1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Poly/ML Basis Library</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<link href="docstyle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<ul class="nav">
<li><a href="#">Previous</a></li>
<li><a href="../../Doc.html">Up</a></li>
<li><a href="PolyMLStructure.html">Next</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><font face="Arial"><strong>Poly/ML Basis Library</strong></font></h2>
<p>A list of the items in the Poly/ML basis. These are the pre-defined structures,
values, types and functors. Many of them are from the Standard Basis Library
and are not described in much detail here. The entries that are specific to
Poly/ML are explained in greater detail.</p>
<h3>Structures</h3>
<table>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#Array">Array</a></td>
<td><a href="#Array2">Array2</a></td>
<td><a href="#ArraySlice">ArraySlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#Asn1">Asn1</a></td>
<td><a href="#BinIO">BinIO</a></td>
<td><a href="#BinPrimIO">BinPrimIO</a></td>
<td><a href="#Bool">Bool</a></td>
<td><a href="#BoolArray">BoolArray</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#BoolArray2">BoolArray2</a></td>
<td><a href="#BoolVector">BoolVector</a></td>
<td><a href="#Byte">Byte</a></td>
<td><a href="#Char">Char</a></td>
<td><a href="#CharArray">CharArray</a></td>
<td><a href="#CharArray2">CharArray2</a></td>
<td><a href="#CharArraySlice">CharArraySlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#CharVector">CharVector</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#CharVectorSlice">CharVectorSlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#CInterface">CInterface</a></td>
<td><a href="#CommandLine">CommandLine</a></td>
<td><a href="#Date">Date</a></td>
<td><a href="#General">General</a></td>
<td><a href="#GenericSock">GenericSock</a></td>
<td><a href="#HashArray">HashArray</a></td>
<td><a href="#IEEEReal">IEEEReal</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#INetSock">INetSock</a></td>
<td><a href="#IO">IO</a></td>
<td><a href="#Int">Int</a></td>
<td><a href="#Int32">Int32</a></td>
<td><a href="#IntArray">IntArray</a></td>
<td><a href="#IntArray2">IntArray2</a></td>
<td><a href="#IntArraySlice">IntArraySlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#IntInf">IntInf</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#IntVector">IntVector</a></td>
<td><a href="#IntVectorSlice">IntVectorSlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#LargeInt">LargeInt</a></td>
<td><a href="#LargeReal">LargeReal</a></td>
<td><a href="#LargeWord">LargeWord</a></td>
<td><a href="#List">List</a></td>
<td><a href="#ListPair">ListPair</a></td>
<td><a href="#Math">Math</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#NetHostDB">NetHostDB</a></td>
<td><a href="#NetProtDB">NetProtDB</a></td>
<td><a href="#NetServDB">NetServDB</a></td>
<td><a href="#Option">Option</a></td>
<td><a href="#OS">OS</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackRealBig">PackRealBig</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackRealLittle">PackRealLittle</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackWord16Big">PackWord16Big</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#PackWord16Little">PackWord16Little</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackWord32Big">PackWord32Big</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackWord32Little">PackWord32Little</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackWord8Big">PackWord8Big</a></td>
<td><a href="#PackWord8Little">PackWord8Little</a></td>
<td><a href="#PolyML">PolyML</a></td>
<td><a href="#Position">Position</a></td>
<td><a href="#Posix">Posix</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#Process">Process</a></td>
<td><a href="#Real">Real</a></td>
<td><a href="#RealArray">RealArray</a></td>
<td><a href="#RealArray2">RealArray2</a></td>
<td><a href="#RealArraySlice">RealArraySlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#RealVector">RealVector</a></td>
