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/*
Copyright (c) 1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2004,2006,2007,2008
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Steve Rozen
(http://purl.com/STEVEROZEN/), Andreas Untergasser and Helen Skaletsky.
All rights reserved.
This file is part of the primer3 suite and libraries.
The primer3 suite and libraries are free software;
you can redistribute them and/or modify them under the terms
of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at
your option) any later version.
This software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this software (file gpl-2.0.txt in the source
distribution); if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
OWNERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef _OLIGO_TM
#define _OLIGO_TM 1
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
#define OLIGOTM_ERROR -999999.9999
/* Return the delta G of the last len bases of oligo if oligo is at least len
bases long; otherwise return the delta G of oligo. */
double end_oligodg(const char *oligo, int len, int tm_method);
/* Calculate the melting temperature of substr(seq, start, length) using the
formula from Bolton and McCarthy, PNAS 84:1390 (1962) as presented in
Sambrook, Fritsch and Maniatis, Molecular Cloning, p 11.46 (1989, CSHL
Press).
Tm = 81.5 + 16.6(log10([Na+])) + .41*(%GC) - 600/length
Where [Na+] is the molar sodium concentration, (%GC) is the percent of Gs
and Cs in the sequence, and length is the length of the sequence.
A similar formula is used by the prime primer selection program in GCG
(http://www.gcg.com), which instead uses 675.0 / length in the last term
(after F. Baldino, Jr, M.-F. Chesselet, and M.E. Lewis, Methods in
Enzymology 168:766 (1989) eqn (1) on page 766 without the mismatch and
formamide terms). The formulas here and in Baldino et al. assume Na+ rather
than K+. According to J.G. Wetmur, Critical Reviews in BioChem. and
Mol. Bio. 26:227 (1991) 50 mM K+ should be equivalent in these formulae to .2
M Na+.
This function takes salt_conc to be the millimolar (mM) concentration,
since mM is the usual units in PCR applications.
*/
double long_seq_tm(const char *seq,
int start,
int length,
double salt_conc,
double divalent_conc,
double dntp_conc);
/*
For olgigotm() and seqtm()
Both functions return the melting temperature of the given oligo
calculated as specified by user, but oligotm _should_ only be used on
DNA sequences of length <= MAX_PRIMER_LENGTH (which is defined
elsewhere). seqtm uses oligotm for sequences of length <=
MAX_PRIMER_LENGTH, and a different, G+C% based formula for longer
sequences. For oligotm(), no error is generated on sequences
longer than MAX_PRIMER_LENGTH, but the formula becomes less
accurate as the sequence grows longer. Caveat emptor.
We use the folowing typedefs:
*/
typedef enum tm_method_type {
breslauer_auto = 0,
santalucia_auto = 1,
} tm_method_type;
typedef enum salt_correction_type {
schildkraut = 0,
santalucia = 1,
owczarzy = 2,
} salt_correction_type;
/*
If tm_method==santalucia_auto, then the table of
nearest-neighbor thermodynamic parameters and method for Tm
calculation in the paper [SantaLucia JR (1998) "A unified view of
polymer, dumbbell and oligonucleotide DNA nearest-neighbor
thermodynamics", Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:1460-65
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.4.1460] is used.
*THIS IS THE RECOMMENDED VALUE*.
If tm_method==breslauer_auto, then method for Tm
calculations in the paper [Rychlik W, Spencer WJ and Rhoads RE
(1990) "Optimization of the annealing temperature for DNA
amplification in vitro", Nucleic Acids Res 18:6409-12
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=2243783].
and the thermodynamic parameters in the paper [Breslauer KJ, Frank
R, Blcker H and Marky LA (1986) "Predicting DNA duplex stability
from the base sequence" Proc Natl Acad Sci 83:4746-50
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.83.11.3746], are is used. This is
the method and the table that primer3 used up to and including
version 1.0.1
If salt_corrections==schildkraut, then formula for
salt correction in the paper [Schildkraut, C, and Lifson, S (1965)
"Dependence of the melting temperature of DNA on salt
concentration", Biopolymers 3:195-208 (not available on-line)] is
used. This is the formula that primer3 used up to and including
version 1.0.1.
If salt_corrections==santalucia, then formula for
salt correction suggested by the paper [SantaLucia JR (1998) "A
unified view of polymer, dumbbell and oligonucleotide DNA
nearest-neighbor thermodynamics", Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:1460-65
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.4.1460] is used.
*THIS IS THE RECOMMENDED VALUE*.
If salt_corrections==owczarzy, then formula for
salt correction in the paper [Owczarzy, R., Moreira, B.G., You, Y.,
Behlke, M.A., and Walder, J.A. (2008) "Predicting stability of DNA
duplexes in solutions containing magnesium and monovalent cations",
Biochemistry 47:5336-53 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi702363u] is used.
*/
double oligotm(const char *seq, /* The sequence. */
double dna_conc, /* DNA concentration (nanomolar). */
double salt_conc, /* Salt concentration (millimolar). */
double divalent_conc, /* Concentration of divalent cations (millimolar) */
double dntp_conc, /* Concentration of dNTPs (millimolar) */
tm_method_type tm_method, /* See description above. */
salt_correction_type salt_corrections /* See description above. */
);
/* Return the melting temperature of a given sequence, 'seq', of any
length.
*/
double seqtm(const char *seq, /* The sequence. */
double dna_conc, /* DNA concentration (nanomolar). */
double salt_conc, /* Concentration of divalent cations (millimolar). */
double divalent_conc, /* Concentration of divalent cations (millimolar) */
double dntp_conc, /* Concentration of dNTPs (millimolar) */
int nn_max_len, /* The maximum sequence length for
using the nearest neighbor model
(as implemented in oligotm. For
sequences longer than this, seqtm
uses the "GC%" formula implemented
in long_seq_tm.
*/
tm_method_type tm_method, /* See description above. */
salt_correction_type salt_corrections /* See description above. */
);
/* Return the delta G of disruption of oligo using the nearest neighbor model.
The length of seq should be relatively short,
given the characteristics of the nearest
neighbor model.
*/
double oligodg(const char *seq,
int tm_method /* See description above. */
);
/* Returns 1 if the sequence is self-complementary or symmetrical; 0
otherwise
*/
int symmetry(const char *seq);
/* Converts divalent salt concentration to monovalent salt concentration */
double divalent_to_monovalent(double divalent, double dntp);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif
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