/*
    Title:      Time functions.
    Author:     Dave Matthews, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory

    Copyright (c) 2000
        Cambridge University Technical Services Limited

    Further development copyright David C.J. Matthews 2011,12,16

    This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
    License version 2.1 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
    
    This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
    Lesser General Public License for more details.
    
    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
    License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

*/

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#elif defined(_WIN32)
#include "winconfig.h"
#else
#error "No configuration file"
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
#include <locale.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
#include <sys/param.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_TIME_H
#include <time.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIMES_H
#include <sys/times.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
#include <sys/time.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
#include <sys/resource.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
#include <sys/types.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
#include <sys/stat.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SIGNAL_H
#include <sys/signal.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#include <limits.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_ASSERT_H
#include <assert.h>
#define ASSERT(x) assert(x)
#else
#define ASSERT(x) 0
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_STDIO_H
#include <stdio.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#include <limits>
// Windows headers define min/max macros, which messes up trying to use std::numeric_limits<T>::min/max()
#ifdef min
#undef min
#endif
#ifdef max
#undef max
#endif

#include "locking.h"
#include "globals.h"
#include "arb.h"
#include "run_time.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "timing.h"
#include "polystring.h"
#include "save_vec.h"
#include "rts_module.h"
#include "processes.h"
#include "heapsizing.h"
#include "rtsentry.h"

extern "C" {
    POLYEXTERNALSYMBOL POLYUNSIGNED PolyTimingGeneral(PolyObject *threadId, PolyWord code, PolyWord arg);
}

#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
/* Windows file times are 64-bit numbers representing times in
   tenths of a microsecond. */
#define TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND 10

#ifdef __GNUC__
#define SECSSINCE1601 11644473600LL
#else
#define SECSSINCE1601 11644473600
#endif

#else
/* For Unix return times in microseconds. */
#define TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND 1
#endif

/*
    The original Poly timing functions used a variety of timing bases
    (e.g. seconds, tenths of a second).  The old functions have been
    retained but the intention is to phase them out in favour of new
    functions.  Most of these are handled through the timing_dispatch
    function.

    The intention behind the timing functions is to make use of the
    arbitrary precision arithmetic to allow for a wider range of dates
    than the usual mktime range of 1970 to 2036.  We also want to handle
    more accurate timing than per second or per microsecond where the
    operating system provides it.
*/

#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
static FILETIME startTime;
#define StrToLL _strtoi64
#else
static struct timeval startTime;
#define StrToLL strtoll
#endif

#if(!(defined(HAVE_GMTIME_R) && defined(HAVE_LOCALTIME_R)))
// gmtime and localtime are not re-entrant so if we don't have the
// re-entrant versions we need to use a lock.
static PLock timeLock("Timing");
#endif

#define XSTR(X) STR(X)
#define STR(X)  #X

static Handle timing_dispatch_c(TaskData *taskData, Handle args, Handle code)
{
    unsigned c = get_C_unsigned(taskData, DEREFWORDHANDLE(code));
    switch (c)
    {
    case 0: /* Get ticks per microsecond. */
        return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND);
    case 1: /* Return time since the time base. */
        {
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            FILETIME ft;
            GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
            return Make_arb_from_Filetime(taskData, ft);
#else
            struct timeval tv;
            if (gettimeofday(&tv, NULL) != 0)
                raise_syscall(taskData, "gettimeofday failed", errno);
            return Make_arb_from_pair_scaled(taskData, tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec, 1000000);
#endif
        }
    case 2: /* Return the base year.  This is the year which corresponds to
               zero in the timing sequence. */
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
        return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, 1601);
#else
        return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, 1970);
#endif

    case 3: /* In both Windows and Unix the time base is 1st of January
               in the base year.  This function is provided just in case
               we are running on a system with a different base.  It
               returns the number of seconds after 1st January of the
               base year that corresponds to zero of the time base. */
        return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, 0);

    case 4: /* Return the time offset which applied/will apply at the
               specified time (in seconds). */
        {
            int localoff = 0;
            time_t theTime;
            int day = 0;
#if (defined(HAVE_GMTIME_R) || defined(HAVE_LOCALTIME_R))
            struct tm result;
#endif
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            /* Although the offset is in seconds it is since 1601. */
            FILETIME ftSeconds; // Not really a file-time because it's a number of seconds.
            getFileTimeFromArb(taskData, args, &ftSeconds); /* May raise exception. */
            ULARGE_INTEGER   liTime;
            liTime.HighPart = ftSeconds.dwHighDateTime;
            liTime.LowPart = ftSeconds.dwLowDateTime;
            theTime = (long)(liTime.QuadPart - SECSSINCE1601);
#else
            theTime = get_C_long(taskData, DEREFWORDHANDLE(args)); /* May raise exception. */
#endif