<td><a href="#RealVectorSlice">RealVectorSlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#RunCall">RunCall</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#RuntimeCalls">RuntimeCalls</a></td>
<td><a href="#Signal">Signal</a></td>
<td><a href="#SingleAssignment">SingleAssignment</a></td>
<td><a href="#SML90">SML90</a></td>
<td><a href="#Socket">Socket</a></td>
<td><a href="#String">String</a></td>
<td><a href="#StringCvt">StringCvt</a></td>
<td><a href="#Substring">Substring</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#SysWord">SysWord</a></td>
<td><a href="#Text">Text</a></td>
<td><a href="#TextIO">TextIO</a></td>
<td><a href="#TextPrimIO">TextPrimIO</a></td>
<td><a href="#Thread">Thread</a></td>
<td><a href="#ThreadLib">ThreadLib</a></td>
<td><a href="#Time">Time</a></td>
<td><a href="#Timer">Timer</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#Universal">Universal</a></td>
<td><a href="#UniversalArray">UniversalArray</a></td>
<td><a href="#Unix">Unix</a></td>
<td><a href="#UnixSock">UnixSock</a></td>
<td><a href="#Vector">Vector</a></td>
<td><a href="#VectorSlice">VectorSlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#Weak">Weak</a></td>
<td><a href="#Windows">Windows</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#Word">Word</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word8">Word8</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word8Array">Word8Array</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word8Array2">Word8Array2</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word8ArraySlice">Word8ArraySlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word8Vector">Word8Vector</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word8VectorSlice">Word8VectorSlice</a></td>
<td><a href="#Word32">Word32</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#Word64">Word64</a></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<h3>Signatures</h3>
<p>
<table>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>ARRAY</td>
<td>ARRAY2</td>
<td>ARRAY_SLICE</td>
<td>ASN1</td>
<td>BIN_IO</td>
<td>BIT_FLAGS</td>
<td>BOOL</td>
<td>BYTE</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>CHAR</td>
<td>COMMAND_LINE</td>
<td>DATE</td>
<td>GENERAL</td>
<td>GENERIC_SOCK</td>
<td>IEEE_REAL</td>
<td>IMPERATIVE_IO</td>
<td>INET_SOCK</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#IO_sig">IO</a></td>
<td>INTEGER</td>
<td>INT_INF</td>
<td>LIST</td>
<td>LIST_PAIR</td>
<td>MATH</td>
<td>MONO_ARRAY</td>
<td>MONO_ARRAY2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>MONO_ARRAY_SLICE</td>
<td>MONO_VECTOR</td>
<td>MONO_VECTOR_SLICE</td>
<td>NET_HOST_DB</td>
<td>NET_PROT_DB</td>
<td>NET_SERV_DB</td>
<td>OPTION</td>
<td><a href="#OS_sig">OS</a></td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>OS_FILE_SYS</td>
<td>OS_IO</td>
<td>OS_PATH</td>
<td>OS_PROCESS</td>
<td>PACK_REAL</td>
<td>PACK_WORD</td>
<td>POSIX</td>
<td>POSIX_FILE_SYS</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>POSIX_IO</td>
<td>POSIX_PROC_ENV</td>
<td>POSIX_PROCESS</td>
<td>POSIX_SIGNAL</td>
<td>POSIX_SYS_DB</td>
<td>POSIX_TTY</td>
<td>PRIM_IO</td>
<td>REAL</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="Signal.html">SIGNAL</a></td>
<td>SML90</td>
<td>SOCKET</td>
<td>STREAM_IO</td>
<td>STRING</td>
<td>STRING_CVT</td>
<td>SUBSTRING</td>
<td>TEXT</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>TEXT_IO</td>
<td>TEXT_STREAM_IO</td>
<td><a href="Threads.html">THREAD</a></td>
<td>TIME</td>
<td>TIMER</td>
<td>UNIX</td>
<td>UNIX_SOCK</td>
<td>VECTOR</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>VECTOR_SLICE</td>
<td>WEAK</td>
<td>WINDOWS</td>
<td>WORD</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Functors</h3>
<table>
<tr class="identifier">
<td><a href="#ImperativeIO">ImperativeIO</a></td>
<td><a href="#PrimIO">PrimIO</a></td>
<td><a href="#StreamIO">StreamIO</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Values</h3>
