File: ps2eps.sgml

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<!doctype refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN" [
  <!-- $Id: ps2eps.sgml,v 1.9 2010-05-07 19:56:27 bless Exp $ -->
  <!-- $Source: /home/bless/src/ps2eps/cvs-repository/ps2eps/doc/ps2eps.sgml,v $ -->
  <!-- Fill in your name for FIRSTNAME and SURNAME. -->
  <!ENTITY dhfirstname "<firstname>Roland</firstname>">
  <!ENTITY dhsurname   "<surname>Bless</surname>">
  <!-- Please adjust the date whenever revising the manpage. -->
  <!ENTITY dhdate      "<date>May 7, 2010</date>">
  <!-- SECTION should be 1-8, maybe w/ subsection other parameters are
       allowed: see man(7), man(1). -->
  <!ENTITY dhsection   "<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>">
  <!ENTITY dhemail     "<email>roland at bless.de</email>">
  <!ENTITY dhusername  "Roland Bless">
  <!ENTITY dhucpackage "<refentrytitle>ps2eps</refentrytitle>">
  <!ENTITY dhpackage   "ps2eps">
  <!ENTITY ps2eps      "<command>ps2eps</command>">
  <!ENTITY ps2epsver   "1.68">
  <!ENTITY gs          "ghostscript">


  <!ENTITY debian      "<productname>Debian</productname>">
  <!ENTITY gnu         "<acronym>GNU</acronym>">
  <!ENTITY gpl         "&gnu; <acronym>GPL</acronym>">
]>

<refentry>
  <refentryinfo>
    <address>
      &dhemail;
    </address>
    <author>
      &dhfirstname;
      &dhsurname;
    </author>
    <copyright>
      <year>2009</year>
      <holder>&dhusername;</holder>
    </copyright>
    &dhdate;
  </refentryinfo>
  <refmeta>
    &dhucpackage;

    &dhsection;
  </refmeta>
  <refnamediv>
    <refname>&dhpackage;</refname>
    <refpurpose>
      convert PostScript to EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) files
    </refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>
  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      &ps2eps;
      <arg><option>-f</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-q</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-N</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-O</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-n</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-P</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-c</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-C</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-m</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-B</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-E</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-s <replaceable>pagedim</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-t <replaceable>offset</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-r <replaceable>resolution</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-R <replaceable>+|-|^</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-l</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-g</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-H</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-d</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-h|--help</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-a</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-W</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-L</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-V|--version</option></arg>
      <arg><option>--</option></arg>
      <arg><replaceable>psfile1</replaceable></arg>
      <arg><replaceable>psfile2</replaceable></arg>
      <arg><replaceable>...</replaceable></arg>

    </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>
  <refsect1>
    <title>DESCRIPTION</title>

    <para>This manual page documents &ps2eps; version &ps2epsver;.</para>

    <para>&ps2eps; is a tool (written in Perl) to produce 
      Encapsulated PostScript Files (EPS/EPSF) from usual one-paged Postscript
      documents. It calculates correct Bounding Boxes for those EPS files and
      filters some special postscript command sequences that can produce
      erroneous results on printers. EPS files are often needed for including
      (scalable) graphics of high quality into TeX/LaTeX (or even Word) documents.
    </para>

    <para>Without any argument, ps2eps reads from standard input
      and writes to standard output.
      If filenames are given as arguments they are processed
      one by one and output files are written to filenames
      with extension <filename>.eps</filename>. If input filenames have the 
      extension <filename>.ps</filename> or <filename>.prn</filename>, this extension is replaced with <filename>.eps</filename>.
      In all other cases <filename>.eps</filename> is appended to the input filename.
      Please note that PostScript files for input should contain
      only one single page (you can possibly use the <command>psselect</command> from the
      psutils package to extract a single page from a document that
      contains multiple pages).</para>

    <para>
      If BoundingBox in output seems to be wrong, please try options <option>--size</option> or
      <option>--ignoreBB</option>. See also section TROUBLESHOOTING. <!-- <xref -->
      <!-- linkend="TROUBLESHOOTING" endterm="TROUBLESHOOTING.title"/> -->
    </para>

