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#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
################################################################################
#
# File: psad (/usr/sbin/psad)
#
# URL: http://www.cipherdyne.org/psad/
#
# Purpose: psad makes use of iptables logs to detect port scans,
# probes for backdoors and DDoS tools, and other suspect traffic
# (many signatures were adapted from the SNORT intrusion
# detection system). Data is provided by parsing syslog
# firewall messages out of /var/log/messages (or wherever syslog
# is configured to write iptables logs to).
#
# For more information read the psad man page or view the
# documentation provided at: http://www.cipherdyne.org/psad/
#
# Author: Michael Rash (mbr@cipherdyne.org)
#
# Credits: (see the CREDITS file bundled with the psad sources.)
#
# Version: 2.4.3
#
# Copyright (C) 1999-2015 Michael Rash (mbr@cipherdyne.org)
#
# Reference: SNORT is a registered trademark of Sourcefire, Inc.
#
# License (GNU Public License):
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307
# USA
#
# TODO: (see the TODO file bundled with the psad sources.)
#
# Default behavior is as follows. Each of these features can be disabled
# with command line arguments:
#
# - passive OS fingerprinting = yes
# - snort rule matching = yes
# - write fw errors to error log = yes
# - daemon mode = yes
# - reverse dns lookups = yes
# - validate firewall rules = yes
# - whois lookups of scanning IPs = yes
# - parse netstat output for local server ports = yes
#
# Coding Style: All configuration variables from psad.conf are stored in
# the %config hash by keys that are in capital letters. This is
# the only place in the code where capital letters will be used in
# variables names. There are several variables with file-scope, and
# these variables are clearly commented near the top of each of the
# psad daemons. Lines are generally limited to 80 characters for easy
# reading.
#
# Scan hash key explanation:
# absnum - Total number of packets from $src to $dst
# tot_protocols - Total number of IP protocols scanned by $src against $dst
# chain - iptables chain under which the scan packets appear in the
# logs.
# s_time - Start time for the first packet seen from src to dst.
# alerted - An alert has been sent.
# pkts - Number of packets (used for signatures and a packet counter
# for the current interval.
# flags - Keeps track of tcp flags.
# sid - Signature tracking
# abs_sp - Absolute starting port.
# abs_ep - Absolute ending port.
# strtp - Starting port.
# endp - Ending port.
#
# Sample iptables log messages:
#
# Sample tcp packet (rejected by iptables... --log-prefix = "DROP ")
#
# Mar 11 13:15:52 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:
# 00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00
# TTL=64 ID=0 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=44847 DPT=35 WINDOW=32304 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
#
# Sample icmp packet rejected by iptables INPUT chain:
#
# Nov 27 15:45:51 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=eth1 OUT= MAC=00:a0:cc:e2:1f:f2:00:
# 20:78:10:70:e7:08:00 SRC=192.168.10.20 DST=192.168.10.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00
# PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=61055 SEQ=256
#
# Sample icmp packet logged through FORWARD chain:
#
# Aug 20 21:23:32 orthanc kernel: SID365 IN=eth2 OUT=eth1 SRC=192.168.20.25
# DST=192.168.10.15 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8
# CODE=0 ID=19467 SEQ=256
#
# Occasionally the kernel klogd ring buffer must become full since log
# entries are sometimes generated by a long port scan like this (note
# there is no 'DPT' field):
#
# Mar 16 23:50:25 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:
# 00:00:00:00:00:08:00 SRC=127.0.0.1 DST=127.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00
# TTL=64 ID=0 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=39935 DINDOW=32304 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
#
# Note on iptables tcp log messages:
#
# iptables reports tcp flags in the following order:
#
# URG ACK PSH RST SYN FIN
#
# Files specification for /var/log/psad/<srcip> directories:
#
# psad creates a new directory "/var/log/psad/<src>" for each new <src>
# from which a scan is detected. Under this directory several files are
# created:
#
# danger_level - Overall danger level aggregated for all scans.
# p0f_guess - Passive OS fingerprint guess for <src>.
# <src/dst>_whois - Whois information for <src> (or <dst> if src
# is a local IP).
# <dst>_email_ctr - Total email alerts sent for <src>.
# <dst>_email_alert - The most recent email alert for <dst>.
# <dst>_packet_ctr - Packet counters for <dst>.
# <dst>_signatures - Signatures detected against <dst>.
#
# Note that some of the files above contain the destination address since a
# single source address may scan several destination addresses.
#
###############################################################################
#
### modules used by psad
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use IO::Socket;
use IO::Select;
use Socket;
use POSIX;
use IO::Handle;
use Data::Dumper;
use Getopt::Long 'GetOptions';
use strict;
### ========================== main =================================
### set the current version
my $version = '2.4.3';
### default config file for psad (can be changed with
### --config switch)
my $config_file = '/etc/psad/psad.conf';
### this will be set to either FW_DATA_FILE, ULOG_DATA_FILE
### or IPT_SYSLOG_FILE
my $fw_data_file = '';
### disable debugging by default
my $debug = 0;
my $debug_sid = 0; ### debug a specific signature
my $flush_fw = 0;
### build the iptables blocking configuration out of the
### IPT_AUTO_CHAIN variable
my @ipt_config = ();
### main configuration hash
my %config = ();
my $override_config_str = '';
### local subnets
my @local_nets = ();
### fw search string array
my @fw_search = ();
### socket for --fw-block
my $ipt_sock = '';
### commands hash
my %cmds = ();
### main psad data structure; contains ips, port ranges,
### protocol info, tcp flags, etc.
my %scan = ();
### cache scan danger levels
my %scan_dl = ();
### cache scan email counters
my %scan_email_ctrs = ();
### cache executions of external script (only used if
### ENABLE_EXT_SCRIPT_EXEC is set to 'Y');
my %scan_ext_exec = ();
### cache p0f-based passive os fingerprinting information
my %p0f = ();
### cache p0f-based passive os fingerprinting signature information
my %p0f_ipv4_sigs = ();
my %p0f_ipv6_sigs = ();
### cache TOS-based passive os fingerprinting information
my %posf = ();
### cache TOS-based passive os fingerprinting signature information
my %posf_sigs = ();
### cache valid icmp types and corresponding codes
my %valid_icmp_types = ();
my %valid_icmp6_types = ();
### Cache snort rule messages unless --no-snort-sids switch was
### given. This is only useful if iptables includes rules
### that log things like "SID123". "fwsnort"
### (http://www.cipherdyne.org/fwsnort/) will automatically
### build such a ruleset from snort signatures.
my %fwsnort_sigs = ();
### Cache snort classification.config file for class priorities
my %snort_class_dl = ();
### Cache any individual Snort rule priority definitions from
### the snort_rule_dl file
my %snort_rule_dl = ();
### Cache Snort rule reference configuration
my %snort_ref_baseurl = ();
### cache all scan signatures from /etc/psad/signatures file
my %sigs = ();
my %sig_search = ();
my %sig_ip_objs = ();
### cache iptables prefixes
my %ipt_prefixes = ();
### ignore ports
my %ignore_ports = ();
### ignore protocols
my %ignore_protocols = ();
### ignore interfaces
my %ignore_interfaces = ();
### data array used for dshield.org logs
my @dshield_data = ();
### track the last time we sent an alert to dshield.org
my $last_dshield_alert = '';
### calculate how often a dshield alert will be sent
my $dshield_alert_interval = '';
### dshield stats counters
my $dshield_email_ctr = 0;
my $dshield_lines_ctr = 0;
### get the current timezone for dshield (this is calculated
### and re-calculated since the timezone may change).
my $timezone = '';
### get the current year for dshield
my $year = '';
### keep track of how many CHECK_INTERVALS have elapsed; this is
### useful for TOP_SCANS_CTR_THRESHOLD
my $check_interval_ctr = 0;
### track the number of scan IP pairs for MAX_SCAN_IP_PAIRS thresholding
my $scan_ip_pairs = 0;
### %auto_dl holds all ip addresses that should automatically
### be assigned a danger level (or ignored).
my %auto_dl = ();
my %auto_dl_ip_objs = ();
my %auto_assigned_msg = ();
my $PERMANENT = 0;
### cache the source ips that we have automatically blocked
### (if ENABLE_AUTO_IDS == 'Y')
my %auto_blocked_ips = ();
### counter to check psad iptables chains and jump rules
my $iptables_prereq_check = 0;
### cache the addresses we have issued dns lookups against.
my %dns_cache = ();
### cache the addresses we have executed whois lookups against.
my %whois_cache = ();
### cache ports the local machine is listening on (periodically
### updated by get_listening_ports()).
my %local_ports = ();
### cache the ip addresses associated with each interface on the
### local machine.
my %local_ips = ();
### Top attacking statistics
my %top_tcp_ports = ();
my %top_udp_ports = ();
my %top_udplite_ports = ();
my %top_sigs = ();
my %sig_sources = ();
my %top_sig_counts = ();
my %top_packet_counts = ();
my %local_src = ();
### regex to match IP addresses
my $ipv4_re = qr|(?:[0-2]?\d{1,2}\.){3}[0-2]?\d{1,2}|; ### IPv4
### IPv6 - full version in ip6tables logs
my $ipv6_re = qr|(?:[a-f0-9]{4}:){7}(?:[a-f0-9]{4})|i;
### ttl values are decremented depending on the number of hops
### the packet has taken before it hits the firewall. We will
### assume packets will not jump through more than 20 hops on
### average.
my $max_hops = 20;
### initial set of protocol packet counters (may get expanded through
### things like protocol scan detection)
my %protocols = (
'tcp' => '',
'udp' => '',
'udplite' => '',
'icmp' => '',
'icmp6' => ''
);
my %proto_ctrs = ();
my %protocol_strings = ();
### pid file hash
my %pidfiles = ();
### for the IPTables::ChainMgr module
my %ipt_opts = ();
### initialize and scope some default variables (command
### line args can override some default values)
my $sigs_file = '';
my $posf_file = '';
my $auto_dl_file = '';
my $snort_rules_dir = '';
my $srules_type = '';
my $cmdline_file = '';
my $analyze_mode = 0;
my $analysis_fields = '';
my $analysis_tokens_ar = [];
my $analysis_match_criteria_ar = [];
my $analyze_mode_auto_block = 0;
my $get_next_rule_id = 0;
my $test_mode = 0;
my $syslog_server = 0;
my $kill = 0;
my $restart = 0;
my $restrict_ip = '';
my $restrict_ip_cmdline = '';
my $status_mode = 0;
my $status_ip = '';
my $status_min_dl = 0;
my $status_summary = 0;
my $fw_list_auto = 0;
my $fw_block_ip = '';
my $fw_rm_block_ip = '';
my $fw_del_chains = 0;
my $gnuplot_mode = 0;
my $gnuplot_year = 0;
my $gnuplot_prev_mon = 0;
my $gnuplot_title = '';
my $gnuplot_legend_title = '';
my $gnuplot_grayscale = 0;
my $gnuplot_x_label = '';
my $gnuplot_x_range = '';
my $gnuplot_y_label = '';
my $gnuplot_y_range = '';
my $gnuplot_z_label = '';
my $gnuplot_z_range = '';
my $gnuplot_3d = 0;
my $gnuplot_view = '';
my $gnuplot_sort_style = 'value';
my $gnuplot_graph_style = '';
my $gnuplot_count_type = '';
my $gnuplot_count_element = -1;
my %gnuplot_cache_uniq = ();
my @gnuplot_data = ();
my $gnuplot_data_file = 'psad_iptables.dat';
my $gnuplot_plot_file = 'psad_iptables.gnu';
my $gnuplot_png_file = 'psad_iptables.png';
my $gnuplot_file_prefix = '';
my $gnuplot_template_file = '';
my $store_file = '';
my $gnuplot_interactive = 0;
my $plot_separator = ', '; ### default to CSV format for plot data
my $csv_mode = 0;
my $csv_stdin = 0;
my $csv_fields = '';
my $csv_print_uniq = 0;
my $csv_line_limit = 0;
my $csv_start_line = 0;
my $csv_end_line = 0;
my $csv_regex = '';
my $csv_neg_regex = '';
my $csv_have_timestamp = 0;
my $pkts_from_stdin = 0;
my $dump_ipt_policy = 0;
my $fw_include_ips = 0;
my $benchmark = 0;
my $num_packets = 0;
my $usr1 = 0;
my $hup = 0;
my $usr1_flag = 0;
my $hup_flag = 0;
my $verbose = 0;
my $print_ver = 0;
my $help = 0;
my $dump_conf = 0;
my $download_sigs = 0;
my $chk_interval = 0;
my $log_len = 23; ### used in scan_logr()
my $fw_analyze = 0;
my $fw_file = '';
my $lib_dir = '';
my $rm_data_ctr = 0;
my $analysis_emails = 0;
my $analysis_whois = 0;
my $enable_analysis_dns = 0;
my $netstat_lkup_ctr = 0;
my $kmsgsd_started = 0;
my $warn_msg = '';
my $die_msg = '';
my $skip_first_loop = 1;
my $fw_msg_read_continue = 1;
my $fw_msg_read_do_sleep = 1;
my $fw_read_cmd = '';
my $cmdl_interface = '';
my $analyze_write_data = 0;
my $local_ips_lkup_ctr = 0;
my $num_hash_marks = 76; ### for gnuplot output
my $imported_syslog_module = 0;
my $TRUNCATE = 1;
my $NO_TRUNCATE = 0;
my $s = ''; ### for IO::Select
### these flags are used to disable several features
### in psad if specified from the command line
my $no_snort_sids = 0;
my $no_signatures = 0;
my $no_icmp_types = 0;
my $no_icmp6_types = 0;
my $no_auto_dl = 0;
my $no_posf = 0;
my $no_daemon = 0;
my $no_ipt_errors = 0;
my $no_rdns = 0;
my $no_whois = 0;
my $no_netstat = 0;
my $no_fwcheck = 0;
my $no_kmsgsd = 0;
my $no_email_alerts = 0;
my $no_syslog_alerts = 0;
### tcp option types
my $tcp_nop_type = 1;
my $tcp_mss_type = 2;
my $tcp_win_scale_type = 3;
my $tcp_sack_type = 4;
my $tcp_timestamp_type = 8;
### for EXPECT_TCP_OPTIONS handling
my $found_one_tcp_options_field = 0;
my %tcp_p0f_opt_types = (
'N' => $tcp_nop_type,
'M' => $tcp_mss_type,
'W' => $tcp_win_scale_type,
'S' => $tcp_sack_type,
'T' => $tcp_timestamp_type
);
my %ip_options = ();
### for ICMP
my $ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST = 8;
my $ICMP_ECHO_REPLY = 0;
my $ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST = 128;
my $ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY = 129;
### These are not directly support by psad because they
### do not appear in iptables logs; however, several of
### these options are supported if fwsnort is also running.
my @unsupported_snort_opts = qw(
pcre
fragbits
content-list
rpc
byte_test
byte_jump
distance
within
flowbits
rawbytes
regex
isdataat
uricontent
content
offset
replace
resp
flowbits
ip_proto
); ### the ip_proto keyword could be supported, but would require
### refactoring parse_NF_pkt_str().
### for Snort signature sp/dp matching
my @port_types = (
{'sp' => 'norm', 'dp' => 'norm'},
{'sp' => 'norm', 'dp' => 'neg'},
{'sp' => 'neg', 'dp' => 'norm'},
{'sp' => 'neg', 'dp' => 'neg'},
);
### main packet data structure
my %pkt_NF_init = (
### data link layer
'src_mac' => '',
'dst_mac' => '',
'intf' => '', ### FIXME in and out interfaces?
### network layer
'src' => '',
's_obj' => '',
'dst' => '',
'd_obj' => '',
'proto' => '',
'ip_len' => -1,
'ip_opts' => '', ### v4 or v6
### IPv4
'ip_id' => -1,
'ttl' => -1,
'tos' => '',
'frag_bit' => 0,
### IPv6
'is_ipv6' => 0,
'tc' => -1,
'hop_limit' => -1,
'flow_label' => -1,
### ICMP
'itype' => -1,
'icode' => -1,
'icmp_seq' => -1,
'icmp_id' => -1,
### transport layer
'sp' => -1,
'dp' => -1,
'win' => -1,
'flags' => -1,
'tcp_seq' => -1,
'tcp_ack' => -1,
'tcp_opts' => '',
'udp_len' => -1,
### extra fields for psad internals (DShield reporting, fwsnort
### sid matching, iptables logging prefixes and chains, etc.)
'fwsnort_sid' => 0,
'fwsnort_rnum' => 0,
'fwsnort_estab' => 0,
'is_topera' => 0, ### Topera IPv6 scanner detection, requires --log-ip-options
'is_masscan' => 0, ### Masscan detection, requires --log-tcp-options
'chain' => '',
'log_prefix' => '',
'dshield_str' => '',
'syslog_host' => '',
'timestamp' => ''
);
my %gnuplot_non_digit_packet_fields = (
### 'hashentry' - maps the field to an integer based on whether
### it has been seen before
### 'intf2int' - converts interface number to an integer (e.g. eth0 -> 0)
### 'ip2int' - converts IP address to integer representation
### data link layer
'src_mac' => 'hashentry',
'dst_mac' => 'hashentry',
'intf' => 'intf2int',
### network layer
'src' => 'ip2int',
'dst' => 'ip2int',
'proto' => 'proto2int',
'tos' => 'hashentry',
'ip_opts' => 'hashentry',
'frag_bit' => 'hashentry',
### transport layer
'flags' => 'hashentry',
'tcp_opts' => 'hashentry',
### extra fields for psad internals (DShield reporting, fwsnort
### sid matching, iptables logging prefixes and chains, etc.)
'chain' => 'hashentry',
'log_prefix' => 'hashentry',
'dshield_str' => 'hashentry',
'syslog_host' => 'hashentry',
);
my %gnuplot_non_digit_map = ();
my %ip2int_cache = ();
my %gnuplot_ip2int = ();
my $EXIT_SUCCESS = 0;
my $EXIT_FAILURE = 1;
### packet parsing return values
my $PKT_ERROR = 0;
my $PKT_SUCCESS = 1;
my $PKT_IGNORE = 2;
### icmp header validation
my $BAD_ICMP_TYPE = 1;
my $BAD_ICMP_CODE = 2;
my $SIG_MATCH = 1;
my $NO_SIG_MATCH = 0;
### header lengths
my $TCP_HEADER_LEN = 20; ### excludes options
my $TCP_MAX_OPTS_LEN = 44;
my $UDP_HEADER_LEN = 8;
my $ICMP_HEADER_LEN = 4;
my $IP_HEADER_LEN = 20; ### excludes options
### save a copy of the command line arguments
my @args_cp = @ARGV;
### handle command line args
&getopt_wrapper();
### Everthing after this point must be executed as root (psad
### only needs root if run in auto-blocking mode; should take
### this into account and drop privileges).
&is_root();
### Import all psad configuration and signatures files
### (psad.conf, posf, signatures, psad_icmp_types,
### and auto_dl), and call setup().
&psad_init();
### check to make sure another psad process is not already running.
&unique_pid($config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'});
### get the ip addresses that are local to this machine
&get_local_ips();
### get the current services running on this machine
&get_listening_ports() unless $no_netstat;
### daemonize psad unless running with --no-daemon or an
### analysis mode
unless ($no_daemon or $debug) {
my $pid = fork();
exit 0 if $pid;
die "[*] $0: Couldn't fork: $!" unless defined $pid;
POSIX::setsid() or die "[*] $0: Can't start a new session: $!";
}
### write the current pid associated with psad to the psad pid file
&write_pid($config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'});
### write the command line args used to start psad to $cmdline_file
&write_cmd_line(\@args_cp, $cmdline_file)
unless $debug;
### psad requires that kmsgsd is running to receive any data (unless
### SYSLOG_DAEMON is set to ulogd or psad is configured to acquire data
### from a normal file via IPT_SYSLOG_FILE), so let's start it here for good
### measure (as of 0.9.2 it makes use of the pid files and unique_pid(),
### so we don't have to worry about starting a duplicate copy). While
### we're at it, start psadwatchd as well. Note that this is the best
### place to start the other daemons since we just wrote the psad pid
### to PID_FILE above.
my $cmd = '';
unless ($config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y'
or $no_kmsgsd
or $config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i
or $kmsgsd_started) {
$cmd = $cmds{'kmsgsd'};
$cmd .= " -c $config_file";
$cmd .= " -O $override_config_str"
if $override_config_str;
open KMSGSD, "| $cmd" or die "[*] Could not execute $cmds{'kmsgsd'}";
close KMSGSD;
$kmsgsd_started = 1;
}
unless ($kmsgsd_started) {
my $pid = &is_running($pidfiles{'kmsgsd'});
if ($pid) {
kill 9, $pid unless kill 15, $pid;
}
unlink $pidfiles{'kmsgsd'} if -e $pidfiles{'kmsgsd'};
}
unless ($debug or $no_daemon or $config{'ENABLE_PSADWATCHD'} eq 'N') {
$cmd = $cmds{'psadwatchd'};
$cmd .= " -c $config_file";
$cmd .= " -O $override_config_str"
if $override_config_str;
open PSADWATCHD, "| $cmd" or die "[*] Could not ",
"execute $cmds{'psadwatchd'}";
close PSADWATCHD;
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y') {
### always flush old rules (the subsequent renew_auto_blocked_ips()
### will re-instantiate any that should not have been expired).
&flush_auto_blocked_ips() if $config{'FLUSH_IPT_AT_INIT'} eq 'Y';
### Check to see if psad automatically blocked some IPs from
### a previous run. This feature is most useful for preserving
### auto-block rules for IPs after a reboot or after restarting
### psad. (Note that ENABLE_AUTO_IDS is disabled by psad_init()
### if we are running on a syslog server or if we are running
### in -A mode).
&renew_auto_blocked_ips();
}
### Install signal handlers for debugging %scan with Data::Dumper,
### and for reaping zombie whois processes.
$SIG{'__WARN__'} = \&warn_handler;
$SIG{'__DIE__'} = \&die_handler;
$SIG{'USR1'} = \&usr1_handler;
$SIG{'HUP'} = \&hup_handler;
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y') {
$last_dshield_alert = time() unless $last_dshield_alert;
}
### Initialize current time for disk space checking.
my $last_disk_check = time();
if ($config{'IMPORT_OLD_SCANS'} eq 'Y') {
### import old scans and counters from /var/log/psad/
&import_old_scans();
} elsif ($config{'ENABLE_SCAN_ARCHIVE'} eq 'Y') {
&archive_data();
} else {
&remove_old_scans();
}
### zero out the packet counter file (the counters
### are all zero at this point anyway unless we
### imported old scans).
&write_global_packet_counters();
### zero out prefix counters
&write_prefix_counters();
### zero out dshield alert stats (note we do this here regardless of
### whether DShield alerting is enabled since if it isn't we will
### just zero out the counters).
&write_dshield_stats();
my $fw_data_file_size = -s $fw_data_file;
my $fw_data_file_inode = (stat($fw_data_file))[1];
my $fw_data_file_check_ctr = 0;
### main firewall packets array
my @fw_packets = ();
### Get an open filehandle for the main firewall data file FW_DATA_FILE.
my $fwdata_fh = &open_fw_data();
&get_auto_response_domain_sock()
if $config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y';
###=========================================================###
###### MAIN LOOP ######
###=========================================================###
MAIN: for (;;) {
### for --fw-block <ip>
my @add_ipt_addrs = ();
$fwdata_fh = &hup_re_init($fwdata_fh) if $hup_flag;
&usr1_print_scan() if $usr1_flag;
### allow the contents of the fwdata file to be processed only after
### the first loop has been executed.
if ($skip_first_loop) {
$skip_first_loop = 0;
unless ($config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} eq 'Y') {
seek $fwdata_fh,0,SEEK_END; ### seek to the end of the file
}
next MAIN;
} else {
### Get any new packets have been written to syslog
if ($config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} eq 'Y') {
if ($s->can_read(.5)) {
my $syslog_line = <$fwdata_fh>;
$fwdata_fh->flush();
push @fw_packets, $syslog_line unless $fw_msg_read_continue;
$fw_msg_read_do_sleep = 0;
} else {
$fw_msg_read_continue = 0;
$fw_msg_read_do_sleep = 1;
}
} else {
@fw_packets = <$fwdata_fh>;
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y') {
### get IP from the domain socket
my $ipt_add_connection = $ipt_sock->accept();
if ($ipt_add_connection) {
@add_ipt_addrs = <$ipt_add_connection>;
}
}
}
$fwdata_fh = &fw_data_file_check($fwdata_fh)
unless $config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} eq 'Y';
### sleep for the check interval seconds
if ($config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} eq 'Y') {
if ($fw_msg_read_do_sleep
or (($#fw_packets+1) % $config{'FW_MSG_READ_MIN_PKTS'} == 0)) {
if (@fw_packets) {
### Extract data and summarize scan packets, assign danger
### level, send email/syslog alerts.
&check_scan(\@fw_packets);
}
&post_scan_processing($#fw_packets+1, \@add_ipt_addrs);
@fw_packets = ();
}
unless (&look_for_process(quotemeta($fw_read_cmd))) {
&sys_log("firewall logs read command '$fw_read_cmd' " .
"is not running, restarting");
close $fwdata_fh;
$s->remove($fwdata_fh);
undef $s;
$fwdata_fh = &open_fw_data();
$fw_msg_read_continue = 1;
}
sleep $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'} if $fw_msg_read_do_sleep;
} else {
if (@fw_packets) {
### Extract data and summarize scan packets, assign danger
### level, send email/syslog alerts.
&check_scan(\@fw_packets);
}
&post_scan_processing($#fw_packets+1, \@add_ipt_addrs);
@fw_packets = ();
### clearerr() on the $fwdata_fh file handle to be ready
### for new packets
$fwdata_fh->clearerr();
sleep $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'};
}
$check_interval_ctr++;
$fw_data_file_check_ctr++;
} ### MAIN
### for completeness
close $fwdata_fh;
exit 0;
###=========================================================###
###### END MAIN ######
###=========================================================###
#=================== BEGIN SUBROUTINES ========================
sub post_scan_processing() {
my ($num_packets, $add_ipt_addrs_ar) = @_;
### log top scans data
my $do_log = 0;
if ($config{'TOP_SCANS_CTR_THRESHOLD'} == 0) {
$do_log = 1;
} elsif ($check_interval_ctr % $config{'TOP_SCANS_CTR_THRESHOLD'} == 0) {
$do_log = 1;
}
if ($do_log) {
### log the top port and signature matches
&log_top_scans();
}
### Write the number of tcp/udp/icmp packets out
### to the global packet counters file
&write_global_packet_counters();
### Write out log prefix counters
&write_prefix_counters();
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y') {
### Timeout any auto-blocked IPs that are past due (need to
### check the timeouts against existing IPs in the scan hash
### even if new packets are not found).
&timeout_auto_blocked_ips();
### see if we need to add any IP addresses from the domain
### socket
&check_ipt_cmd($add_ipt_addrs_ar) if $#$add_ipt_addrs_ar > -1;
}
### Send logs to dshield in dshield format
&dshield_email_log() if $config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y';
### Allow disk space utilization checks to be disabled by
### setting DISK_MAX_PERCENTAGE = 0.
if ($config{'DISK_MAX_PERCENTAGE'} > 0
and (time() - $last_disk_check) > $config{'DISK_CHECK_INTERVAL'}) {
$fwdata_fh = &disk_check($fwdata_fh);
}
&check_auto_response_sock()
if $config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y';
¬ifications($num_packets);
### see if we need to timeout any old scans
&scan_timeouts() if $config{'ENABLE_PERSISTENCE'} eq 'N';
return;
}
### Keeps track of scanning ip's, increments packet counters,
### keeps track of tcp flags for each scan, test for snort sid
### values in iptables packets (if fwsnort is being used).
sub check_scan() {
my $fw_packets_ar = shift;
print STDERR "[+] check_scan()...\n" if $debug;
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y') {
### calculate the timezone offset
$timezone = sprintf("%.2d", (Timezone())[3]) . ':00';
$year = This_Year();
}
unless ($no_netstat) {
### we don't expect the list of ports the machine is listening
### on to change very often.
if ($netstat_lkup_ctr == 10) {
&get_listening_ports();
$netstat_lkup_ctr = 0;
}
$netstat_lkup_ctr++;
}
### the local machine ip addresses could change (dhcp, etc.)
### but not that often.
if ($local_ips_lkup_ctr == 30) {
&get_local_ips();
$local_ips_lkup_ctr = 0;
}
$local_ips_lkup_ctr++;
my %curr_scan = ();
my %curr_sigs_dl = ();
my %curr_sids_dl = ();
my @err_pkts = ();
my %auto_block_regex_match = ();
my $pkt_ctr = 0;
my $log_scan_ip_pair_max = 0;
my $print_scale_factor = &get_scale_factor($#$fw_packets_ar);
### loop through all of the packet log messages we have just acquired
### from iptables
PKT: for my $pkt_str (@$fw_packets_ar) {
### main packet data structure
my %pkt = %pkt_NF_init;
if ($analyze_mode) {
$pkt_ctr++;
if ($pkt_ctr % $print_scale_factor == 0) {
print "[+] Processed $pkt_ctr packets...\n";
}
}
### main parsing routine for the iptables packet logging message
my $pkt_parse_rv = &parse_NF_pkt_str(\%pkt, $pkt_str);
print STDERR Dumper \%pkt if $debug and $verbose;
if ($pkt_parse_rv == $PKT_ERROR) {
push @err_pkts, $pkt_str unless $no_ipt_errors;
next PKT;
} elsif ($pkt_parse_rv == $PKT_IGNORE) {
next PKT;
}
if ($analyze_mode and $analysis_fields) {
my ($matched_fields_ar, $gnuplot_comment_str)
= &ipt_match_criteria(\%pkt, $analysis_tokens_ar,
$analysis_match_criteria_ar);
next PKT unless $#$matched_fields_ar > -1;
}
$proto_ctrs{$pkt{'proto'}}++;
$protocols{$pkt{'proto'}} = '';
if ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'tcp') {
$top_tcp_ports{$pkt{'dp'}}++;
} elsif ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'udp') {
$top_udp_ports{$pkt{'dp'}}++;
} elsif ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'udplite') {
$top_udplite_ports{$pkt{'dp'}}++;
}
### If we made it here then we correctly matched packets
### that the firewall logged.
print STDERR "[+] valid packet: $pkt{'src'} ($pkt{'sp'}) -> ",
"$pkt{'dst'} ($pkt{'dp'}) $pkt{'proto'}\n" if $debug;
### see if we have hit the MAX_SCAN_IP_PAIRS threshold
if ($config{'MAX_SCAN_IP_PAIRS'} > 0) {
if ($scan_ip_pairs >= $config{'MAX_SCAN_IP_PAIRS'}) {
unless (defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}
and defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}) {
print STDERR "[-] excluding $pkt{'src'} -> $pkt{'dst'}, ",
"scan IP pairs too high: $scan_ip_pairs\n"
if $debug;
$log_scan_ip_pair_max = 1;
next PKT;
}
}
if (not defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}) {
$scan_ip_pairs++;
} elsif (not defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}) {
$scan_ip_pairs++;
}
}
### track packet counts for this source
$top_packet_counts{$pkt{'src'}}++;
if ($config{'HOME_NET'} ne 'any') {
if ($pkt{'chain'} eq 'INPUT') {
$local_src{$pkt{'dst'}} = '';
} elsif ($pkt{'chain'} eq 'OUTPUT') {
$local_src{$pkt{'src'}} = '';
} elsif ($pkt{'chain'} eq 'FORWARD') {
$local_src{$pkt{'src'}} = ''
if &is_local($pkt{'src'}, $pkt{'s_obj'});
}
}
### initialize the danger level to 0 if it is not already defined
### (note the same source address might have already scanned a
### different destination IP, so the danger level represents the
### aggregate danger level).
unless (defined $scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}}) {
$scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = 0;
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
}
### see if we need to assign a danger level according to the auto_dl
### file. The return value is the auto-assigned danger level (or
### -1 if there is no auto-assigned danger level.
unless ($no_auto_dl) {
my $rv = &assign_auto_danger_level(\%pkt);
print STDERR "[+] assign_auto_danger_level() returned: $rv\n"
if $debug;
if ($rv == 0) {
print STDERR "[+] ignoring $pkt{'src'} $pkt{'proto'} ",
"$pkt{'dp'} scan.\n" if $debug;
next PKT;
}
}
if ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'icmp') {
### validate icmp type and code fields against the official values
### in RFC 792. See %inval_type_code for corresponding signature
### message text and danger levels.
my $type_code_rv = &check_icmp_type(
'icmp', \%valid_icmp_types,
$pkt{'itype'}, $pkt{'icode'});
my $update_dl = 0;
if ($type_code_rv == $BAD_ICMP_TYPE) {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'icmp'}
{'invalid_type'}{$pkt{'itype'}}
{$pkt{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$update_dl = 1;
} elsif ($type_code_rv == $BAD_ICMP_CODE) {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'icmp'}
{'invalid_code'}{$pkt{'itype'}}{$pkt{'icode'}}
{$pkt{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$update_dl = 1;
}
if ($update_dl) {
if (defined $scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}}) {
if ($scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} < 2) {
$scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = 2;
}
} else {
$scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = 2;
}
}
} elsif ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'icmp6') {
### validate icmp6 type and code fields against the official values
### defined by IANA. See %inval_type_code for corresponding signature
### message text and danger levels.
my $type_code_rv = &check_icmp_type(
'icmp6', \%valid_icmp6_types,
$pkt{'itype'}, $pkt{'icode'});
my $update_dl = 0;
if ($type_code_rv == $BAD_ICMP_TYPE) {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'icmp6'}
{'invalid_type'}{$pkt{'itype'}}
{$pkt{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$update_dl = 1;
} elsif ($type_code_rv == $BAD_ICMP_CODE) {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'icmp6'}
{'invalid_code'}{$pkt{'itype'}}{$pkt{'icode'}}
{$pkt{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$update_dl = 1;
}
if ($update_dl) {
if (defined $scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}}) {
if ($scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} < 2) {
$scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = 2;
}
} else {
$scan_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = 2;
}
}
}
unless ($no_snort_sids) {
if ($pkt{'fwsnort_sid'}) {
### found a fwsnort sid in the packet log message
my ($dl, $is_sig_match) = &add_fwsnort_sid(\%pkt);
if ($dl) {
$curr_sids_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = $dl;
} else {
### a signature matched but is supposed
### to be ignored
next PKT if $is_sig_match == $SIG_MATCH;
}
} else {
### attempt to match any tcp/udp/icmp signatures in the
### main signatures hash
unless ($no_signatures) {
my ($dl, $is_sig_match) = &match_sigs(\%pkt);
print STDERR " match_sigs() returned DL: $dl\n"
if $debug and $verbose;
if ($dl) {
$curr_sigs_dl{$pkt{'src'}} = $dl;
} else {
### a signature matched but is supposed
### to be ignored
next PKT if $is_sig_match == $SIG_MATCH;
}
}
}
}
### note that we send this packet data off to DShield regardless
### of whether psad decides that it is associated with a scan so
### that DShield can make its own determination
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and not $benchmark
and not $analyze_mode
and $pkt{'dshield_str'}) {
if ($pkt{'timestamp'} =~ /^\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\S+)/) {
my $m_tmp = $1; ### kludge for Decode_Month() call
my $month = Decode_Month($m_tmp);
my $day = sprintf("%.2d", $2);
my $time_24 = $3;
push @dshield_data, "$year-$month-$day $time_24 " .