<table>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>!</td>
<td>::</td>
<td>:=</td>
<td>@</td>
<td>^</td>
<td>app</td>
<td>before</td>
<td>Bind</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>ceil</td>
<td>chr</td>
<td>Chr</td>
<td>concat</td>
<td>Div</td>
<td>Domain</td>
<td>EQUAL</td>
<td>Empty</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>exnMessage</td>
<td>exnName</td>
<td>explode</td>
<td>Fail</td>
<td>false</td>
<td>floor</td>
<td>foldl</td>
<td>foldr</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>getOpt</td>
<td>GREATER</td>
<td>hd</td>
<td>ignore</td>
<td>implode</td>
<td>isSome</td>
<td>length</td>
<td>LESS</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>map</td>
<td>Match</td>
<td>nil</td>
<td>NONE</td>
<td>not</td>
<td>null</td>
<td>o</td>
<td>ord</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>Option</td>
<td>Overflow</td>
<td>print</td>
<td>real</td>
<td>ref</td>
<td>rev</td>
<td>round</td>
<td>size</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>Size</td>
<td>SOME</td>
<td>Span</td>
<td>str</td>
<td>Subscript</td>
<td>substring</td>
<td>tl</td>
<td>true</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>trunc</td>
<td>use</td>
<td>valOf</td>
<td>vector</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Types</h3>
<table>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>array</td>
<td>bool</td>
<td>char</td>
<td>exn</td>
<td>int</td>
<td>list</td>
<td>option</td>
<td>order</td>
</tr>
<tr class="identifier">
<td>real</td>
<td>ref</td>
<td>string</td>
<td>substring</td>
<td>unit</td>
<td>vector</td>
<td>word</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Infixes</h3>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">infix 7 * / div mod
infix 6 + - ^
infix 4 = <> > >= < <=
infixr 5 :: @
infix 3 := o
infix 0 before</pre>
</div>
<h3><font face="Arial"><strong>Standard Basis Library</strong></font></h3>
<p><font face="Arial">Poly/ML supports the ML Standard Basis Library. The documentation
is available as a book, The Standard ML Basis Library, by Emden Gansner and
John Reppy. This is a short overview with specific reference to the implementation
in Poly/ML.</font></p>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="GENERAL"></a>GENERAL
structure <a name="General"></a>General: GENERAL</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Mainly standard exceptions. All of the values in the <tt>General</tt>
structure are available unqualified at the top level.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="OPTION"></a>OPTION
structure <a name="Option"></a>Option: OPTION</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The option type, defined as <tt>datatype 'a option = NONE | SOME of 'a</tt>,
together with associated functions. Some of these are available unqualified
at the top level.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="BOOL"></a>BOOL
structure <a name="Bool"></a>Bool: BOOL</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Functions on type bool.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="INTEGER"></a>INTEGER
structure <a name="LargeInt"></a>LargeInt: INTEGER
structure <a name="Position"></a>Position: INTEGER
structure <a name="IntInf"></a>IntInf: INTEGER</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p><tt>Int</tt>, <tt>LargeInt</tt> and <tt>Position</tt> are the same structure
and provide operations on type <tt>int</tt>. In Poly/ML that is an
arbitrary precision integer. Poly/ML does not support any fixed precision
integers. <tt>IntInf</tt> provides additional functions, such as logical
operations on integers. Note: there are functions to compute LCM and GCD
in <a href="PolyMLStructure.html#IntInf"><span class="identifier">PolyML.IntInf</span></a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="REAL"></a>REAL
structure <a name="Real"></a>Real: REAL
structure <a name="LargeReal"></a>LargeReal: REAL</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p><tt>Real</tt> and <tt>LargeReal</tt> are the same structure in Poly/ML.