            {
#ifdef HAVE_GMTIME_R
                struct tm *loctime = gmtime_r(&theTime, &result);
#else
                PLocker lock(&timeLock);
                struct tm *loctime = gmtime(&theTime);
#endif
                if (loctime == NULL) raise_exception0(taskData, EXC_size);
                localoff = (loctime->tm_hour*60 + loctime->tm_min)*60 + loctime->tm_sec;
                day = loctime->tm_yday;
            }

            {

#ifdef HAVE_LOCALTIME_R
                struct tm *loctime = localtime_r(&theTime, &result);
#else
                PLocker lock(&timeLock);
                struct tm *loctime = localtime(&theTime);
#endif
                if (loctime == NULL) raise_exception0(taskData, EXC_size);
                localoff -= (loctime->tm_hour*60 + loctime->tm_min)*60 + loctime->tm_sec;
                if (loctime->tm_yday != day)
                {
                    // Different day - have to correct it.  We can assume that there
                    // is at most one day to correct.
                    if (day == loctime->tm_yday+1 || (day == 0 && loctime->tm_yday >= 364))
                        localoff += 24*60*60;
                    else localoff -= 24*60*60;
                }
            }

            return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, localoff);
        }

    case 5: /* Find out if Summer Time (daylight saving) was/will be in effect. */
        {
            time_t theTime;
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            FILETIME ftSeconds; // Not really a file-time because it's a number of seconds.
            getFileTimeFromArb(taskData, args, &ftSeconds); /* May raise exception. */
            ULARGE_INTEGER   liTime;
            liTime.HighPart = ftSeconds.dwHighDateTime;
            liTime.LowPart = ftSeconds.dwLowDateTime;
            theTime = (long)(liTime.QuadPart - SECSSINCE1601);
#else
            theTime = get_C_long(taskData, DEREFWORDHANDLE(args)); /* May raise exception. */
#endif
            int isDst = 0;
#ifdef HAVE_LOCALTIME_R
            struct tm result;
            struct tm *loctime = localtime_r(&theTime, &result);
            isDst = loctime->tm_isdst;
#else
            {
                PLocker lock(&timeLock);
                struct tm *loctime = localtime(&theTime);
                if (loctime == NULL) raise_exception0(taskData, EXC_size);
                isDst = loctime->tm_isdst;
            }
#endif
            return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, isDst);
        }

    case 6: /* Call strftime.  It would be possible to do much of this in
               ML except that it requires the current locale. */
        {
            struct  tm time;
            char    *format, buff[2048];
            Handle  resString;
            /* Get the format string. */
            format = Poly_string_to_C_alloc(DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(0));

            /* Copy the time information. */
            time.tm_year = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(1)) - 1900;
            time.tm_mon = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(2));
            time.tm_mday = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(3));
            time.tm_hour = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(4));
            time.tm_min = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(5));
            time.tm_sec = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(6));
            time.tm_wday = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(7));
            time.tm_yday = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(8));
            time.tm_isdst = get_C_int(taskData, DEREFHANDLE(args)->Get(9));
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            _tzset(); /* Make sure we set the current locale. */
#else
            setlocale(LC_TIME, "");
#endif
            /* It would be better to dynamically allocate the string rather
               than use a fixed size but Unix unlike Windows does not distinguish
               between an error in the input and the buffer being too small. */
            if (strftime(buff, sizeof(buff), format, &time) <= 0)
            {
                /* Error */
                free(format);
                raise_exception0(taskData, EXC_size);
            }
            resString = taskData->saveVec.push(C_string_to_Poly(taskData, buff));
            free(format);
            return resString;
        }