  </refsect1>
  <refsect1>
    <title>OPTIONS</title>

    <para>
      &ps2eps; follows the usual &gnu; command line syntax,
      with long options starting with two dashes (`-').  A summary of
      options is included below.
    </para>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Show summary of options.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-V</option>, <option>--version</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Show version of program.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-f</option>, <option>--force</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Force overwriting existing files. &ps2eps; 
	  will not overwrite files by default to avoid deleting original EPS
	  files accidently.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>quiet operation (no output while processing files, except errors).</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-N</option>, <option>--noinsert</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>do not insert any postscript code. Normally a few postscript
	    instructions are added around the original postscript code by
	    &ps2eps; which can be turned off by this option.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-O</option>, <option>--preserveorientation</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>do not filter %%Orientation: header comment.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-n</option>, <option>--nofix</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>do not try to fix postscript code by filtering some instructions.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-P</option>, <option>--removepreview</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>remove preview image (smaller file, but no preview anymore).</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-F</option>, <option>--fixps</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>fix postscript code unconditionally. Otherwise, filtering is
	    usually triggered by detection of certain drivers only.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-c</option>, <option>--comments</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>preserve document structure comments.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-C</option>, <option>--clip</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>insert postscript code for clipping. Unless
	    <option>--nohires</option> is specified, the HiResBoundingBox
	    (enlarged by 0.1 points) is used for clipping. </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-m</option>, <option>--mono</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>use black/white bitmap as base for calculation (default: off).</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-s</option>, <option>--size</option>=<varname>pagedim</varname>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>where <varname>pagedim</varname> is a pre-defined standard page size
	  (e.g., a4,a0,b0,letter,...) or explicitly specified in a 
	  format <varname>pagedim</varname>:=<replaceable>X</replaceable>x<replaceable>Y</replaceable>[cm|in],
          where <replaceable>X</replaceable> and <replaceable>Y</replaceable> are numbers (floating points are accepted) followed by
	  units centimeter (cm) or inch (in), (default: cm). 
	  Use <option>--size=list</option> to list pre-defined pagesizes. 
	  See also environment variable <varname>PS2EPS_SIZE</varname>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-t</option>, <option>--translate=x,y</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>specify an x,y offset (may be negative) in postscript points
	    (1/72 dpi) for drawing. This option may be required
	    if your drawing has negative coordinates which usually lets &gs; 
	    cut the negative part of your picture, because it starts to render
	    at positive coordinates. The resulting output will
	    also be shifted.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-r</option>, <option>--resolution=dpi</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>specify a resolution in dpi (dots per inch) for drawing under
            ghostscript. Default
	    resolution is 144 dpi which is the double of the typical 72 dpi.
	    This option may help if there is a hardware dependent resolution
            encoded in the postscript, e.g., 600dpi. Example:
            <userinput>ps2eps -l -r 600 test.ps</userinput>
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-R</option>, <option>--rotate=direction</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
	    This option rotates the resulting EPS output. 
	    The parameter <varname>direction</varname> determines the direction of
	    rotation: + means +90 degrees (clockwise),- means -90 degrees
	    (counter-clockwise), and  ^ means 180 degrees (up-side down).
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-l</option>, <option>--loose</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>expand the original tight bounding box by one point in each
            direction.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-B</option>, <option>--ignoreBB</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>do not use existing bounding box as page size for
            rendering.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-E</option>, <option>--ignoreEOF</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>do not use %%EOF as hint for end of file. Otherwise, &ps2eps; assumes
	     that postscript code ends after the last %%EOF comment, because
	    some drivers add trailing binary <quote>garbage</quote> code which gets deleted 
	    by &ps2eps; by default. 
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-g</option>, <option>--gsbbox</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>use internal bbox device of &gs; instead of the external C
	  program <command>bbox</command>. The internal bbox device of &gs;
	  generates different values (sometimes even incorrect), 
	  so using the provided <command>bbox</command> should be more robust.
	  See also environment variable <varname>PS2EPS_GSBBOX</varname>.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-H</option>, <option>--nohires</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
	    do not generate a %%HiResBoundingBox comment for output.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-a</option>, <option>--accuracy</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
	  <para>
	    increase the accuracy by turning subsample antialiasing on (may be slower) 
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-L</option>, <option>--license</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>show licensing information.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-d</option>, <option>--debuggs</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>show &gs; call. This may be helpful for solving problems that
	    occur during a &gs; call.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><option>-W</option>, <option>--warnings</option>
        </term>
        <listitem>
          <para>show warnings about sanity of generated EPS file. Certain
	    postscript commands should not be contained in an EPS file.
	    With this option set &ps2eps; will issue a warning if it 
	    detects at least one of them.
	  </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1 id="TROUBLESHOOTING">
    <title id="TROUBLESHOOTING.title">TROUBLESHOOTING</title>

