREF="function.xml-set-external-entity-ref-handler.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_set_external_entity_ref_handler()</B
></A
>
	  </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>&#13;	   This handler is called when the XML parser finds a
	   reference to an external parsed general entity.  This can
	   be a reference to a file or URL, for example.  See <A
HREF="ref.xml.html#example.xml-external-entity"
>the external entity
	   example</A
> for a demonstration.
	  </TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="xml.case-folding"
>Case Folding</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      The element handler functions may get their element names
      <I
CLASS="glossterm"
>case-folded</I
>.  Case-folding is defined by
      the XML standard as "a process applied to a sequence of
      characters, in which those identified as non-uppercase are
      replaced by their uppercase equivalents".  In other words, when
      it comes to XML, case-folding simply means uppercasing.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      By default, all the element names that are passed to the handler
      functions are case-folded.  This behaviour can be queried and
      controlled per XML parser with the
      <A
HREF="function.xml-parser-get-option.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_parser_get_option()</B
></A
> and
      <A
HREF="function.xml-parser-set-option.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_parser_set_option()</B
></A
> functions,
      respectively.
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="xml.error-codes"
>Error Codes</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      The following constants are defined for XML error codes (as
      returned by <A
HREF="function.xml-parse.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>xml_parse()</B
></A
>):
      <P
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_NONE</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_NO_MEMORY</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_SYNTAX</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_NO_ELEMENTS</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_INVALID_TOKEN</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_UNCLOSED_TOKEN</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_PARTIAL_CHAR</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_TAG_MISMATCH</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_DUPLICATE_ATTRIBUTE</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_JUNK_AFTER_DOC_ELEMENT</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_PARAM_ENTITY_REF</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_UNDEFINED_ENTITY</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_RECURSIVE_ENTITY_REF</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_ASYNC_ENTITY</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_BAD_CHAR_REF</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_BINARY_ENTITY_REF</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_ATTRIBUTE_EXTERNAL_ENTITY_REF</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_MISPLACED_XML_PI</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_UNKNOWN_ENCODING</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_INCORRECT_ENCODING</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_UNCLOSED_CDATA_SECTION</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>XML_ERROR_EXTERNAL_ENTITY_HANDLING</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
>
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="xml.encoding"
>Character Encoding</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      PHP's XML extension supports the <A
HREF="http://www.unicode.org/"
TARGET="_top"
>Unicode</A
> character set through
      different <I
CLASS="glossterm"
>character encoding</I
>s.  There are
      two types of character encodings, <I
CLASS="glossterm"
>source
      encoding</I
> and <I
CLASS="glossterm"
>target encoding</I
>.
      PHP's internal representation of the document is always encoded
      with <TT
CLASS="literal"
>UTF-8</TT
>.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      Source encoding is done when an XML document is <A
HREF="function.xml-parse.html"
>parsed</A
>.  Upon <A
HREF="function.xml-parser-create.html"
>creating an XML
      parser</A
>, a source encoding can be specified (this encoding
      can not be changed later in the XML parser's lifetime).  The
      supported source encodings are <TT
CLASS="literal"
>ISO-8859-1</TT
>,
      <TT
CLASS="literal"
>US-ASCII</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="literal"
>UTF-8</TT
>.  The
      former two are single-byte encodings, which means that each
      character is represented by a single byte.
      <TT
CLASS="literal"
>UTF-8</TT
> can encode characters composed by a
      variable number of bits (up to 21) in one to four bytes.  The
      default source encoding used by PHP is
      <TT
CLASS="literal"
>ISO-8859-1</TT
>.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      Target encoding is done when PHP passes data to XML handler
      functions.  When an XML parser is created, the target encoding
      is set to the same as the source encoding, but this may be
      changed at any point.  The target encoding will affect character
      data as well as tag names and processing instruction targets.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      If the XML parser encounters characters outside the range that
      its source encoding is capable of representing, it will return
      an error.  
     </P
><P
>&#13;      If PHP encounters characters in the parsed XML document that can
      not be represented in the chosen target encoding, the problem
      characters will be "demoted".  Currently, this means that such
      characters are replaced by a question mark.
     </P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="xml.examples"
>Some Examples</A
></H1
><P
>&#13;     Here are some example PHP scripts parsing XML documents.
    </P
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="example.xml-structure"
>XML Element Structure Example</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      This first example displays the stucture of the start elements in
      a document with indentation.
      <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN39563"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 1. Show XML Element Structure</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;$file = "data.xml";
$depth = array();

function startElement($parser, $name, $attrs) {
    global $depth;
    for ($i = 0; $i &#60; $depth[$parser]; $i++) {
        print "  ";
    }
    print "$name\n";
    $depth[$parser]++;
}

function endElement($parser, $name) {
    global $depth;
    $depth[$parser]--;
}