    case 7: /* Return User CPU time since the start. */
        {
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            FILETIME ut, ct, et, kt;
            if (! GetProcessTimes(GetCurrentProcess(), &ct, &et, &kt, &ut))
                raise_syscall(taskData, "GetProcessTimes failed", GetLastError());
            return Make_arb_from_Filetime(taskData, ut);
#else
            struct rusage rusage;
            if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rusage) != 0)
                raise_syscall(taskData, "getrusage failed", errno);
            return Make_arb_from_pair_scaled(taskData, rusage.ru_utime.tv_sec,
                        rusage.ru_utime.tv_usec, 1000000);
#endif
        }

    case 8: /* Return System CPU time since the start. */
        {
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            FILETIME ct, et, kt, ut;
            if (! GetProcessTimes(GetCurrentProcess(), &ct, &et, &kt, &ut))
                raise_syscall(taskData, "GetProcessTimes failed", GetLastError());
            return Make_arb_from_Filetime(taskData, kt);
#else
            struct rusage rusage;
            if (getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &rusage) != 0)
                raise_syscall(taskData, "getrusage failed", errno);
            return Make_arb_from_pair_scaled(taskData, rusage.ru_stime.tv_sec,
                        rusage.ru_stime.tv_usec, 1000000);
#endif
        }

    case 9: /* Return GC time since the start. */
        return gHeapSizeParameters.getGCUtime(taskData);

    case 10: /* Return real time since the start. */
        {
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            FILETIME ft;
            GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
            subFiletimes(&ft, &startTime);
            return Make_arb_from_Filetime(taskData, ft);
#else
            struct timeval tv;
            if (gettimeofday(&tv, NULL) != 0)
                raise_syscall(taskData, "gettimeofday failed", errno);
            subTimevals(&tv, &startTime);
            return Make_arb_from_pair_scaled(taskData, tv.tv_sec, tv.tv_usec, 1000000);
#endif
        }

        /* These next two are used only in the Posix structure. */
    case 11: /* Return User CPU time used by child processes. */
        {
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, 0);
#else
            struct rusage rusage;
            if (getrusage(RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &rusage) != 0)
                raise_syscall(taskData, "getrusage failed", errno);
            return Make_arb_from_pair_scaled(taskData, rusage.ru_utime.tv_sec,
                        rusage.ru_utime.tv_usec, 1000000);
#endif
        }

    case 12: /* Return System CPU time used by child processes. */
        {
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
            return Make_arbitrary_precision(taskData, 0);
#else
            struct rusage rusage;
            if (getrusage(RUSAGE_CHILDREN, &rusage) != 0)
                raise_syscall(taskData, "getrusage failed", errno);
            return Make_arb_from_pair_scaled(taskData, rusage.ru_stime.tv_sec,
                        rusage.ru_stime.tv_usec, 1000000);
#endif
        }

    case 13: /* Return GC system time since the start. */
        return gHeapSizeParameters.getGCStime(taskData);

    default:
        {
            char msg[100];
            sprintf(msg, "Unknown timing function: %d", c);
            raise_exception_string(taskData, EXC_Fail, msg);
            return 0;
        }
    }
}

// General interface to timing.  Ideally the various cases will be made into
// separate functions.
POLYUNSIGNED PolyTimingGeneral(PolyObject *threadId, PolyWord code, PolyWord arg)
{
    TaskData *taskData = TaskData::FindTaskForId(threadId);
    ASSERT(taskData != 0);
    taskData->PreRTSCall();
    Handle reset = taskData->saveVec.mark();
    Handle pushedCode = taskData->saveVec.push(code);
    Handle pushedArg = taskData->saveVec.push(arg);
    Handle result = 0;

    try {
        result = timing_dispatch_c(taskData, pushedArg, pushedCode);
    } catch (...) { } // If an ML exception is raised

    taskData->saveVec.reset(reset);
    taskData->PostRTSCall();
    if (result == 0) return TAGGED(0).AsUnsigned();
    else return result->Word().AsUnsigned();
}