    <para>Based on the given postscript source code (in most cases generated by
      some postscript printer driver) there are many potential obstacles or
      problems that may occur when trying to create proper EPS files. Please
      read this section carefully to be aware of common pitfalls.</para>

    <refsect2>
        <title>Incomplete/Clipped Images</title>
	
        <para>or how to determine the right size for &gs;.</para>

	<para>If you have documents that are larger than your
	&gs; default (usually A4 or US letter), you have to
	specify the page dimensions explicitly using the 
	<option>-s</option> option. Otherwise your EPS
	might be cut off during rasterizing by &gs; resulting
	in a wrongly calculated bounding box. You can pass 
        all pre-defined page sizes to <option>-s</option> that &gs; understands. These are
	currently: 11x17, ledger, legal, letter, lettersmall, archA, archB, archC, archD, archE
	a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10, isob0, isob1, isob2, isob3, isob4, isob5, isob6, 
	b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, c0, c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, jisb0, jisb1,
	jisb2, jisb3, jisb4, jisb5, jisb6, flsa, flse, halfletter.
	Unfortunately, all sizes are currently only available in portrait
	orientation (not landscape).
	</para>

	<para>
	By default, &ps2eps; uses an already given %%BoundingBox
	from the source file, which often corresponds to the size of
	the physical page format for which the document was
	printed. However, you should be aware that this already
	specified bounding box may be not correct, thus resulting in a
	wrongly cropped (or even no usable) <filename>.eps</filename>-file. 
	&ps2eps; can only do as good as &gs; does in rendering the original
	postscript file (though &ps2eps; even works with negative and
	fractional values are contained in the original bounding box by using
	automatic translation). Therefore, if the given bounding box is to
	small or incorrect anyway, you can ignore the existing bounding box with the <option>-B</option>
	option, which will cause &gs; to use its internal
	default size (or use <option>-s</option>). However, if the
	BoundingBox has negative coordinates, which is not allowed by
	the specification, &ps2eps; will shift the output to positive values.
	</para>

	<para>Hint: to avoid rotating the picture
	if you have the original drawing in landscape format, you may
	use the <quote>Encapsulated Postscript</quote> option in the printer driver
	which should generate an EPS file (but with a bounding box of
	the sheet size!). But some Windows printer drivers are drawing
	the image with an offset from the bottom of the portrait page,
	so that a part of it is drawn outside the landscape oriented
	page.  In this case, you'll have to specify a square size of
	the page using the maximum length, e.g., 29.7cm x 29.7cm for
	an A4 page.</para>

    </refsect2>

    <refsect2>
    <title>Clipping</title>

    <para>or why gets some of my text deleted above the included <filename>.eps</filename> file?</para>

    <para>
    Some postscript drivers draw a white rectangle from the top left
    corner of the page to the right lower corner of the object. This may
    erase some or even all text above your imported/included EPS file,
    which is very annoying. In order to prevent this, most programs have a
    clipping option for imported <filename>.eps</filename> files (within LaTeX you can use
    \includegraphics*{}) for this purpose. If this is unfortunately not
    the case, you can use the <option>-C</option> option of &ps2eps; which will (hopefully)
    do it for you. Unfortunately, PScript.dll 5.2 (Windows XP) introduced
    new very badly behaving Postscript code (initclip) which will even
    override the outer clipping! Thus, a new filter had to be installed
    in &ps2eps; which will fix it.
    </para>