"$timezone\t$config{'DSHIELD_USER_ID'}\t1" .
"\t$pkt{'dshield_str'}\n";
}
}
### record the absolute starting time of the scan
unless (defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'s_time'}) {
if ($analyze_mode) {
if ($pkt_str =~ /^(.*?)\s+\S+\s+kernel:/) {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'s_time'}
= &date_time($1);
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /^\s*(\S+\s+\S+\s+\S+)/) {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'s_time'}
= &date_time($1);
} else {
die "[*] Could not extract time from packet: $pkt_str\n",
" Please send a bug report to: ",
"mbr\@cipherdyne.org\n";
}
} else {
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'s_time'} = time();
}
}
### increment hash values
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'absnum'}++;
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'} = 0
unless defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'};
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'}++
unless defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}};
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'chain'}
{$pkt{'chain'}}{$pkt{'intf'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}++;
### keep track of MAC addresses
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'s_mac'} = $pkt{'src_mac'};
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'d_mac'} = $pkt{'dst_mac'};
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'} = 0
unless defined $curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'};
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'}++
unless defined $curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}};
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'pkts'}++;
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}
{$pkt{'proto'}}{'flags'}{$pkt{'flags'}}++ if $pkt{'flags'};
### keep track of which syslog daemon reported the message.
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'syslog_host'}
{$pkt{'syslog_host'}} = '' if $pkt{'syslog_host'};
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'is_topera'} = $pkt{'is_topera'};
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'is_masscan'} = $pkt{'is_masscan'};
if ($pkt{'log_prefix'}) {
### see if the logging prefix matches the blocking
### regex, and if not the IP will not be blocked
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y'
and $config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_REGEX'} eq 'Y'
and $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX'} ne 'NONE') {
### we require a match
if (not defined $auto_block_regex_match{$pkt{'src'}}
and $pkt{'log_prefix'} =~ /$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX'}/) {
$auto_block_regex_match{$pkt{'src'}} = '';
}
}
} else {
$pkt{'log_prefix'} = '*noprfx*';
}
### keep track of iptables chain and logging prefix
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'chain'}
{$pkt{'chain'}}{$pkt{'log_prefix'}}++;
if ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'tcp' or $pkt{'proto'} eq 'udp'
or $pkt{'proto'} eq 'udplite') {
### initialize the start and end port for the scanned port range
if (not defined $curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'strtp'}) {
### make sure the initial start port is not too low
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'strtp'} = 65535;
### make sure the initial end port is not too high
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'endp'} = 0;
}
unless (defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}
and defined $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_sp'}) {
### This is the absolute starting port since the
### first packet was detected. Make sure the initial
### start port is not too low
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_sp'} = 65535;
### make sure the initial end port is not too high
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_ep'} = 0;
}
### see if the destination port lies outside our current range
### and change if needed
($curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'strtp'},
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'endp'}) =
&check_range($pkt{'dp'},
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'strtp'},
$curr_scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'endp'});
($scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_sp'},
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_ep'}) =
&check_range($pkt{'dp'},
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_sp'},
$scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{$pkt{'proto'}}{'abs_ep'});
}
if ($debug and $verbose) {
print STDERR " print Dumper scan hash $pkt{'src'} -> $pkt{'dst'}\n";
print STDERR Dumper $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}};
}
### attempt to passively guess the remote operating
### system based on the ttl, id, len, window, and tos
### fields in tcp syn packets (this technique is based
### on the paper "Passive OS Fingerprinting: Details
### and Techniques" by Toby Miller). Also attempt to
### fingerprint with a re-implementation of Michal Zalewski's
### p0f that only requires iptables log messages
unless ($no_posf) {
### make sure we have not already guessed the OS,
### and if we have been unsuccessful in guessing
### the OS after 100 packets don't keep trying.
if ($pkt{'proto'} eq 'tcp' and $pkt{'flags'} =~ /SYN/) {
if ($pkt{'tcp_opts'}) { ### got the tcp options portion of the header
### p0f based fingerprinting
&p0f(\%pkt);
} elsif (not defined $posf{$pkt{'src'}}{'guess'}
and $scan{$pkt{'src'}}{$pkt{'dst'}}{'absnum'} < 100) {
&posf(\%pkt);
}
}
}
%pkt = ();
}
### write bogus packets to the error log.
if ($benchmark) {
print scalar localtime(), ' [+] Err packets: ' .
($#err_pkts+1) . ".\n";
} else {
&collect_errors(\@err_pkts) unless $no_ipt_errors;
}
### Assign a danger level to the scan
print "[+] Assigning scan danger levels...\n" if $analyze_mode;
&assign_danger_level(\%curr_scan, \%curr_sigs_dl, \%curr_sids_dl);
my $tot_scan_ips = 0;
if ($analyze_mode) {
for (my $dl=1; $dl <= 5; $dl++) {
my $num_ips = 0;
for my $src (keys %curr_scan) {
$num_ips++ if $scan_dl{$src} == $dl;
}
$tot_scan_ips += $num_ips;
print " Level $dl: $num_ips IP addresses\n";
}
print "\n Tracking $tot_scan_ips total IP addresses\n";
}
### display the scan analysis
&print_scan_status() if $analyze_mode;
### log scan data to the filesystem
&scan_logr(\%curr_scan);
### remember that ENABLE_AUTO_IDS may have been set to 'N' if we
### are running on a syslog server, of if we are running in -A mode.
&auto_psad_response(\%curr_scan, \%auto_block_regex_match)
if $config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y'
and (not $analyze_mode or $analyze_mode_auto_block);
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y' and $analyze_mode_auto_block) {
sleep $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'} + 1;
&timeout_auto_blocked_ips();
}
if ($log_scan_ip_pair_max) {
&sys_log("scan IP pairs threshold reached");
}
return;
}
sub parse_NF_pkt_str() {
my ($pkt_hr, $pkt_str) = @_;
my $is_ipv6 = 0;
my $is_tcp = 0;
my $is_udp = 0;
my $is_udplite = 0;
my $is_icmp = 0;
my $is_icmp6 = 0;
my $proto_num = -1;
my $proto_str = '';
my $is_proto_num = 0;
### with ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE enabled, psad sees all sorts of syslog
### messages that aren't just from iptables (kmsgsd is not running
### to filter them), so require a preliminary match
if ($config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y') {
return $PKT_IGNORE unless $pkt_str =~ /IN=.*OUT=/;
}
print STDERR "\n", $pkt_str if $debug;
$pkt_hr->{'raw'} = $pkt_str if $csv_mode or $gnuplot_mode;
### see if there is a logging prefix (used for scan email alert even
### if we are running with FW_SEARCH_ALL = Y). Note that sometimes
### there is a buffering issue in the kernel ring buffer that is used
### to hold the iptables log message, so we want to get only the
### very last possible candidate for the log prefix (this is why the
### "kernel:" string is preceded by .*).
if ($pkt_str =~ /.*kernel:\s+(.*?)\s*IN=/) {
$pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'} =~ s|\[\s*\d+\.\d+\s*\]\s*||
if ($config{'IGNORE_KERNEL_TIMESTAMP'} eq 'Y');
if ($pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'} =~ /\S/) {
if ($config{'IGNORE_LOG_PREFIXES'} ne 'NONE') {
return $PKT_IGNORE if $pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'}
=~ m|$config{'IGNORE_LOG_PREFIXES'}|;
}
$ipt_prefixes{$pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'}}++;
}
}
### get the in/out interface and iptables chain (the code below
### allows the iptables log message to contain the PHYSDEV stuff):
### Feb 25 12:13:27 bridge kernel: INBOUND TCP: IN=br0 PHYSIN=eth0 OUT=br0
### PHYSOUT=eth1 SRC=63.147.183.21 DST=11.11.79.100 LEN=48 TOS=0x00
### PREC=0x00 TTL=113 ID=19664 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=4918 DPT=135 WINDOW=64240
### RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
### Note the lack of whitespace requirement before the IN= interface
### because the logging prefix might not have contained it.
if ($pkt_str =~ /IN=(\S+)\s+PHYSIN=.*?\sOUT=\s/
or $pkt_str =~ /IN=(\S+).*?\sOUT=\s/) {
$pkt_hr->{'intf'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'chain'} = 'INPUT';
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /IN=(\S+)\s+PHYSIN=.*?\sOUT=\S/
or $pkt_str =~ /IN=(\S+).*?\sOUT=\S/) {
$pkt_hr->{'intf'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'chain'} = 'FORWARD';
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /IN=\s+PHYSIN=.*?\sOUT=(\S+)/
or $pkt_str =~ /IN=\s+OUT=(\S+)/) {
$pkt_hr->{'intf'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'chain'} = 'OUTPUT';
}
### -I was used on the command line to require a specific interface
if ($cmdl_interface) {
return $PKT_IGNORE unless $pkt_hr->{'intf'} eq $cmdl_interface;
}
if ($pkt_str =~ /\sMAC=(\S+)/) {
my $mac_str = $1;
if ($mac_str =~ /^((?:\w{2}\:){6})((?:\w{2}\:){6})/) {
$pkt_hr->{'dst_mac'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'src_mac'} = $2;
}
}
if ($pkt_hr->{'src_mac'}) {
$pkt_hr->{'src_mac'} =~ s/:$//;
print STDERR "[+] src mac addr: $pkt_hr->{'src_mac'}\n" if $debug;
}
if ($pkt_hr->{'dst_mac'}) {
$pkt_hr->{'dst_mac'} =~ s/:$//;
print STDERR "[+] dst mac addr: $pkt_hr->{'dst_mac'}\n" if $debug;
}
unless ($pkt_hr->{'intf'} and $pkt_hr->{'chain'}) {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: could not determine ",
"interface and chain.\n" if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
if (%ignore_interfaces) {
for my $ignore_intf (keys %ignore_interfaces) {
return $PKT_IGNORE if $pkt_hr->{'intf'} eq $ignore_intf;
}
}
$pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'} = '';
### get the syslog logging host and timestamp for this packet
if ($config{'ENABLE_CUSTOM_SYSLOG_TS_RE'} eq 'Y') {
if ($pkt_str =~ /$config{'CUSTOM_SYSLOG_TS_RE'}/) {
$pkt_hr->{'timestamp'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'} = $2;
}
} else {
if ($pkt_str =~ /^\s*((?:\S+\s+){2}\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+kernel\:/) {
$pkt_hr->{'timestamp'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'} = $2;
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /^\s*([\d\-]+T(?:\d{2}\:){2}\d{2}\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+kernel\:/) {
### 2015-03-08T02:25:11.444012+02:00 servername kernel: ...
$pkt_hr->{'timestamp'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'} = $2;
}
}
unless ($pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'}) {
$pkt_hr->{'timestamp'} = localtime();
$pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'} = 'unknown';
}
if ($debug) {
print "[+] timestamp: $pkt_hr->{'timestamp'}\n",
" syslog hostname: $pkt_hr->{'syslog_host'}\n";
}
### try to extract a snort sid (generated by fwsnort) from
### the packet
unless ($no_snort_sids) {
if ($pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'}) {
if ($pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'} =~ /$config{'SNORT_SID_STR'}(\d+)/) {
$pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_sid'} = $1;
### try to extract the fwsnort rule number (must be
### fwsnort-0.9.0 or greater)
if ($pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'} =~ /\[(\d+)\]/) {
$pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_rnum'} = $1;
}
if ($pkt_hr->{'log_prefix'} =~ /ESTAB/) {
$pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_estab'} = 1;
}
}
}
}
unless ($pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_sid'} or $config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'Y') {
### note that this is not _too_ strict since people
### have different ways of writing --log-prefix strings
my $matched = 0;
for my $fw_search_str (@fw_search) {
$matched = 1 if $pkt_str =~ /$fw_search_str/;
}
return $PKT_IGNORE unless $matched;
}
### test for IPv6
if ($pkt_str =~ /HOPLIMIT=\d+\s+FLOWLBL=\d+/) {
return $PKT_IGNORE unless $config{'ENABLE_IPV6_DETECTION'} eq 'Y';
$is_ipv6 = 1;
$pkt_hr->{'is_ipv6'} = 1;
}
### test for IPv4 "don't fragment" bit
unless ($is_ipv6) {
$pkt_hr->{'frag_bit'} = 1 if $pkt_str =~ /\sDF\s+PROTO/;
}
### get IP options if --log-ip-options is used - they appear before the
### PROTO= field for either IPv4 or IPv6 packets
if ($pkt_str =~ /OPT\s+\((\S+)\)\s+PROTO=/) {
$pkt_hr->{'ip_opts'} = $1;
}
if ($is_ipv6 and $pkt_str =~ /PROTO=ICMPv6\s/) {
### test for ICMP before TCP or UDP because ICMP destination
### unreachable messages can contain embedded TCP/UDP specifics like
### so:
### Jul 21 19:07:39 minastirith kernel: [1912155.755921] IPv6 Packet
### IN=lo OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:86:dd
### SRC=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
### DST=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 LEN=107 TC=0
### HOPLIMIT=64 FLOWLBL=0 PROTO=ICMPv6 TYPE=1 CODE=4
### [SRC=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
### DST=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 LEN=59 TC=0
### HOPLIMIT=64 FLOWLBL=0 PROTO=UDP SPT=35186 DPT=12345 LEN=19 ]
$is_icmp6 = 1;
$proto_str = 'icmp6'
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /PROTO=ICMP\s/) {
### test for ICMP before TCP or UDP because ICMP destination
### unreachable messages can contain embedded TCP/UDP specifics like
### so:
### Sep 8 18:04:26 minastirith kernel: [28241.572876] IN_DROP
### IN=wlan0 OUT= MAC=00:1a:9f:91:df:ae:00:12:27:12:0a:a0:12:00
### SRC=10.0.0.138 DST=192.168.1.103 LEN=96 TOS=0x00 PREC=0xC0
### TTL=254 ID=63642 PROTO=ICMP TYPE=3 CODE=3 [SRC=192.168.1.103
### DST=10.0.0.138 LEN=68 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=0 ID=22458 PROTO=UDP
### SPT=35080 DPT=33434 LEN=48 ]
$is_icmp = 1;
$proto_str = 'icmp';
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /PROTO=TCP\s/) {
$is_tcp = 1;
$proto_str = 'tcp';
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /PROTO=UDPLITE\s/) {
$is_udplite = 1;
$proto_str = 'udplite';
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /PROTO=UDP\s/) {
$is_udp = 1;
$proto_str = 'udp';
} elsif ($pkt_str =~ /PROTO=(\d+)\s/) {
$proto_num = $1;
$is_proto_num = 1;
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: unrecognized protocol\n" if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
### see if we need to ignore this packet based on the
### IGNORE_PROTOCOLS config keyword.
return $PKT_IGNORE if &check_ignore_proto($proto_str,
$proto_num, $is_proto_num);
if ($is_tcp) {
if ($is_ipv6) {
### Jul 18 19:19:08 lorien kernel: [ 1835.131574] IPV6 packet IN=lo
### OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:86:dd
### SRC=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
### DST=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 LEN=72 TC=0
### HOPLIMIT=255 FLOWLBL=0 PROTO=TCP SPT=22 DPT=57005 WINDOW=512
### RES=0x00 ACK FIN URGP=0
### Topera SYN scan with --log-ip-options turned on:
### Dec 20 20:10:51 rohan kernel: [ 499.178765] DROP IN=eth0 OUT=
### MAC=00:1b:f9:76:9c:e4:0a:13:33:3a:33:36:86:ed
### SRC=2012:1234:1234:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
### DST=2012:1234:1234:0000:0000:0000:0000:0002 LEN=132 TC=0 HOPLIMIT=64
### FLOWLBL=0 OPT ( ) OPT ( ) OPT ( ) OPT ( ) OPT ( ) OPT ( ) OPT ( )
### OPT ( ) OPT ( ) PROTO=TCP SPT=26732 DPT=78 WINDOW=8192 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv6_re)\s+DST=($ipv6_re)\s+LEN=(\d+)\s+
TC=(\d+)\s+HOPLIMIT=(\d+)\s+FLOWLBL=(\d+)\s+.*PROTO=TCP\s+
SPT=(\d+)\s+DPT=(\d+)\s+WINDOW=(\d+)\s+
(.*)\s+URGP=/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'tc'}, $pkt_hr->{'hop_limit'},
$pkt_hr->{'flow_label'}, $pkt_hr->{'sp'}, $pkt_hr->{'dp'},
$pkt_hr->{'win'}, $pkt_hr->{'flags'})
= ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9,$10);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
if ($pkt_str =~ /(?:OPT\s+\(\s+\)\s+){7,}/) {
$pkt_hr->{'is_topera'} = 1;
print STDERR " Topera IPv6 scan\n"
if $debug;
}
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: strange IPv6 TCP format\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
} else {
### May 18 22:21:26 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=eth2 OUT=
### MAC=00:60:1d:23:d0:01:00:60:1d:23:d3:0e:08:00 SRC=192.168.20.25
### DST=192.168.20.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x10 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=47300 DF
### PROTO=TCP SPT=34111 DPT=6345 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv4_re)\s+DST=($ipv4_re)\s+LEN=(\d+)\s+TOS=(\S+)
\s*.*\s+TTL=(\d+)\s+ID=(\d+)\s*.*\s+PROTO=TCP\s+
SPT=(\d+)\s+DPT=(\d+)\s.*\s*WINDOW=(\d+)\s+
(.*)\s+URGP=/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'tos'}, $pkt_hr->{'ttl'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_id'},
$pkt_hr->{'sp'}, $pkt_hr->{'dp'}, $pkt_hr->{'win'},
$pkt_hr->{'flags'})
= ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9,$10);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: strange IPv4 TCP format\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
}
$pkt_hr->{'proto'} = 'tcp';
### the reserve bits are not reported by ulogd, but normal
### iptables syslog messages contain them.
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ s/\s*RES=\S+\s*//;
### default to NULL
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} = 'NULL' unless $pkt_hr->{'flags'};
if (not $pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_sid'}
and $config{'IGNORE_CONNTRACK_BUG_PKTS'} eq 'Y' &&
($pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /ACK/ || $pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /RST/)) {
### $dp > 1024 && ($pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /ACK/ ||
### FIXME: ignore TCP packets that have the ACK or RST
### bits set (unless we matched a snort sid) since
### _usually_ we see these packets as a result of the
### iptables connection tracking bug. Also, note that
### no signatures make use of the RST flag.
print STDERR "[-] err packet: matched ACK or RST flag.\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_IGNORE;
}
### per page 595 of the Camel book, "if /blah1|blah2/"
### can be slower than "if /blah1/ || /blah2/
unless ($pkt_hr->{'flags'} !~ /WIN/ &&
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /ACK/ ||
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /SYN/ ||
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /RST/ ||
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /URG/ ||
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /PSH/ ||
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ /FIN/ ||
$pkt_hr->{'flags'} eq 'NULL') {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: bad tcp flags.\n" if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
### look for TCP options, but don't pickup IP options if
### also --log-ip-options is used (IP options appear before
### the PROTO= field).
if ($pkt_str =~ /URGP=\S+\s+OPT\s+\((\S+)\)/) {
$pkt_hr->{'tcp_opts'} = $1;
$found_one_tcp_options_field = 1
if $config{'EXPECT_TCP_OPTIONS'} eq 'Y';
}
if ($pkt_hr->{'flags'}
and $pkt_hr->{'flags'} eq 'SYN'
and $found_one_tcp_options_field
and not $pkt_hr->{'tcp_opts'}) {
$pkt_hr->{'is_masscan'} = 1;
print STDERR " Masscan SYN scan\n"
if $debug;
}
if ($pkt_str =~ /\sSEQ=(\d+)\s+ACK=(\d+)/) {
$pkt_hr->{'tcp_seq'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'tcp_ack'} = $2;
}
### see if we need to ignore this packet based on the
### IGNORE_PORTS config keyword
return $PKT_IGNORE if &check_ignore_port($pkt_hr->{'dp'},
$pkt_hr->{'proto'});
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and not $benchmark
and not $analyze_mode) {
my $dflags = $pkt_hr->{'flags'};
$dflags =~ s/\s/,/g;
$pkt_hr->{'dshield_str'} = "$pkt_hr->{'src'}\t$pkt_hr->{'sp'}\t" .
"$pkt_hr->{'dst'}\t$pkt_hr->{'dp'}\t$pkt_hr->{'proto'}\t" .
"$dflags";
}
} elsif ($is_udp or $is_udplite) {
if ($is_udplite) {
$pkt_hr->{'proto'} = 'udplite';
} else {
$pkt_hr->{'proto'} = 'udp';
}
if ($is_ipv6) {
### Jul 21 21:07:39 minastirith kernel: [1912155.755862] IPv6 Packet IN=lo
### OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:86:dd
### SRC=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
### DST=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 LEN=59 TC=0 HOPLIMIT=64
### FLOWLBL=0 PROTO=UDP SPT=35186 DPT=12345 LEN=19
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv6_re)\s+DST=($ipv6_re)\s+LEN=(\d+)\s+
TC=(\d+)\s+HOPLIMIT=(\d+)\s+FLOWLBL=(\d+)\s+
PROTO=UDP(?:LITE)?\s+SPT=(\d+)\s+DPT=(\d+)\s+LEN=(\d+)/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'tc'}, $pkt_hr->{'hop_limit'},
$pkt_hr->{'flow_label'}, $pkt_hr->{'sp'}, $pkt_hr->{'dp'},
$pkt_hr->{'udp_len'}) = ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: strange IPv6 UDP format\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
} else {
### May 18 22:21:26 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=eth2 OUT=
### MAC=00:60:1d:23:d0:01:00:60:1d:23:d3:0e:08:00
### SRC=192.168.20.25 DST=192.168.20.1 LEN=28 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00
### TTL=40 ID=47523 PROTO=UDP SPT=57339 DPT=305 LEN=8
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv4_re)\s+DST=($ipv4_re)\s+LEN=(\d+)\s+TOS=(\S+)
\s.*TTL=(\d+)\s+ID=(\d+)\s*.*\s+PROTO=UDP\s+
SPT=(\d+)\s+DPT=(\d+)\s+LEN=(\d+)/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'tos'}, $pkt_hr->{'ttl'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_id'},
$pkt_hr->{'sp'}, $pkt_hr->{'dp'}, $pkt_hr->{'udp_len'})
= ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: strange IPv4 UDP format\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
}
### see if we need to ignore this packet based on the
### IGNORE_PORTS config keyword
return $PKT_IGNORE if &check_ignore_port($pkt_hr->{'dp'},
$pkt_hr->{'proto'});
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and not $benchmark
and not $analyze_mode) {
$pkt_hr->{'dshield_str'} = "$pkt_hr->{'src'}\t$pkt_hr->{'sp'}\t" .
"$pkt_hr->{'dst'}\t$pkt_hr->{'dp'}\t$pkt_hr->{'proto'}";
}
} elsif ($is_icmp6 or $is_icmp) {
$pkt_hr->{'sp'} = $pkt_hr->{'dp'} = 0;
if ($is_ipv6) {
### Jul 18 17:18:19 lorien kernel: [ 1786.520508] IPV6 packet IN=lo
### OUT= MAC=00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:86:dd
### SRC=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001
### DST=0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0001 LEN=104 TC=0
### HOPLIMIT=255 FLOWLBL=0 PROTO=ICMPv6 TYPE=129 CODE=0 ID=14997 SEQ=1
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv6_re)\s+DST=($ipv6_re)\s+LEN=(\d+)\s+TC=(\d+)\s+
HOPLIMIT=(\d+)\s+FLOWLBL=(\d+)\s+PROTO=ICMPv6\s+TYPE=(\d+)\s+
CODE=(\d+)/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'tc'}, $pkt_hr->{'hop_limit'},
$pkt_hr->{'flow_label'}, $pkt_hr->{'itype'},
$pkt_hr->{'icode'}) = ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: strange IPv6 ICMP format\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
$pkt_hr->{'proto'} = 'icmp6';
} else {
### Nov 27 15:45:51 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=eth1 OUT= MAC=00:a0:cc:e2:1f:f2:00:
### 20:78:10:70:e7:08:00 SRC=192.168.10.20 DST=192.168.10.1 LEN=84 TOS=0x00
### PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=61055 SEQ=256
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv4_re)\s+DST=($ipv4_re)\s+LEN=(\d+).*
TTL=(\d+)\s+ID=(\d+).*PROTO=ICMP\s+TYPE=(\d+)\s+
CODE=(\d+)/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'ttl'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_id'}, $pkt_hr->{'itype'},
$pkt_hr->{'icode'}) = ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
} else {
print STDERR "[-] err packet: strange IPv4 ICMP format\n"
if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
$pkt_hr->{'proto'} = 'icmp';
if ($pkt_hr->{'itype'} == $ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST
or $pkt_hr->{'itype'} == $ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) {
### we expect the ICMP ID and SEQ fields to be populated
if ($pkt_str =~ /CODE=(\d+)\s+ID=(\d+)\s+SEQ=(\d+)/) {
$pkt_hr->{'icmp_id'} = $1;
$pkt_hr->{'icmp_seq'} = $2;
} else {
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
}
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and not $benchmark
and not $analyze_mode) {
$pkt_hr->{'dshield_str'} = "$pkt_hr->{'src'}\t$pkt_hr->{'itype'}" .