They provide functions on type <tt>real</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="MATH"></a>MATH
structure <a name="Zzz"></a>Math: MATH</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The mathematical functions on type real.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="IEEE_REAL"></a>IEEE_REAL
structure <a name="IEEEReal"></a>IEEEReal: IEEE_REAL</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Functions to manipulate IEEE real numbers, such as controlling rounding and
handling not-a-number.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="WORD"></a>WORD
structure <a name="Word8"></a>Word8: WORD
structure <a name="LargeWord"></a>LargeWord: WORD
structure <a name="SysWord"></a>SysWord: WORD
structure <a name="Word32"></a>Word32: WORD
structure <a name="Word64"></a>Word64: WORD</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Operations on machine words treated as unsigned quantities. Functions
which would overflow simply wrap round. Poly/ML implements <span class="identifier">Word.word</span>
as a 31 bit quantity on 32-bit platforms and a 63 bit quantity on 64-bit
platforms. In version 5.5 and earlier <span class="identifier">LargeWord</span>
and <span class="identifier">SysWord</span> were implemented using a double
precision version. From version 5.5.1 they are implemented as 32 and 64-bit
versions as <span class="identifier">Word32</span> and <span class="identifier">Word64</span>
respectively. <span class="identifier">Word64</span> is only available on
64-bit architectures. <span class="identifier">SysWord</span> is used in
the <span class="identifier"><a href="#Windows">Windows</a></span> and <a href="#Posix"><span class="identifier">Posix</span></a>
structures. <span class="identifier">Word8.word</span> is an unsigned
byte.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="CHAR"></a>CHAR
structure <a name="Char"></a>Char: CHAR</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Operations on values of type <tt>char</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="STRING"></a>STRING
structure <a name="String"></a>String: STRING</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Operations on values of type <tt>string</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="STRING_CVT"></a>STRING_CVT
structure <a name="StringCvt"></a>StringCvt: STRING_CVT</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Additional string functions used primarily when converting between strings and
string representations.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="SUBSTRING"></a>SUBSTRING
structure <a name="Substring"></a>Substring: SUBSTRING</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Operations on substrings. These are segments of strings defined by a base
string, an offset and a length and are designed to allow substrings to be manipulated
without the storage overhead of creating the substrings themselves.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="LIST"></a>LIST
signature <a name="LIST_PAIR"></a>LIST_PAIR
structure <a name="List"></a>List: LIST
structure <a name="ListPair"></a>ListPair: LIST_PAIR</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Functions on lists and lists of pairs.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="VECTOR"></a>VECTOR
signature <a name="ARRAY"></a>ARRAY
structure <a name="Vector"></a>Vector: VECTOR
structure <a name="Array"></a>Array: ARRAY</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Polymorphic vector and array.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="MONO_VECTOR"></a>MONO_VECTOR
signature <a name="MONO_ARRAY"></a>MONO_ARRAY
structure <a name="Word8Vector"></a>Word8Vector: MONO_VECTOR
structure <a name="CharVector"></a>CharVector: MONO_VECTOR
structure <a name="BoolVector"></a>BoolVector: MONO_VECTOR
structure <a name="IntVector"></a>IntVector: MONO_VECTOR
structure <a name="RealVector"></a>RealVector: MONO_VECTOR
structure <a name="Word8Array"></a>Word8Array: MONO_ARRAY
structure <a name="CharArray"></a>CharArray: MONO_ARRAY
structure <a name="BoolArray"></a>BoolArray: MONO_ARRAY
structure <a name="IntArray"></a>IntArray: MONO_ARRAY
structure <a name="RealArray"></a>RealArray: MONO_ARRAY</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Monomorphic vectors and arrays. Generally these are designed to be storage-efficient
at the expense of time. <tt>CharVector.vector</tt> is the same as string
so provides vector operations on strings. <tt>Word8Vector.vector</tt>
is used in various places throughout the library as a binary analogue of string.