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");
if (!($fp = fopen($file, "r"))) {
    die("could not open XML input");
}

while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {
    if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp))) {
        die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d",
                    xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),
                    xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));
    }
}
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
       </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="example.xml-map-tags"
>XML Tag Mapping Example</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN39569"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 2. Map XML to HTML</B
></P
><P
>&#13;	This example maps tags in an XML document directly to HTML
	tags.  Elements not found in the "map array" are ignored.  Of
	course, this example will only work with a specific XML
	document type.
	<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;$file = "data.xml";
$map_array = array(
    "BOLD"     =&#62; "B",
    "EMPHASIS" =&#62; "I",
    "LITERAL"  =&#62; "TT"
);

function startElement($parser, $name, $attrs) {
    global $map_array;
    if ($htmltag = $map_array[$name]) {
        print "&#60;$htmltag&#62;";
    }
}

function endElement($parser, $name) {
    global $map_array;
    if ($htmltag = $map_array[$name]) {
        print "&#60;/$htmltag&#62;";
    }
}

function characterData($parser, $data) {
    print $data;
}

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
// use case-folding so we are sure to find the tag in $map_array
xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, true);
xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");
xml_set_character_data_handler($xml_parser, "characterData");
if (!($fp = fopen($file, "r"))) {
    die("could not open XML input");
}

while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {
    if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp))) {
        die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d",
                    xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),
                    xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));
    }
}
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);
	</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
       </P
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
     </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="example.xml-external-entity"
>XML External Entity Example</A
></H2
><P
>&#13;      This example highlights XML code.  It illustrates how to use an
      external entity reference handler to include and parse other
      documents, as well as how PIs can be processed, and a way of
      determining "trust" for PIs containing code.
     </P
><P
>&#13;      XML documents that can be used for this example are found below
      the example (<TT
CLASS="filename"
>xmltest.xml</TT
> and
      <TT
CLASS="filename"
>xmltest2.xml</TT
>.)
     </P
><P
>&#13;      <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN39580"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 3. External Entity Example</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;$file = "xmltest.xml";

function trustedFile($file) {
    // only trust local files owned by ourselves
    if (!eregi("^([a-z]+)://", $file) 
        &#38;&#38; fileowner($file) == getmyuid()) {
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}

function startElement($parser, $name, $attribs) {
    print "&#38;lt;&#60;font color=\"#0000cc\"&#62;$name&#60;/font&#62;";
    if (sizeof($attribs)) {
        while (list($k, $v) = each($attribs)) {
            print " &#60;font color=\"#009900\"&#62;$k&#60;/font&#62;=\"&#60;font 
                   color=\"#990000\"&#62;$v&#60;/font&#62;\"";
        }
    }
    print "&#38;gt;";
}

function endElement($parser, $name) {
    print "&#38;lt;/&#60;font color=\"#0000cc\"&#62;$name&#60;/font&#62;&#38;gt;";
}

function characterData($parser, $data) {
    print "&#60;b&#62;$data&#60;/b&#62;";
}

function PIHandler($parser, $target, $data) {
    switch (strtolower($target)) {
        case "php":
            global $parser_file;
            // If the parsed document is "trusted", we say it is safe
            // to execute PHP code inside it.  If not, display the code
            // instead.
            if (trustedFile($parser_file[$parser])) {
                eval($data);
            } else {
                printf("Untrusted PHP code: &#60;i&#62;%s&#60;/i&#62;", 
                        htmlspecialchars($data));
            }
            break;
    }
}

function defaultHandler($parser, $data) {
    if (substr($data, 0, 1) == "&#38;" &#38;&#38; substr($data, -1, 1) == ";") {
        printf('&#60;font color="#aa00aa"&#62;%s&#60;/font&#62;', 
                htmlspecialchars($data));
    } else {
        printf('&#60;font size="-1"&#62;%s&#60;/font&#62;', 
                htmlspecialchars($data));
    }
}

function externalEntityRefHandler($parser, $openEntityNames, $base, $systemId,
                                  $publicId) {
    if ($systemId) {
        if (!list($parser, $fp) = new_xml_parser($systemId)) {
            printf("Could not open entity %s at %s\n", $openEntityNames,
                   $systemId);
            return false;
        }
        while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {
            if (!xml_parse($parser, $data, feof($fp))) {
                printf("XML error: %s at line %d while parsing entity %s\n",
                       xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($parser)),
                       xml_get_current_line_number($parser), $openEntityNames);
                xml_parser_free($parser);
                return false;
            }
        }
        xml_parser_free($parser);
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}


function new_xml_parser($file) {
    global $parser_file;

    $xml_parser = xml_parser_create();
    xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 1);
    xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");
    xml_set_character_data_handler($xml_parser, "characterData");
    xml_set_processing_instruction_handler($xml_parser, "PIHandler");
    xml_set_default_handler($xml_parser, "defaultHandler");
    xml_set_external_entity_ref_handler($xml_parser, "externalEntityRefHandler");
    
    if (!($fp = @fopen($file, "r"))) {
        return false;
    }
    if (!is_array($parser_file)) {
        settype($parser_file, "array");
    }
    $parser_file[$xml_parser] = $file;
    return array($xml_parser, $fp);
}

if (!(list($xml_parser, $fp) = new_xml_parser($file))) {
    die("could not open XML input");
}

print "&#60;pre&#62;";
while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {
    if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp))) {
        die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d\n",
                    xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),
                    xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));
    }
}
print "&#60;/pre&#62;";
print "parse complete\n";
xml_parser_free($xml_parser);