"\t$pkt_hr->{'dst'}\t$pkt_hr->{'icode'}\t$pkt_hr->{'proto'}";
}
} elsif ($is_proto_num) {
if ($is_ipv6) {
### FIXME future
} else {
### Mar 15 20:59:04 linux kernel: [810523.812773] DROP IN=eth0 OUT=
### MAC=23:87:fc:c6:24:58:00:21:3f:98:99:78:09:00 SRC=192.168.10.55
### DST=192.168.10.1 LEN=20 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=59 ID=3052 PROTO=29
if ($pkt_str =~ /SRC=($ipv4_re)\s+DST=($ipv4_re)\s+LEN=(\d+).*
TTL=(\d+)\s+ID=(\d+).*PROTO=/x) {
($pkt_hr->{'src'}, $pkt_hr->{'dst'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
$pkt_hr->{'ttl'}, $pkt_hr->{'ip_id'}) = ($1,$2,$3,$4,$5);
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'src'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($pkt_hr->{'dst'})
or return $PKT_ERROR;
}
$pkt_hr->{'proto'} = $proto_num;
}
} else {
### Sometimes the iptables log entry gets messed up due to
### buffering issues so we write it to the error log.
print STDERR "[-] err packet: no regex match.\n" if $debug;
return $PKT_ERROR;
}
if ($restrict_ip) {
### we are looking to analyze packets from a specific IP/subnet
if ($pkt_hr->{'is_ipv6'}) {
if ($restrict_ip->version() == 6) {
return $PKT_IGNORE unless
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'}->within($restrict_ip) or
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'}->within($restrict_ip);
}
} else {
if ($restrict_ip->version() == 4) {
return $PKT_IGNORE unless
$pkt_hr->{'s_obj'}->within($restrict_ip) or
$pkt_hr->{'d_obj'}->within($restrict_ip);
}
}
}
return $PKT_SUCCESS;
}
sub check_ignore_proto() {
my ($proto_str, $proto_num, $is_proto_num) = @_;
return 0 unless %ignore_protocols;
if ($is_proto_num) {
return 1 if defined $ignore_protocols{$proto_num};
} else {
return 1 if defined $ignore_protocols{$proto_str};
}
return 0;
}
sub match_sigs() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
my $dl = 0;
my $is_sig_match = $NO_SIG_MATCH;
print STDERR "[+] match_sigs()\n" if $debug and $verbose;
### always run the IP protocol sigs
PROTO: for my $proto ($pkt_hr->{'proto'}, 'ip') {
next PROTO unless defined $sig_search{$proto};
SRC: for my $src (keys %{$sig_search{$proto}}) {
print STDERR "[+] match_sigs() pkt src: $pkt_hr->{'src'} within sig src: $src ?..."
if $debug and $verbose;
if ($pkt_hr->{'s_obj'}->within($sig_ip_objs{$src})) {
print STDERR "yes\n"
if $debug and $verbose;
} else {
print STDERR "no\n"
if $debug and $verbose;
next SRC;
}
DST: for my $dst (keys %{$sig_search{$proto}{$src}}) {
print STDERR "[+] match_sigs() pkt dst: $pkt_hr->{'dst'} within sig dst: $dst ?..."
if $debug and $verbose;
if ($pkt_hr->{'d_obj'}->within($sig_ip_objs{$dst})) {
print STDERR "yes\n"
if $debug and $verbose;
} else {
print STDERR "no\n"
if $debug and $verbose;
next DST;
}
print STDERR " Matched sig IP criteria.\n"
if $debug and $verbose;
if ($proto eq 'tcp' or $proto eq 'udp' or $proto eq 'udplite') {
TYPE: for my $hr (@port_types) {
my $sp_type = $hr->{'sp'};
my $dp_type = $hr->{'dp'};
next TYPE unless
defined $sig_search{$proto}{$src}{$dst}{$sp_type};
my $sp_hr = $sig_search{$proto}{$src}{$dst}{$sp_type};
SP_S: for my $sp_s (keys %{$sp_hr}) {
if ($sp_type eq 'norm') {
### normal match on the starting port value
next SP_S unless $pkt_hr->{'sp'} >= $sp_s;
}
SP_E: for my $sp_e (keys %{$sp_hr->{$sp_s}}) {
if ($sp_type eq 'norm') {
### normal match on the ending port value
next SP_E unless $pkt_hr->{'sp'} <= $sp_e;
} else {
### negative match on the ending port value
### (note the "or" condition)
next SP_E unless ($pkt_hr->{'sp'} > $sp_e
or $pkt_hr->{'sp'} < $sp_s);
}
next TYPE unless defined
$sp_hr->{$sp_s}->{$sp_e}->{$dp_type};
my $dp_hr = $sp_hr->{$sp_s}->{$sp_e}->{$dp_type};
DP_S: for my $dp_s (keys %$dp_hr) {
if ($dp_type eq 'norm') {
next DP_S unless $pkt_hr->{'dp'} >= $dp_s;
}
DP_E: for my $dp_e (keys %{$dp_hr->{$dp_s}}) {
if ($dp_type eq 'norm') {
next DP_E unless $pkt_hr->{'dp'} <= $dp_e;
} else {
### negative match on the ending port value
### (note the "or" condition)
next DP_E unless ($pkt_hr->{'dp'} > $dp_e
or $pkt_hr->{'dp'} < $dp_s);
}
### now we have the set of applicable
### signatures that match the sip/dip
### and sp/dp, so match any Snort
### keywords
my ($dl_tmp, $sig_match_tmp) =
&match_snort_keywords($pkt_hr,
$dp_hr->{$dp_s}->{$dp_e});
print STDERR " match_snort_keywords() ",
" return DL: $dl_tmp\n" if $debug;
### return maximal danger level from all
### signature matches
$dl = $dl_tmp if $dl_tmp > $dl;
$is_sig_match = $SIG_MATCH
if $sig_match_tmp == $SIG_MATCH;
}
}
}
}
}
} else {
### now we have the set of applicable icmp
### signatures that match the sip/dip
my ($dl_tmp, $sig_match_tmp) = &match_snort_keywords(
$pkt_hr, $sig_search{$proto}{$src}{$dst});
print STDERR " match_snort_keywords() ",
" return DL: $dl_tmp\n" if $debug;
### return maximal danger level from all signature matches
$dl = $dl_tmp if $dl_tmp > $dl;
$is_sig_match = $SIG_MATCH if $sig_match_tmp == $SIG_MATCH;
}
}
}
}
return $dl, $is_sig_match;
}
sub match_snort_keywords() {
my ($pkt_hr, $sigs_ids_hr) = @_;
print STDERR "[+] match_snort_keywords()\n" if $debug;
my $dl = 0;
my $matched_sig = $NO_SIG_MATCH;
### see if all Snort keywords match the packet - the sigs hash has
### been restricted to the appropriate protocol
SIG: for my $sid (keys %$sigs_ids_hr) {
next SIG unless defined $sigs{$sid}; ### should never happen
my $sig_hr = $sigs{$sid};
### iptables logging messages always include TTL and IP ID
### values (at least for ipv4, see
### linux/net/ipv4/netfilter/ipt_LOG.c)
my $dl_tmp = 0;
my ($rv, $sig_match_rv) = &match_snort_ip_keywords($pkt_hr, $sig_hr);
if ($sig_match_rv == $SIG_MATCH) {
$matched_sig = $SIG_MATCH;
$dl_tmp = $rv;
if ($rv == 0) {
next SIG; ### ignore signature
}
} elsif ($sig_match_rv == $NO_SIG_MATCH) {
### there were network-layer keywords that did not match
next SIG unless $rv;
### else there were no network-layer keywords so continue on
}
$dl = $dl_tmp if $dl_tmp > $dl;
if ($debug and $debug_sid == $sid) {
print STDERR "[+] SID: $sid, passed match_snort_ip_keywords() ",
"tests.\n";
}
if ($sig_hr->{'proto'} eq 'tcp') {
($rv, $sig_match_rv) = &match_snort_tcp_keywords($pkt_hr, $sig_hr);
if ($sig_match_rv == $SIG_MATCH) {
$matched_sig = $SIG_MATCH;
next SIG if $rv == 0;
$dl = $rv if $rv > $dl;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'} = 0
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'}++
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tcp'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tcp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'dp'}
= $pkt_hr->{'dp'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tcp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'flags'}
= $pkt_hr->{'flags'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tcp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tcp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'is_fwsnort'} = 0;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tcp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'time'} = time();
$sig_sources{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = '';
$top_sigs{$sid}++;
$top_sig_counts{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}++;
}
} elsif ($sig_hr->{'proto'} eq 'udp') {
($rv, $sig_match_rv) = &match_snort_udp_keywords($pkt_hr, $sig_hr);
if ($sig_match_rv == $SIG_MATCH) {
$matched_sig = $SIG_MATCH;
next SIG if $rv == 0;
$dl = $rv if $rv > $dl;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'} = 0
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'}++
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'udp'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'udp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'dp'}
= $pkt_hr->{'dp'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'udp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'udp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'is_fwsnort'} = 0;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'udp'}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'time'} = time();
$sig_sources{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = 0; ### not fwsnort
$top_sigs{$sid}++;
$top_sig_counts{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}++;
}
} elsif ($sig_hr->{'proto'} eq 'icmp') {
($rv, $sig_match_rv) = &match_snort_icmp_keywords($pkt_hr, $sig_hr);
if ($sig_match_rv == $SIG_MATCH) {
$matched_sig = $SIG_MATCH;
next SIG if $rv == 0;
$dl = $rv if $rv > $dl;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'} = 0
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'}++
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'icmp'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'icmp'}{'sid'}
{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'icmp'}{'sid'}
{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'is_fwsnort'} = 0;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'icmp'}{'sid'}
{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'time'} = time();
$sig_sources{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = 0; ### not fwsnort
$top_sigs{$sid}++;
$top_sig_counts{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}++;
}
} elsif ($sig_hr->{'proto'} eq 'icmp6') {
### FIXME icmp6 specifc Snort matches?
}
}
return $dl, $matched_sig;
}
sub match_snort_tcp_keywords() {
my ($pkt_hr, $sig_hr) = @_;
if ($debug and $debug_sid == $sig_hr->{'sid'}) {
print STDERR "[+] SID: $sig_hr->{'sid'} match_snort_tcp_keywords()\n";
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'flags'}) {
unless ($pkt_hr->{'flags'} eq $sig_hr->{'flags'}) {
if ($debug and $debug_sid == $sig_hr->{'sid'}) {
print STDERR "[-] SID: $sig_hr->{'sid'} ",
"$pkt_hr->{'flags'} != $sig_hr->{'flags'}\n";
}
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH;
}
}
my $header_len = $IP_HEADER_LEN + $TCP_HEADER_LEN;
if ($pkt_hr->{'flags'} =~ m|SYN|) {
### extend the header length to compensate for TCP options
$header_len += $TCP_MAX_OPTS_LEN;
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'dsize'} and defined $sig_hr->{'dsize_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless &check_sig_int_range(
($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'}-$header_len), 'dsize', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'psad_dsize'} and defined $sig_hr->{'psad_dsize_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless &check_sig_int_range(
($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'}-$header_len), 'psad_dsize', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'window'} and defined $sig_hr->{'window_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'win'}, 'window', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'seq'} and defined $sig_hr->{'seq_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'tcp_seq'}, 'seq', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'ack'} and defined $sig_hr->{'ack_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'tcp_ack'}, 'ack', $sig_hr);
}
### matched the signature
if ($debug) {
print STDERR "[+] packet matched tcp keywords for sid: ",
"$sig_hr->{'sid'} (psad_id: $sig_hr->{'psad_id'})\n",
qq| "$sig_hr->{'msg'}"\n|;
}
return &assign_sid_dl($sig_hr->{'sid'}, $sig_hr->{'dl'}), $SIG_MATCH;
}
sub match_snort_udp_keywords() {
my ($pkt_hr, $sig_hr) = @_;
if (defined $sig_hr->{'dsize'} and defined $sig_hr->{'dsize_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless &check_sig_int_range(
($pkt_hr->{'udp_len'}-$UDP_HEADER_LEN),
'dsize', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'psad_dsize'} and defined $sig_hr->{'psad_dsize_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless &check_sig_int_range(
($pkt_hr->{'udp_len'}-$UDP_HEADER_LEN),
'psad_dsize', $sig_hr);
}
### matched the signature
if ($debug) {
print STDERR "[+] packet matched udp keywords for sid: ",
"$sig_hr->{'sid'} (psad_id: $sig_hr->{'psad_id'})\n",
qq| "$sig_hr->{'msg'}"\n|;
}
return &assign_sid_dl($sig_hr->{'sid'}, $sig_hr->{'dl'}), $SIG_MATCH;
}
sub match_snort_icmp_keywords() {
my ($pkt_hr, $sig_hr) = @_;
if (defined $sig_hr->{'dsize'} and defined $sig_hr->{'dsize_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless &check_sig_int_range(
($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'}-$IP_HEADER_LEN-$ICMP_HEADER_LEN),
'dsize', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'psad_dsize'} and defined $sig_hr->{'psad_dsize_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless &check_sig_int_range(
($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'}-$IP_HEADER_LEN-$ICMP_HEADER_LEN),
'psad_dsize', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'itype'} and defined $sig_hr->{'itype_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'itype'}, 'itype', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'icode'} and defined $sig_hr->{'icode_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'icode'}, 'icode', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'icmp_seq'} and defined $sig_hr->{'icmp_seq_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'icmp_seq'}, 'icmp_seq', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'icmp_id'} and defined $sig_hr->{'icmp_id_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'icmp_id'}, 'icmp_id', $sig_hr);
}
### matched the signature
if ($debug) {
print STDERR "[+] packet matched icmp keywords for sid: ",
"$sig_hr->{'sid'} (psad_id: $sig_hr->{'psad_id'})\n",
qq| "$sig_hr->{'msg'}"\n|;
}
return &assign_sid_dl($sig_hr->{'sid'}, $sig_hr->{'dl'}), $SIG_MATCH;
}
sub match_snort_ip_keywords() {
my ($pkt_hr, $sig_hr) = @_;
if ($pkt_hr->{'is_ipv6'}) {
### we need to build IPv6 signature keywords
return 1, $NO_SIG_MATCH;
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'ttl'} and defined $sig_hr->{'ttl_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'ttl'}, 'ttl', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'id'} and defined $sig_hr->{'id_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'ip_id'}, 'id', $sig_hr);
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'psad_ip_len'} and defined $sig_hr->{'psad_ip_len_s'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_int_range($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'},
'psad_ip_len', $sig_hr);
}
### to handle the ip_proto keyword parse_NF_pkt_str() would have to be
### modified to handle packets besides TCP, UDP, and ICMP.
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH if defined $sig_hr->{'ip_proto'};
### handle the sameip keyword
if (defined $sig_hr->{'sameip'} and $sig_hr->{'sameip'}) {
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH if $pkt_hr->{'intf'} eq 'lo';
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH unless $pkt_hr->{'src'} eq $pkt_hr->{'dst'};
}
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH
unless &check_sig_ipopts($pkt_hr->{'ip_opts'}, 'ipopts', $sig_hr);
if ($sig_hr->{'proto'} eq 'ip') {
### signature match
if ($debug) {
print STDERR "[+] packet matched ip keywords for sid: ",
"$sig_hr->{'sid'} (psad_id: $sig_hr->{'psad_id'})\n",
qq| "$sig_hr->{'msg'}"\n|;
}
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'ip'}{'sid'}
{$sig_hr->{'sid'}}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'ip'}{'sid'}
{$sig_hr->{'sid'}}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'is_fwsnort'} = 0;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'ip'}{'sid'}
{$sig_hr->{'sid'}}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'time'} = time();
$sig_sources{$sig_hr->{'sid'}}{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = 0; ### not fwsnort
$top_sigs{$sig_hr->{'sid'}}++;
$top_sig_counts{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}++;
return &assign_sid_dl($sig_hr->{'sid'}, $sig_hr->{'dl'}), $SIG_MATCH;
}
return 1, $NO_SIG_MATCH;
}
sub check_sig_int_range() {
my ($pkt_val, $keyword, $sig_hr) = @_;
$pkt_val = 0 if $pkt_val < 0;
if ($sig_hr->{"${keyword}_neg"}) {
if ($pkt_val <= $sig_hr->{"${keyword}_e"}
and $pkt_val >= $sig_hr->{"${keyword}_s"}) {
if ($debug) {
if ($verbose or $debug_sid == $sig_hr->{'sid'}) {
print STDERR "[-] SID: $sig_hr->{'sid'} failed ",
"$keyword test, $pkt_val <= ",
qq|$sig_hr->{"${keyword}_e"} and $pkt_val |,
qq|>= $sig_hr->{"${keyword}_s"}\n|;
}
}
return 0;
}
} else {
### normal match
if ($pkt_val < $sig_hr->{"${keyword}_s"}) {
if ($debug) {
if ($verbose or $debug_sid == $sig_hr->{'sid'}) {
print STDERR "[-] SID: $sig_hr->{'sid'} failed ",
"$keyword test, $pkt_val < ",
qq|$sig_hr->{"${keyword}_s"} (range start)\n|;
}
}
return 0;
}
if ($pkt_val > $sig_hr->{"${keyword}_e"}) {
if ($debug) {
if ($verbose or $debug_sid == $sig_hr->{'sid'}) {
print STDERR "[-] SID: $sig_hr->{'sid'} failed ",
"$keyword test, $pkt_val > ",
qq|$sig_hr->{"${keyword}_e"} (range end)\n|;
}
}
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
sub check_sig_ipopts() {
my ($pkt_val, $keyword, $sig_hr) = @_;
return 1 unless defined $sig_hr->{$keyword};
return 0 unless $pkt_val;
return 1 if $sig_hr->{$keyword} eq 'any';
my $pkt_opts_hr = &parse_ip_options($pkt_val);
return 0 unless defined $pkt_opts_hr->{$sig_hr->{$keyword}};
return 1;
}
sub check_ignore_port() {
my ($port, $proto) = @_;
return 0 unless defined $ignore_ports{$proto};
return &match_port(\%{$ignore_ports{$proto}}, $port);
}
sub match_port() {
my ($hr, $port) = @_;
if (defined $hr->{'port'}) {
return 1 if defined $hr->{'port'}->{$port};
}
if (defined $hr->{'range'}) {
for my $low_port (keys %{$hr->{'range'}}) {
my $high_port = $hr->{'range'}->{$low_port};
return 1 if ($port >= $low_port and $port <= $high_port);
}
}
return 0;
}
sub p0f() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
if ($pkt_hr->{'is_ipv6'}) {
&p0f_ipv6($pkt_hr);
} else {
&p0f_ipv4($pkt_hr);
}
return;
}
sub p0f_ipv6() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
return;
}
sub p0f_ipv4() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
print STDERR "[+] p0f_ipv4(): $pkt_hr->{'src'} len: $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'}, ",
"frag_bit: $pkt_hr->{'frag_bit'}, ttl: $pkt_hr->{'ttl'}, ",
"win: $pkt_hr->{'win'}\n" if $debug;
# p0f Fingerprint entry format:
#
# wwww:ttt:D:ss:OOO...:OS:Version:Subtype:Details
#
# wwww - window size (can be *, %nnn, Snn or Tnn). The special values
# "S" and "T" which are a multiple of MSS or a multiple of MTU
# respectively.
# ttt - initial TTL
# D - don't fragment bit (0 - not set, 1 - set)
# ss - overall SYN packet size
# OOO - option value and order specification (see below)
# OS - OS genre (Linux, Solaris, Windows)
# Version - OS Version (2.0.27 on x86, etc)
# Subtype - OS subtype or patchlevel (SP3, lo0)
# details - Generic OS details
#
### S4:64:1:60:M*,S,T,N,W7: Linux:2.6:8:Linux 2.6.8 and newer (?)
my $options_ar = &parse_tcp_options($pkt_hr->{'src'},
$pkt_hr->{'tcp_opts'});
unless ($options_ar) {
print STDERR "[-] Could not fingerprint remote OS.\n" if $debug;
return;
}
my $matched_os = 0;
### try to match SYN packet length
LEN: for my $sig_len (keys %p0f_ipv4_sigs) {
my $matched_len = 0;
if ($sig_len eq '*') { ### len can be wildcarded in pf.os
$matched_len = 1;
} elsif ($sig_len =~ /^\%(\d+)/) {
if (($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'} % $1) == 0) {
$matched_len = 1;
}
} elsif ($pkt_hr->{'ip_len'} == $sig_len) {
$matched_len = 1;
}
next LEN unless $matched_len;
### try to match fragmentation bit
FRAG: for my $test_frag_bit ($pkt_hr->{'frag_bit'}, '*') { ### don't need "%nnn" check
next FRAG unless defined $p0f_ipv4_sigs{$sig_len}{$test_frag_bit};
### find out for which p0f sigs the TTL is within range
TTL: for my $sig_ttl (keys %{$p0f_ipv4_sigs{$sig_len}{$test_frag_bit}}) {
unless ($pkt_hr->{'ttl'} > $sig_ttl - $config{'MAX_HOPS'}
and $pkt_hr->{'ttl'} <= $sig_ttl) {
next TTL;
}
### match tcp window size
WIN: for my $sig_win_size (keys
%{$p0f_ipv4_sigs{$sig_len}{$test_frag_bit}{$sig_ttl}}) {
my $matched_win_size = 0;
if ($sig_win_size eq '*') {
$matched_win_size = 1;
} elsif ($sig_win_size =~ /^\%(\d+)/) {
if (($pkt_hr->{'win'} % $1) == 0) {
$matched_win_size = 1;
}
} elsif ($sig_win_size =~ /^S(\d+)/) {
### window size must be a multiple of maximum
### seqment size
my $multiple = $1;
for my $opt_hr (@$options_ar) {
if (defined $opt_hr->{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{'M'}}) {
my $mss_val = $opt_hr->{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{'M'}};
if ($pkt_hr->{'win'} == $mss_val * $multiple) {
$matched_win_size = 1;
}
}
last;
}
} elsif ($sig_win_size == $pkt_hr->{'win'}) {
$matched_win_size = 1;
}
next WIN unless $matched_win_size;
TCPOPTS: for my $sig_opts (keys %{$p0f_ipv4_sigs{$sig_len}
{$test_frag_bit}{$sig_ttl}{$sig_win_size}}) {
my @sig_opts = split /\,/, $sig_opts;
for (my $i=0; $i<=$#sig_opts; $i++) {
### tcp option order is important. Check to see if
### the option order in the packet matches the order we
### expect to see in the signature
if ($sig_opts[$i] =~ /^([NMWST])/) {
my $sig_letter = $1;
unless (defined $options_ar->[$i]->
{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{$sig_letter}}) {
next TCPOPTS; ### could not match tcp option order
}
### MSS, window scale, and timestamp have
### specific signatures requirements on values
if ($sig_letter eq 'M') {
if ($sig_opts[$i] =~ /M(\d+)/) {
my $sig_mss_val = $1;
next TCPOPTS unless $options_ar->[$i]->
{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{$sig_letter}}
== $sig_mss_val;
} elsif ($sig_opts[$i] =~ /M\%(\d+)/) {
my $sig_mss_mod_val = $1;
next TCPOPTS unless (($options_ar->[$i]->
{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{$sig_letter}}
% $sig_mss_mod_val) == 0);
} ### else it is "M*" which always matches
} elsif ($sig_letter eq 'W') {
if ($sig_opts[$i] =~ /W(\d+)/) {
my $sig_win_val = $1;
next TCPOPTS unless $options_ar->[$i]->
{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{$sig_letter}}
== $sig_win_val;
} elsif ($sig_opts[$i] =~ /W\%(\d+)/) {
my $sig_win_mod_val = $1;
next TCPOPTS unless (($options_ar->[$i]->
{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{$sig_letter}}
% $sig_win_mod_val) == 0);
} ### else it is "W*" which always matches
} elsif ($sig_letter eq 'T') {
if ($sig_opts[$i] =~ /T0/) {
next TCPOPTS unless $options_ar->[$i]->
{$tcp_p0f_opt_types{$sig_letter}}
== 0;
} ### else it is just "T" which matches
}
}
}
OS: for my $os (keys %{$p0f_ipv4_sigs{$sig_len}
{$test_frag_bit}{$sig_ttl}{$sig_win_size}
{$sig_opts}}) {
my $sig = $p0f_ipv4_sigs{$sig_len}
{$test_frag_bit}{$sig_ttl}{$sig_win_size}
{$sig_opts}{$os};
print STDERR "[+] os: $os, $sig\n" if $debug;
$matched_os = 1;
$p0f{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$os} = '';
}
}
}
}
}
}
if ($debug and not $matched_os) {
print STDERR " Could not match $pkt_hr->{'src'} against any p0f signature.\n";
}
return;
}
sub parse_tcp_options() {
my ($src, $tcp_options) = @_;
my @opts = ();
my @hex_nums = ();
my $debug_str = '';
unless ($tcp_options) {
print STDERR 'no tcp options' if $debug;
return [];
}
if (length($tcp_options) % 2 != 0) { ### make sure length is a multiple of two
print STDERR 'tcp options length not a multiple of two.' if $debug;
return [];
}
### $tcp_options is a hex string like "020405B401010402" from the iptables
### log message
my @chars = split //, $tcp_options;
for (my $i=0; $i <= $#chars; $i += 2) {
my $str = $chars[$i] . $chars[$i+1];
push @hex_nums, $str;
}
my $max_parse_attempts = $#chars;
my $parse_ctr = 0;
OPT: for (my $opt_kind=0; $opt_kind <= $#hex_nums;) {
$parse_ctr++;
if ($parse_ctr > $max_parse_attempts) {
print STDERR " p0f() parse_ctr $parse_ctr > ",
"max_parse_attempts $max_parse_attempts\n" if $debug;
return [];
}
last OPT unless defined $hex_nums[$opt_kind+1];
my $is_nop = 0;
my $len = hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind+1]);
if (hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind]) == $tcp_nop_type) {
$debug_str .= 'NOP, ' if $debug;
push @opts, {$tcp_nop_type => ''};
$is_nop = 1;
} elsif (hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind]) == $tcp_mss_type) { ### MSS
my $mss_hex = '';
for (my $i=$opt_kind+2; $i < ($opt_kind+$len); $i++) {
$mss_hex .= $hex_nums[$i];
}
my $mss = hex($mss_hex);
push @opts, {$tcp_mss_type => $mss};
$debug_str .= 'MSS: ' . hex($mss_hex) . ', ' if $debug;
} elsif (hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind]) == $tcp_win_scale_type) {
my $window_scale_hex = '';
for (my $i=$opt_kind+2; $i < ($opt_kind+$len); $i++) {
$window_scale_hex .= $hex_nums[$i];
}
my $win_scale = hex($window_scale_hex);
push @opts, {$tcp_win_scale_type => $win_scale};
$debug_str .= 'Win Scale: ' . hex($window_scale_hex) . ', ' if $debug;
} elsif (hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind]) == $tcp_sack_type) {
push @opts, {$tcp_sack_type => ''};
$debug_str .= 'SACK, ' if $debug;
} elsif (hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind]) == $tcp_timestamp_type) {
my $timestamp_hex = '';
for (my $i=$opt_kind+2; $i < ($opt_kind+$len) - 4; $i++) {
$timestamp_hex .= $hex_nums[$i];
}
my $timestamp = hex($timestamp_hex);
push @opts, {$tcp_timestamp_type => $timestamp};
$debug_str .= 'Timestamp: ' . hex($timestamp_hex) . ', ' if $debug;
} elsif (hex($hex_nums[$opt_kind]) == 0) { ### End of option list
last OPT;
}
if ($is_nop) {
$opt_kind += 1;
} else {
if ($len == 0 or $len == 1) {
### this should never happen; it indicates a broken TCP stack
### or maliciously constructed options since the len field is
### not large enough to accomodate the TLV encoding
my $msg = "broken $len-byte len field within TCP options " .
"string: $tcp_options from source IP: $src";
print STDERR " $msg\n" if $debug;
&sys_log($msg);
return [];
}
### get to the next option-kind field
$opt_kind += $len;
}
}
if ($debug) {
$debug_str =~ s/\,$//;
print STDERR "[+] $debug_str\n" if $debug;
}
return \@opts;
}
sub parse_ip_options() {
my $ip_opts_str = shift;
my %ip_opts = ();
my @hex_nums = ();
if (length($ip_opts_str) % 2 != 0) { ### make sure length is a multiple of two
print STDERR 'IP options length not a multiple of two.' if $debug;
return '';
}
print STDERR "[+] parse_ip_options(): matched " if $debug;
push @hex_nums, $1 while $ip_opts_str =~ m|(.{2})|g;
OPT: for (my $i=0; $i <= $#hex_nums; $i++) {
my $val = hex($hex_nums[$i]);
for my $rfc_opt_val (keys %ip_options) {
next unless $val == $rfc_opt_val;
if ($ip_options{$rfc_opt_val}{'len'} ne '-1') {
$i += $ip_options{$rfc_opt_val}{'len'}
unless $ip_options{$rfc_opt_val}{'len'} == 1;
} else {
return \%ip_opts if ($i+1 > $#hex_nums);
### subtract out the option and length fields
my $pkt_opt_len = hex($hex_nums[$i+1]) - 2;
if ($i + $pkt_opt_len > $#hex_nums) {
### this should not happen unless the IP packet
### was truncated (i.e. the length argument for
### this option is past the IP options portion
### of the header).
return \%ip_opts;
}
$i += $pkt_opt_len;
}
if ($debug) {
printf STDERR ("$ip_options{$rfc_opt_val}{'sig_keyword'} " .
"(0x%x) ", $val) unless defined $ip_opts{$ip_options
{$rfc_opt_val}{'sig_keyword'}};
}
$ip_opts{$ip_options{$rfc_opt_val}{'sig_keyword'}} = '';
}
}
print STDERR "\n" if $debug;
return \%ip_opts;
}
sub posf() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
if ($pkt_hr->{'is_ipv6'}) {
&posf_ipv6($pkt_hr);
} else {
&posf_ipv4($pkt_hr);
}
return;
}
sub posf_ipv6() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
return;
}
sub posf_ipv4() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
my $src = $pkt_hr->{'src'};
my $len = $pkt_hr->{'ip_len'};
my $tos = $pkt_hr->{'tos'};
my $ttl = $pkt_hr->{'ttl'};
my $id = $pkt_hr->{'ip_id'};
my $win = $pkt_hr->{'win'};
my $min_ttl;
my $max_ttl;
my $id_str;
$posf{$src}{'len'}{$len}++;
$posf{$src}{'tos'}{$tos}++;
$posf{$src}{'ttl'}{$ttl}++;
$posf{$src}{'win'}{$win}++;
$posf{$src}{'ctr'}++;
push @{$posf{$src}{'id'}}, $id; ### need to maintain ordering
print STDERR "[+] posf(): $src LEN: $len, TOS: $tos, TTL: $ttl, ",
"ID: $id, WIN: $win\n" if $debug;
$id_str = &id_incr(\@{$posf{$src}{'id'}});
for my $os (keys %posf_sigs) {
if ($posf{$src}{'ctr'} >= $posf_sigs{$os}{'numpkts'}) {
($min_ttl, $max_ttl) = &ttl_range($posf{$src}{'ttl'});
if (defined $posf{$src}{'win'}{$posf_sigs{$os}{'win'}}
# and defined $posf{$src}{'tos'}{$posf_sigs{$os}{'tos'}}
and defined $posf{$src}{'len'}{$posf_sigs{$os}{'len'}}
### ttl's only decrease
and ($min_ttl > ($posf_sigs{$os}{'ttl'}-$max_hops))
and ($max_ttl <= $posf_sigs{$os}{'ttl'})
and $id_str eq $posf_sigs{$os}{'id'}) {
$posf{$src}{'guess'} = $os;
print STDERR "[+] posf(): matched OS: $os\n" if $debug;
return;
}
}
}
return;
}
sub id_incr() {
my $aref = shift;
for (my $i=0; $i<$#$aref; $i++) {
return 'RANDOM'
unless ($aref->[$i] < $aref->[$i+1]
and ($aref->[$i+1] - $aref->[$i]) < 1000);
}
return 'SMALLINCR';
}
sub ttl_range() {
my $hr = shift;
my $min_ttl = 256;
my $max_ttl = 0;
for my $ttl (keys %$hr) {
$min_ttl = $ttl if $ttl < $min_ttl;
$max_ttl = $ttl if $ttl > $max_ttl;
}
return $min_ttl, $max_ttl;
}
sub assign_sid_dl() {
my ($sid, $dl) = @_;
### see if /etc/psad/snort_rule_dl assigns a DL (may be
### zero).
if (defined $snort_rule_dl{$sid}) {
$dl = $snort_rule_dl{$sid};
}
print STDERR "[+] assign_sid_dl(): snort_rule_dl ",
"assigning SID $sid a danger level of ",
"$dl\n" if $debug;
return $dl;
}
sub add_fwsnort_sid() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
my $sid = $pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_sid'};
if (defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}) {
### see if we need to ignore this signature match
my $dl = &assign_sid_dl($sid, 2);
unless ($dl) {
print "[+] add_fwsnort_sid(): ignoring fwsnort signature ",
"match for SID: $sid (DL=0)\n" if $debug;
return 0, $SIG_MATCH;
}
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'} = 0
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{'tot_protocols'}++
unless defined $scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'pkts'}++;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'is_fwsnort'} = 1;
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'time'} = time();
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'fwsnort_rnum'}
= $pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_rnum'};
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'fwsnort_estab'}
= $pkt_hr->{'fwsnort_estab'};
$sig_sources{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = 1; ### is an fwsnort sid
$top_sigs{$sid}++;
$top_sig_counts{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}++;
if ($pkt_hr->{'proto'} eq 'tcp' or $pkt_hr->{'proto'} eq 'udp') {
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'dp'}
= $pkt_hr->{'dp'};
if ($pkt_hr->{'proto'} eq 'tcp') {
$scan{$pkt_hr->{'src'}}{$pkt_hr->{'dst'}}{$pkt_hr->{'proto'}}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$pkt_hr->{'chain'}}{'flags'}
= $pkt_hr->{'flags'};
}
}
return $dl, $SIG_MATCH;
} else {
print "[-] Found sid: $sid in packet, but no ",
"corresponding fwsnort rule.\n" if $debug;
}
return 0, $NO_SIG_MATCH;
}
sub delete_old_scans() {
my $current_time = time();
print STDERR "[+] delete_old_scans()\n" if $debug;
### see if we need to timeout any old scans
for my $src (keys %scan) {
for my $dst (keys %{$scan{$src}}) {
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'s_time'};
if (($current_time - $scan{$src}{$dst}{'s_time'})
>= $config{'SCAN_TIMEOUT'}) {
print STDERR " delete old scan $src -> $dst\n"
if $debug;
delete $scan{$src}{$dst};
if ($config{'MAX_SCAN_IP_PAIRS'} > 0) {
$scan_ip_pairs-- if $scan_ip_pairs > 0;
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub dshield_email_log() {
### dshield alert interval is in hours. Check to see if there are more
### than 10,000 lines of log data (and if the last alert was sent more than
### two hours later than the previous alert), and if yes send the alert
### email.
if (@dshield_data and ((time() - $last_dshield_alert)
>= $dshield_alert_interval)
or (($#dshield_data > 10000)
and ((time() - $last_dshield_alert) >= 2*3600))) {
my $dshield_version = $version;
$dshield_version =~ s/^(\d+\.\d+)\.\d+/$1/;
$dshield_version =~ s/-pre\d+//;
my $subject = "FORMAT DSHIELD USERID $config{'DSHIELD_USER_ID'} " .
"TZ $timezone psad Version $dshield_version";
if ($config{'DSHIELD_USER_EMAIL'} eq 'NONE') {
open MAIL, qq(| $cmds{'mail'} -s "$subject" ) .
