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<html> <head> </head> <body> <pre>
SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
<b>NAME</b>
sendmail - Postfix to Sendmail compatibility interface
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
<b>sendmail</b> [<i>option</i> <i>...</i>] [<i>recipient</i> <i>...</i>]
<b>mailq</b>
<b>sendmail</b> <b>-bp</b>
<b>newaliases</b>
<b>sendmail</b> <b>-I</b>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
The <b>sendmail</b> program implements the Postfix to Sendmail
compatibility interface. For the sake of compatibility
with existing applications, some Sendmail command-line
options are recognized but silently ignored.
By default, <b>sendmail</b> reads a message from standard input
until EOF or until it reads a line with only a <b>.</b> charac-
ter, and arranges for delivery. <b>sendmail</b> attempts to cre-
ate a queue file in the <b>maildrop</b> directory. If that direc-
tory is not world-writable, the message is piped through
the <a href="postdrop.1.html"><b>postdrop</b>(1)</a> command, which is expected to execute with
suitable privileges.
Specific command aliases are provided for other common
modes of operation:
<b>mailq</b> List the mail queue. Each entry shows the queue
file ID, message size, arrival time, sender, and
the recipients that still need to be delivered. If
mail could not be delivered upon the last attempt,
the reason for failure is shown. This mode of oper-
ation is implemented by connecting to the <a href="showq.8.html"><b>showq</b>(8)</a>
daemon.
<b>newaliases</b>
Initialize the alias database. If no alias database
type is specified, the program uses the type speci-
fied in the <b>database</b><i>_</i><b>type</b> configuration parameter;
if no input file is specified, the program pro-
cesses the file(s) specified with the
<b>alias</b><i>_</i><b>database</b> configuration parameter. This mode
of operation is implemented by running the <b>postal-</b>
<b>ias</b>(1) command.
Note: it may take a minute or so before an alias
database update becomes visible. Use the <b>postfix</b>
<b>reload</b> command to eliminate this delay.
These and other features can be selected by specifying the
appropriate combination of command-line options. Some fea-
tures are controlled by parameters in the <b>main.cf</b>
1
SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
configuration file.
The following options are recognized:
<b>-B</b> <i>body_type</i> (ignored)
The message body MIME type. Currently, Postfix
implements <b>just-send-eight</b>.
<b>-C</b> <i>config_file</i> (ignored :-)
The path name of the <b>sendmail.cf</b> file. Postfix con-
figuration files are kept in <b>/etc/postfix</b>.
<b>-F</b> <i>full_name</i>
Set the sender full name. This is used only with
messages that have no <b>From:</b> message header.
<b>-I</b> Initialize alias database. See the <b>newaliases</b> com-
mand above.
<b>-N</b> <i>dsn</i> (ignored)
Delivery status notification control. Currently,
Postfix does not implement <b>DSN</b>.
<b>-R</b> <i>return_limit</i> (ignored)
Limit the size of bounced mail. Use the
<b>bounce</b><i>_</i><b>size</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b> configuration parameter instead.
<b>-X</b> <i>log_file</i> (ignored)
Log mailer traffic. Use the <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b> and
<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b> configuration parameters instead.
<b>-U</b> (ignored)
Initial user submission.
<b>-bd</b> Go into daemon mode. This mode of operation is
implemented by executing the <b>postfix</b> <b>start</b> command.
<b>-bi</b> Initialize alias database. See the <b>newaliases</b> com-
mand above.
<b>-bm</b> Read mail from standard input and arrange for
delivery. This is the default mode of operation.
<b>-bp</b> List the mail queue. See the <b>mailq</b> command above.
<b>-bs</b> Stand-alone SMTP server mode. Read SMTP commands
from standard input, and write responses to stan-
dard output. This mode of operation is implemented
by running the <a href="smtpd.8.html"><b>smtpd</b>(8)</a> daemon.
<b>-f</b> <i>sender</i>
Set the envelope sender address. This is the
address where delivery problems are sent to, unless
the message contains an <b>Errors-To:</b> message header.
2
SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
<b>-h</b> <i>hop_count</i> (ignored)
Hop count limit. Use the <b>hopcount</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b> configura-
tion parameter instead.
<b>-i</b> When reading a message from standard input, don't
treat a line with only a <b>.</b> character as the end of
input.
<b>-m</b> (ignored)
Backwards compatibility.
<b>-n</b> (ignored)
Backwards compatibility.
<b>-oA</b><i>alias_database</i>
Non-default alias database. Specify <i>pathname</i> or
<i>type</i>:<i>pathname</i>. See <a href="postalias.1.html"><b>postalias</b>(1)</a> for details.