?&#62;
       </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
     </P
><P
>&#13;      <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN39584"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 4. xmltest.xml</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;&#60;?xml version='1.0'?&#62;
&#60;!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "/just/a/test.dtd" [
&#60;!ENTITY plainEntity "FOO entity"&#62;
&#60;!ENTITY systemEntity SYSTEM "xmltest2.xml"&#62;
]&#62;
&#60;chapter&#62;
 &#60;TITLE&#62;Title &#38;plainEntity;&#60;/TITLE&#62;
 &#60;para&#62;
  &#60;informaltable&#62;
   &#60;tgroup cols="3"&#62;
    &#60;tbody&#62;
     &#60;row&#62;&#60;entry&#62;a1&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;entry morerows="1"&#62;b1&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;entry&#62;c1&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;/row&#62;
     &#60;row&#62;&#60;entry&#62;a2&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;entry&#62;c2&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;/row&#62;
     &#60;row&#62;&#60;entry&#62;a3&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;entry&#62;b3&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;entry&#62;c3&#60;/entry&#62;&#60;/row&#62;
    &#60;/tbody&#62;
   &#60;/tgroup&#62;
  &#60;/informaltable&#62;
 &#60;/para&#62;
 &#38;systemEntity;
 &#60;sect1 id="about"&#62;
  &#60;title&#62;About this Document&#60;/title&#62;
  &#60;para&#62;
   &#60;!-- this is a comment --&#62;
   &#60;?php print 'Hi!  This is PHP version '.phpversion(); ?&#62;
  &#60;/para&#62;
 &#60;/sect1&#62;
&#60;/chapter&#62;
       </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
     </P
><P
>&#13;      This file is included from <TT
CLASS="filename"
>xmltest.xml</TT
>:
      <TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN39589"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 5. xmltest2.xml</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
>&#13;&#60;?xml version="1.0"?&#62;
&#60;!DOCTYPE foo [
&#60;!ENTITY testEnt "test entity"&#62;
]&#62;
&#60;foo&#62;
   &#60;element attrib="value"/&#62;
   &#38;testEnt;
   &#60;?php print "This is some more PHP code being executed."; ?&#62;
&#60;/foo&#62;
       </PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
     </P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-parser-create.html"
>xml_parser_create</A
> &#8212; create an XML parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-object.html"
>xml_set_object</A
> &#8212; Use XML Parser within an object</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-element-handler.html"
>xml_set_element_handler</A
> &#8212; set up start and end element handlers</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-character-data-handler.html"
>xml_set_character_data_handler</A
> &#8212; set up character data handler</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-processing-instruction-handler.html"
>xml_set_processing_instruction_handler</A
> &#8212; 
     Set up processing instruction (PI) handler
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-default-handler.html"
>xml_set_default_handler</A
> &#8212; set up default handler</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-unparsed-entity-decl-handler.html"
>xml_set_unparsed_entity_decl_handler</A
> &#8212; 
     Set up unparsed entity declaration handler
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-notation-decl-handler.html"
>xml_set_notation_decl_handler</A
> &#8212; set up notation declaration handler</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-set-external-entity-ref-handler.html"
>xml_set_external_entity_ref_handler</A
> &#8212; set up external entity reference handler</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-parse.html"
>xml_parse</A
> &#8212; start parsing an XML document</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-get-error-code.html"
>xml_get_error_code</A
> &#8212; get XML parser error code</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-error-string.html"
>xml_error_string</A
> &#8212; get XML parser error string</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-get-current-line-number.html"
>xml_get_current_line_number</A
> &#8212; get current line number for an XML parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-get-current-column-number.html"
>xml_get_current_column_number</A
> &#8212; 
     Get current column number for an XML parser
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-get-current-byte-index.html"
>xml_get_current_byte_index</A
> &#8212; get current byte index for an XML parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-parse-into-struct.html"
>xml_parse_into_struct</A
> &#8212; Parse XML data into an array structure</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-parser-free.html"
>xml_parser_free</A
> &#8212; Free an XML parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-parser-set-option.html"
>xml_parser_set_option</A
> &#8212; set options in an XML parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.xml-parser-get-option.html"
>xml_parser_get_option</A
> &#8212; get options from an XML parser</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.utf8-decode.html"
>utf8_decode</A
> &#8212; 
     Converts a string with ISO-8859-1 characters encoded with UTF-8
     to single-byte ISO-8859-1.
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.utf8-encode.html"
>utf8_encode</A
> &#8212; encodes an ISO-8859-1 string to UTF-8</DT
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="function.wddx-deserialize.html"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="34%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="manual.html"
>Home</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="top"
><A
HREF="function.xml-parser-create.html"
>Next</A
></TD
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><TR
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WIDTH="33%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="top"
>wddx_deserialize</TD
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>Up</A
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