$config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_EMAIL'} or die '[*] Could not send ',
'dshield alert email.';
### save this email to disk also
open DSSAVE, "> $config{'DSHIELD_EMAIL_FILE'}" or die '[*] ',
"Could not open $config{'DSHIELD_EMAIL_FILE'}: $!";
if ($config{'DSHIELD_DL_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
for my $line (@dshield_data) {
if ($line =~ /^.*?($ipv4_re)/) {
my $src = $1;
if (defined $scan_dl{$src}
and ($scan_dl{$src}
>= $config{'DSHIELD_DL_THRESHOLD'})) {
print MAIL $line;
print DSSAVE $line;
}
}
}
} else {
print MAIL for @dshield_data;
print DSSAVE for @dshield_data;
}
close MAIL;
close DSSAVE;
} else {
open MAIL, "| $cmds{'sendmail'} -oi -t" or die '[*] Could not ',
'send dshield alert email.';
### save this email to disk also
open DSSAVE, "> $config{'DSHIELD_EMAIL_FILE'}" or die '[*] ',
"Could not open $config{'DSHIELD_EMAIL_FILE'}: $!";
print MAIL "From: $config{'DSHIELD_USER_EMAIL'}\n",
"To: $config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_EMAIL'}\n",
"Subject: $subject\n";
print DSSAVE "From: $config{'DSHIELD_USER_EMAIL'}\n",
"To: $config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_EMAIL'}\n",
"Subject: $subject\n";
if ($config{'DSHIELD_DL_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
for my $line (@dshield_data) {
if ($line =~ /^.*?($ipv4_re)/) {
my $src = $1;
if (defined $scan_dl{$src}
and ($scan_dl{$src}
>= $config{'DSHIELD_DL_THRESHOLD'})) {
print MAIL $line;
print DSSAVE $line;
}
}
}
} else {
print MAIL for @dshield_data;
print DSSAVE for @dshield_data;
}
close MAIL;
close DSSAVE;
}
&sys_log("sent $#dshield_data lines of log data to " .
$config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_EMAIL'});
### store the current time
$last_dshield_alert = time();
### increment stats counters
$dshield_email_ctr++;
$dshield_lines_ctr += $#dshield_data;
### clear the dshield data array so we don't re-send
### any old data.
@dshield_data = ();
### Write Dshield stats to disk
&write_dshield_stats();
}
return;
}
sub check_icmp_type() {
my ($proto, $valid_types_hr, $type, $code) = @_;
print STDERR " check_icmp_type(type: $type, code: $code)\n" if $debug;
if (not defined $valid_types_hr->{$type}) {
print STDERR " bad $proto type\n" if $debug;
return $BAD_ICMP_TYPE;
} elsif (not defined $valid_types_hr->{$type}->{'codes'}->{$code}) {
print STDERR " bad $proto code\n" if $debug;
return $BAD_ICMP_CODE;
}
print STDERR " valid $proto type/code\n" if $debug;
return 0;
}
sub import_perl_modules() {
my $mod_paths_ar = &get_mod_paths();
if ($#$mod_paths_ar > -1) { ### /usr/lib/psad/ exists
push @$mod_paths_ar, @INC;
splice @INC, 0, $#$mod_paths_ar+1, @$mod_paths_ar;
}
if ($debug) {
print STDERR "[+] import_perl_modules(): The \@INC array:\n";
print STDERR "$_\n" for @INC;
}
require IPTables::ChainMgr;
require NetAddr::IP;
require Date::Calc;
require Unix::Syslog;
require Cwd;
require Storable if $store_file;
Date::Calc->import(qw(Timezone This_Year Decode_Month
Today Date_to_Time This_Year Mktime Localtime));
Unix::Syslog->import(qw(:subs :macros));
Storable->import(qw(retrieve store)) if $store_file;
$imported_syslog_module = 1;
return;
}
sub get_mod_paths() {
my @paths = ();
$config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'} = $lib_dir if $lib_dir;
unless (-d $config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'}) {
my $dir_tmp = $config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'};
$dir_tmp =~ s|lib/|lib64/|;
if (-d $dir_tmp) {
$config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'} = $dir_tmp;
} else {
return [];
}
}
opendir D, $config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'}
or die "[*] Could not open $config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'}: $!";
my @dirs = readdir D;
closedir D;
push @paths, $config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'};
for my $dir (@dirs) {
### get directories like "/usr/lib/psad/x86_64-linux"
next unless -d "$config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'}/$dir";
push @paths, "$config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'}/$dir"
if $dir =~ m|linux| or $dir =~ m|thread|
or (-d "$config{'PSAD_LIBS_DIR'}/$dir/auto");
}
return \@paths;
}
sub psad_init() {
%config = ();
%cmds = ();
### set umask to -rw-------
umask 0077;
### turn off buffering
$| = 1;
$no_syslog_alerts = 1 if $analyze_mode or $status_mode or $test_mode;
$no_email_alerts = 1 if $test_mode;
$debug = 1 if $test_mode;
### import any override config files first
&import_override_configs() if $override_config_str;
### import psad.conf
&import_config($config_file);
### import FW_MSG_SEARCH strings
&import_fw_search($config_file);
### expand any embedded vars within config values
&expand_vars();
### pid file hash
%pidfiles = (
'psadwatchd' => $config{'PSADWATCHD_PID_FILE'},
'psad' => $config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'},
'psad_fw_read' => $config{'PSAD_FW_READ_PID_FILE'},
'kmsgsd' => $config{'KMSGSD_PID_FILE'},
);
### dump configuration to STDOUT
if ($dump_conf or $dump_ipt_policy) {
my $rv = 0;
my $rv_tmp = 0;
$rv = &dump_conf() if $dump_conf;
$rv_tmp = &dump_ipt_policy() if $dump_ipt_policy;
$rv += $rv_tmp if $rv_tmp != 0;
exit $rv;
}
&dump_conf() if $test_mode;
### make sure all necessary configuration variables
### are defined
&required_vars();
### store the psad command line.
$cmdline_file = $config{'PSAD_CMDLINE_FILE'};
### make sure the values in the config file make sense
&validate_config();
### setup the appropriate iptables data file depending on whether
### SYSLOG_DAEMON is set to ulogd, or if ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE is set
### to 'Y'
unless ($benchmark or $fw_data_file) {
if ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i) {
$fw_data_file = $config{'ULOG_DATA_FILE'};
} elsif ($config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y') {
$fw_data_file = $config{'IPT_SYSLOG_FILE'};
} else {
$fw_data_file = $config{'FW_DATA_FILE'};
}
}
### check to make sure the commands specified in the config section
### are in the right place, and attempt to correct automatically if not.
### (wget is only needed in --sig-update mode)
my %cmd_exceptions = ('wget' => '');
$cmd_exceptions{'ifconfig'} = '' if $config{'IFCFGTYPE'} =~ /iproute2/i;
&check_commands(\%cmd_exceptions);
### import psad perl modules
&import_perl_modules();
### download latest signatures from
### http://www.cipherdyne.org/psad/signatures
exit &download_signatures() if $download_sigs;
### set some config variables based on command line input
&handle_cmdline();
$ipt_opts{'tmpdir'} = $config{'PSAD_DIR'};
$ipt_opts{'iptout_pat'} = $config{'IPT_OUTPUT_PATTERN'};
$ipt_opts{'ipterr_pat'} = $config{'IPT_ERROR_PATTERN'};
$ipt_opts{'debug'} = 1 if $debug;
$ipt_opts{'verbose'} = 1 if $verbose;
### build iptables block config hash out of IPT_AUTO_CHAIN keywords
### (we don't check ENABLE_AUTO_IDS here since someone may have turned
### it off but still want to run --Status checks or use --Flush).
&build_ipt_config() unless $syslog_server;
### The --Kill command line switch was given.
exit &stop_psad() if $kill;
### The --HUP command line switch was given.
exit &hup() if $hup;
### The --USR1 command line switch was given.
exit &usr1() if $usr1;
### The --Flush command line switch was given.
exit &sockwrite_flush_auto_rules() if $flush_fw;
### the --Restart command line switch was given
exit &restart() if $restart;
### list any existing iptables IPT_AUTO_CHAIN chains
exit &ipt_list_auto_chains() if $fw_list_auto;
### add an IP/network to the psad auto blocking chains via the
### domain socket (note that &sockwrite_add_ipt_block_ip() calls
### &import_auto_dl() to make sure we don't add an IP that should
### be ignored).
exit &sockwrite_add_ipt_block_ip() if $fw_block_ip;
### delete IP/network from psad auto blocking chains
exit &sockwrite_rm_ipt_block_ip() if $fw_rm_block_ip;
### send a warning via syslog if the HOME_NET variable definition
### appears to include a subnet that is not directly connected to
### the local system.
&validate_home_net();
### import icmp types and codes from psad_icmp_types; icmp "type"
### and "code" fields will be validated against the values in this
### file.
&import_icmp_types('icmp', \%valid_icmp_types, $config{'ICMP_TYPES_FILE'})
unless $no_icmp_types;
&import_icmp_types('icmp6', \%valid_icmp6_types,
$config{'ICMP6_TYPES_FILE'}) unless $no_icmp6_types;
### import p0f-based passive OS fingerprinting signatures
&import_p0f_ipv4_sigs() unless $no_posf;
### import TOS-based passive OS fingerprinting signatures
&import_posf_sigs() unless $no_posf;
### import IP protocols detail (derived from /etc/protocols)
&import_protocol_strings();
### import auto_dl file for automatic ip/network danger
### level assignment
&import_auto_dl() unless $no_auto_dl;
### parse snort rules if we enable psad to match on iptables log
### messages that include snort SID's (see "fwsnort":
### http://www.cipherdyne.org/fwsnort).
&import_snort_rules() unless $no_snort_sids;
### import psad signatures (note that these signatures have been
### adapted from the Snort IDS and contain several keywords that
### were added by the psad project).
&import_signatures() unless $no_signatures;
### the --Status command line switch was given
exit &status() if $status_mode;
### there is a set of ports that should be ignored
&parse_ignore_ports();
### there is a set of protocols that should be ignored
&parse_ignore_protocols();
### there is a set of interfaces that should be ignored
&parse_ignore_interfaces();
### enter iptables analysis mode.
exit &analysis_mode() if $analyze_mode;
### enter CSV output mode.
exit &csv_mode() if $csv_mode or $gnuplot_mode;
### enter benchmarking mode
exit &benchmark_mode() if $benchmark;
### analyze the iptables policy and exit
my $rv = &fw_analyze_mode();
exit $rv if $fw_analyze;
### make sure we are setup to run
&setup();
### dump config
&dump_conf() if $debug;
if ($restrict_ip_cmdline) {
$restrict_ip = new NetAddr::IP $restrict_ip_cmdline
or die "[*] Could not acquire NetAddr::IP object for $restrict_ip";
}
return;
}
sub validate_config() {
&check_enable_vars_value();
&is_digit_range('PORT_RANGE_SCAN_THRESHOLD', 0, 65535);
&is_digit_range('TOP_SCANS_CTR_THRESHOLD', 0, 500);
&is_digit_range('DSHIELD_ALERT_INTERVAL', 1, 24);
&is_digit_range('TOP_PORTS_LOG_THRESHOLD', 0, 65535);
&is_digit_range('STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD', 0, 65535);
&is_digit_range('TOP_IP_LOG_THRESHOLD', 0, 10000);
&is_digit_range('STATUS_IP_THRESHOLD', 0, 10000);
### it will be a long time before there are 100000 signatures
&is_digit_range('TOP_SIGS_LOG_THRESHOLD', 0, 100000);
&is_digit_range('STATUS_SIGS_THRESHOLD', 0, 10000);
die qq([*] Invalid EMAIL_ADDRESSES value: "$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}")
unless $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'} =~ /\S+\@\S+/;
### translate commas into spaces
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'} =~ s/\s*\,\s/ /g;
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y'
and $config{'IPTABLES_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'N'
and $config{'TCPWRAPPERS_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'N') {
die 'config warning, ENABLE_AUTO_IDS=Y, but ' .
'both IPTABLES_BLOCK_METHOD and TCPWRAPPERS_BLOCK_METHOD are ' .
'set to N.';
}
if ($status_min_dl and $status_min_dl > 5) {
die '[*] The --status-dl must be between 1 and 5.';
}
if ($no_kmsgsd and not $debug) {
die '[*] The --no-kmsgsd option can only be used with --debug.';
}
if ($fw_del_chains and not $flush_fw) {
die '[*] The --fw-del-chains option can only be used with --Flush.';
}
if ($fw_block_ip) {
unless ($fw_block_ip =~ m|^\s*$ipv4_re\s*$|
or $fw_block_ip =~ m|^\s*$ipv4_re/\d+\s*$|
or $fw_block_ip =~ m|^\s*$ipv4_re/$ipv4_re\s*$|) {
die '[*] The --fw-block-ip argument accepts ' .
'an IP address or network.';
}
}
if ($fw_rm_block_ip) {
unless ($fw_rm_block_ip =~ m|^\s*$ipv4_re\s*$|
or $fw_rm_block_ip =~ m|^\s*$ipv4_re/\d+\s*$|
or $fw_rm_block_ip =~ m|^\s*$ipv4_re/$ipv4_re\s*$|) {
die '[*] The --fw-rm-block-ip argument accepts ' .
'an IP address or network.';
}
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y') {
die "[*] Cannot set IPT_SYSLOG_FILE and FW_DATA_FILE to point ",
"at the same file." if $config{'IPT_SYSLOG_FILE'}
eq $config{'FW_DATA_FILE'};
}
unless ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL7/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL6/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL5/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL4/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL3/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL2/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL1/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL0/i) {
die "[*] Unrecognized SYSLOG_FACILITY, see psad.conf";
}
unless ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_INFO/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_DEBUG/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_NOTICE/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_WARNING/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_ERR/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_CRIT/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_ALERT/i
or $config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_EMERG/i) {
die "[*] Unrecognized SYSLOG_PRIORITY, see psad.conf";
}
if ($analyze_mode or $gnuplot_mode or $csv_mode) {
$fw_data_file = $config{'IPT_SYSLOG_FILE'}
unless $fw_data_file;
}
if ($gnuplot_mode and not $csv_fields) {
die "[*] Must specify which iptables fields to plot with the ",
"--CSV-fields argument."
}
my $journalctl_is_running = 0;
$journalctl_is_running = 1
if &look_for_process(qr/^root\s.*systemd\-journald\b/);
if ($config{'AUTO_DETECT_JOURNALCTL'} eq 'Y') {
if ($journalctl_is_running) {
$config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} = 'Y';
print STDERR "[*] journalctl appears to be running.\n" if $debug;
} else {
$config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} = 'N';
print STDERR "[*] journalctl appears to NOT be running.\n" if $debug;
}
} else {
if ($config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} eq 'Y') {
die "[*] Could not find/execute FW_MSG_READ_CMD: $config{'FW_MSG_READ_CMD'}"
unless -e $config{'FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} and -x $config{'FW_MSG_READ_CMD'};
### make sure systemd-journald is running and warn if not
unless ($journalctl_is_running) {
&sys_log('warning: it looks like systemd-journald is not running, ' .
'but ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD is enabled.');
}
} else {
### warn if systemd-journald is running since we likely won't see any
### firewall logs
if ($journalctl_is_running) {
&sys_log('warning: it looks like systemd-journald is running, ' .
'but ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD is not enabled.');
}
}
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_CUSTOM_SYSLOG_TS_RE'} eq 'Y') {
### validate a dummy regex match for syntax issues
my $test_re = qr/$config{'CUSTOM_SYSLOG_TS_RE'}/;
if ('teststr' =~ $test_re) {
print STDERR "[+] Syslog parsing regex compiled.\n" if $debug;
}
}
return;
}
sub open_fw_data() {
if ($config{'ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD'} eq 'Y') {
my $fwdata_fh = &fork_fw_read_cmd();
$s = IO::Select->new();
$s->add($fwdata_fh);
$fwdata_fh->flush();
return $fwdata_fh;
} else {
print STDERR "[+] Opening iptables data file: $fw_data_file\n"
if $debug;
open my $fwdata_fh, $fw_data_file or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$fw_data_file: $!";
return $fwdata_fh;
}
die "[*] Did not open a source of firewall log data";
}
sub reopen_fw_data() {
my ($fwdata_fh, $truncate_flag) = @_;
close $fwdata_fh;
### truncate fwdata file
&truncate_file($fw_data_file) if $truncate_flag;
open $fwdata_fh, $fw_data_file or die
"[*] Could not open $fw_data_file: $!";
return $fwdata_fh;
}
sub fork_fw_read_cmd() {
$fw_read_cmd = $config{'FW_MSG_READ_CMD'};
$fw_read_cmd .= " $config{'FW_MSG_READ_CMD_ARGS'} "
if $config{'USE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD_ARGS'} eq 'Y';
$fw_read_cmd =~ s/\s$//;
print STDERR "[+] Reading iptables logs via: '$fw_read_cmd'\n"
if $debug;
### Credit:
### http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9214964/how-do-i-watch-a- \
### running-programs-stdout-from-a-perl-program-that-called-it
socketpair CMDA,CMDB,AF_UNIX,SOCK_STREAM,PF_UNSPEC;
if (fork() == 0) {
&write_pid($config{'PSAD_FW_READ_PID_FILE'});
open my $fh, '-|', $fw_read_cmd;
while (<$fh>) {
print CMDB;
CMDB->flush();
}
close $fh;
exit $? >> 8;
}
return *CMDA;
}
sub check_enable_vars_value() {
for my $var (keys %config) {
next unless $var =~ /^ENABLE_/;
### make sure that all of the "ENABLE_" vars have a value of
### 'Y' or 'N'
$config{$var} = uc($config{$var});
unless ($config{$var} eq 'Y' or $config{$var} eq 'N'
or $config{$var} eq 'YES' or $config{$var} eq 'NO') {
die "[*] $var variable must be 'Y' or 'N'";
}
}
return;
}
sub is_digit_range() {
my ($key, $min, $max) = @_;
die "[*] $key must be an integer >= $min and <= $max"
unless $config{$key} =~ m|^\d+$| and $config{$key} >= $min
and $config{$key} <= $max;
return;
}
sub get_connected_subnets() {
my @connected_subnets = ();
if ($config{'IFCFGTYPE'} =~ /iproute2/i) {
my @ip_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ip'}, 'addr')};
my $intf_name = '';
my $home_net_str = '';
for my $line (@ip_out) {
if ($line =~ /^\d+:\s+(\S+): </) {
$intf_name = $1;
next;
}
next if $intf_name eq 'lo';
next if $intf_name =~ /dummy/i;
if ($line =~ /^\s+inet.*?($ipv4_re)\/(\d+)/i) {
push @connected_subnets, new NetAddr::IP($1, $2);
} elsif ($line =~ /inet6\s(\S+)/) {
push @connected_subnets, new6 NetAddr::IP($1);
}
}
} else {
my @ifconfig_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ifconfig'}, '-a')};
my $intf_name = '';
my $home_net_str = '';
for my $line (@ifconfig_out) {
if ($line =~ /^(\S+)\s+Link/) {
$intf_name = $1;
next;
}
next if $intf_name eq 'lo';
next if $intf_name =~ /dummy/i;
if ($line =~ /^\s+inet.*?:($ipv4_re).*:($ipv4_re)/i) {
push @connected_subnets, new NetAddr::IP($1, $2);
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s+inet6\saddr:\s+(\S+)/) {
push @connected_subnets, new6 NetAddr::IP($1);
}
}
}
return \@connected_subnets;
}
sub validate_home_net() {
@local_nets = ();
return if $config{'HOME_NET'} eq 'any'
and $config{'ENABLE_INTF_LOCAL_NETS'} eq 'N';
my $connected_subnets_ar = &get_connected_subnets();
if ($config{'ENABLE_INTF_LOCAL_NETS'} eq 'Y' and not $analyze_mode) {
my $connected_str = '';
for my $net (@$connected_subnets_ar) {
push @local_nets, $net;
$connected_str .= $net->network()->cidr() . ", ";
}
$connected_str =~ s|,\s*$||;
$config{'HOME_NET'} = $connected_str;
$config{'HOME_NET'} = 'any' unless $connected_str;
} else {
if ($config{'HOME_NET'} =~ /CHANGEME/) {
&sys_log('config warning: the HOME_NET ' .
'variable has not been set, defaulting to "any"');
$config{'HOME_NET'} = 'any';
return;
}
my @home_nets = split /\s*\,\s*/, $config{'HOME_NET'};
my $found_one_net = 0;
for my $net (@home_nets) {
my $home_net = '';
if ($net =~ m|($ipv4_re/$ipv4_re)|) {
$home_net = new NetAddr::IP $1;
} elsif ($net =~ m|($ipv4_re/\d+)|) {
$home_net = new NetAddr::IP $1;
} elsif ($net =~ m|($ipv4_re)|) {
$home_net = new NetAddr::IP $1;
} else {
next;
}
push @local_nets, new NetAddr::IP $net;
my $found = 0;
for my $net (@$connected_subnets_ar) {
$found = $found_one_net = 1
if $home_net->within($net);
}
unless ($found) {
### note that this might be ok if psad is running on a syslog
### server, but the most likely explanation is that there was a
### typo in the HOME_NET variable defintion.
&sys_log('config warning: HOME_NET definition ' .
qq|in psad.conf contains "$home_net" which does not appear | .
"to be directly connected to the local system.");
}
}
$config{'HOME_NET'} = 'any' unless $found_one_net;
}
return;
}
sub is_local() {
my ($ip, $ip_obj) = @_;
print STDERR "[+] is_local(): $ip..." if $debug;
if ($test_mode) {
print STDERR "(test mode enabled) no\n";
return 0;
}
my $found = 0;
for my $net (@local_nets) {
if ($ip_obj->within($net)) {
$found = 1;
last;
}
}
if ($debug) {
$found == 0 ? print STDERR "no\n" : print STDERR "yes\n";
}
return $found;
}
sub import_ip_options() {
%ip_options = ();
open O, "< $config{'IP_OPTS_FILE'}" or die
"[*] Couild not open IP options file $config{'IP_OPTS_FILE'}: $!";
while (<O>) {
next unless /\S/;
next if /^\s*#/;
### 136 4 satid Stream Identifier
### 145 -1 extproto Extended Internet Proto
if (/^\s*(\d+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\w+)\s+(.*)\s*/) {
$ip_options{$1}{'len'} = $2;
$ip_options{$1}{'sig_keyword'} = $3;
$ip_options{$1}{'desc'} = $4;
} else {
}
}
close O;
print STDERR "[+] IP options:\n", Dumper(\%ip_options)
if $debug and $verbose;
return;
}
sub import_fw_search() {
my $config_file = shift;
@fw_search = ();
open F, "< $config_file" or die "[*] Could not open config ",
"string file $config_file: $!";
my @lines = <F>;
close F;
my $found_fw_search = 0;
for my $line (@lines) {
next unless $line =~ /\S/;
next if $line =~ /^\s*#/;
if ($line =~ /^\s*FW_MSG_SEARCH\s+(.*?);/) {
push @fw_search, $1;
$found_fw_search = 1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*FW_SEARCH_ALL\s+(\w+);/) {
my $strategy = $1;
if ($strategy eq 'Y' or $strategy eq 'N') {
$config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} = $strategy;
}
}
}
unless (defined $config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'}) {
$config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} = 'Y';
}
unless ($config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'Y' or
$config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'N') {
$config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} = 'Y';
}
if ($config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'N' and not $found_fw_search) {
push @fw_search, 'DROP';
}
return;
}
sub parse_ignore_ports() {
### zero out the hash since a HUP signal may have been received
%ignore_ports = ();
return if $config{'IGNORE_PORTS'} eq 'NONE';
&parse_port_range(\%ignore_ports, $config{'IGNORE_PORTS'});
return;
}
sub parse_port_range() {
my ($hr, $line) = @_;
my @fields = split /\s*,\s*/, $line;
for my $field (@fields) {
if ($field =~ m/(tcp|udp)\/(\d+)\s*-\s*(\d+)/i) {
my $proto = lc($1);
my $low = $2;
my $high = $3;
if ($low < $high) {
my $existing_high = 0;
if (defined $hr->{$proto}
and defined $hr->{$proto}->{'range'}
and defined $hr->{$proto}->{'range'}->{$low}) {
$existing_high = $hr->{$proto}->{'range'}->{$low};
}
if ($existing_high) {
if ($high > $existing_high) {
$hr->{$proto}->{'range'}->{$low} = $high;
}
} else {
$hr->{$proto}->{'range'}->{$low} = $high;
}
}
} elsif ($field =~ m/(tcp|udp)\/(\d+)/i) {
my $proto = lc($1);
my $port = $2;
$hr->{$proto}->{'port'}->{$port} = '';
}
}
return;
}
sub parse_ignore_protocols() {
### zero out the hash since a HUP signal may have been received
%ignore_protocols = ();
return if $config{'IGNORE_PROTOCOLS'} eq 'NONE';
my @protos = split /\s*,\s*/, $config{'IGNORE_PROTOCOLS'};
for my $proto (@protos) {
if ($proto =~ /\W/) {
&sys_log('invalid protocol in IGNORE_PROTOCOLS var');
} else {
if ($proto =~ /^\d+$/) {
### IP protocol number
$ignore_protocols{$proto} = '';
### add the string as well
$ignore_protocols{lc($protocol_strings{$proto}{'name'})} = ''
if defined $protocol_strings{$proto};
} else {
$ignore_protocols{lc($proto)} = '';
### try to add the number as well
for my $proto_num (keys %protocol_strings) {
if ($proto eq lc($protocol_strings{$proto_num}{'name'})) {
$ignore_protocols{$proto_num} = '';
last;
}
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub parse_ignore_interfaces() {
### zero out the hash since a HUP signal may have been received
%ignore_interfaces = ();
return if $config{'IGNORE_INTERFACES'} eq 'NONE';
my @interfaces = split /\s*,\s*/, $config{'IGNORE_INTERFACES'};
for my $intf (@interfaces) {
if ($intf !~ /^[\w.:]+$/) {
&sys_log('invalid interface in IGNORE_INTERFACES var');
} else {
$ignore_interfaces{$intf} = '';
}
}
return;
}
sub import_snort_rules() {
%fwsnort_sigs = ();
for my $dir ($config{'SNORT_RULES_DIR'},
$config{'FWSNORT_RULES_DIR'}) {
next unless -d $dir;
opendir D, $dir or die "[*] Could not open $dir: $!";
my @rfiles = readdir D;
closedir D;
FILE: for my $rfile (@rfiles) {
next FILE unless $rfile =~ /\.rules$/;
if ($srules_type) {
next FILE unless $rfile =~ /^${srules_type}\.rules$/;
}
my ($type) = ($rfile =~ /(\w+)\.rules/);
open R, "< $dir/${rfile}" or
die "[*] Could not open: ${srules_type}/${rfile}";
while (<R>) {
next unless /^\s*alert/;
my $sid; ### snort rule id
if (/[\s;]sid:\s*(\d+)\s*;/) {
$sid = $1;
} else {
next;
}
$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'} = $1
if /msg:\s*\"(.*?)\"\s*;/;
$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'is_psad_id'} = 0;
if (/^\s*alert\s+(\w+)/) {
$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'proto'} = lc($1);
}
if (/[\s;]classtype:\s*(.*?)\s*;/) {
$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'classtype'} = $1;
} else {
$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'classtype'} = '';
}
$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'priority'} = &convert_snort_priority($1)
if /[\s;]priority:\s*(\d+)\s*;/;
### import multiple content fields; someone could have built
### a series of custom iptables chains in order to detect
### multiple content strings.
while (/[\s;](?:uri)?content:\s*\"(.*?)\"\s*;/g) {
push @{$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'content'}}, $1;
}
while (/[\s;]reference:\s*(.*?)\s*;/g) {
my $ref = $1;
if ($ref =~ /^(\w+),(\S+)/) {
### reference:bugtraq,9732;
push @{$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'reference'}{lc($1)}}, $2;
}
}
next unless defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'}
and defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'classtype'}
and defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'content'};
}
close R;
}
}
### import the Snort classification.config file
&import_snort_class_priorities();
### import the reference.config file
&import_snort_reference_config();
### import any specific SID -> DL mappings from the
### snort_rule_dl file
&import_snort_rule_dl();
print STDERR Dumper %fwsnort_sigs if $debug and $verbose;
&sys_log("imported original Snort rules in " .