<b>-o7</b> (ignored)
<b>-o8</b> (ignored)
The message body type. Currently, Postfix imple-
ments <b>just-send-eight</b>.
<b>-oi</b> When reading a message from standard input, don't
treat a line with only a <b>.</b> character as the end of
input.
<b>-om</b> (ignored)
The sender is never eliminated from alias etc.
expansions.
<b>-o</b> <i>x</i> <i>value</i> (ignored)
Set option <i>x</i> to <i>value</i>. Use the equivalent configu-
ration parameter in <b>main.cf</b> instead.
<b>-r</b> <i>sender</i>
Set the envelope sender address. This is the
address where delivery problems are sent to, unless
the message contains an <b>Errors-To:</b> message header.
<b>-q</b> Flush the mail queue. This is implemented by kick-
ing the <a href="qmgr.8.html"><b>qmgr</b>(8)</a> daemon.
<b>-q</b><i>interval</i> (ignored)
The interval between queue runs. Use the
<b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>run</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b> configuration parameter instead.
<b>-t</b> Extract recipients from message headers. This
requires that no recipients be specified on the
command line.
<b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Mul-
tiple <b>-v</b> options make the software increasingly
3
SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
verbose.
<b>SECURITY</b>
By design, this program is not set-user (or group) id.
However, it must handle data from untrusted users or
untrusted machines. Thus, the usual precautions need to
be taken against malicious inputs.
<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
Problems are logged to <b>syslogd</b>(8) and to the standard
error stream.
<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
<b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>CONFIG</b>
Directory with Postfix configuration files.
<b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>VERBOSE</b>
Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes.
<b>MAIL</b><i>_</i><b>DEBUG</b>
Enable debugging with an external command, as spec-
ified with the <b>debugger</b><i>_</i><b>command</b> configuration
parameter.
<b>FILES</b>
/var/spool/postfix, mail queue
/etc/postfix, configuration files
<b>CONFIGURATION</b> <b>PARAMETERS</b>
See the Postfix <b>main.cf</b> file for syntax details and for
default values. Use the <b>postfix</b> <b>reload</b> command after a
configuration change.
<b>alias</b><i>_</i><b>database</b>
Default alias database(s) for <b>newaliases</b>. The
default value for this parameter is system-spe-
cific.
<b>bounce</b><i>_</i><b>size</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>
The amount of original message context that is sent
along with a non-delivery notification.
<b>database</b><i>_</i><b>type</b>
Default alias etc. database type. On many UNIX sys-
tems the default type is either <b>dbm</b> or <b>hash</b>.
<b>debugger</b><i>_</i><b>command</b>
Command that is executed after a Postfix daemon has
initialized.
<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b>
Increment in verbose logging level when a remote
host matches a pattern in the <b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>
parameter.
4
SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>list</b>
List of domain or network patterns. When a remote
host matches a pattern, increase the verbose log-
ging level by the amount specified in the
<b>debug</b><i>_</i><b>peer</b><i>_</i><b>level</b> parameter.
<b>fork</b><i>_</i><b>attempts</b>
Number of attempts to <b>fork</b>() a process before giv-
ing up.
<b>fork</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b>
Delay in seconds between successive <b>fork</b>()
attempts.
<b>hopcount</b><i>_</i><b>limit</b>
Limit the number of <b>Received:</b> message headers.
<b>mail</b><i>_</i><b>owner</b>
The owner of the mail queue and of most Postfix
processes.
<b>command</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
Directory with Postfix support commands (default:
<b>$program</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>).
<b>daemon</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
Directory with Postfix daemon programs (default:
<b>$program</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>).
<b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>directory</b>
Top-level directory of the Postfix queue. This is
also the root directory of Postfix daemons that run
chrooted.
<b>queue</b><i>_</i><b>run</b><i>_</i><b>delay</b>
The time between successive scans of the deferred
queue.
<b>SEE</b> <b>ALSO</b>
<a href="pickup.8.html">pickup(8)</a> mail pickup daemon
<a href="postalias.1.html">postalias(1)</a> maintain alias database
<a href="postdrop.1.html">postdrop(1)</a> privileged posting agent
<a href="postfix.1.html">postfix(1)</a> mail system control
<a href="postkick.1.html">postkick(1)</a> kick a Postfix daemon
<a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a> queue manager
<a href="showq.8.html">showq(8)</a> list mail queue
<a href="smtpd.8.html">smtpd(8)</a> SMTP server
syslogd(8) system logging
<b>LICENSE</b>
The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
software.
5
SENDMAIL(1) SENDMAIL(1)
<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
6
</pre> </body> </html>
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