<tt>BoolVector</tt> and <tt>BoolArray</tt> use single bits for each value.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="ARRAY2"></a>ARRAY2
structure <a name="Array2"></a>Array2: ARRAY2
signature <a name="MONO_ARRAY2"></a>MONO_ARRAY2
structure <a name="Word8Array2"></a>Word8Array2: MONO_ARRAY2
structure <a name="CharArray2"></a>CharArray2: MONO_ARRAY2
structure <a name="BoolArray2"></a>BoolArray2: MONO_ARRAY2
structure <a name="IntArray2"></a>IntArray2: MONO_ARRAY2
structure <a name="RealArray2"></a>RealArray2: MONO_ARRAY2</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Two dimensional arrays.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="BYTE"></a>BYTE
structure <a name="Byte"></a>Byte: BYTE</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides functions to convert between characters and <tt>Word8.word</tt> values
and between strings and <tt>Word8Vector.vector</tt> values. In Poly/ML
these can generally be implemented as a cast so do not incur any time or space overhead.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="COMMAND_LINE"></a>COMMAND_LINE
structure <a name="Zzz"></a>CommandLine: COMMAND_LINE</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Access to the command line and arguments. Does not include arguments taken by the run-time system.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="TIME"></a>TIME
structure <a name="Time"></a>Time: TIME</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Functions on times. Poly/ML implements this as microseconds since 1st
January 1970 in Unix and nanoseconds since 1st January 1601 (FILETIME) in Windows.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="DATE"></a>DATE
structure <a name="Date"></a>Date: DATE</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Functions on dates including conversions to and from <tt>Time.time</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="TIMER"></a>TIMER
structure <a name="Timer"></a>Timer: TIMER</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Functions to return CPU time and garbage collection time.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="PACK_WORD"></a>PACK_WORD
structure <a name="Pack8Big"></a>Pack8Big: PACK_WORD
structure <a name="Pack8Little"></a>Pack8Little: PACK_WORD
structure <a name="Pack16Big"></a>Pack16Big: PACK_WORD
structure <a name="Pack16Little"></a>Pack16Little: PACK_WORD
structure <a name="Pack32Big"></a>Pack32Big: PACK_WORD
structure <a name="Pack32Little"></a>Pack32Little: PACK_WORD
signature <a name="PACK_REAL"></a>PACK_REAL
structure <a name="PackRealBig"></a>PackRealBig: PACK_REAL
structure <a name="PackRealLittle"></a>PackRealLittle: PACK_REAL</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Operations to pack and unpack integers and reals into byte vectors.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="IO_sig"></a>IO
structure <a name="IO"></a>IO: IO</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The <tt>IO</tt> structure contains types and exceptions used within the other
IO structures.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="TextIO"></a>TextIO: sig ... end</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The <tt>TextIO</tt> structure is the top level of the IO stack for textual input
and output. This is level likely to be used most often. Input and
output are side-effecting and, if necessary, characters such as newlines are
translated between the ML and operating system codes.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="TEXT_STREAM_IO"></a>TEXT_STREAM_IO
structure <a name="TextIO.StreamIO"></a>TextIO.StreamIO: TEXT_STREAM_IO</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>This substructure access to a lower level of textual input and output.
Output is not significantly different from that of <tt>TextIO</tt> but input
is applicative rather than imperative. In essence this means that input
functions return both a value, character or string, and a new stream.
Reading from the new stream continues the input, reading from the original stream
returns the previous value. This is intended to simplify backtracking
in parsing and works particularly well with the <tt>scan</tt> functions in the
library.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="BIN_IO"></a>BIN_IO
structure <a name="BinIO"></a>BinIO: BIN_IO</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p><tt>BinIO</tt> is similar to <tt>TextIO</tt> but for binary input and output.
While <tt>TextIO</tt> works on types <tt>char</tt> and <tt>string</tt>, <tt>BinIO</tt>
works on bytes (<tt>Word8.word</tt>) and byte vectors (<tt>Word8Vector.vector</tt>).
Unlike TextIO binary I/O does not perform any translation of characters.<br>
<tt>BinIO.StreamIO: STREAM_IO</tt><br>
Similar to <tt>TextIO.StreamIO</tt>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="PRIM_IO"></a>PRIM_IO
structure <a name="BinPrimIO"></a>BinPrimIO: PRIM_IO
structure <a name="TextPrimIO"></a>TextPrimIO: PRIM_IO</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The primitive I/O functions are the lowest level of the stack. They
provide access to the underlying readers and writers.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="IMPERATIVE_IO"></a>IMPERATIVE_IO
functor <a name="ImperativeIO"></a>ImperativeIO ( ... ): IMPERATIVE_IO
signature <a name="STREAM_IO"></a>STREAM_IO
functor <a name="StreamIO"></a>StreamIO ( ... ): STREAM_IO
signature <a name="PRIM_IO"></a>PRIM_IO
functor <a name="PrimIO"></a>PrimIO ( ... ): PRIM_IO</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>These functors can be used to build new stacks to provide input and output on
data structures other than characters and bytes.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="OS_sig"></a>OS
signature <a name="OS_FILE_SYS"></a>OS_FILE_SYS
signature <a name="OS_IO"></a>OS_IO
signature <a name="OS_PATH"></a>OS_PATH
signature <a name="OS_PROCESS"></a>OS_PROCESS
structure <a name="OS"></a>OS: OS</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The <tt>OS</tt> structure contains a large number of functions for accessing
operating system facilities. Most of them are grouped into substructures.