"$config{'SNORT_RULES_DIR'}/ for reference info");
return;
}
sub import_snort_class_priorities() {
my $snort_class_file = "$config{'SNORT_RULES_DIR'}/classification.config";
return unless -e $snort_class_file;
open F, "< $snort_class_file" or die $!;
while (<F>) {
### config classification: rpc-portmap-decode,Decode of an RPC Query,2
if (/config\s+classification:\s+(\S+),.*(\d+)/) {
### the snort priority value can go from 1 to 10, with 1 being the
### worst offense and 10 being the least. Most priorities are
### from 1 to 4. We need to map these into the psad danger levels
### (reversed). NOTE: the Snort engine does not enforce the 1-10
### range.
$snort_class_dl{$1} = &convert_snort_priority($2);
}
}
close F;
&sys_log('imported Snort classification.config');
return;
}
sub convert_snort_priority() {
my $snort_priority = shift;
my $psad_dl = 1;
if ($snort_priority == 1) {
$psad_dl = 5;
} elsif ($snort_priority == 2) {
$psad_dl = 4;
} elsif ($snort_priority == 3) {
$psad_dl = 3;
} elsif ($snort_priority == 4) {
$psad_dl = 2;
}
return $psad_dl;
}
sub import_snort_reference_config() {
my $ref_file = "$config{'SNORT_RULES_DIR'}/reference.config";
return unless -e $ref_file;
open F, "< $ref_file" or die $!;
while (<F>) {
if (/^\s*config\s+reference:\s+(\w+)\s+(\S+)/) {
### config reference: bugtraq http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/
$snort_ref_baseurl{lc($1)} = $2;
}
}
close F;
return;
}
sub import_snort_rule_dl() {
%snort_rule_dl = ();
### parse the snort_rule_dl file
return unless -e $config{'SNORT_RULE_DL_FILE'};
open F, "< $config{'SNORT_RULE_DL_FILE'}" or die $!;
while (<F>) {
next unless /^\s*\d/;
if (/^\s*(\d+)\s+(\d+)/) {
### <sid> <dl>
my $sid = $1;
my $dl = $2;
unless ($dl >= 0 and $dl < 6) {
next;
}
$snort_rule_dl{$sid} = $dl;
}
}
close F;
return;
}
### for signatures that psad is able to detect with iptables logs that do
### not contain "SIDnnn" messages generated by fwsnort (and hence have no
### application layer matching criteria)
sub import_signatures() {
### import the ip_options file so that psad can make use of the
### ipopts keyword in Snort rules (requires --log-ip-options to
### iptables)
&import_ip_options();
### undef so we don't leave old signatures around if
### we execute this code after receiving a HUP signal.
%sigs = ();
%sig_search = ();
%sig_ip_objs = ();
### make sure no duplicate psad_id and sid fields exist
my %psad_ids = ();
my %sids = ();
open SIGS, "< $config{'SIGS_FILE'}" or die
"[*] Could not open the signatures file $config{'SIGS_FILE'}: $!";
my $line_num = 0;
my $sig_ctr = 0;
my $next_available_sid = 1;
SIG: while (<SIGS>) {
$line_num++;
next SIG unless /\S/;
next SIG if /^\s*#/;
my %sig = ();
### alert tcp $HOME_NET 12345:12346 -> $EXTERNAL_NET any
### (msg:"BACKDOOR netbus active"; flow:from_server,established;
### content:"NetBus"; reference:arachnids,401; classtype:misc-activity;
### sid:109; rev:4; psad_dlevel:2)
my $rule_hdr = '';
my $rule_options = '';
if (m|^(.*?)\s+\((.*)\)|) {
$rule_hdr = $1;
$rule_options = $2;
} else {
die "[*] import_signatures(): bad signature on line: ",
"$line_num";
}
### parse rule header (routine taken from fwsnort).
if ($rule_hdr =~ m|^\s*alert\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)
\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)|x) {
my $direction = $4;
if ($direction eq '<>') {
$sig{'bidir'} = 1;
} else {
$sig{'bidir'} = 0;
}
my $src = '';
my $dst = '';
if ($direction eq '<-') {
$sig{'proto'} = lc($1);
$src = $5; ### switch src and dst
$dst = $2;
$sig{'sp'} = $3;
$sig{'dp'} = $6;
} else {
$sig{'proto'} = lc($1);
$src = $2; ### normal src -> dst
$dst = $5;
$sig{'sp'} = $3;
$sig{'dp'} = $6;
}
$sig{'src'} = &expand_sig_ips($src, $line_num);
$sig{'dst'} = &expand_sig_ips($dst, $line_num);
### assign the source and destination port ranges
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'sp', 1, 65535, $line_num);
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'dp', 1, 65535, $line_num);
} else {
die "[*] import_signatures(): bad rule ",
"header on line: $line_num";
}
### make sure the signature does not contain any unsupported
### Snort rule options
unless (&check_supported_options($rule_options, $line_num)) {
next SIG;
}
### parse rule options
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]psad_id:\s*(\d+)\s*;/) {
my $psad_id = $1;
if (defined $psad_ids{$psad_id}) {
die "[*] import_signatures(): Duplicate psad_id: $psad_id ",
qq|on line: $line_num|;
} elsif (defined $sids{$psad_id}) {
die "[*] import_signatures(): Duplicate psad_id: $psad_id ",
qq|to sid on line: $line_num|;
}
$psad_ids{$psad_id} = '';
$sig{'psad_id'} = $psad_id;
$next_available_sid = $psad_id if $psad_id > $next_available_sid;
} else {
my $msg = "[*] import_signatures(): could not find signature" .
qq| "psad_id" on line: $line_num|;
if ($config{'ENABLE_SNORT_SIG_STRICT'} eq 'Y') {
die $msg;
} else {
&sys_log($msg);
next SIG;
}
}
### original Snort sid
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]sid:\s*(\d+)\s*;/) {
my $sid = $1;
if (defined $sids{$sid}) {
die "[*] import_signatures(): Duplicate sid: $sid ",
qq|on line: $line_num|;
} elsif (defined $psad_ids{$sid}) {
die "[*] import_signatures(): Duplicate sid: $sid ",
qq|to psad_id on line: $line_num|;
}
$sids{$sid} = '';
$sig{'sid'} = $sid;
$sig{'is_psad_id'} = 0;
$next_available_sid = $sid if $sid > $next_available_sid;
} else {
### the signature was derived from several Snort rules
$sig{'sid'} = $sig{'psad_id'};
$sig{'is_psad_id'} = 1;
}
### msg field
if ($rule_options =~ /msg:\s*\"(.+?)\"\s*;/) {
$sig{'msg'} = $1;
} else {
die "[*] import_signatures(): could not find ",
qq|"msg" keyword on line: $line_num|;
}
### classtype field
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]classtype:\s*(.+?)\s*;/) {
$sig{'classtype'} = $1;
} else {
$sig{'classtype'} = '';
}
### reference field
while ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]reference:\s*(.*?)\s*;/g) {
my $ref = $1;
if ($ref =~ /^(\w+),(\S+)/) {
### reference:bugtraq,9732;
push @{$sig{'reference'}{lc($1)}}, $2;
}
}
### psad danger level
$sig{'dl'} = 2; ### default danger level
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]psad_dl:\s*(\d+)/) {
$sig{'dl'} = $1;
} elsif ($sig{'classtype'}) {
### assign the danger level from the classification.config
### file if the psad_dl field does not exist
if (defined $snort_class_dl{$sig{'classtype'}}) {
$sig{'dl'} = $snort_class_dl{$sig{'classtype'}};
}
}
### see the signature was derived from a set of Snort rules
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]psad_derived_sids:\s*(.+?)\s*;/) {
$sig{'psad_derived_sids'} = [split /\s*,\s*/, $1];
}
### sameip keyword
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]sameip;/) {
$sig{'sameip'} = 1;
}
### psad_dsize keyword
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]psad_dsize:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'psad_dsize'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'psad_dsize', 1, 1514, $line_num);
}
### psad_ip_len keyword
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]psad_ip_len:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'psad_ip_len'} = $1;
### technically, the minimum length must be $IP_HEADER_LEN
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'psad_ip_len', 1, 65536, $line_num);
}
### dsize keyword
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]dsize:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'dsize'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'dsize', 1, 1514, $line_num);
}
### ttl keyword
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]ttl:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'ttl'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'ttl', 1, 255, $line_num);
}
### id keyword (for IP ID value)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]id:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'id'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'id', 1, 65535, $line_num);
}
### ipopts keyword (for IP options)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]ipopts:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'ipopts'} = lc($1);
### make sure the IP option is defined in the ip_options
### file
my $found = 0;
for my $opt_val (keys %ip_options) {
$found = 1
if $sig{'ipopts'} eq $ip_options{$opt_val}{'sig_keyword'};
}
unless ($found) {
print STDERR qq|[-] Invalid argument "$sig{'ipopts'}" to |,
"ipopts keyword\n" if $debug;
}
}
### TCP keywords
if ($sig{'proto'} eq 'tcp') {
my $require_ack = 0;
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]flow:\s*established\s*\;/i) {
$require_ack = 1;
}
### TCP flags
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]flags:\s*(.+?)\s*;/) {
my $sig_flags = $1;
my $flags = '';
### make flags identical to what iptables log messages
### would report (check in iptables flag reporting order).
if ($sig_flags =~ /U/) {
if ($flags) {
$flags = 'URG ' . $flags;
} else {
$flags .= 'URG ';
}
}
if ($sig_flags =~ /A/ or $require_ack) {
$flags .= 'ACK ';
}
$flags .= 'PSH ' if $sig_flags =~ /P/;
$flags .= 'RST ' if $sig_flags =~ /R/;
$flags .= 'SYN ' if $sig_flags =~ /S/;
$flags .= 'FIN ' if $sig_flags =~ /F/;
### if no flags are set iptables simply reports no flags
### at all instead of reporting "NULL".
$flags = 'NULL' if $sig_flags =~ /N/;
$flags =~ s/\s*$// if $flags;
$sig{'flags'} = $flags;
}
### seq keyword (TCP sequence number)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]seq:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'seq'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'seq', 1,
4294967296, $line_num);
}
### ack keyword (TCP acknowledgement number)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]ack:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'ack'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'ack', 1,
4294967296, $line_num);
}
### window keyword (TCP window size)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]window:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'window'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'window', 1,
65535, $line_num);
}
} elsif ($sig{'proto'} eq 'udp') {
### no specific UDP header tests
} elsif ($sig{'proto'} eq 'icmp') {
### ICMP keywords
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]itype:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'itype'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'itype', 1,
255, $line_num);
}
### itype keyword (ICMP type)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]icode:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'icode'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'icode', 1,
255, $line_num);
}
### icmp_seq keyword (ICMP sequence value)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]icmp_seq:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'icmp_seq'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'icmp_seq',
1, 255, $line_num);
}
### icmp_id keyword (ICMP ID value)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]icmp_id:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'icmp_id'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'icmp_id',
'icmp_id_s', 'icmp_id_e', 'icmp_id_neg',
1, 255, $line_num);
}
} elsif ($sig{'proto'} eq 'ip') {
### ip_proto keyword (IP protocol value)
if ($rule_options =~ /[\s;]ip_proto:\s*(.+?)\s*;/i) {
$sig{'ip_proto'} = $1;
&build_sig_int_range(\%sig, 'ip_proto',
1, 255, $line_num);
}
} else {
die "[*] import_signatures(): unsupported protocol: ",
"$sig{'proto'} at line: $line_num";
}
### add this signature into attributes cache
$sigs{$sig{'sid'}} = \%sig;
### add this signature into the fast lookup cache
for my $src (@{$sig{'src'}}) {
for my $dst (@{$sig{'dst'}}) {
if ($sig{'proto'} eq 'icmp' or $sig{'proto'} eq 'ip') {
$sig_search{$sig{'proto'}}{$src}{$dst}{$sig{'sid'}} = '';
} elsif ($sig{'proto'} eq 'tcp' or $sig{'proto'} eq 'udp'
or $sig{'proto'} eq 'udplite') {
my $sp_type = 'norm';
$sp_type = 'neg' if $sig{'sp_neg'};
my $dp_type = 'norm';
$dp_type = 'neg' if $sig{'dp_neg'};
$sig_search{$sig{'proto'}}{$src}{$dst}{$sp_type}{$sig{'sp_s'}}
{$sig{'sp_e'}}{$dp_type}{$sig{'dp_s'}}{$sig{'dp_e'}}
{$sig{'sid'}} = '';
}
}
}
$sig_ctr++;
}
close SIGS;
if ($get_next_rule_id) {
$next_available_sid++;
print "[+] Next available rule ID: $next_available_sid\n";
exit 0;
}
if ($debug and $verbose) {
print STDERR "[+] Main signatures hash:\n",
Dumper(\%sig_search), Dumper(\%sigs);
}
&sys_log("imported $sig_ctr psad Snort signatures " .
"from $config{'SIGS_FILE'}");
return;
}
sub check_supported_options() {
my ($rule_options, $line_num) = @_;
for my $opt (@unsupported_snort_opts) {
### see if we match a regex belonging to an unsupported option
if ($rule_options =~ m|[\s;]$opt:\s*.*?\s*;|) {
my $msg = '[*] import_signatures(): Unsupported rule option: ' .
qq|"$opt" at line: $line_num|;
if ($config{'ENABLE_SNORT_SIG_STRICT'} eq 'Y') {
die $msg;
} else {
&sys_log($msg);
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
}
sub import_icmp_types() {
my ($proto, $type_hr, $file) = @_;
open F, "< $file" or die "[*] Could not open $file: $!";
my $icmp_type = -1;
while (<F>) {
next if /^\s*#/;
if (/^(\d+)\s+(.*)/) {
$icmp_type = $1;
my $icmp_type_text = $2;
if ($icmp_type_text =~ /unassigned/i) {
$icmp_type = -1;
}
$type_hr->{$icmp_type}->{'text'} = $icmp_type_text;
$type_hr->{$icmp_type}->{'codes'}{-1} = '';
next;
}
if (/^\s+(\d+)\s+(.*)/ and $icmp_type > -1) {
my $icmp_code = $1;
my $icmp_code_text = $2;
next if $icmp_code_text =~ /unassigned/i;
### don't really need to add the icmp code text here since
### we validate against the icmp type first (i.e. an invalid
### icmp code is meaningless unless we first have a valid
### icmp type).
$type_hr->{$icmp_type}->{'codes'}->{$icmp_code} = '';
}
}
close F;
print STDERR Dumper $type_hr if $debug and $verbose;
&sys_log("imported valid $proto types and codes");
return;
}
sub expand_sig_ips() {
my ($ip_str, $line_num) = @_;
my @arr = ();
### resolve any embedded vars
if ($ip_str =~ m|\$.+\$|) {
die "[*] import_signature(): Multiple embedded vars not supported ",
"at line: $line_num";
} elsif ($ip_str =~ m|\$(\w+)|) {
my $sub_var = $1;
if (defined $config{$sub_var}) {
$ip_str =~ s|\$\w+|$config{$sub_var}|;
} else {
die qq|[*] import_signatures(): sub-var "$sub_var" at line: |,
"$line_num not defined in psad.conf";
}
}
if ($ip_str =~ m|,|) {
my @ips = split /\s*,\s*/, $ip_str;
for my $ip (@ips) {
if ($ip =~ m|($ipv4_re/$ipv4_re)|
or $ip =~ m|($ipv4_re/\d+)|
or $ip =~ m|($ipv4_re)|) {
push @arr, $1;
$sig_ip_objs{$1} = new NetAddr::IP($1);
} elsif ($ip =~ m|\:|) {
push @arr, $ip;
$sig_ip_objs{$ip} = new NetAddr::IP($ip)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP error for $ip";
}
}
} elsif ($ip_str =~ m|($ipv4_re/$ipv4_re)|
or $ip_str =~ m|($ipv4_re/\d+)|
or $ip_str =~ m|($ipv4_re)|) {
push @arr, $1;
$sig_ip_objs{$1} = new NetAddr::IP($1)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP error for $1";
} elsif ($ip_str =~ m|\:|) {
push @arr, $ip_str;
$sig_ip_objs{$ip_str} = new NetAddr::IP($ip_str)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP error for $ip_str";
} elsif ($ip_str eq 'any' or $ip_str =~ m|NOT_?USED|i) {
### handle NOT_USED case from older psad versions
push @arr, 'any';
### this will match any IPv4 or IPv6 address
$sig_ip_objs{'any'}
= new6 NetAddr::IP('0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/0');
} else {
die "[*] import_signatures(): Unrecognized src/dst: $ip_str ",
"at line: $line_num";
}
return \@arr;
}
sub build_sig_int_range() {
my ($sig_hr, $keyword, $range_start, $range_end, $line_num) = @_;
my $start_key = "${keyword}_s";
my $end_key = "${keyword}_e";
my $neg_key = "${keyword}_neg";
my $val = $sig_hr->{$keyword};
### resolve any embedded vars
if ($val =~ m|\$.+\$|) {
die "[*] import_signature(): Multiple embedded vars not supported ",
"at line: $line_num";
} elsif ($val =~ m|\$(\w+)|) {
my $sub_var = $1;
if (defined $config{$sub_var}) {
$val =~ s|\$\w+|$config{$sub_var}|;
$sig_hr->{$keyword} = $val;
} else {
die qq|[*] import_signatures(): sub-var "$sub_var" at line: |,
"$line_num not defined in psad.conf";
}
}
$sig_hr->{$start_key} = $range_start;
$sig_hr->{$end_key} = $range_end;
if ($val =~ m|\!|) {
$sig_hr->{$neg_key} = 1;
} else {
$sig_hr->{$neg_key} = 0;
}
$val =~ s|\!||;
return if $val eq 'any';
if ($val =~ m|^\s*(\d+)\s*:\s*(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$start_key} = $1;
$sig_hr->{$end_key} = $2;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*(\d+)\s*:|) {
$sig_hr->{$start_key} = $1;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*:(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$end_key} = $1;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*\<=\s*(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$end_key} = $1;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*\<\s*(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$end_key} = $1-1;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*\>=\s*(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$start_key} = $1;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*\>\s*(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$start_key} = $1+1;
} elsif ($val =~ m|^\s*(\d+)|) {
$sig_hr->{$start_key} = $sig_hr->{$end_key} = $1;
} else {
die "[*] import_signatures(): Unrecognized value: ",
"$val at line: $line_num";
}
return;
}
sub import_auto_dl() {
%auto_dl = (); ### undef so we don't leave old ips in %auto_dl
my $i = 0;
open F, "< $config{'AUTO_DL_FILE'}" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$config{'AUTO_DL_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
$i++;
next unless /\S/;
next if /^\s*#/;
my $ip = '';
my $mask = '';
my $dl = '';
my $opt_criteria = '';
if (m|^\s*($ipv4_re)\s*/\s*($ipv4_re)\s+([0-5])\s*(.*);|) {
$ip = $1;
$mask = $2;
$dl = $3;
$opt_criteria = $4;
} elsif (m|^\s*($ipv4_re)\s*/\s*(\d+)\s+([0-5])\s*(.*);|) {
$ip = $1;
$mask = $2;
$dl = $3;
$opt_criteria = $4;
} elsif (m|^\s*($ipv4_re)\s+([0-5])\s*(.*);|) {
$ip = $1;
$mask = '32'; ### single IP
$dl = $2;
$opt_criteria = $3;
} elsif (m|^\s*(\S+)\s+([0-5])\s*(.*);|) {
my $str = $1;
$dl = $2;
$opt_criteria = $3;
if ($str =~ /\:/) {
### check to see if this is an IPv6 address
if ($str =~ m|(\S+)/(\S+)|) {
$ip = $1;
$mask = $2;
} else {
$ip = $str;
$mask = '128';
}
} else {
### check to see if it is a hostname
my $hostname = $str;
my $iaddr = 0;
$iaddr = inet_aton($hostname);
unless ($iaddr) {
&sys_log(qq|could not resolve auto_dl "$hostname" | .
"to an IP at line $i");
next;
}
$ip = inet_ntoa($iaddr) or
&sys_log(qq|could not resolve auto_dl "$hostname" | .
"to an IP at line $i");
$mask = '32'; ### single IP
}
} else {
&sys_log("improperly formatted auto_dl line $i");
next;
}
$auto_dl_ip_objs{$ip} = new NetAddr::IP($ip, $mask);
unless (defined $auto_dl_ip_objs{$ip} and $auto_dl_ip_objs{$ip}) {
&sys_log("auto_dl could not acquire NetAddr::IP object at line $i");
next;
}
$auto_dl{$ip}{'mask'} = $mask;
$auto_dl{$ip}{'dl'} = $dl;
if (m|icmp|i) {
$auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'icmp'}{'all'} = '';
}
### check for optional port/protocol criteria
if (/tcp/i or /udp/i) {
&parse_port_range(\%{$auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}}, $opt_criteria);
}
if (m|tcp|i and not defined $auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'tcp'}) {
$auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'tcp'}{'all'} = '';
}
if (m|udplite|i and
not defined $auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'udplite'}) {
$auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'udplite'}{'all'} = '';
}
if (m|udp|i and not defined $auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'udp'}) {
$auto_dl{$ip}{'proto'}{'udp'}{'all'} = '';
}
unless ($ip and ($mask =~ /^0$/ or $mask)) { ### allow a mask of "0"
unless ($fw_block_ip) {
my $subject = "$config{'MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX'} import warning: " .
"$config{'AUTO_DL_FILE'} error on line: $i";
&send_mail($subject, '', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'},
$cmds{'mail'});
}
}
}
close F;
if (%auto_dl) {
### don't write syslog message if we are running in --fw-block-ip
### mode
unless ($fw_block_ip) {
my $msg = "imported auto_dl file, got " . (keys %auto_dl) .
" IP addrs/networks";
print STDERR $msg, "\n" if $debug;
&sys_log($msg);
}
}
return;
}
sub import_p0f_ipv4_sigs() {
%p0f_ipv4_sigs = ();
my $p0f_file = $config{'P0F_FILE'};
open P, "< $p0f_file" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$p0f_file: $!";
my @lines = <P>;
close P;
my $os = '';
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
next if $line =~ /^\s*#/;
next unless $line =~ /\S/;
### S3:64:1:60:M*,S,T,N,W1: Linux:2.5::Linux 2.5 (sometimes 2.4)
### 16384:64:1:60:M*,N,W0,N,N,T: FreeBSD:4.4::FreeBSD 4.4
### 16384:64:1:44:M*: FreeBSD:2.0-2.2::FreeBSD 2.0-4.1
if ($line =~ /^(\S+?):(\S+?):(\S+?):(\S+?):(\S+?):\s+(.*)\s*/) {
my $win_size = $1;
my $ttl = $2;
my $frag_bit = $3;
my $len = $4;
my $options = $5;
my $os = $6;
my $sig_str = "$win_size:$ttl:$frag_bit:$len:$options";
### don't know how to handle MTU-based window size yet
unless ($win_size =~ /T/) {
$p0f_ipv4_sigs{$len}{$frag_bit}{$ttl}{$win_size}{$options}{$os}
= $sig_str;
}
}
}
print STDERR Dumper %p0f_ipv4_sigs if $debug and $verbose;
&sys_log('imported p0f-based passive OS fingerprinting signatures');
return;
}
sub import_posf_sigs() {
%posf_sigs = ();
my $posf_file = $config{'POSF_FILE'};
open P, "< $posf_file" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$posf_file: $!";
my @lines = <P>;
close P;
my $os = '';
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
next if ($line =~ /^\s*#/);
next unless ($line =~ /\S/);
if ($line =~ /^\s*OS\s+(.*);/) {
$os = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*NUMPKTS\s+(\d+);/) {
$posf_sigs{$os}{'numpkts'} = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*TOS\s+(\w+);/) {
$posf_sigs{$os}{'tos'} = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*LEN\s+(\d+);/) {
$posf_sigs{$os}{'len'} = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*TTL\s+(\d+);/) {
$posf_sigs{$os}{'ttl'} = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*ID\s+(\w+);/) {
$posf_sigs{$os}{'id'} = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*WINDOW\s+(\d+);/) {
$posf_sigs{$os}{'win'} = $1;
}
}
### make sure each of the os signatures has all fields defined
OS: for my $os (keys %posf_sigs) {
unless (defined $posf_sigs{$os}{'numpkts'}) {
&sys_log("$posf_file: missing " .
"NUMPKTS for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
}
unless (defined $posf_sigs{$os}{'tos'}) {
&sys_log("$posf_file: missing " .
"TOS for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
}
unless (defined $posf_sigs{$os}{'len'}) {
&sys_log("$posf_file: missing " .
"LEN for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
}
unless (defined $posf_sigs{$os}{'ttl'}) {
&sys_log("$posf_file: missing " .
"TTL for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
}
unless (defined $posf_sigs{$os}{'id'}) {
&sys_log("$posf_file: missing " .
"ID for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
} else {
unless ($posf_sigs{$os}{'id'} eq 'SMALLINCR'
|| $posf_sigs{$os}{'id'} eq 'RANDOM') {
&sys_log("$posf_file: ID must " .
"be either SMALLINCR or RANDOM for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
}
}
unless (defined $posf_sigs{$os}{'win'}) {
&sys_log("$posf_file: missing " .
"WINDOW for os: $os");
delete $posf_sigs{$os};
next OS;
}
}
print STDERR Dumper %posf_sigs if $debug and $verbose;
&sys_log('imported TOS-based passive OS fingerprinting signatures');
return;
}
sub check_range() {
my ($port, $start, $end) = @_;
$start = $port if ($port < $start);
$end = $port if ($port > $end);
return $start, $end;
}
### assign a danger level to each scan in the current interval.
sub assign_danger_level() {
my ($curr_scan_hr, $curr_sigs_dl_hr, $curr_sids_dl_hr) = @_;
SRC: for my $src (keys %$curr_scan_hr) {
my $changed_dl = 0;
print STDERR "[+] assign_danger_level(): source IP: $src (dl: ",
"$scan_dl{$src})\n" if $debug;
if (defined $curr_sigs_dl_hr->{$src}) {
if ($scan_dl{$src} < $curr_sigs_dl_hr->{$src}) {
$scan_dl{$src} = $curr_sigs_dl_hr->{$src};
$changed_dl = 1;
}
}
if (defined $curr_sids_dl_hr->{$src}) {
if ($scan_dl{$src} < $curr_sids_dl_hr->{$src}) {
$scan_dl{$src} = $curr_sids_dl_hr->{$src};
$changed_dl = 1;
}
}
DST: for my $dst (keys %{$curr_scan_hr->{$src}}) {
my $absnum = $scan{$src}{$dst}{'absnum'};
my $tot_protocols = $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'};
my $range = 0;
my $s_port = 65535;
my $e_port = 0;
if ($changed_dl) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
}
### calculate the range over _both_ tcp and udp
for my $proto (qw(tcp udp udplite)) {
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto};
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_sp'};
if ($s_port > $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_sp'}) {
$s_port = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_sp'};
}
if ($e_port < $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_ep'}) {
$e_port = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_ep'};
}
}
if ($e_port) {
$range = $e_port - $s_port;
} else { ### for icmp
$range = $absnum;
}
### if PORT_RANGE_SCAN_THRESHOLD is >= 1, then psad will not assign
### a danger level to repeated packets to the same port
if ($absnum < $config{'DANGER_LEVEL1'}) {
### don't have enough packets to even reach danger level 1 yet.
next DST;
}
if ($range >= $config{'PORT_RANGE_SCAN_THRESHOLD'}
or $tot_protocols >= $config{'PROTOCOL_SCAN_THRESHOLD'}) {
if ($absnum < $config{'DANGER_LEVEL2'}) {
if ($scan_dl{$src} < 1) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
$scan_dl{$src} = 1;
}
} elsif ($absnum < $config{'DANGER_LEVEL3'}) {
if ($scan_dl{$src} < 2) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
$scan_dl{$src} = 2;
}
} elsif ($absnum < $config{'DANGER_LEVEL4'}) {
if ($scan_dl{$src} < 3) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
$scan_dl{$src} = 3;
}
} elsif ($absnum < $config{'DANGER_LEVEL5'}) {
if ($scan_dl{$src} < 4) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
$scan_dl{$src} = 4;
}
} elsif ($scan_dl{$src} < 5) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0
if $config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N';
$scan_dl{$src} = 5;
}
}
}
print STDERR '[+] assign_danger_level(): DL (after assignment) = ',
"$scan_dl{$src}\n" if $debug;
}
return;
}
sub assign_auto_danger_level() {
my $pkt_hr = shift;
### see if the source should automatically be assigned a
### danger level
NET: for my $net (keys %auto_dl) {
my $dl = $auto_dl{$net}{'dl'};
my $mask = $auto_dl{$net}{'mask'}; ### may be a /32 (single IP)
### check to see if $pkt_hr->{'src'} is contained within an auto_dl network
next NET unless $pkt_hr->{'s_obj'}->within($auto_dl_ip_objs{$net});
### $pkt_hr->{'src'} is part of an ignored network
return 0 if $dl == 0;
if ($scan_dl{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} < $dl) {
if (not defined $auto_dl{$net}{'proto'}) {
### all protocols are applicable
$scan_dl{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = $dl;
&sys_log('auto-assigned danger level: ' .
"$dl for IP: $pkt_hr->{'src'}");
return $dl;
} else {
for my $proto (keys %{$auto_dl{$net}{'proto'}}) {
next unless $pkt_hr->{'proto'} eq $proto;
if (defined $auto_dl{$net}{'proto'}{$proto}{'port'}
or defined $auto_dl{$net}{'proto'}{$proto}{'range'}) {
if (&match_port(\%{$auto_dl{$net}{'proto'}{$proto}},
$pkt_hr->{'dp'})) {
$scan_dl{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = $dl;
&sys_log('auto-assigned danger ' .
"level: $dl for IP: $pkt_hr->{'src'}");
return $dl;
}
} elsif (defined $auto_dl{$net}{'proto'}{$proto}{'all'}) {
### we only require to match the protocol
$scan_dl{$pkt_hr->{'src'}} = $dl;
&sys_log('auto-assigned danger ' .
"level: $dl for IP: $pkt_hr->{'src'}");
return $dl;
}
}
}
}
}
return -1;
}
sub check_scan_proto() {
my ($proto, $scan_hr) = @_;
for my $dst (keys %$scan_hr) {
return 1 if defined $scan_hr->{$dst}->{$proto};
}
return 0;
}
sub write_global_packet_counters() {
open P, "> $config{'PACKET_COUNTER_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'PACKET_COUNTER_FILE'}: $!";
for my $proto (keys %protocols) {
next unless defined $proto_ctrs{$proto};
printf P "%8s: %d\n", $proto, $proto_ctrs{$proto};
}
close P;
return;
}
sub write_prefix_counters() {
open P, "> $config{'IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE'}: $!";
for my $prefix (keys %ipt_prefixes) {
my $count = $ipt_prefixes{$prefix};
print P "$prefix: $count\n";
}
close P;
return;
}
sub write_dshield_stats() {
open D, "> $config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'}: $!";
print D "total emails: $dshield_email_ctr\n",
"total packets: $dshield_lines_ctr\n";
close D;
return;
}
sub write_src_packet_counters() {
my ($hr, $tcp_absrange, $udp_absrange, $file) = @_;
open P, "> $file" or
die "[*] Could not open $file: $!";
for my $chain (keys %$hr) {
for my $intf (keys %{$hr->{$chain}}) {
for my $proto (keys %protocols) {
next unless defined $hr->{$chain}->{$intf}->{$proto};
if ($proto eq 'tcp' and $tcp_absrange) {
print P "${chain}_${intf}_${proto}: ",
"$hr->{$chain}->{$intf}->{$proto} [$tcp_absrange]\n";
} elsif (($proto eq 'udp' or $proto eq 'udplite') and $udp_absrange) {
print P "${chain}_${intf}_${proto}: ",
"$hr->{$chain}->{$intf}->{$proto} [$udp_absrange]\n";
} else {
print P "${chain}_${intf}_${proto}: ",
"$hr->{$chain}->{$intf}->{$proto}\n";
}
}
}
}
close P;
return;
}
sub collect_errors() {
my $bad_packets_ar = shift;
open ERR, ">> $config{'FW_ERROR_LOG'}" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$config{'FW_ERROR_LOG'}: $!";
for my $line (@$bad_packets_ar) {
print ERR $line;
}
close ERR;
return;
}
sub log_top_scans() {
### top scanned ports
open P, "> $config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'}.tmp" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'}: $!";
print P "#\n# Format: <proto> <port> <packets>\n#\n\n";
if (%top_tcp_ports) {
print P "# Top scanned TCP ports:\n";
my $ctr = 0;
for my $dp (sort {$top_tcp_ports{$b} <=> $top_tcp_ports{$a}}
keys %top_tcp_ports) {
printf P "tcp %-5d $top_tcp_ports{$dp}\n", $dp;
$ctr++;
if ($config{'TOP_PORTS_LOG_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'TOP_PORTS_LOG_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
print P "\n" if %top_udp_ports;
}
if (%top_udp_ports) {
my $ctr = 0;
print P "# Top scanned UDP ports:\n";
for my $dp (sort {$top_udp_ports{$b} <=> $top_udp_ports{$a}}
keys %top_udp_ports) {
printf P "udp %-5d $top_udp_ports{$dp}\n", $dp;
$ctr++;
if ($config{'TOP_PORTS_LOG_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'TOP_PORTS_LOG_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
}
close P;
move "$config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'}.tmp",
$config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'};
### top signature matches
open S, "> $config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'}.tmp" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'}: $!";
print S "#\n# Format: <sid> \"<msg>\" <matches> <num_sources> ",
"<sig_proto>\n#\n\n";
my $ctr = 0;
for my $sid (sort {$top_sigs{$b} <=> $top_sigs{$a}} keys %top_sigs) {
my $found = 0;
my $num_sources = keys %{$sig_sources{$sid}};
if (defined $sigs{$sid} and defined $sigs{$sid}{'msg'}) {
print S qq|$sid "$sigs{$sid}{'msg'}" $top_sigs{$sid} | .
qq|$num_sources $sigs{$sid}{'proto'}\n|;
$found = 1;
} elsif (defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}
and defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'}) {
print S qq|$sid "$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'}" $top_sigs{$sid} | .
qq|$num_sources $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'proto'}\n|;
$found = 1;
}
$ctr++ if $found;
if ($config{'TOP_SIGS_LOG_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'TOP_SIGS_LOG_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
close S;
move "$config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'}.tmp",
$config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'};
### top attackers
open A, "> $config{'TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE'}: $!";
$ctr = 0;
print A "#\n# Format: <IP> <DL> <total_packets> ",
"<uniq_sigs> <sig_matches> <is_local>\n#\n\n";
for my $src (sort {$scan_dl{$b} cmp $scan_dl{$a}} keys %scan_dl) {
next unless $scan_dl{$src} >= $config{'MIN_DANGER_LEVEL'};
next unless defined $top_packet_counts{$src}
or defined $top_sig_counts{$src};
my $str = sprintf "%-15s %d", $src, $scan_dl{$src};
if (defined $top_packet_counts{$src}) {
$str .= " $top_packet_counts{$src}";
} else {
$str .= ' 0';
}
my $uniq_sigs = 0;
for my $sid (keys %sig_sources) {
$uniq_sigs++ if defined $sig_sources{$sid}{$src};
}
$str .= " $uniq_sigs";
if (defined $top_sig_counts{$src}) {
$str .= " $top_sig_counts{$src}";
} else {
$str .= ' 0';
}
if (defined $local_src{$src}) {
$str .= ' 1';
} else {
$str .= ' 0';
}
print A $str, "\n";
$ctr++;
if ($config{'TOP_IP_LOG_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'TOP_IP_LOG_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
close A;
return;
}
sub scan_logr() {
my $curr_scan_hr = shift;
return if $benchmark;
if ($analyze_mode) {
return unless $analyze_write_data;
### Log scan data
print "[+] Writing $config{'PSAD_DIR'}/<IP> directories.\n";
print " This may take a while...\n" if ((keys %$curr_scan_hr) > 1000);
if ($analysis_emails) {
print "[+] Generating email alerts...\n";
unless ($no_whois or $config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N') {
print "[+] Issuing whois lookups (may take several seconds).\n";
}
}
}
SRC: for my $src (keys %$curr_scan_hr) {
print STDERR "[+] scan_logr(): source IP: $src\n" if $debug;
### only send alerts for scans that are at least at
### danger level 1 or above.
unless ($scan_dl{$src} >= $config{'MIN_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
print STDERR " No alerts sent for $src; danger ",
"level $scan_dl{$src} not high enough\n" if $debug;
next SRC;
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'N') {
unless (defined $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'}) {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'} = 0;
} elsif ($config{'EMAIL_LIMIT'} > 0
and $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'}
>= $config{'EMAIL_LIMIT'}) {
### ignore EMAIL_LIMIT if it is zero
unless (defined $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'stop_email'}
or $config{'EMAIL_LIMIT_STATUS_MSG'} eq 'N') {
&email_limit_reached($src, '');
}
&sys_log("email limit reached for src: $src");
next SRC;
}
unless ($no_email_alerts) {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'}++;
}
if ($config{'EMAIL_THROTTLE'} > 1) {
next SRC if (($scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'}
% $config{'EMAIL_THROTTLE'}) == 0);
}
}
DST: for my $dst (keys %{$curr_scan_hr->{$src}}) {
### see if we have already sent an alert for $src
### (against $dst) for this danger level.
if ($config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N') {
next DST if $scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'};
}
my $syslog_flags = '';
my $src_dns_str = '';
my $dst_dns_str = '';
my $rdns = '';
my $src_subj = '';
my $dst_subj = '';
my $src_mac = '';
my $dst_mac = '';
my $syslog_range = '';
my $tcp_newrange = '';
my $tcp_absrange = '';
my $udp_newrange = '';
my $udp_absrange = '';
my $tcp_newpkts = 0;
my $udp_newpkts = 0;
my $icmp_newpkts = 0;
my $other_proto_newpkts = 0;
my $tcp_f = 0;
my $udp_f = 0;
my $icmp_f = 0;
my $scan_style_str = '';
my $whois_info_ar;
### get the current danger level and the absolute number
### of packets used in the scan so far
my $curr_dl = $scan_dl{$src};
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
unless (defined $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'}) {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'} = 0;
} elsif ($config{'EMAIL_LIMIT'} > 0
and $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'}
>= $config{'EMAIL_LIMIT'}) {
### ignore EMAIL_LIMIT if it is zero
unless (defined $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'stop_email'}
or $config{'EMAIL_LIMIT_STATUS_MSG'} eq 'N') {
&email_limit_reached($src, $dst);
}
&sys_log("email limit reached for src: $src " .