    <para>
    However, because most programs clip directly on the bounding box,
    you still may loose some pixels of your image, because the bounding
    box is described in the coarse resolution of postscript points,
    i.e. 72 dpi.  In order to prevent this, you can use the <option>-l</option>
    option or <option>-C</option> option (for the latter, clipping by the importing program
    should be disabled then) to allow for a 1 point larger bounding box.
    <option>-C</option> clips around a 1 point enlarged bounding box and <option>-l</option> enlarges the
    bounding box values by 1 point (you can also combine both options).
    </para>
    </refsect2>

    <refsect2>
    <title>Included Filters</title> 
    <para>
    Some postscript sequences, e.g., for using specific printer
    features (featurebegin ...), are not working well within an <filename>.eps</filename>
    file, so &ps2eps; tries to filter them out. But please note that
    filters for postscript code may not work properly for your printer
    driver (&ps2eps; was mainly tested with HP and Adobe printer
    drivers, although it may work for all printers using the
    PScript.dll). In this case you can try to turn of filtering by
    using option <option>-n</option>, or try to find the bad sequence in the postscript
    code and adapt the filter rule in the &ps2eps; script (variables
    $linefilter, $rangefilter_begin, $rangefilter_end; linefilter is
    an expression for filtering single lines, rangefilter_... are
    expressions that filter all lines between a pattern matching
    $rangefilter_begin and $rangefilter_end; drop me an e-mail with
    your modifications). However, things may change as the printer
    drivers (e.g., PScript.dll) or postscript language evolve.
    </para>


    <para>
    Some applications or drivers generate postscript code with leading
    or trailing binary code, which often confuses older postscript
    interpreters. &ps2eps; tries to remove such code, but it may
    sometimes make a wrong guess about start and end of the real
    postscript code (drop me an e-mail with a zipped postscript
    source, see section BUGS). <!--<xref linkend="BUGS" --> <!--endterm="BUGS.title"/>-->
    </para>

    <para>Comment lines or even blank lines are removed
    (which is the default to make .eps files smaller), which may corrupt your
	output. Please check the next section how to fix this.
    &ps2eps; removes blank lines and also &lt;CR&gt; (carriage ceturn
    <quote>\r</quote>) at the end of lines. However, nicely formatted postscript code
    gives a hint by using <quote>%%BeginBinary</quote> <quote>%%EndBinary</quote> comments. When
    &ps2eps; detects these comments it will refrain from any filtering
    action within the marked binary sections.
    </para>

    <para>
    &ps2eps; filters also %%Orientation: comments by
    default (you can use option <option>-O</option> to turn off filtering),
    because &gs; may <quote>automagically</quote> rotate images when generating PDF 
    images, which is not desired in most cases. Hint: you can turn off that
    feature in &gs; unconditionally by specifying -dAutoRotatePages=/None.
    </para>

    </refsect2>

    <refsect2>
    <title>Corrupted Output</title> 

    <para>
    Some postscript code may get corrupted when comment lines or even blank 
    lines are removed (which is the default to make .eps files smaller), 
    because those files may contain encoded images
    which also have a % as first character in a line or use a special
    comment as end of image delimiter. If this is the case, use the <option>-c</option>
    option to prevent filtering comments.
    </para>

    </refsect2>


  <refsect2>
    <title>Color and memory</title>
      <para>&ps2eps; supports colored postscript, consequently
	letting &gs; consume more resources for drawing its bitmap
	(roughly 6MBytes for an A4 page). <command>bbox</command> is reading
	the bitmap line by line so it consumes only minimal memory. If you experience problems
	with memory consumption of &gs;, you may use the <option>-m</option> option
	for using a monochrome image. But this will probably result in wrongly
	determined bounding boxes with colored
	images, because &gs; has to do black/white dithering and may thus suppress
	objects drawn in light colors.</para>

      <para>Another option in case of memory problems and too long run times
      is to use the much more memory efficient internal &gs bbox by using the
      <option>-g</option> option.
      </para>
  </refsect2>