<tt>OS.FileSys</tt> contains functions for examining directories and files.
<tt>OS.Path</tt> operates on file path names. <tt>OS.Process</tt> provides
functions to terminate the current ML program with various results, examine
the environment and to run sub-processes. <tt>OS.IO</tt> provides the
ability to poll a set of file descriptors.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="SOCKET"></a>SOCKET
structure <a name="Socket"></a>Socket: SOCKET</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Operations on sockets, providing access to network facilities from ML.
<tt>Socket</tt> does not actually contain functions to create sockets.
Instead these are found in the <tt>INetSock</tt>, <tt>UnixSock</tt> and <tt>GenericSock</tt>
structures.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="INET_SOCK"></a>INET_SOCK
structure <a name="INetSock"></a>INetSock: INET_SOCK</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Creates internet domain sockets and provides functions on internet addresses.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="UNIX_SOCK"></a>UNIX_SOCK
structure <a name="UnixSock"></a>UnixSock: UNIX_SOCK</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Creates Unix domain (local) sockets. This structure is not provided in
the Windows implementation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="GENERIC_SOCK"></a>GENERIC_SOCK
structure <a name="GenericSock"></a>GenericSock: GENERIC_SOCK</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Can be used to create sockets in any domain supported by the system.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="NET_HOST_DB"></a>NET_HOST_DB
structure <a name="NetHostDB"></a>NetHostDB: NET_HOST_DB
signature <a name="NET_PROT_DB"></a>NET_PROT_DB
structure <a name="NetProtDB"></a>NetProtDB: NET_PROT_DB
signature <a name="NET_SERV_DB"></a>NET_SERV_DB
structure <a name="NetServDB"></a>NetServDB: NET_SERV_DB</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Look up names in various tables. <tt>NetHostDB</tt> looks up an internet
address using DNS. <tt>NetProtDB</tt> looks up a protocol in (on Unix) /etc/protocols.
<tt>NetServDB</tt> looks up a service in (on Unix) /etc/services.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="UNIX"></a>UNIX
structure <a name="Unix"></a>Unix: UNIX</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides access to Unix-specific functions, such as forking a process.
This structure is not provided in the Windows implementation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="POSIX"></a>POSIX
signature <a name="POSIX_ERROR"></a>POSIX_ERROR
signature <a name="POSIX_SIGNAL"></a>POSIX_SIGNAL
signature <a name="POSIX_PROCESS"></a>POSIX_PROCESS
signature <a name="POSIX_PROC_ENV"></a>POSIX_PROC_ENV
signature <a name="POSIX_FILE_SYS"></a>POSIX_FILE_SYS
signature <a name="POSIX_IO"></a>POSIX_IO
signature <a name="POSIX_SYS_DB"></a>POSIX_SYS_DB
signature <a name="POSIX_TTY"></a>POSIX_TTY
structure <a name="Posix"></a>Posix: POSIX</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides access to a wide range of Unix system calls. This structure and the signatures are not
provided in the Windows implementation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">signature <a name="WINDOWS"></a>WINDOWS
structure <a name="Windows"></a>Windows: WINDOWS</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Windows-specific functions. This structure is not provided in the Unix
implementations.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3><font face="Arial"><strong>Poly/ML Extensions</strong></font></h3>
<p><font face="Arial">There are a number of extensions to Poly/ML. Most of these
are described in greater detail in other documents.</font></p>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="Asn1" id="Asn1"></a>Asn1: <a href="#ASN1">ASN1</a>
signature <a name="ASN1" id="ASN1"></a>ASN1</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p> Operations on ASN1 binary encoding. There are functions
to help convert between tree structures and byte vectors. This is experimental.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="CInterface" id="CInterface"></a>CInterface
signature <a name="CInterfaceSig" id="CInterfaceSig"></a>CInterfaceSig</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p> Provides a foreign-function interface. See the <a href="../Tutorials/CInterface.html">full documentation</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="HashArray" id="HashArray"></a>HashArray</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p> Provides a hash-table type and operations.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="PolyML" id="PolyML"></a>PolyML</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p> Contains a large number of operations specific to Poly/ML. See <a href="PolyMLStructure.html">here</a>