"against dst: $dst");
next DST;
}
unless ($no_email_alerts) {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'}++;
}
if ($config{'EMAIL_THROTTLE'} > 1) {
next DST if (($scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'}
% $config{'EMAIL_THROTTLE'}) == 0);
}
}
print STDERR "[+] scan_logr(): dst IP: $dst\n" if $debug;
### make $src directory here in /var/log/psad
### unless it already exists
mkdir "$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/${src}", 0700
unless -d "$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/${src}";
my $src_dir = "$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/${src}";
my $dl_file = "${src_dir}/danger_level";
my $posf_file = "${src_dir}/os_guess";
my $p0f_file = "${src_dir}/p0f_guess";
my $email_file = "${src_dir}/${dst}_email_alert";
my $log_sigs = "${src_dir}/${dst}_signatures";
my $s_time_file = "${src_dir}/${dst}_start_time";
my $pkt_ctr_file = "${src_dir}/${dst}_packet_ctr";
my $ecount_file = "${src_dir}/email_ctr";
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
$ecount_file = "${src_dir}/${dst}_email_ctr";
}
### print the current danger level to the danger_level file.
open DL, "> $dl_file" or die "[*] Could not open $dl_file: $!";
print DL $curr_dl, "\n";
close DL;
### write out the TOS-based os guess (if there is one).
if (defined $posf{$src} and defined $posf{$src}{'guess'}) {
open P, "> $posf_file" or
die "[*] Could not open $posf_file: $!";
print P $posf{$src}{'guess'}, "\n";
close P;
}
### write out the p0f-based os guess(es) (if there is one).
if (defined $p0f{$src}) {
open P, "> $p0f_file" or
die "[*] Could not open $p0f_file: $!";
for my $os (keys %{$p0f{$src}}) {
print P "$os\n";
}
close P;
}
### write out the start time.
open T, "> $s_time_file" or
die "[*] Could not open $s_time_file: $!";
print T $scan{$src}{$dst}{'s_time'}, "\n";
close T;
$src_mac = $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'s_mac'}
if defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'s_mac'};
$dst_mac = $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'d_mac'}
if defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'d_mac'};
if (defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tcp'}
and defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tcp'}{'abs_sp'}) {
my $tcp_s_port
= $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tcp'}{'abs_sp'};
my $tcp_e_port
= $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tcp'}{'abs_ep'};
if ($tcp_s_port == $tcp_e_port) {
$tcp_absrange = $tcp_s_port;
} else {
$tcp_absrange = "$tcp_s_port-$tcp_e_port";
}
}
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}
and defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'strtp'}) {
$tcp_f = 1;
my $tcp_s_port
= $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'strtp'};
my $tcp_e_port
= $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'endp'};
if ($tcp_s_port == $tcp_e_port) {
$tcp_newrange = $tcp_s_port;
} else {
$tcp_newrange = "$tcp_s_port-$tcp_e_port";
}
$tcp_newpkts =
$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'pkts'};
}
if (defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'udp'}
and $scan{$src}{$dst}{'udp'}{'abs_sp'}) {
my $udp_s_port
= $scan{$src}{$dst}{'udp'}{'abs_sp'};
my $udp_e_port
= $scan{$src}{$dst}{'udp'}{'abs_ep'};
if ($udp_s_port == $udp_e_port) {
$udp_absrange = $udp_s_port;
} else {
$udp_absrange = "$udp_s_port-$udp_e_port";
}
}
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}
and $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}->{'strtp'}) {
$udp_f = 1;
my $udp_s_port
= $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}->{'strtp'};
my $udp_e_port
= $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}->{'endp'};
if ($udp_s_port == $udp_e_port) {
$udp_newrange = $udp_s_port;
} else {
$udp_newrange = "$udp_s_port-$udp_e_port";
}
$udp_newpkts = $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}->{'pkts'};
}
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'icmp'}) {
$icmp_f = 1;
$icmp_newpkts =
$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'icmp'}->{'pkts'};
}
for my $str (keys %{$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}}) {
next if $str eq 'tcp' or $str eq 'udp'
or $str eq 'udplite' or $str eq 'icmp'
or $str eq 'icmp6' or $str eq 'tot_protocols';
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$str};
next unless defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{$str}->{'pkts'};
$other_proto_newpkts +=
$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{$str}->{'pkts'};
}
### write out the overall packet counters for $src.
&write_src_packet_counters($scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'},
$tcp_absrange, $udp_absrange, $pkt_ctr_file);
### get reverse dns info
$src_subj = $src;
$dst_subj = $dst;
unless ($no_rdns or $config{'ENABLE_DNS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N') {
$src_dns_str = &get_dns_info($src);
if ($src_dns_str) {
$src_subj = $src_dns_str;
} else {
$src_dns_str = '[No reverse dns info available]';
}
$dst_dns_str = &get_dns_info($dst);
if ($dst_dns_str) {
$dst_subj = $dst_dns_str;
} else {
$dst_dns_str = '[No reverse dns info available]';
}
}
### get whois info
my $whois_which_ip_str = 'source IP';
unless ($no_whois or $config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N') {
my $lookup_ip = $src; ### default
### we're most likely interested in the whois information for
### a non local IP address
if ($config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_FORCE_SRC_IP'} eq 'N'
and &is_local($src, new NetAddr::IP($src))
and not &is_local($dst, new NetAddr::IP($dst))) {
$whois_which_ip_str = 'destination IP';
$lookup_ip = $dst;
}
$whois_info_ar = &get_whois_info($lookup_ip,
"${src_dir}/${lookup_ip}_whois");
if ($debug and $verbose) {
print STDERR for @$whois_info_ar;
}
}
print STDERR "[+] scan_logr(): generating email.....\n"
if $test_mode or $debug;
### get the absolute starting time for the scan and the
### current time
my $s_time = '';
my $abs_s_time = scalar localtime $scan{$src}{$dst}{'s_time'};
if (not $analyze_mode and ((time() - $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'}) <
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'s_time'})) {
$s_time = $abs_s_time;
} else {
$s_time = scalar localtime((time()
- $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'}));
}
my $time = scalar localtime();
### email file handle
my $fh;
### open the email alert file
if ($no_daemon) {
$fh = *STDOUT;
} else {
open E, "> $email_file" or
die "[*] Could not open $email_file: $!";
$fh = *E;
}
print $fh "=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= $time =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=",
"-=-=-=-=\n\n\n";
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s", 'Danger level: ',
"[$scan_dl{$src}] (out of 5)";
if ($scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'} > 1) {
print $fh ' Multi-Protocol';
}
if (defined $auto_assigned_msg{$src}) {
print $fh ' Auto-assigned';
delete $auto_assigned_msg{$src};
}
print $fh "\n\n";
if ($curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tot_protocols'}
>= $config{'PROTOCOL_SCAN_THRESHOLD'}) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s%s\n", 'IP Protocol scan: ',
"[$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tot_protocols'}",
' unique protocols, Nmap -sO]';
$scan_style_str .= 'Nmap -sO IP protocol scan,';
}
if ($tcp_f) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Scanned TCP ports: ',
"[$tcp_newrange: $tcp_newpkts packets]";
my $prefix = 'TCP flags: ';
for my $flags (keys %{$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->
{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'flags'}}) {
my $nmap_opts = '';
$syslog_flags .= "$flags ";
my $n_pkts = $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->
{'tcp'}->{'flags'}->{$flags};
### FUTURE: replace this with a simple hash lookup
if ($flags eq 'SYN') {
$nmap_opts = '-sT or -sS';
} elsif ($flags eq 'FIN') {
$nmap_opts = '-sF';
} elsif ($flags eq 'URG PSH FIN') {
$nmap_opts = '-sX';
} elsif ($flags eq 'NULL') {
$nmap_opts = '-sN';
} elsif ($flags eq 'URG PSH SYN FIN') {
$nmap_opts = '-O';
}
if ($curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'is_topera'}) {
$scan_style_str = "Topera $flags scan";
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", $prefix,
"[$flags: $n_pkts packets, Topera $flags scan]";
} elsif ($curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'is_masscan'}) {
$scan_style_str = "Masscan $flags scan";
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", $prefix,
"[$flags: $n_pkts packets, Masscan $flags scan]";
} else {
if ($nmap_opts) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", $prefix,
"[$flags: $n_pkts packets, Nmap: $nmap_opts]";
} else {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", $prefix,
"[$flags: $n_pkts packets]";
}
if ($scan_style_str) {
$scan_style_str .= " $nmap_opts scan,";
} else {
$scan_style_str = "Nmap $nmap_opts scan,";
}
$prefix = '';
}
}
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'chain'}) {
&print_chains_and_prefixes(
$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'tcp'}->{'chain'}, $fh);
}
$syslog_flags =~ s/\s*$//;
$syslog_range = "tcp: [$tcp_newrange]";
$syslog_range .= " flags: $syslog_flags" if $syslog_flags;
}
if ($udp_f) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Scanned UDP ports: ',
"[$udp_newrange: $udp_newpkts packets, Nmap: -sU]";
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}->{'chain'}) {
&print_chains_and_prefixes(
$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'udp'}->{'chain'},
$fh);
}
$syslog_range = "udp: [$udp_newrange]";
$scan_style_str .= ' -sU scan,';
}
if ($icmp_f) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'icmp packets: ',
"[$icmp_newpkts]";
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'icmp'}->{'chain'}) {
&print_chains_and_prefixes(
$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'icmp'}->{'chain'},
$fh);
}
}
$scan_style_str =~ s/\,$//;
printf $fh "\n%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Source: ', $src;
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'DNS: ', $src_dns_str
unless $no_rdns or $config{'ENABLE_DNS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N';
if ($config{'ENABLE_MAC_ADDR_REPORTING'} eq 'Y') {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'MAC: ', $src_mac
if $src_mac;
}
unless ($no_posf) {
if (defined $p0f{$src}) { ### prefer p0f-based fingerprinting
### any p0f fingerprint that contains a "@" is an
### approximate match
my $found_exact_match = 0;
for my $os (keys %{$p0f{$src}}) {
if ($os !~ /\@/) {
$found_exact_match = 1;
last;
}
}
my $printed_guess_line = 0;
for my $os (keys %{$p0f{$src}}) {
if ($found_exact_match) {
next if $os =~ /\@/;
}
if ($printed_guess_line) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", ' ', $os;
} else {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'OS guess: ',
$os;
}
$printed_guess_line = 1;
}
} elsif (defined $posf{$src}{'guess'}) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'OS guess: ',
$posf{$src}{'guess'};
}
}
printf $fh "\n%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Destination: ', $dst;
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'DNS: ', $dst_dns_str
unless $no_rdns or $config{'ENABLE_DNS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N';
if ($config{'ENABLE_MAC_ADDR_REPORTING'} eq 'Y') {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'MAC: ', $dst_mac
if $dst_mac;
}
print $fh "\n";
### print the overall stats since the scan began
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Overall scan start: ',
$abs_s_time;
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Total email alerts: ',
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'};
} else {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Total email alerts: ',
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'};
}
if ($tcp_absrange) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Complete TCP range: ',
"[$tcp_absrange]";
}
if ($udp_absrange) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Complete UDP range: ',
"[$udp_absrange]";
}
if (defined $curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'syslog_host'}) {
my $syslog_hosts = '';
$syslog_hosts .= "$_, " for keys
%{$curr_scan_hr->{$src}->{$dst}->{'syslog_host'}};
$syslog_hosts =~ s/\,\s+$//;
if ($syslog_hosts =~ /\,/) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Syslog hostnames: ',
$syslog_hosts;
} else {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'Syslog hostname: ',
$syslog_hosts;
}
}
printf $fh "\n";
printf $fh "%${log_len}s\n", 'Global stats: ';
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%-9s%-12s%-11s%-10s\n", '',
'chain:', 'interface:', 'protocol:', 'packets:';
for my $chain (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}}) {
for my $intf (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}}) {
for my $proto (sort {$a cmp $b} keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}{$intf}}) {
my $pkts = $scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}{$intf}{$proto};
if (defined $protocol_strings{$proto}) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%-9s%-12s%-11s%-10s\n", '', $chain,
$intf, $protocol_strings{$proto}{'name'}, $pkts;
} else {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%-9s%-12s%-11s%-10s\n", '', $chain,
$intf, $proto, $pkts;
}
}
}
}
### print out any matched signatures to the email
### alert file and also to the signature log
&scan_logr_signatures($src, $dst, $fh, $log_sigs);
### write a scan message to syslog
my $syslog_str = 'scan detected ';
$syslog_str .= "($scan_style_str): " if $scan_style_str;
$syslog_str .= "$src -> $dst";
$syslog_str .= " $syslog_range" if $syslog_range;
$syslog_str .= " tcp pkts: $tcp_newpkts" if $tcp_newpkts;
$syslog_str .= " udp pkts: $udp_newpkts" if $udp_newpkts;
$syslog_str .= " icmp pkts: $icmp_newpkts" if $icmp_newpkts;
$syslog_str .= " other proto pkts: $other_proto_newpkts"
if $other_proto_newpkts;
$syslog_str .= " DL: $curr_dl";
&sys_log($syslog_str);
unless ($no_whois or $config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N') {
print $fh "\n[+] Whois Information ($whois_which_ip_str):\n";
for my $line (@$whois_info_ar) {
print $fh $line;
}
}
print $fh "\n=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= $time =-=-=-=-=-=-=-=",
"-=-=-=-=\n";
close $fh unless $no_daemon;
if ($curr_dl >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}
and not $no_daemon) {
unless ($analyze_mode and not $analysis_emails) {
my $subject;
if ($analyze_mode) {
$subject = "$config{'MAIL_ALERT_PREFIX'} " .
"DL$curr_dl (analysis " .
"mode) src: $src_subj dst: $dst_subj";
} else {
$subject = "$config{'MAIL_ALERT_PREFIX'} " .
"DL$curr_dl src: " .
"$src_subj dst: $dst_subj";
}
&send_mail($subject, $email_file,
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
### print the number of email alerts we have sent
open E, "> $ecount_file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$ecount_file: $!";
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
print E $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'}, "\n";
} else {
print E $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'}, "\n";
}
close E;
if ($config{'ENABLE_EXT_SCRIPT_EXEC'} eq 'Y') {
if ($config{'EXEC_EXT_SCRIPT_PER_ALERT'} eq 'Y') {
&exec_external_script($src, $config{'EXTERNAL_SCRIPT'});
$scan_ext_exec{$src} = '';
} else {
unless (defined $scan_ext_exec{$src}) {
&exec_external_script($src, $config{'EXTERNAL_SCRIPT'});
$scan_ext_exec{$src} = '';
}
}
}
}
}
### we have sent an alert for $dst
if ($config{'ALERT_ALL'} eq 'N') {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 1;
}
}
}
return;
}
sub scan_timeouts() {
my $do_timeout = 0;
if ($config{'PERSISTENCE_CTR_THRESHOLD'} == 0) {
$do_timeout = 1;
} elsif ($check_interval_ctr % $config{'PERSISTENCE_CTR_THRESHOLD'} == 0) {
$do_timeout = 1;
}
&delete_old_scans() if $do_timeout;
return;
}
sub scan_logr_signatures() {
my ($src, $dst, $email_fh, $log_sigs_file) = @_;
my @del_sigs = ();
my @log_sigs = ();
my $found_sid = 0;
for my $proto (keys %protocols) {
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto};
my $hr = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto};
next unless (defined $hr->{'sid'}
or defined $hr->{'invalid_type'}
or defined $hr->{'invalid_code'});
print $email_fh "\n\n[+] " . uc($proto) . " scan signatures:\n\n";
print STDERR "[+] scan_logr_signatures(): src: $src dst: $dst ",
"proto: $proto\n" if $debug;
my $sid_ctr = 0;
for my $sid (keys %{$hr->{'sid'}}) {
$sid_ctr++;
if ($sid_ctr <= $config{'SIG_SID_SYSLOG_THRESHOLD'}) {
$found_sid = 1;
}
for my $chain (keys %{$hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}}) {
my $sig_hr = '';
my $email_chain = $chain;
my $is_fwsnort = $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}
->{$chain}->{'is_fwsnort'};
if ($is_fwsnort) {
next unless defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid};
$sig_hr = $fwsnort_sigs{$sid};
} else {
next unless defined $sigs{$sid};
$sig_hr = $sigs{$sid};
}
my $dp = 0;
my $flags = 'NA';
if ($proto eq 'tcp' or $proto eq 'udp'
or $proto eq 'udplite') {
$dp = $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}->{'dp'};
if ($proto eq 'tcp') {
$flags = $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}->{'flags'};
}
}
my $pkts = $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}->{'pkts'};
### string for the <ip>_signatures file
push @log_sigs, "$hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}->{'time'} " .
qq|$sid $pkts "$sig_hr->{'msg'}" $chain $proto $dp "$flags" | .
"$is_fwsnort $sig_hr->{'is_psad_id'}";
if ($config{'ENABLE_SIG_MSG_SYSLOG'} eq 'Y'
and $sid_ctr <= $config{'SIG_MSG_SYSLOG_THRESHOLD'}) {
my $sig_log_str = "src: $src signature match: " .
qq|"$sig_hr->{'msg'}" (sid: $sid) $proto|;
if ($proto eq 'tcp' or $proto eq 'udp'
or $proto eq 'udplite') {
$sig_log_str .= " port: $dp";
}
if ($is_fwsnort) {
$sig_log_str .= ' fwsnort';
if (defined $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}
->{'fwsnort_estab'}) {
if ($chain eq 'INPUT') {
$sig_log_str .= ' chain: FWSNORT_INPUT';
$email_chain = 'FWSNORT_INPUT';
} elsif ($chain eq 'FORWARD') {
$sig_log_str .= ' chain: FWSNORT_FORWARD';
$email_chain = 'FWSNORT_FORWARD';
} elsif ($chain eq 'OUTPUT') {
$sig_log_str .= ' chain: FWSNORT_OUTPUT';
$email_chain = 'FWSNORT_OUTPUT';
}
if ($hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}
->{$chain}->{'fwsnort_estab'}) {
$sig_log_str .= '_ESTAB';
$email_chain .= '_ESTAB';
}
}
if (defined $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}
->{'fwsnort_rnum'} and $hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}
->{$chain}->{'fwsnort_rnum'}) {
$sig_log_str .= ' rule: ' .
$hr->{'sid'}->{$sid}->{$chain}
->{'fwsnort_rnum'};
}
}
### write the signature match to syslog
&sys_log($sig_log_str);
}
print $email_fh qq| "$sig_hr->{'msg'}"\n|;
if ($proto eq 'tcp' or $proto eq 'udp'
or $proto eq 'udplite') {
if ($chain eq 'INPUT') {
if (defined $local_ports{$proto}
and defined $local_ports{$proto}{$dp}) {
print $email_fh " dst port: $dp (server ",
"bound to local port!)\n";
print $email_fh " flags: $flags\n"
if $proto eq 'tcp';
} else {
print $email_fh " dst port: $dp (no server ",
"bound to local port)\n";
print $email_fh " flags: $flags\n"
if $proto eq 'tcp';
}
} else {
print $email_fh " dst port: $dp\n";
print $email_fh " flags: $flags\n"
if $proto eq 'tcp';
}
}
if ($is_fwsnort) {
for my $content (@{$sig_hr->{'content'}}) {
print $email_fh qq( content: "$content"\n);
}
}
my $sid_str = '';
if ($sig_hr->{'is_psad_id'}) {
$sid_str = " psad_id: $sid";
} else {
$sid_str = " sid: $sid";
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'psad_derived_sids'}) {
$sid_str .= ' (derived from: ';
$sid_str .= "$_ " for @{$sig_hr->{'psad_derived_sids'}};
$sid_str =~ s|\s*$||;
$sid_str .= ')';
}
print $email_fh "$sid_str\n",
" chain: $email_chain\n",
" packets: $pkts\n";
if ($sig_hr->{'classtype'}) {
print $email_fh " classtype: $sig_hr->{'classtype'}\n";
}
if (defined $sig_hr->{'reference'}
and $sig_hr->{'reference'}) {
for my $reftype (keys %{$sig_hr->{'reference'}}) {
my $baseurl = '';
if (defined $snort_ref_baseurl{$reftype}) {
$baseurl = $snort_ref_baseurl{$reftype};
} else {
next;
}
for my $ref (@{$sig_hr->{'reference'}->{$reftype}}) {
print $email_fh " reference: ($reftype) ",
"${baseurl}$ref\n";
}
}
}
print $email_fh "\n";
}
}
if (defined $hr->{'invalid_type'}) {
for my $type (keys %{$hr->{'invalid_type'}}) {
for my $chain (keys %{$hr->{'invalid_type'}->{$type}}) {
my $pkts = $hr->{'invalid_type'}->
{$type}->{$chain}->{'pkts'};
print $email_fh
qq| Invalid ICMP type "$type" chain=$chain packets=$pkts\n|;
}
}
}
if (defined $hr->{'invalid_code'}) {
for my $type (keys %{$hr->{'invalid_code'}}) {
for my $code (keys %{$hr->{'invalid_code'}->{$type}}) {
for my $chain (keys %{$hr->{'invalid_code'}->{$type}->{$code}}) {
my $pkts = $hr->{'invalid_code'}->
{$type}->{$code}->{$chain}->{'pkts'};
if ($proto eq 'icmp') {
print $email_fh qq| Invalid ICMP code "$code" for ICMP |,
qq|"$valid_icmp_types{$type}{'text'}" packet\n|,
" chain=$chain packets=$pkts\n";
} elsif ($proto eq 'icmp6') {
print $email_fh qq| Invalid ICMP code "$code" for ICMP |,
qq|"$valid_icmp6_types{$type}{'text'}" packet\n|,
" chain=$chain packets=$pkts\n";
}
}
}
}
}
push @del_sigs, $hr;
}
if (@log_sigs) {
open LS, ">> $log_sigs_file.tmp" or
die "[*] Could not open $log_sigs_file: $!";
print LS "#\n# Format: <sig_time> <sid> <matches> \"<msg>\" <chain> ",
"<proto> <dst port> \"<flags>\" <is_fwsnort> <is_psad>\n#\n\n";
for my $str (@log_sigs) {
print LS $str, "\n";
}
close LS;
move "$log_sigs_file.tmp", $log_sigs_file;
}
unless ($config{'SHOW_ALL_SIGNATURES'} eq 'Y') {
for my $hr (@del_sigs) {
### need to delete the current signature so it
### won't show up in the next alert
delete $hr->{'sid'}
if defined $hr->{'sid'};
delete $hr->{'invalid_type'}
if defined $hr->{'invalid_type'};
delete $hr->{'invalid_code'}
if defined $hr->{'invalid_code'};
}
}
close LS;
return;
}
sub print_chains_and_prefixes() {
my ($chain_hr, $fh) = @_;
for my $chain (keys %$chain_hr) {
for my $prefix (keys %{$chain_hr->{$chain}}) {
my $count = $chain_hr->{$chain}->{$prefix};
if ($prefix eq '*noprfx*') {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'iptables chain: ',
"$chain, $count packets";
} else {
my $print_chain = $chain;
my $fwsnort_rnum = 0;
if ($prefix =~ /$config{'SNORT_SID_STR'}/) {
if ($prefix =~ /\[(\d+)\]/) {
$fwsnort_rnum = $1;
}
if ($chain eq 'INPUT') {
$print_chain = 'FWSNORT_INPUT';
} elsif ($chain eq 'FORWARD') {
$print_chain = 'FWSNORT_FORWARD';
} elsif ($chain eq 'OUTPUT') {
$print_chain = 'FWSNORT_OUTPUT';
}
if ($prefix =~ /ESTAB/) {
$print_chain .= '_ESTAB';
}
}
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'iptables chain: ',
qq/$print_chain (prefix "$prefix"), $count packets/;
if ($fwsnort_rnum) {
printf $fh "%${log_len}s%s\n", 'fwsnort rule: ',
$fwsnort_rnum;
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub exec_external_script() {
my ($src, $cmd) = @_;
$cmd =~ s/SRCIP/$src/;
my $pid;
local $SIG {'ALRM'} = sub {kill 15, $pid or die "[*] kill: $!";
die "[*] External script timeout.\n"};
eval {
$pid = fork();
die "Could not fork for external script: $!" unless defined $pid;
unless ($pid) {
exec qq{$cmd};
die "script exec failed: $!";
}
alarm 30;
waitpid $pid => 0;
alarm 0;
};
return;
}
sub renew_auto_blocked_ips() {
### note that if we are renewing IP blocking rules, we just use
### the AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT value initially and then the AUTO_BLOCK_DLN...
### values will take over as psad gets up and running
my $timeout_str = '.';
if ($config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'} > 0) {
$timeout_str = "for $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'} seconds.";
} else {
$timeout_str = '(unlimited time).';
}
if ($config{'IPTABLES_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'Y'
and -e $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}) {
open B, "< $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <B>;
close B;
for my $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ /^\s*($ipv4_re)\s+(\d+)/) {
my $ip = $1;
my $orig_block_time = $2;
if ($config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'} == 0) {
### set the DL here to the minimum currently required
$scan_dl{$ip} = $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'};
### block the IP address (note that checks are built
### into this function to not add a duplicate rule)
&ipt_block($ip, 'renew');
### reset the block time to the original time that
### the rule was added so the rule does not stay
### around longer than it should.
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = $orig_block_time;
} else {
if ((time() - $orig_block_time)
> $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'}) {
### timeout has expired, so we should remove any
### existing blocking rule
&ipt_rm_block($ip);
} else {
### set the DL here to the minimum currently required
$scan_dl{$ip} = $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'};
### block the IP address (note that checks are built
### into this function to not add a duplicate rule)
&ipt_block($ip, 'renew');
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = $orig_block_time;
}
}
}
}
}
if ($config{'TCPWRAPPERS_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'Y'
&& -e $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}) {
open B, "< $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <B>;
close B;
for my $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ /^\s*($ipv4_re)\s+(\d+)/) {
my $ip = $1;
my $orig_block_time = $2;
if ($config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'} == 0) {
### set the DL here to the minimum currently required
$scan_dl{$ip} = $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'};
### block the IP address (note that checks are built
### into this function to not add a duplicate rule)
if (&tcpwr_test_block($ip)) {
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = $orig_block_time
unless defined $auto_blocked_ips{$ip};
} else {
&sys_log("renewing tcpwrappers auto-block " .
"against $ip $timeout_str");
&tcpwr_block($ip);
if ($config{'ENABLE_RENEW_BLOCK_EMAILS'} eq 'Y'
and defined $scan_dl{$ip}
and $scan_dl{$ip} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} RENEWED " .
"tcpwrappers BLOCK against $ip $timeout_str", '',
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = $orig_block_time;
}
} else {
if ((time() - $orig_block_time)
> $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT'}) {
### timeout has expired, so we should remove any
### existing blocking rule
&tcpwr_rm_block($ip);
} else {
### set the DL here to the minimum currently required
$scan_dl{$ip} = $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'};
### block the IP address (note that checks are built
### into this function to not add a duplicate rule)
if (&tcpwr_test_block($ip)) {
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = $orig_block_time
unless defined $auto_blocked_ips{$ip};
} else {
&sys_log("renewing tcpwrappers auto-block " .
"against $ip $timeout_str");
&tcpwr_block($ip);
if ($config{'ENABLE_RENEW_BLOCK_EMAILS'} eq 'Y'
and defined $scan_dl{$ip}
and $scan_dl{$ip} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} RENEWED " .
"tcpwrappers BLOCK against $ip $timeout_str", '',
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = $orig_block_time;
}
}
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub sockwrite_flush_auto_rules() {
if (-e $config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'}) {
if (&is_running($config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'})
and $config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y') {
print "[+] Flushing psad chains via running psad daemon within\n",
" $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'} seconds.\n";
die "[*] $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'} file is missing. Did something ",
"remove it?\n You should stop psad, run the -F command ",
"again, then restart psad." unless -e $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'};
### open domain socket with running psad process
my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new($config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'})
or die "[*] Could not acquire $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'} ",
"socket: $!";
if ($fw_del_chains) {
print $sock "flush delchains\n";
} else {
print $sock "flush\n";
}
close $sock;
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
}
### if we make it here then we have to flush manually because
### it looks like psad is not running.
if ($fw_del_chains) {
print "[+] Flushing and deleting psad chains.\n";
} else {
print "[+] Flushing psad chains.\n";
}
&flush_auto_blocked_ips();
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub flush_auto_blocked_ips() {
my $ipt = new IPTables::ChainMgr(%ipt_opts)
or die '[*] Could not acquire IPTables::ChainMgr object.';
&sys_log('flushing existing psad iptables ' .
'auto-response chains');
if (@ipt_config) {
for my $hr (@ipt_config) {
my $table = $hr->{'table'};
my $from_chain = $hr->{'from_chain'};
my $to_chain = $hr->{'to_chain'};
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar)
= $ipt->chain_exists($table, $to_chain);
if ($rv) {
if ($fw_del_chains) {
($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) = $ipt->delete_chain($table,
$from_chain, $to_chain);
if ($rv) {
&sys_log("deleted $table table $to_chain chain");
} else {
&sys_log("could not delete $table " .