#ifdef HAVE_WINDOWS_H
void addFiletimes(FILETIME *result, const FILETIME *x)
{
    ULARGE_INTEGER liA, liB;
    liA.LowPart = result->dwLowDateTime;
    liA.HighPart = result->dwHighDateTime;
    liB.LowPart = x->dwLowDateTime;
    liB.HighPart = x->dwHighDateTime;
    liA.QuadPart += liB.QuadPart;
    result->dwLowDateTime = liA.LowPart;
    result->dwHighDateTime = liA.HighPart;
}

void subFiletimes(FILETIME *result, const FILETIME *x)
{
    ULARGE_INTEGER liA, liB;
    liA.LowPart = result->dwLowDateTime;
    liA.HighPart = result->dwHighDateTime;
    liB.LowPart = x->dwLowDateTime;
    liB.HighPart = x->dwHighDateTime;
    liA.QuadPart -= liB.QuadPart;
    result->dwLowDateTime = liA.LowPart;
    result->dwHighDateTime = liA.HighPart;
}

float filetimeToSeconds(const FILETIME *x)
{
    ULARGE_INTEGER ul;
    ul.LowPart = x->dwLowDateTime;
    ul.HighPart = x->dwHighDateTime;
    return (float)ul.QuadPart / (float)1.0E7;
}

void FileTimeTime::fromSeconds(unsigned u)
{
    ULARGE_INTEGER li;
    li.QuadPart = (ULONGLONG)u * TICKS_PER_MICROSECOND * 1000000;
    t.dwLowDateTime = li.LowPart;
    t.dwHighDateTime = li.HighPart;
}

void FileTimeTime::add(const FileTimeTime &f)
{
    addFiletimes(&t, &f.t);
}

void FileTimeTime::sub(const FileTimeTime &f)
{
    subFiletimes(&t, &f.t);
}

float FileTimeTime::toSeconds(void)
{
    return filetimeToSeconds(&t);
}

#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
void addTimevals(struct timeval *result, const struct timeval *x)
{
    long uSecs = result->tv_usec + x->tv_usec;
    result->tv_sec += x->tv_sec;
    if (uSecs >= 1000000) { result->tv_sec++; uSecs -= 1000000; }
    result->tv_usec = uSecs;
}

void subTimevals(struct timeval *result, const struct timeval *x)
{
    long uSecs = result->tv_usec - x->tv_usec;
    result->tv_sec -= x->tv_sec;
    if (uSecs < 0) { result->tv_sec--; uSecs += 1000000; }
    result->tv_usec = uSecs;
}

float timevalToSeconds(const struct timeval *x)
{
    return (float)x->tv_sec + (float)x->tv_usec / 1.0E6;
}

void TimeValTime::add(const TimeValTime &f)
{
    addTimevals(&t, &f.t);
}

void TimeValTime::sub(const TimeValTime &f)
{
    subTimevals(&t, &f.t);
}

#endif


struct _entrypts timingEPT[] =
{
    { "PolyTimingGeneral",              (polyRTSFunction)&PolyTimingGeneral},

    { NULL, NULL} // End of list.
};

class Timing: public RtsModule
{
public:
    virtual void Init(void);
};

// Declare this.  It will be automatically added to the table.
static Timing timingModule;

void Timing::Init(void)
{
#if (defined(_WIN32) && ! defined(__CYGWIN__))
    // Record an initial time of day to use as the basis of real timing
    GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&startTime);
#else
    gettimeofday(&startTime, NULL);
#endif
}

time_t getBuildTime(void)
{
    char *source_date_epoch = getenv("SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH");
    if (source_date_epoch) {
        errno = 0;
        char *endptr;
        long long epoch = StrToLL(source_date_epoch, &endptr, 10);
        if ((errno == ERANGE && (epoch == LLONG_MIN || epoch == LLONG_MAX)) || (errno != 0 && epoch == 0)) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: " XSTR(StrToLL) ": %s\n", strerror(errno));
            goto err;
        }
        if (endptr == source_date_epoch) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: No digits were found: %s\n", endptr);
            goto err;
        }
        if (*endptr != '\0') {
            fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: Trailing garbage: %s\n", endptr);
            goto err;
        }
        if (epoch < (long long)std::numeric_limits<time_t>::min()) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: value must be greater than or equal to: %lld but was found to be: %lld\n", (long long)std::numeric_limits<time_t>::min(), epoch);
            goto err;
        }
        if (epoch > (long long)std::numeric_limits<time_t>::max()) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable $SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: value must be smaller than or equal to: %lld but was found to be: %lld\n", (long long)std::numeric_limits<time_t>::max(), epoch);
            goto err;
        }
        return (time_t) epoch;
    }
err:
    return time(NULL);
}