for full information.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="Process" id="Process"></a>Process</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p> This is the original implementation of parallelism in
Poly/ML. It has now been reimplemented using the <a href="#Thread"><span class="identifier">Thread</span></a>
structure. It is provided for backwards compatibility only.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="RunCall" id="RunCall"></a>RunCall
structure <a name="RuntimeCalls" id="RuntimeCalls"></a>RuntimeCalls</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p><span class="identifier">RunCall</span> contains various low-level operations
for interface to the run-time system. <span class="identifier">RuntimeCalls</span>
contains symbolic definitions for entry points to the run-time system. These
structures are intended only for use in the basis library itself and should
not be used in user code unless absolutely necessary. It is very easy to
use them in a way that will cause a crash or break the garbage-collector
resulting in a failure at some point in the future.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="Signal" id="Signal"></a>Signal
signature <a name="SIGNAL" id="SIGNAL"></a>SIGNAL</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides a way of handling Unix-style signals. On Windows this deals only
with the interrupt signal, <span class="identifier">SIGINT</span>. See <a href="Signal.html">here</a>
for full information.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="SingleAssignment" id="SingleAssignment"></a>SingleAssignment</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides references that can only be assigned to once. Once a variable
has been assigned a value that is fixed and further attempts to assign a
new value result in an exception. The main reason for providing this is
that once the value has been assigned it is marked as an <em>immutable</em>
cell and this has advantages in efficiency for the garbage collector. Locked
cells that contain the same value can be shared with <a href="PolyMLStructure.html#shareCommonData"><span class="identifier">PolyML.shareCommonData</span></a>.
See <a href="SingleAssignment.html">here</a> for more information.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="SML90" id="SML90"></a>SML90: SML90
signature <a name="SML90_sig" id="SML90_sig"></a>SML90</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides backwards compatibility with ML90. This was included in an earlier
draft of the Standard Basis Library but was withdrawn before the final release.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="Thread" id="Thread"></a>Thread: THREAD
signature <a name="THREAD" id="THREAD"></a>THREAD
structure <a name="ThreadLib" id="ThreadLib"></a>ThreadLib</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The <span class="identifier">Thread</span> structure provides a way of
creating parallel threads and synchronising between them. <span class="identifier">ThreadLib</span>
is an extension library for the <span class="identifier">Thread</span> structure.
See <a href="Threads.html">here</a> for full information.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="Universal" id="Universal"></a>Universal
structure <a name="UniversalArray" id="UniversalArray"></a>UniversalArray</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>The <span class="identifier">Universal</span> structure provides support
for a universal union type that can contain a value of any type. It is used
in various library functions. See <a href="Universal.html">here</a> for
full information.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="entryblock">
<pre class="entrycode">structure <a name="Weak" id="Weak"></a>Weak
signature <a name="WEAK" id="WEAK"></a>WEAK</pre>
<div class="entrytext">
<p>Provides the ability to construct <em>weak</em> references, that is references
that can be used to detect when all other pointers to the reference have
been removed by the garbage collector. They are intended to allow a program
to recover resources when they are no longer reachable. See <a href="Weak.html">here</a>
for full information. </p>
</div>
</div>
<ul class="nav">
<li><a href="#">Previous</a></li>
<li><a href="../../Doc.html">Up</a></li>
<li><a href="PolyMLStructure.html">Next</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
|