"table $to_chain chain");
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
}
} else {
($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar)
= $ipt->flush_chain($table, $to_chain);
if ($rv) {
&sys_log("flushed: $to_chain");
} else {
&sys_log("could not flush: $to_chain");
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
}
}
}
}
}
### zero out the in-memory cache of blocked addresses
%auto_blocked_ips = ();
if (-e $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}) {
### we have removed the iptables block rules, so truncate
### the cache file.
&truncate_file($config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'});
}
if (-e $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE'}) {
my $found_blocked = 0;
&sys_log("removing tcpwrapper auto-generated block rules.");
open B, "< $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE'}" or
die "[*] Could not open $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <B>;
close B;
for my $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ /($ipv4_re)/) {
my $ip = $1;
### remove block rules for $ip if it has been blocked
&tcpwr_rm_block($ip) if &tcpwr_test_block($ip);
$found_blocked = 1;
}
}
### we have removed the tcpwrapper block rules, so truncate
### the cache file.
&truncate_file($config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE'});
unless ($found_blocked) {
&sys_log("currently there are no auto-generated " .
"tcpwrapper blocking rules in effect.");
}
}
return;
}
sub get_auto_response_domain_sock() {
### $ipt_sock is global
$ipt_sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new(
Type => SOCK_STREAM,
Local => $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'},
Listen => SOMAXCONN,
Timeout => .1
) or die "[*] Could not acquire auto-response domain ",
"socket $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'}: $!";
return;
}
sub check_auto_response_sock() {
### we expect that the AUTO_IPT_SOCK file should exist
### in the filesystem. If not, then something deleted it
### and we can recover by reopening it.
return if -e $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'};
&sys_log("domain socket $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'} does not " .
"exist (a separate process must have deleted it), recreating it.");
close $ipt_sock;
### reopen the socket
&get_auto_response_domain_sock();
return;
}
sub ipt_block() {
my ($ip, $renewed_status) = @_;
return unless $ip and $ip =~ /^$ipv4_re$/;
### see if the IP is already blocked
if (defined $auto_blocked_ips{$ip}) {
print STDERR "[-] ipt_block($ip) already blocked.\n" if $debug;
return;
}
print STDERR "[+] ipt_block($ip)\n" if $debug;
my $ipt = new IPTables::ChainMgr(%ipt_opts)
or die '[*] Could not acquire IPTables::ChainMgr object.';
my $block_success = 0;
my $already_blocked = 0;
my ($timeout, $timeout_str) = &get_block_timeout($scan_dl{$ip});
if ($config{'IPTABLES_PREREQ_CHECK'} > 1) {
$iptables_prereq_check++;
$iptables_prereq_check = 1
if $iptables_prereq_check == $config{'IPTABLES_PREREQ_CHECK'};
}
### add block rule for $ip unless it is already blocked
for my $hr (@ipt_config) {
my $target = $hr->{'target'};
my $direction = $hr->{'direction'};
my $table = $hr->{'table'};
my $from_chain = $hr->{'from_chain'};
my $to_chain = $hr->{'to_chain'};
my $jump_rule_position = $hr->{'jump_rule_position'};
my $auto_rule_position = $hr->{'auto_rule_position'};
my $src = '';
my $dst = '';
if ($config{'IPTABLES_PREREQ_CHECK'} == 1
or $iptables_prereq_check == 1) {
print STDERR "[+] iptables chains and jump rule check.\n"
if $debug;
### make sure "to_chain" exists
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar)
= $ipt->create_chain($table, $to_chain);
unless ($rv) {
my $msg = "could not create $table $to_chain chain";
&sys_log($msg);
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
print STDERR "[-] ipt_block(): $msg\n" if $debug;
next;
}
unless ($test_mode) {
### add jump rule to the "to_chain" from the "from_chain"
($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) = $ipt->add_jump_rule($table,
$from_chain, $jump_rule_position, $to_chain);
unless ($rv) {
my $msg = "could not add jump rule to $to_chain chain";
&sys_log($msg);
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
print STDERR "[-] ipt_block(): $msg\n" if $debug;
next;
}
}
}
if ($direction eq 'src' or $direction eq 'both') {
$src = $ip;
$dst = '0.0.0.0/0';
} elsif ($direction eq 'dst') {
$src = '0.0.0.0/0';
$dst = $ip;
}
my ($rv, $num_chain_rules) = $ipt->find_ip_rule($src, $dst,
$table, $to_chain, $target);
if ($rv) {
print STDERR "[-] Test1, IP rule ($src->$dst $to_chain) ",
"already exists.\n" if $debug;
$already_blocked = 1;
} else {
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) = $ipt->add_ip_rule($src, $dst,
$auto_rule_position, $table, $to_chain, $target);
if ($rv) {
print STDERR "[+] Test1 block success.\n" if $debug;
$block_success = 1;
} else {
my $msg = "could not add block rule for $src -> $dst";
&sys_log($msg);
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
print STDERR "[-] ipt_block(): $msg\n" if $debug;
}
}
if ($direction eq 'both') {
### need to add reverse rule for FORWARD chain
my $src2 = $dst;
my $dst2 = $src;
my ($rv, $num_chain_rules) = $ipt->find_ip_rule($src2,
$dst2, $table, $to_chain, $target);
if ($rv) {
print STDERR "[-] Test2, IP rule ($src2->$dst2 $to_chain) ",
"already exists.\n" if $debug;
$already_blocked = 1;
} else {
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) = $ipt->add_ip_rule($src2, $dst2,
$auto_rule_position, $table, $to_chain, $target);
if ($rv) {
print STDERR "[+] Test2 block success.\n" if $debug;
$block_success = 1;
} else {
my $msg = "could not add block rule for $src2 -> $dst2";
&sys_log($msg);
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
print STDERR "[-] ipt_block(): $msg\n" if $debug;
}
}
}
}
if ($already_blocked) {
&sys_log("block rule for IP: $ip already exists");
print STDERR "[-] Block rule for IP: $ip already exists\n"
if $debug;
} elsif ($block_success) {
### make sure the ip is in the auto_blocked_ips cache (the ip
### may have come from the command line with --fw-block-ip
### instead of through the iptables log). Also, don't re-define
### the block time if it has already been defined (note that we
### may instantiated multiple block actions in the for loop
### above).
$auto_blocked_ips{$ip} = time()
unless defined $auto_blocked_ips{$ip};
my $mail_msg = "iptables auto-block against $ip $timeout_str";
if ($renewed_status) {
$mail_msg = "renewed $mail_msg";
} else {
$mail_msg = "added $mail_msg";
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_EMAILS'} eq 'Y') {
if ($renewed_status) {
if ($config{'ENABLE_RENEW_BLOCK_EMAILS'} eq 'Y'
and defined $scan_dl{$ip}
and $scan_dl{$ip} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} $mail_msg",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
} else {
if (defined $scan_dl{$ip}
and $scan_dl{$ip} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} $mail_msg", '',
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
}
}
&sys_log($mail_msg);
if ($config{'ENABLE_EXT_BLOCK_SCRIPT_EXEC'} eq 'Y') {
&exec_external_script($ip, $config{'EXTERNAL_BLOCK_SCRIPT'});
}
### write the ip out to the auto blocked file
&diskwrite_blocked_ip($ip,
$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}, $renewed_status);
print STDERR "[+] ipt_block(): added block for $ip\n"
if $debug;
} else {
&sys_log("could not add iptables " .
"block rule for: $ip");
print STDERR "[-] Could not add iptables block rule for: $ip\n"
if $debug;
}
return;
}
sub ipt_rm_block() {
my $ip = shift;
my $ipt = new IPTables::ChainMgr(%ipt_opts)
or die '[*] Could not acquire IPTables::ChainMgr object.';
print STDERR "[+] ipt_rm_block($ip)\n" if $debug;
### delete block rule for $ip
my $rm_block = 0;
for my $hr (@ipt_config) {
my $target = $hr->{'target'};
my $direction = $hr->{'direction'};
my $table = $hr->{'table'};
my $to_chain = $hr->{'to_chain'};
my $src = '';
my $dst = '';
if ($direction eq 'src' or $direction eq 'both') {
$src = $ip;
$dst = '0.0.0.0/0';
} elsif ($direction eq 'dst') {
$src = '0.0.0.0/0';
$dst = $ip;
}
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) = $ipt->delete_ip_rule($src, $dst,
$table, $to_chain, $target);
if ($rv) {
$rm_block = 1;
} else {
my $msg = "could not delete rule for $src -> $dst";
&sys_log($msg);
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
print STDERR "[-] ipt_rm_block(): $msg\n" if $debug;
}
if ($direction eq 'both') {
### need to delete reverse rule for FORWARD chain
my $src2 = $dst;
my $dst2 = $src;
($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) = $ipt->delete_ip_rule($src2, $dst2,
$table, $to_chain, $target);
if ($rv) {
$rm_block = 1;
} else {
my $msg = "could not delete rule for $src -> $dst";
&sys_log($msg);
&sys_log_mline($err_ar);
print STDERR "[-] ipt_rm_block(): $msg\n" if $debug;
}
}
}
### delete the ip from the hash (if new packets are seen
### from the same ip, then the hash will be updated again
### in check_scan()).
delete $auto_blocked_ips{$ip}
if defined $auto_blocked_ips{$ip};
&diskwrite_rm_blocked_ip($ip, $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'});
if ($rm_block) {
unless ($flush_fw) {
### don't send timeout email if we are manually flushing
### the auto-block rules from the command line with --Flush.
&sys_log("removed iptables auto-block against $ip");
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_EMAILS'} eq 'Y'
and defined $scan_dl{$ip}
and $scan_dl{$ip} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} removed " .
"iptables block against $ip", '',
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
}
print STDERR "[+] ipt_rm_block(): removed iptables block ",
"against $ip\n" if $debug;
return 1;
}
&sys_log('warning: could not remove iptables ' .
"block rule for $ip");
print STDERR "[-] Could not remove iptables block rule for $ip\n"
if $debug;
return 0;
}
sub ipt_list_auto_chains() {
my $ipt = new IPTables::ChainMgr(%ipt_opts)
or die '[*] Could not acquire IPTables::ChainMgr object.';
print "[+] Listing chains from IPT_AUTO_CHAIN keywords...\n";
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'N') {
print '[-] NOTE: ENABLE_AUTO_IDS is currently disabled ',
"in $config_file\n";
}
print "\n";
for my $hr (@ipt_config) {
my $table = $hr->{'table'};
my $to_chain = $hr->{'to_chain'};
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar)
= $ipt->chain_exists($table, $to_chain);
if ($rv) {
($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar) =
$ipt->run_ipt_cmd("$ipt->{'_cmd'} -t " .
"$table -n -L $to_chain -v");
if ($rv and $out_ar) {
print for @$out_ar;
}
print "\n";
} else {
print "[-] Table: $table, chain: $to_chain, does not exist\n";
}
}
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub check_ipt_cmd() {
my $lines_ar = shift;
my %uniq_cmds = ();
for my $line (@$lines_ar) {
chomp $line;
next if defined $uniq_cmds{$line};
$uniq_cmds{$line} = '';
if ($line =~ /flush/i) {
my $del_chains = 0;
$del_chains = 1 if $line =~ /delchains/i;
&flush_auto_blocked_ips($del_chains);
} else {
if ($line =~ m|add\s+($ipv4_re)\s*$|i
or $line =~ m|add\s+($ipv4_re/\d+)\s*$|i
or $line =~ m|add\s+($ipv4_re/$ipv4_re)\s*$|i) {
my $ip_net = $1;
my $ip_only = '';
$ip_only = $1 if $line =~ /\s($ipv4_re)/;
### instantiate the blocking rule, force a DL value
### equal to the AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL setting
$scan_dl{$ip_only} = $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'};
&ipt_block($1, '');
} elsif ($line =~ m|del\s+($ipv4_re)\s*$|i
or $line =~ m|del\s+($ipv4_re/\d+)\s*$|i
or $line =~ m|del\s+($ipv4_re/$ipv4_re)\s*$|i) {
### remove the blocking rule
&ipt_rm_block($1);
}
}
}
return;
}
### this only gets used when issuing --fw-block
### from the command line.
sub sockwrite_add_ipt_block_ip() {
die "[*] --fw-block-ip takes either an IP or subnet as an argument."
unless $fw_block_ip =~ /$ipv4_re/;
my $block_ip = '';
my $block_mask = '';
my $block_net = '';
if ($fw_block_ip =~ m|^\s*($ipv4_re)\s*$|) {
$block_ip = $1;
$block_mask = '32';
$block_net = new NetAddr::IP($1);
} elsif ($fw_block_ip =~ m|^\s*($ipv4_re)/($ipv4_re)\s*$|) {
$block_ip = $1;
$block_mask = $2;
$block_net = new NetAddr::IP($1, $2);
} elsif ($fw_block_ip =~ m|^\s*($ipv4_re)/(\d+)\s*$|) {
$block_ip = $1;
$block_mask = $2;
$block_net = new NetAddr::IP($1, $2);
} else {
die "[*] Badly formatted block IP: $fw_block_ip";
}
if ($block_net->masklen() != 32) {
### a subnet was given on the command line, so make
### sure we were also given a network address (iptables
### converts to the network address in -nL output)
$fw_block_ip = $block_net->network()->cidr();
}
### import auto_dl file
&import_auto_dl();
### make sure $fw_block_ip is not supposed to be ignored
NET: for my $net (keys %auto_dl) {
my $dl = $auto_dl{$net}{'dl'};
my $mask = $auto_dl{$net}{'mask'}; ### may be a /32 (single IP)
next NET unless $dl == 0; ### only care about the ignored IPs/nets
if ($block_net->within($auto_dl_ip_objs{$net})) {
die "[*] $fw_block_ip overlaps with whitelisted ",
"$net/$mask in $config{'AUTO_DL_FILE'}";
}
}
if (-e $config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'}) {
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} ne 'Y') {
die "[*] ENABLE_AUTO_IDS is not set to 'Y', exiting.";
}
if (&is_running($config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'})) {
print "[+] Writing $fw_block_ip to socket; psad will add the IP\n",
" within $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'} seconds.\n";
### open domain socket with running psad process
my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new($config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'})
or die "[*] Could not acquire $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'} ",
"socket: $!";
print $sock "add $fw_block_ip\n";
close $sock;
} else {
print "[-] There is no running psad process. Exiting.\n";
}
} else {
print "[-] There is no running psad process. Exiting.\n";
}
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub sockwrite_rm_ipt_block_ip() {
die "[*] --fw-rm-block-ip takes an IP/subnet as an argument."
unless $fw_rm_block_ip =~ /$ipv4_re/;
my $rm_block_ip = '';
my $rm_block_mask = '';
my $rm_block_net = '';
if ($fw_rm_block_ip =~ m|^\s*($ipv4_re)\s*$|) {
$rm_block_ip = $1;
$rm_block_mask = '32';
$rm_block_net = new NetAddr::IP($1);
} elsif ($fw_rm_block_ip =~ m|^\s*($ipv4_re)/($ipv4_re)\s*$|) {
$rm_block_ip = $1;
$rm_block_mask = $2;
$rm_block_net = new NetAddr::IP($1, $2);
} elsif ($fw_rm_block_ip =~ m|^\s*($ipv4_re)/(\d+)\s*$|) {
$rm_block_ip = $1;
$rm_block_mask = $2;
$rm_block_net = new NetAddr::IP($1, $2);
} else {
die "[*] Badly formatted rm block IP: $fw_rm_block_ip";
}
if ($rm_block_net->masklen() != '32') {
### a subnet was given on the command line, so make
### sure we were also given a network address (iptables
### converts to the network address in -nL output)
$fw_rm_block_ip = $rm_block_net->network()->cidr();
}
if (-e $config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'}) {
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} ne 'Y') {
die "[*] ENABLE_AUTO_IDS is not set to 'Y', exiting.";
}
if (&is_running($config{'PSAD_PID_FILE'})) {
print "[+] Writing $fw_rm_block_ip to socket; psad will remove the IP\n",
" within $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'} seconds.\n";
### open domain socket with running psad process
my $sock = IO::Socket::UNIX->new($config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'})
or die "[*] Could not acquire $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'} ",
"socket: $!";
print $sock "del $fw_rm_block_ip\n";
close $sock;
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
}
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub tcpwr_test_block() {
my $ip = shift;
open T, "< $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <T>;
close T;
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
return 1 if $line =~ /ALL:\s+$ip$/;
}
return 0;
}
sub tcpwr_block() {
my $ip = shift;
open T, ">> $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}: $!";
print T "ALL: $ip\n";
close T;
return;
}
sub tcpwr_rm_block() {
my $ip = shift;
my $rv = 0;
open T, "< $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <T>;
close T;
my $orig_perms = (stat($config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}))[2] & 07777;
open T, "> $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}.tmp" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}.tmp: $!";
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
if ($line =~ /ALL:\s+$ip$/) {
&diskwrite_rm_blocked_ip($ip, $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE'});
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_EMAILS'} eq 'Y'
and defined $scan_dl{$ip}
and $scan_dl{$ip} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} removed " .
"tcpwrappers block against $ip (timeout expired).", '',
$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
$rv = 1;
} else {
print T "$line\n";
}
}
close T;
### set permissions on the tmp file to be identical to the original
chmod $orig_perms, "$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}.tmp";
move "$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}.tmp", $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}
or die "[*] Could not move $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}.tmp -> ",
"$config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}";
### delete the ip from the hash (if new packets are seen
### from the same ip, then the hash will be updated again
### in check_scan()).
delete $auto_blocked_ips{$ip}
if defined $auto_blocked_ips{$ip};
return $rv;
}
sub auto_psad_response() {
my ($curr_scan_hr, $auto_block_regex_match_hr) = @_;
print STDERR "[+] auto_psad_response()\n" if $debug;
SRC: for my $src (keys %$curr_scan_hr) {
### make sure we are not attempting to block 0.0.0.0
### or 127.0.0.1 or any of the local interface IP's.
next SRC if &auto_block_ignore_ip($src);
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_REGEX'} eq 'Y'
and $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX'} ne 'NONE') {
### skip if AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX did not match --log-prefix
unless (defined $auto_block_regex_match_hr->{$src}) {
print STDERR "[+] Skipping IP from auto-block, ",
"AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX'} ",
"did not match.\n" if $debug;
next SRC;
}
}
my $dl = $scan_dl{$src};
### We only want to block the IP once. Currently this will block
### all traffic from the host to _all_ destinations that are
### protected by the firewall if the IP trips the $auto_psad_level
### threshold for _any_ destination.
if ($dl >= $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
next SRC if defined $auto_blocked_ips{$src};
my ($timeout, $timeout_str) = &get_block_timeout($dl);
### we have seen at least one packet logged by the firewall
### at this point
if ($config{'IPTABLES_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'Y') {
&ipt_block($src, '');
}
if ($config{'TCPWRAPPERS_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'Y') {
&sys_log('initiating tcpwrappers auto-block ' .
"against $src $timeout_str");
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_EMAILS'} eq 'Y'
and defined $scan_dl{$src}
and $scan_dl{$src} >= $config{'EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} " .
"tcpwrappers AUTO-BLOCK against $src $timeout_str",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
my $found = 0;
open H, "< $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}" or die
"[*] Could not open $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <H>;
close H;
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
$found = 1 if $line =~ /ALL:\s+$src$/;
}
unless ($found) {
open H, ">> $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}" or die
"[*] Could not open $config{'ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE'}: $!";
print H "ALL: $src\n";
close H;
$auto_blocked_ips{$src} = time()
unless defined $auto_blocked_ips{$src};
### write the ip out to the auto blocked file
&diskwrite_blocked_ip($src,
$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE'}, '');
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub auto_block_ignore_ip() {
my $ip = shift;
for my $local_ip (keys %local_ips) {
if ($ip eq $local_ip) {
print STDERR "[+] Skipping local IP $ip from auto-block.\n"
if $debug;
return 1;
}
}
### matching the following two addresses is less likely (assuming
### iptables is not logging traffic from localhost) than matching
### a legitimate interface address
if ($ip eq '127.0.0.1' or $ip eq '0.0.0.0' or $ip eq '0.0.0.0/0') {
print STDERR "[+] Skipping IP $ip from auto-block.\n"
if $debug;
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
sub get_block_timeout() {
my $dl = shift;
my $timeout = $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_DL1_TIMEOUT'};
if ($dl == 2) {
$timeout = $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_DL2_TIMEOUT'};
} elsif ($dl == 3) {
$timeout = $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_DL3_TIMEOUT'};
} elsif ($dl == 4) {
$timeout = $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_DL4_TIMEOUT'};
} elsif ($dl == 5) {
$timeout = $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_DL5_TIMEOUT'};
}
my $timeout_str = "for $timeout seconds";
$timeout_str = '(unlimited timeout)' if $timeout == $PERMANENT;
print STDERR "[+] get_block_timeout() dl: $dl, $timeout, $timeout_str\n"
if $debug;
return ($timeout, $timeout_str);
}
sub timeout_auto_blocked_ips() {
print STDERR "[+] timeout_auto_block_ips()\n" if $debug or $test_mode;
for my $ip (keys %auto_blocked_ips) {
my ($timeout, $timeout_str) = &get_block_timeout($scan_dl{$ip});
next if $timeout == $PERMANENT;
if ((time() - $auto_blocked_ips{$ip}) > $timeout) {
### remove all Netfiler blocking rules for $ip
if ($config{'IPTABLES_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'Y') {
&ipt_rm_block($ip);
}
### remove all tcpwrapper blocking rules for $ip
if ($config{'TCPWRAPPERS_BLOCK_METHOD'} eq 'Y') {
&tcpwr_rm_block($ip);
}
}
}
return;
}
sub build_ipt_config() {
@ipt_config = ();
&make_psad_dirs() unless -d $config{'PSAD_DIR'};
my $ipt = new IPTables::ChainMgr(%ipt_opts)
or die '[*] Could not acquire IPTables::ChainMgr object.';
my $ctr = 1;
VAR: while (defined $config{"IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr"}) {
my $value = $config{"IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr"};
my @block = split /\s*,\s*/, $value;
if ($#block == 4 or $#block == 6) {
my %hsh = ();
if ($#block == 4) {
### DROP, src, filter, INPUT, PSAD_BLOCK_INPUT;
%hsh = (
'target' => $block[0],
'direction' => $block[1],
'table' => $block[2],
'from_chain' => $block[3],
'to_chain' => $block[4],
'jump_rule_position' => 1,
'auto_rule_position' => 1
);
### this is the old format; generate a warning
my $msg = "the IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr variable in psad.conf " .
"needs to be updated to set the jump rule position and " .
"the auto rule position; defaulting both to 1.";
&sys_log($msg);
print STDERR "[-] build_ipt_config(): $msg\n"
if $debug;
} else {
### DROP, src, filter, INPUT, 1, PSAD_BLOCK_INPUT, 1;
%hsh = (
'target' => $block[0],
'direction' => $block[1],
'table' => $block[2],
'from_chain' => $block[3],
'jump_rule_position' => $block[4],
'to_chain' => $block[5],
'auto_rule_position' => $block[6]
);
}
unless ($hsh{'direction'} eq 'src' or
$hsh{'direction'} eq 'dst' or
$hsh{'direction'} eq 'both') {
my $msg = "invalid direction $hsh{'direction'} " .
"in IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr keyword";
&sys_log($msg);
print STDERR "[-] build_ipt_config(): $msg\n"
if $debug;
next VAR;
}
if ($hsh{'from_chain'} eq $hsh{'to_chain'}) {
my $msg = "cannot have identical from_chain and to_chain " .
"in IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr keyword";
&sys_log($msg);
print STDERR "[-] build_ipt_config(): $msg\n"
if $debug;
next VAR;
}
my ($rv, $out_ar, $err_ar)
= $ipt->chain_exists($hsh{'table'}, $hsh{'from_chain'});
if ($rv) {
push @ipt_config, \%hsh;
} else {
my $msg = "invalid IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr keyword, " .
"$hsh{'from_chain'} chain does not exist.";
&sys_log($msg);
print STDERR "[-] build_ipt_config(): $msg\n"
if $debug;
}
} else {
my $msg = "invalid IPT_AUTO_CHAIN$ctr variable: $value";
&sys_log($msg);
print STDERR "[-] build_ipt_config(): $msg\n" if $debug;
}
$ctr++;
}
return;
}
### this is the main caching function that adds an IP upon a
### successful block.
sub diskwrite_blocked_ip() {
my ($src, $file, $renewed_status) = @_;
print STDERR "[+] diskwrite_blocked_ip($src, $file, $renewed_status)\n"
if $debug;
my @lines = ();
my $skip_src = 0;
if (-e $file) {
open F, "< $file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$file: $!";
my @tmplines = <F>;
close F;
### see if we have already written the ip to the block
### file (or update the time if $renewed_status)
for my $line (@tmplines) {
chomp $line;
if ($line =~ /^\s*($ipv4_re)\s*$/) { ### old format; update to include time
my $tmpsrc = $1;
push @lines, "$tmpsrc " . $auto_blocked_ips{$tmpsrc};
$skip_src = 1 if $tmpsrc eq $src;
} else {
if ($renewed_status) { ### must update the time to now
if ($line =~ m|^\s*$src\s|) {
push @lines, "$src " . $auto_blocked_ips{$src};
$skip_src = 1;
} else {
push @lines, $line;
}
} else {
if ($line =~ m|^\s*$src\s+\d+|) {
return; ### already blocked $src, do nothing
} else {
push @lines, $line;
}
}
}
}
}
unless ($skip_src) {
push @lines, "$src " . $auto_blocked_ips{$src};
}
return unless @lines;
open B, "> ${file}.tmp" or
die "[*] Could not write to $file: $!";
print B $_, "\n" for @lines;
close B;
move "${file}.tmp", $file or die "[*] Could not move ",
"${file}.tmp -> $file: $!";
return;
}
### this gets called when we want to remove an IP from the disk
### cache
sub diskwrite_rm_blocked_ip() {
my ($src, $file) = @_;
print STDERR "[+] rm_blocked_ip($src, $file)\n" if $debug;
return unless -e $file;
open B, "< $file" or
die "[*] Could not open $file: $!";
my @lines = <B>;
close B;
return unless @lines;
open W, "> ${file}.tmp" or
die "[*] Could not open ${file}.tmp: $!";
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
if ($line =~ /^\s*($ipv4_re)/) {
print W $line, "\n" unless $src eq $1;
}
}
close W;
move "${file}.tmp", $file or die "[*] Could not move ",
"${file}.tmp -> $file: $!";
return;
}
sub email_limit_reached() {
my ($src, $dst) = @_;
my $subject = "$config{'MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX'} reached email message " .
"limit for $src on $config{'HOSTNAME'}";
$subject .= " ($dst)" if $dst;
&send_mail($subject, '', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
if ($dst) {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'stop_email'} = 1;
} else {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'stop_email'} = 1;
}
return;
}
sub print_scan() { ### this should primarily be used for debugging
my $scanfile = "$config{'PRINT_SCAN_HASH'}.$$";
open PSCAN, "> $scanfile" or warn '[-] Could not open ',
"$scanfile: $!" and return;
print PSCAN "[+] Passive OS fingerprinting hash:\n",
Dumper(\%posf),
"[+] Scan danger level hash:\n",
Dumper(\%scan_dl),
"[+] Main scan hash:\n",
Dumper(\%scan);
close PSCAN;
chmod 0600, $scanfile;
return;
}
sub get_local_ips() {
print STDERR "[+] get_local_ips()\n" if $debug;
if ($config{'IFCFGTYPE'} =~ /iproute2/i) {
print STDERR "[+] : Using IFCFGTYPE iproute2\n" if $debug;
my @ips = @{&run_command($cmds{'ip'}, 'addr')};
return unless @ips;
for my $line (@ips) {
if ($line =~ /inet\s+($ipv4_re)\/\d+\s/) {
print STDERR "[+] : Adding $1 to local_ips\n" if $debug;
$local_ips{$1} = '';
} elsif ($line =~ /inet6\s(\S+)/) {
print STDERR "[+] : Adding $1 to local_ips\n" if $debug;
$local_ips{$1} = '';
}
}
} else {
print STDERR "[+] : Using IFCFGTYPE ifconfig\n" if $debug;
my @ips = @{&run_command($cmds{'ifconfig'}, '-a')};
return unless @ips;
for my $line (@ips) {
if ($line =~ /inet\s+.*?:($ipv4_re)\s/) {
print STDERR "[+] : Adding $1 to local_ips\n" if $debug;
$local_ips{$1} = '';
} elsif ($line =~ /inet6\s+addr:\s+(\S+)/) {
print STDERR "[+] : Adding $1 to local_ips\n" if $debug;
$local_ips{$1} = '';
}
}
}
return;
}
sub get_listening_ports() {
%local_ports = ();
my @lines = @{&run_command($cmds{'netstat'}, '-an 2> /dev/null')};
return unless @lines;
for my $line (@lines) {
next unless $line;
chomp $line;
if ($line =~ m/^\s*(tcp|udp)\s+\d+\s+\d+\s+\S+:(\d+)\s/) {
### $1 == protocol (tcp/udp), $2 == port number
$local_ports{$1}{$2} = '';
}
}
return;
}
sub get_dns_info() {
my $ip = shift;
my $dns_str = '';
if (defined $dns_cache{$ip}
and $dns_cache{$ip}{'ctr'}
< $config{'DNS_LOOKUP_THRESHOLD'}) {
$dns_str = $dns_cache{$ip}{'hostname'};
$dns_cache{$ip}{'ctr'}++;
} else {
my $ipaddr = gethostbyname($ip);
### gethostbyaddr($ipaddr, AF_INET);
if (defined $ipaddr) {
my $dns_tmp = gethostbyaddr($ipaddr, 2);
$dns_str = $dns_tmp if $dns_tmp;
$dns_cache{$ip}{'ctr'} = 0;
$dns_cache{$ip}{'hostname'} = $dns_str;
}
}
return $dns_str;
}
sub get_whois_info() {
my ($ip, $whois_datafile) = @_;
print STDERR "[+] get_whois_info() IP: $ip\n" if $debug;
my @whois_data;
if (defined $whois_cache{$ip}
and $whois_cache{$ip} < $config{'WHOIS_LOOKUP_THRESHOLD'}
and -e $whois_datafile) {
$whois_cache{$ip}++;
} else {
$whois_cache{$ip} = 0;
my $pid;
local $SIG {'ALRM'} = sub {kill 15, $pid or die "[*] kill: $!";
die "whois alarm"};
eval {
$pid = fork();
die "Could not fork(): $!" unless defined $pid;
unless ($pid) {
### perl invokes the shell because of the output
### redirect
exec "$cmds{'whois'} $ip > $whois_datafile";
die "whois $ip exec failed: $!";
}
alarm $config{'WHOIS_TIMEOUT'};
waitpid $pid => 0;
alarm 0;
};
if ($@) {
system "$cmds{'killall'} $cmds{'whois'}";
kill 9, $pid unless kill 15, $pid;
print STDERR "[-] whois alarm on pid: $pid\n" if $debug;
warn $@;
$#whois_data = 0;
@whois_data = ("Whois data not available!\n");
unlink $whois_datafile;
return \@whois_data;
}
}
open W, "< $whois_datafile" or
die "[*] Could not open $whois_datafile: $!";
@whois_data = <W>;
close W;
if ($config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_FORCE_ASCII'} eq 'Y') {
for my $line (@whois_data) {
### replace any non-ascii chars in whois output with 'NA'
$line =~ s/[^\x20-\x7e]/NA/g;
}
}
return \@whois_data;
}
sub stop_psad() {
my $rv = $EXIT_SUCCESS;
&sys_log('shutting down psad daemons');
### must kill psadwatchd first since if not, it might try to restart
### any of the other two daemons.
for my $pidname (qw(psadwatchd kmsgsd psad psad_fw_read)) {
my $pidfile = $pidfiles{$pidname};
if (-e $pidfile) {
my $pid = &is_running($pidfile);
if ($pid) {
print "[+] Stopping $pidname, pid: $pid\n";
unless (kill 15, $pid) {
unless (kill 9, $pid) {
print "[*] psad: Could not kill ",
"$pidname, pid: $pid $!\n";
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
} else {
unlink $pidfile;
}
} else {
my $print = 1;
if ($pidname eq 'kmsgsd'
and ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i
or $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y')) {
$print = 0;
}
print "[-] psad: $pidname is not running on ",
"$config{'HOSTNAME'}\n" if $print;
}
} else {
my $print = 1;
if ($pidname eq 'kmsgsd'
and ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i
or $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y')) {
$print = 0;
}
print "[-] psad: pid file $pidfile does not exist for ",
"$pidname on $config{'HOSTNAME'}\n" if $print;
}
}
return $rv;
}
sub restart() {
my $cmdline = '';
if (-e $cmdline_file) {
open CMD, "< $cmdline_file" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$cmdline_file: $!";
$cmdline = <CMD>;
close CMD;
chomp $cmdline;
}
### stop any running psad daemons.
&stop_psad();
print "[+] Restarting psad daemons on $config{'HOSTNAME'}\n";
if ($cmdline) {
system "$cmds{'psad'} $cmdline";
} else {
system $cmds{'psad'};
}
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub analysis_mode() {
($analysis_tokens_ar, $analysis_match_criteria_ar) = &analysis_fields()
if $analysis_fields;
&make_psad_dirs();
unless (-d $config{'PSAD_DIR'}) {
mkdir $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or die "[*] Could not mkdir ",
"$config{'PSAD_DIR'}: $!";
}
if (-d $config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'}) {
print "[+] Removing old $config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'} directory.\n";
rmtree $config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'} or die "[*] Could not ",
"remove $config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'}\n";
}
mkdir $config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'} or die "[*] Could not mkdir ",
$config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'};
### change path for counter files, etc.
for my $var (keys %config) {
next if $var eq 'PSAD_DIR';
next if $var eq 'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR';
next if $var eq 'ANALYSIS_OUTPUT_FILE';
my $val = $config{$var};
if ($val =~ m|$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/|) {
$val =~ s|$config{'PSAD_DIR'}|$config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'}|;
$config{$var} = $val;
}
}
&make_psad_dirs(); ### one more time now that paths are updated
### setup to put all <ip> files in the ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR
### (by setting PSAD_DIR to ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR subroutines
### work more easily).
$config{'PSAD_DIR'} = $config{'ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR'};
### build @local_nets array
my $connected_subnets_ar = &get_connected_subnets();
for my $net (@$connected_subnets_ar) {
push @local_nets, $net;
}
my $fh = '';
if ($pkts_from_stdin) {
print "[+] Entering analysis mode. Parsing STDIN\n";
$fh = *STDIN;
} else {
print "[+] Entering analysis mode. Parsing $fw_data_file\n";
open MSGS, "< $fw_data_file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$fw_data_file: $!";
$fh = *MSGS;
}
my @ipt_msgs = ();
my $pkt_ctr = 0;
my $line_ctr = 0;
PKT: while (<$fh>) {
my $line = $_;
$line_ctr++;
if ($num_packets > 0) {
last PKT if $pkt_ctr >= $num_packets;
}
if ($line =~ /IN.*OUT/) {
if ($config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'Y') {
push @ipt_msgs, $line;
$pkt_ctr++;
} else {
if ($line =~ /$config{'SNORT_SID_STR'}/) {
push @ipt_msgs, $line;
$pkt_ctr++;
} else {
for my $fw_search_str (@fw_search) {
if ($line =~ /$fw_search_str/) {
push @ipt_msgs, $line;
$pkt_ctr++;
}
}
}
}
}
}
close $fh unless $pkts_from_stdin;
print "[+] Found ", ($#ipt_msgs+1), " iptables log messages out of " .