  </refsect1>


  <refsect1>
    <title>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</title>

    <para>Please note that a command line option always takes precedence over
    the related environment variable.</para>

    <para>The environment variable <varname>PS2EPS_SIZE</varname> can be used
    to specify a default page size and take any argument that
    <option>--size</option> accepts.  Examples: <userinput>export PS2EPS_SIZE=a0</userinput> (bash-like syntax)
	    or <userinput>setenv PS2EPS_SIZE letter</userinput> (csh syntax). </para>

    <para>If the environment variable <varname>PS2EPS_GSBBOX</varname> is set
    the internal bbox device of &gs; will be used instead of the external 
    command <command>bbox</command>. Examples: <userinput>export PS2EPS_GSBBOX=true</userinput>  (bash-like syntax)
	    or <userinput>setenv PS2EPS_GSBBOX 1</userinput> (csh syntax).</para>
  </refsect1>


  <refsect1>
    <title>EXAMPLES</title>

    <para>The usual call is simply:
      <userinput>ps2eps -l <replaceable>file</replaceable></userinput></para>
    <para>A relatively failsafe call would be (if your postscript is smaller
      than iso b0 [100cm x 141.4cm] and you have a fast computer with enough memory):
      <userinput>ps2eps -l -B -s b0 -c -n <replaceable>file</replaceable></userinput></para>
    <para>If output is not correct try:
          <userinput>ps2eps -l -B -s b0 -F <replaceable>file</replaceable></userinput> </para>
  </refsect1>


  <refsect1>
    <title>AUTHOR</title>

    <para>&ps2eps; was written by &dhusername;. </para>

    <refsect2>
    <title>WHY?</title>
    <para>
      Other programs like <command>ps2epsi</command> do not calculate the
      bounding box always correctly (because the values are put on the
      postscript stack which may get corrupted by bad postscript code) or
      rounded it off so that clipping the EPS cut off some part of the
      image. &ps2eps; uses a double precision resolution 
      of 144 dpi and appropriate rounding to get a proper bounding 
      box. The internal bbox device of &gs; generates different values
      (sometimes even incorrect), so using the provided	<command>bbox</command>
	should be more robust.
	However, because normal clipping has only a resolution of 1/72dpi
      (postscript point), the clipping process may still erase parts of your
      EPS image. In this case please use the <option>-l</option> option to add 
      an additional point of white space around the tight bounding box.
    </para>
    </refsect2>

    <refsect2>
    <title>ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</title>

    <para>Some people contributed code or suggestions to improve &ps2eps;. Here
    are at least some names (sorry if I forgot your name):
    Christophe Druet, Hans Ecke, Berend Hasselman, Erik Joergensen, Koji Nakamaru, Hans Fredrik Nordhaug, Michael Sharpe.
    Special thanks goes to Michael Sharpe from UCSD who suggested a lot of useful features for ps2eps and
    who fixed bbox to become more precise and robust.
    </para>

    <para>An earlier version of this manual page was originally written by 
      Rafael Laboissiere <email>rafael at debian.org</email> for
      the &debian; system. Thank you Rafael! </para>
      
      <para>
      Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under
      the terms of the &gnu; Free Documentation
      License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free
      Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover
      Texts and no Back-Cover Texts.</para>

    
    </refsect2>
  </refsect1>


  <refsect1 id="BUGS">
    <title id="BUGS.title">BUGS</title>
    <para>
    If you experience problems, please check carefully all hints in the section 
      TROUBLESHOOTING
    <!-- <xref linkend="TROUBLESHOOTING" endterm="TROUBLESHOOTING.title"/> --> 
    first. Otherwise, check for an updated
    version at <ulink URL="http://www.tm.uka.de/~bless/ps2eps"></ulink>
    or send a gzipped file of
    relevant postscript source code with your error description 
    and &ps2eps; version number to &dhemail; (please allow some time
    to reply).
    </para>
  </refsect1>


  <refsect1>
    <title>SEE ALSO</title>

    <para>bbox (1), gs (1), ps2epsi (1)</para>
  </refsect1>


</refentry>

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