"$line_ctr total lines.\n";
print " This may take a while...\n" if $#ipt_msgs > 15000;
### analyze all packets
&check_scan(\@ipt_msgs);
print "\n[+] Finished --Analyze cycle.\n";
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub ipt_match_criteria() {
my ($pkt_hr, $tokens_ar, $match_criteria_ar) = @_;
my @matched_fields = ();
my $gnuplot_comment_str = '';
for (my $i=0; $i <= $#$tokens_ar; $i++) {
my $tok = $tokens_ar->[$i];
if ($match_criteria_ar) {
my $match_hr = $match_criteria_ar->[$i];
if (defined $match_hr->{'num'}) {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|^\d+$|;
if ($match_hr->{'negate'}) {
return [], '' if $pkt_hr->{$tok} == $match_hr->{'num'};
} else {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} == $match_hr->{'num'};
}
} elsif (defined $match_hr->{'gt'}) {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|^\d+$|;
if ($match_hr->{'negate'}) {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} <= $match_hr->{'gt'};
} else {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} > $match_hr->{'gt'};
}
} elsif (defined $match_hr->{'lt'}) {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|^\d+$|;
if ($match_hr->{'negate'}) {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} >= $match_hr->{'lt'};
} else {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} < $match_hr->{'lt'};
}
} elsif (defined $match_hr->{'str'}) {
if ($match_hr->{'negate'}) {
return [], '' if $pkt_hr->{$tok} eq $match_hr->{'str'};
} else {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} eq $match_hr->{'str'};
}
} elsif (defined $match_hr->{'re'}) {
if ($match_hr->{'negate'}) {
return [], '' if $pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|$match_hr->{'re'}|;
} else {
return [], '' unless $pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|$match_hr->{'re'}|;
}
} elsif (defined $match_hr->{'net'} or defined $match_hr->{'ip'}) {
my $net_or_ip_key = 'ip_obj';
$net_or_ip_key = 'net_obj' if defined $match_hr->{'net'};
if ($pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|$ipv4_re|
or $pkt_hr->{$tok} =~ m|$ipv6_re|) {
my $ip_match_obj = '';
if ($tok eq 'src') {
$ip_match_obj = $pkt_hr->{'s_obj'};
} elsif ($tok eq 'dst') {
$ip_match_obj = $pkt_hr->{'d_obj'};
}
if ($match_hr->{'negate'}) {
return [], '' if $ip_match_obj->within($match_hr->{$net_or_ip_key});
} else {
return [], '' unless $ip_match_obj->within($match_hr->{$net_or_ip_key});
}
} else {
return [], '';
}
}
}
push @matched_fields, $pkt_hr->{$tok};
}
return \@matched_fields, $gnuplot_comment_str;
}
sub csv_mode() {
if ($gnuplot_file_prefix) {
$gnuplot_data_file = "$gnuplot_file_prefix.dat";
$gnuplot_plot_file = "$gnuplot_file_prefix.gnu";
$gnuplot_png_file = "$gnuplot_file_prefix.png";
}
print "[+] Entering Gnuplot mode...\n" if $gnuplot_mode;
### see what we should be parsing out of the iptables logs
my ($tokens_ar, $match_criteria_ar) = &csv_tokens();
$csv_regex = qr/$csv_regex/ if $csv_regex;
$csv_neg_regex = qr/$csv_neg_regex/ if $csv_neg_regex;
my %csv_uniq_lines = ();
if ($csv_start_line) {
die "[*] Cannot have start line > end line."
if $csv_start_line > $csv_end_line;
}
my $fh = '';
if ($csv_stdin) {
print "[+] Parsing iptables log messages from STDIN\n"
if $gnuplot_mode;
$fh = *STDIN;
} else {
print "[+] Parsing iptables log messages from file: $fw_data_file\n"
if $gnuplot_mode;
open MSGS, "< $fw_data_file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$fw_data_file: $!";
$fh = *MSGS;
}
my $ctr = 0;
my $line_ctr = 0;
if ($gnuplot_mode and $store_file and -e $store_file) {
@gnuplot_data = @{retrieve($store_file)};
} else {
MSG: while (<$fh>) {
my $pkt_str = $_;
$line_ctr++;
if ($csv_start_line) {
next MSG unless $line_ctr >= $csv_start_line;
}
if ($csv_end_line) {
last MSG if $line_ctr == $csv_end_line;
}
next MSG unless $pkt_str =~ /IN.*OUT/;
my %pkt = %pkt_NF_init;
if ($config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'Y') {
my $rv = &parse_NF_pkt_str(\%pkt, $pkt_str);
next MSG if $rv == $PKT_ERROR or $rv == $PKT_IGNORE;
} else {
if ($pkt_str =~ /$config{'SNORT_SID_STR'}/) {
my $rv = &parse_NF_pkt_str(\%pkt, $pkt_str);
next MSG if $rv == $PKT_ERROR or $rv == $PKT_IGNORE;
} else {
for my $fw_search_str (@fw_search) {
if ($pkt_str =~ /$fw_search_str/) {
my $rv = &parse_NF_pkt_str(\%pkt, $pkt_str);
next MSG if $rv == $PKT_ERROR or $rv == $PKT_IGNORE;
}
}
}
}
if ($csv_regex) {
next MSG unless $pkt{'raw'} =~ m|$csv_regex|;
}
if ($csv_neg_regex) {
next MSG unless $pkt{'raw'} !~ m|$csv_neg_regex|;
}
$pkt{'log_prefix'} =~ s/\W//g;
$pkt{'log_prefix'} =~ s/\s//g;
my ($matched_fields_ar, $gnuplot_comment_str)
= &ipt_match_criteria(\%pkt, $tokens_ar, $match_criteria_ar);
next MSG unless $#$matched_fields_ar > -1;
$ctr++;
if ($csv_line_limit > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $csv_line_limit;
}
if ($gnuplot_mode) {
### cache the data since IP addresses have to mapped to
### integers across the entire data set
push @gnuplot_data, $matched_fields_ar;
} else {
my $str = '';
### here is where the output string is assembled
$str .= $_ . $plot_separator for @$matched_fields_ar;
$str =~ s/$plot_separator$//;
if ($csv_print_uniq) {
$csv_uniq_lines{$str} = '';
} else {
### The CSV data is printed here unless
### we are running with --CSV-unique-lines
### or we are running in --gnuplot mode
print $str, "\n";
}
}
}
close $fh unless $csv_stdin;
}
if ($gnuplot_mode) {
if ($store_file) {
if (-e $store_file) {
print "[+] Retrieved Gnuplot array from: $store_file\n";
} else {
### store the @gnuplot_data array to disk for fast
### retrieval next time
print "[+] Storing Gnuplot data to: $store_file\n";
store(\@gnuplot_data, $store_file);
chmod 0644, $store_file;
}
} else {
print "[+] Parsed $line_ctr iptables log messages.\n";
}
### print out the gnuplot data after appropriate
### integer conversions
&gnuplot_write_data($tokens_ar);
### write out the gnuplot file
&gnuplot_write_plot_file($tokens_ar);
} elsif ($csv_print_uniq) {
print "$_\n" for keys %csv_uniq_lines;
}
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub gnuplot_header() {
my @lines = ();
push @lines, '#', '#'x$num_hash_marks, '#',
"# Generated by psad v$version",
"# Command line: 'psad @args_cp'",
"# Time stamp: " . localtime(),
'#', '#'x$num_hash_marks, '#', '';
return \@lines;
}
sub gnuplot_write_plot_file() {
my $tokens_ar = shift;
unless ($gnuplot_legend_title) {
$gnuplot_legend_title = '(';
for my $tok (@$tokens_ar) {
$gnuplot_legend_title .= "$tok,";
}
$gnuplot_legend_title =~ s/,$//;
$gnuplot_legend_title .= ')';
$gnuplot_legend_title =~ s/_//g;
}
my @tokens = split /\s+/, $csv_fields;
if ($gnuplot_template_file) {
print "[+] Using Gnuplot template file: $gnuplot_template_file\n";
copy $gnuplot_template_file, $gnuplot_plot_file or die "[*] ",
"Could not copy $gnuplot_template_file -> $gnuplot_plot_file: $!";
} else {
print "[+] Writing gnuplot directive file: $gnuplot_plot_file\n";
open GP, "> $gnuplot_plot_file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$gnuplot_plot_file: $!";
print GP "$_\n", for @{&gnuplot_header()};
unless ($gnuplot_title) {
$gnuplot_title = "psad iptables log visualization: $csv_fields";
$gnuplot_title =~ s/_//g; ### some fonts used by Gnuplot don't like "-" chars
}
print GP "reset\n", qq|set title "$gnuplot_title"\n|;
unless ($gnuplot_interactive) {
if ($gnuplot_grayscale) {
print GP "set terminal png transparent xffffff x000000 x606060 ",
"x606060 x606060 x606060 x606060 x606060 nocrop enhanced\n",
qq|set output "$gnuplot_png_file"\n|;
} else {
print GP "set terminal png transparent nocrop enhanced\n",
qq|set output "$gnuplot_png_file"\n|;
}
}
if ($tokens_ar->[0] eq 'timestamp') {
print GP "set xdata time\n",
qq|set timefmt x "%s"\n|,
qq|set format x "%m/%d"\n|,
qq|set xlabel "time"\n|;
if ($gnuplot_x_range) {
die "[*] range argument must be formatted as <start>:<end>"
unless $gnuplot_x_range =~ /^\S+:\S+$/;
$gnuplot_x_range =~ s/:/":"/;
print GP qq|set xrange ["$gnuplot_x_range"]\n|;
}
} else {
if ($gnuplot_x_label) {
print GP qq|set xlabel "$gnuplot_x_label"\n|;
} else {
$tokens[0] =~ s/_//g;
print GP qq|set xlabel "$tokens[0]"\n|;
}
if ($gnuplot_x_range) {
die "[*] range argument must be formatted as <start>:<end>, ",
"e.g. 1:10" unless $gnuplot_x_range =~ /^\d+:\d+$/;
print GP qq|set xrange [$gnuplot_x_range]\n|;
}
}
if ($gnuplot_y_label) {
print GP qq|set ylabel "$gnuplot_y_label"\n|;
} else {
$tokens[1] =~ s/_//g;
print GP qq|set ylabel "$tokens[1]"\n|;
}
if ($gnuplot_y_range) {
die "[*] range argument must be formatted as <start>:<end>, e.g. 1:10"
unless $gnuplot_y_range =~ /^\d+:\d+$/;
print GP qq|set yrange [$gnuplot_y_range]\n|;
}
if ($#$tokens_ar == 2 or $gnuplot_3d) {
### include zaxis
if ($gnuplot_z_label) {
print GP qq|set zlabel "$gnuplot_z_label"\n|;
} else {
if ($gnuplot_count_type) {
print GP qq|set zlabel "$gnuplot_count_type"\n|;
} else {
$tokens[2] =~ s/_//g;
print GP qq|set zlabel "$tokens[2]"\n|;
}
}
if ($gnuplot_z_range) {
die "[*] range argument must be formatted as <start>:<end>, ",
"e.g. 1:10" unless $gnuplot_z_range =~ /^\d+:\d+$/;
print GP qq|set zrange [$gnuplot_z_range]\n|;
}
unless ($gnuplot_graph_style) {
$gnuplot_graph_style = 'points';
}
if ($gnuplot_view) {
die "[*] View must be a coordinate pair such as 60,30"
unless $gnuplot_view =~ /^\d+,\d+/;
print GP qq|set view $gnuplot_view\n|;
}
print GP qq|splot '$gnuplot_data_file' using 1:2:3 with | .
"$gnuplot_graph_style title '$gnuplot_legend_title'\n";
} else {
unless ($gnuplot_graph_style) {
$gnuplot_graph_style = 'linespoints';
}
print GP qq|plot '$gnuplot_data_file' using 1:2 with | .
"$gnuplot_graph_style title '$gnuplot_legend_title'\n";
}
close GP;
}
chmod 0644, $gnuplot_plot_file;
return;
}
sub gnuplot_write_data() {
my $tokens_ar = shift;
### see how many years we need to go back
&gnuplot_set_start_year($tokens_ar);
### resolve any IP addresses to minimal integers
### (this mapping preserves IP address subnet relationships
### in that IP's on the same subnet will appear close together
### in the plot).
for my $aref (@gnuplot_data) {
for (my $i=0; $i <= $#$tokens_ar; $i++) {
my $tok = $tokens_ar->[$i];
if ($tok eq 'src' or $tok eq 'dst') {
### add the IP into the ip2int cache
&ip2int($aref->[$i]);
}
}
}
### now that all IP addresses have been mapped into the cache
### we map each IP to a mimimal integer
my $ip_ctr = 1;
for my $ip (sort {$ip2int_cache{$a} <=> $ip2int_cache{$b}}
keys %ip2int_cache) {
unless (defined $gnuplot_ip2int{$ip}) {
$gnuplot_ip2int{$ip} = $ip_ctr;
$ip_ctr++;
}
}
### check to see if we are generating data counts instead of
### values (for example number of packets to ports instead
### of just the port values themselves)
my @gnuplot_count_data = ();
print "[+] Writing parsed iptables data to: $gnuplot_data_file\n";
open GP, "> $gnuplot_data_file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$gnuplot_data_file: $!";
print GP "$_\n", for @{&gnuplot_header()};
### write gnuplot data out to stdout
for my $aref (@gnuplot_data) {
my @matched_fields = ();
my $gnuplot_comment_str = '';
for (my $i=0; $i <= $#$tokens_ar; $i++) {
my $tok = $tokens_ar->[$i];
my $val = $aref->[$i];
my ($rv, $gnuplot_comment) = &gnuplot_value($tok, $val);
push @matched_fields, $rv;
$gnuplot_comment_str .= "$rv=$gnuplot_comment "
if $gnuplot_comment;
}
next unless @matched_fields;
if ($gnuplot_count_type) {
push @matched_fields, $gnuplot_comment_str;
push @gnuplot_count_data, \@matched_fields;
} else {
my $str = '';
$str .= $_ . $plot_separator for @matched_fields;
$str =~ s/$plot_separator$//;
$str .= " ### $gnuplot_comment_str" if $gnuplot_comment_str;
print GP $str, "\n";
}
}
if ($gnuplot_count_type) {
&render_count_data(\@gnuplot_count_data, $tokens_ar, *GP);
}
close GP;
chmod 0644, $gnuplot_data_file;
return;
}
sub render_count_data() {
my ($count_data_ar, $tokens_ar, $render_fh) = @_;
my %render_count_data = ();
my %render_comments = ();
my $start_time = '';
my $end_time = '';
my $time_interval_incr = 0;
if ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countday'
or $gnuplot_count_type eq 'counthour'
or $gnuplot_count_type eq 'countmin'
or $gnuplot_count_type eq 'countdayuniq'
or $gnuplot_count_type eq 'counthouruniq'
or $gnuplot_count_type eq 'countminuniq') {
$start_time = $count_data_ar->[0]->[0];
$end_time = $count_data_ar->[$#$count_data_ar]->[0];
if ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countday') {
$time_interval_incr = 60 * 60 * 24;
$gnuplot_count_type = 'count';
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'counthour') {
$time_interval_incr = 60 * 60;
$gnuplot_count_type = 'count';
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countmin') {
$time_interval_incr = 60;
$gnuplot_count_type = 'count';
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countdayuniq') {
$time_interval_incr = 60 * 60 * 24;
$gnuplot_count_type = 'countuniq';
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'counthouruniq') {
$time_interval_incr = 60 * 60;
$gnuplot_count_type = 'countuniq';
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countminuniq') {
$time_interval_incr = 60;
$gnuplot_count_type = 'countuniq';
}
}
for my $aref (@$count_data_ar) {
my $x_axis = $aref->[0];
my $y_axis = $aref->[1];
my $z_axis = '';
if ($time_interval_incr) {
($x_axis, $start_time) = &gnuplot_time_to_interval($x_axis, $start_time,
$end_time, $time_interval_incr);
}
if ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'count') {
if ($gnuplot_count_element == 1) {
if ($gnuplot_3d) {
if ($#$aref == 2) {
$render_comments{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = $aref->[2];
}
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}++;
} else {
if ($#$aref == 2) {
$render_comments{$x_axis} = $aref->[2];
}
$render_count_data{$x_axis}++;
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_element == 2) {
$z_axis = $aref->[2];
if ($#$aref == 3) {
$render_comments{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = $aref->[3];
}
### FIXME
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}{$z_axis}++;
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countuniq') {
if ($gnuplot_count_element == 1) {
if ($gnuplot_3d) {
if ($#$aref == 2) {
$render_comments{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = $aref->[2];
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = '';
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = '';
}
} else {
if ($#$aref == 2) {
$render_comments{$x_axis} = $aref->[2];
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = '';
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = '';
}
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_element == 2) {
$z_axis = $aref->[2];
if ($#$aref == 3) {
$render_comments{$x_axis}{$y_axis} = $aref->[3];
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}{$z_axis} = '';
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}{$z_axis} = '';
}
unless (defined $gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}{$z_axis}) {
$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}++;
$gnuplot_cache_uniq{$x_axis}{$y_axis}{$z_axis} = '';
}
}
}
}
### print the data to the .dat file now that it has been counted
if ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'count') {
if ($gnuplot_count_element == 1) {
if ($gnuplot_3d) {
&gnuplot_print_count_3d_data(\%render_count_data,
\%render_comments, $render_fh);
} else {
&gnuplot_print_count_2d_data(\%render_count_data,
\%render_comments, $render_fh);
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_element == 2) {
for my $x_axis (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %render_count_data) {
for my $y_axis (sort keys %{$render_count_data{$x_axis}}) {
for my $key (keys %{$render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}}) {
my $z_axis = $render_count_data{$x_axis}{$y_axis}{$key};
if (defined $render_comments{$x_axis}
and defined $render_comments{$x_axis}{$y_axis}) {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator . $y_axis .
$plot_separator. $z_axis .
" ### $render_comments{$x_axis}{$y_axis}", "\n";
} else {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator .
$y_axis . $plot_separator . $z_axis, "\n";
}
}
}
}
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_type eq 'countuniq') {
if ($gnuplot_count_element == 1) {
if ($gnuplot_3d) {
&gnuplot_print_count_3d_data(\%render_count_data,
\%render_comments, $render_fh);
} else {
&gnuplot_print_count_2d_data(\%render_count_data,
\%render_comments, $render_fh);
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_count_element == 2) {
&gnuplot_print_count_3d_data(\%render_count_data,
\%render_comments, $render_fh);
}
}
return;
}
sub gnuplot_time_to_interval() {
my ($time, $start_time, $end_time, $time_interval_incr) = @_;
my $mapped_time = $time;
if ($time <= $start_time) {
$mapped_time = $start_time;
} elsif ($time >= $end_time) {
$mapped_time = $end_time;
} else {
while ($start_time < $time - $time_interval_incr) {
$start_time += $time_interval_incr;
}
$mapped_time = $start_time;
}
return ($mapped_time, $start_time);
}
sub gnuplot_print_count_3d_data() {
my ($data_hr, $comments_hr, $render_fh) = @_;
for my $x_axis (sort {$a <=> $b}
keys %$data_hr) {
for my $y_axis (sort keys %{$data_hr->{$x_axis}}) {
my $z_axis = $data_hr->{$x_axis}->{$y_axis};
if (defined $comments_hr->{$x_axis} and
defined $comments_hr->{$x_axis}{$y_axis}) {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator .
$y_axis . $plot_separator . $z_axis .
" ### $comments_hr->{$x_axis}->{$y_axis}",
"\n";
} else {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator .
$y_axis . $plot_separator . $z_axis, "\n";
}
}
}
return;
}
sub gnuplot_print_count_2d_data() {
my ($data_hr, $comments_hr, $render_fh) = @_;
if ($gnuplot_sort_style eq 'time') {
for my $x_axis (sort {$a <=> $b}
keys %$data_hr) {
my $y_axis = $data_hr->{$x_axis};
if (defined $comments_hr->{$x_axis}) {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator . $y_axis .
" ### $comments_hr->{$x_axis}", "\n";
} else {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator .
$y_axis, "\n";
}
}
} elsif ($gnuplot_sort_style eq 'value') {
for my $x_axis (sort {$data_hr->{$b} <=> $data_hr->{$a}}
keys %$data_hr) {
my $y_axis = $data_hr->{$x_axis};
if (defined $comments_hr->{$x_axis}) {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator . $y_axis .
" ### $comments_hr->{$x_axis}", "\n";
} else {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator .
$y_axis, "\n";
}
}
} else {
for my $x_axis (keys %$data_hr) {
my $y_axis = $data_hr->{$x_axis};
if (defined $comments_hr->{$x_axis}) {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator . $y_axis .
" ### $comments_hr->{$x_axis}", "\n";
} else {
print $render_fh $x_axis . $plot_separator .
$y_axis, "\n";
}
}
}
return;
}
sub gnuplot_set_start_year() {
my $tokens_ar = shift;
return unless $csv_have_timestamp;
my $timestamp_field = -1;
for (my $i=0; $i <= $#$tokens_ar; $i++) {
if ($tokens_ar->[$i] eq 'timestamp') {
$timestamp_field = $i;
last;
}
}
### calculate the starting year by looking at the most recent
### event and working backwards
die unless $timestamp_field > -1;
my ($today_year, $today_mon, $today_day) = Today();
$gnuplot_year = $today_year;
my $prev_month = 0;
for (my $i=$#gnuplot_data; $i >= 0; $i--) {
if ($gnuplot_data[$i]->[$timestamp_field] =~ /^\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\S+)/) {
my $m_tmp = $1; ### kludge for Decode_Month() call
my $mon = Decode_Month($m_tmp);
my $day = $2;
my $time = $3;
if ($gnuplot_year) {
if ($prev_month < $mon) {
### i.e., switched from Jan to Dec as we go backwards
### in the log (but there could be a hole like Jan to
### Oct as well, the key is that the new mon is less
### than the previous one)
$gnuplot_year--;
}
$prev_month = $mon;
} else {
$prev_month = $mon;
if ($today_mon < $mon) {
$gnuplot_year = $today_year - 1;
} else {
$gnuplot_year = $today_year;
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub gnuplot_value() {
my ($tok, $packet_val) = @_;
my $rv = $packet_val;
my $gnuplot_comment_str = '';
if ($tok eq 'timestamp') {
### reformat timestamp (e.g. "Feb 1 00:00:27"
### becomes 02/02/04:03:00:17)
if ($packet_val =~ /^\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\S+)/) {
my $m_tmp = $1; ### kludge for Decode_Month() call
my $mon = Decode_Month($m_tmp);
my $day = $2;
my $time = $3;
my $hour = 0;
my $min = 0;
my $sec = 0;
if ($time =~ /(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})/) {
$hour = $1;
$min = $2;
$sec = $3;
}
$gnuplot_prev_mon = $mon unless $gnuplot_prev_mon;
if ($mon < $gnuplot_prev_mon) {
$gnuplot_year++;
}
$gnuplot_prev_mon = $mon;
$rv = Mktime($gnuplot_year, $mon, $day, $hour, $min, $sec);
$gnuplot_comment_str = $packet_val;
}
} else {
### see if this field is non-digit data, and map
### to a digit if so
if (defined $gnuplot_non_digit_packet_fields{$tok}) {
### it is a non-digit value from the packet, so append a comment
### to the gnuplot data file that contains that original value.
### This allows the user to map integers back to their original
### value (say IP integers back to the dotted-quad notation).
$gnuplot_comment_str = $packet_val;
if ($gnuplot_non_digit_packet_fields{$tok} eq 'ip2int') {
### get the minimal IP integer from the %gnuplot_ip2int cache
$rv = $gnuplot_ip2int{$packet_val};
} elsif ($gnuplot_non_digit_packet_fields{$tok} eq 'proto2int') {
### convert protocol to integer
$rv = &proto2int($packet_val);
} elsif ($gnuplot_non_digit_packet_fields{$tok} eq 'intf2int') {
### convert interface to integer
$rv = &intf2int($packet_val);
} elsif ($gnuplot_non_digit_packet_fields{$tok} eq 'hashentry') {
### map the value to a digit
unless (defined $gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}
and defined $gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'data'}
and defined $gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}
{'data'}{$packet_val}) {
unless (defined $gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'ctr'}) {
$gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'ctr'} = 0;
}
$gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'ctr'}++;
$gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'data'}{$packet_val}
= $gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'ctr'};
}
$rv = $gnuplot_non_digit_map{$tok}{'data'}{$packet_val};
}
}
}
return $rv, $gnuplot_comment_str;
}
sub ip2int() {
my $ip = shift;
my $ip_int = 0;
unless (defined $ip2int_cache{$ip}) {
# my @octets = split /\./, $ip;
for (split /\./, $ip) {
$ip_int = $ip_int*256 + $_;
}
$ip2int_cache{$ip} = $ip_int;
}
return;
}
sub proto2int() {
my $proto = shift;
my $rv = -1;
if ($proto =~ /^\d+$/) {
$rv = $proto;
} elsif ($proto =~ /tcp/i) {
$rv = 6;
} elsif ($proto =~ /udp/i) {
$rv = 17;
} elsif ($proto =~ /icmp/i) {
$rv = 1;
}
return $rv;
}
sub intf2int() {
my $intf = shift;
my $rv = -1;
if ($intf =~ /(\d+)$/) {
$rv = $1;
}
return $rv;
}
sub analysis_fields() {
$csv_fields = $analysis_fields;
return &csv_tokens();
}
sub csv_tokens() {
my @tokens = ();
my @match_criteria = ();
if ($csv_fields) {
my @tok_tmp = split /\s+/, $csv_fields;
for my $tok_str (@tok_tmp) {
my $token = $tok_str;
my $search = '';
my $negate = 0;
if ($tok_str =~ m|(\w+):(\S+)|) {
$token = $1;
$search = $2;
} else {
if ($analysis_fields) {
die "[*] $tok_str requires a search criteria in -A mode.";
}
}
$search =~ s/\,$//;
if ($token eq 'timestamp') {
$csv_have_timestamp = 1;
}
if ($search =~ /^not/) {
$negate = 1;
$search =~ s/^not//;
}
for my $count_type (qw/countabs countuniq
countday counthouruniq countminuniq countdayuniq
counthour countmin countday count/) {
if ($search =~ /,$count_type$/ or $search =~ /^$count_type/) {
$search =~ s/,$count_type$//;
$search =~ s/^$count_type//;
die "[*] Counts against multiple fields are not supported."
if $gnuplot_count_type;
$gnuplot_count_type = $count_type;
$gnuplot_count_element = $#tokens + 1;
if ($count_type eq 'countday'
or $count_type eq 'counthour'
or $count_type eq 'countmin'
or $count_type eq 'countdayuniq'
or $count_type eq 'counthouruniq'
or $count_type eq 'countminuniq') {
$gnuplot_sort_style = 'time';
die "[*] The first search field must be 'timestamp' ",
"for time-based counts" if $#tokens == -1;
die "[*] The first search field must be 'timestamp' ",
"for time-based counts"
unless $tokens[0] eq 'timestamp';
}
}
}
$token = 'src' if $token eq 'SRC';
$token = 'dst' if $token eq 'DST';
$token = 'sp' if $token eq 'SPT';
$token = 'dp' if $token eq 'DPT';
$token = 'proto' if $token eq 'PROTO';
$token = 'tos' if $token eq 'TOS';
$token = 'win' if $token eq 'WIN';
$token = 'itype' if $token eq 'TYPE';
$token = 'icode' if $token eq 'CODE';
$token = 'ttl' if $token eq 'TTL';
$token = 'ip_id' if $token eq 'ID';
$token = 'icmp_seq' if $token eq 'SEQ';
$token = 'ip_len' if $token eq 'LEN';
$token = 'intf' if $token eq 'IN' or $token eq 'OUT';
unless (defined $pkt_NF_init{$token}) {
print "[*] $token is not a valid packet field; valid ",
"fields are:\n";
for my $key (sort keys %pkt_NF_init) {
print " $key\n";
}
die;
}
push @tokens, $token;
if ($search) {
my %search_hsh = ('negate' => $negate);
if ($search =~ m|^\d+$|) {
$search_hsh{'num'} = $search;
} elsif ($search =~ m|^>(\d+)$|) {
$search_hsh{'gt'} = $1;
die "[*] $token value must be >= 0"
unless $1 >= 0;
} elsif ($search =~ m|^<(\d+)$|) {
$search_hsh{'lt'} = $1;
die "[*] $token value must be >= 0"
unless $1 >= 0;
} elsif ($search =~ m|^/(.*?)/$|) {
$search_hsh{'re'} = qr|$1|;
} elsif ($search =~ m|^'(.*?)'$|) {
$search_hsh{'str'} = $1;
} elsif ($search =~ m|^$ipv4_re/$ipv4_re$|) {
$search_hsh{'net'} = $search;
$search_hsh{'net_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($search)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($search) error";
} elsif ($search =~ m|^$ipv4_re/\d+$|) {
$search_hsh{'net'} = $search;
$search_hsh{'net_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($search)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($search) error";
} elsif ($search =~ m|^$ipv4_re$|) {
$search_hsh{'ip'} = $search;
$search_hsh{'ip_obj'} = new NetAddr::IP($search)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($search) error";
} elsif ($search =~ m|\:|) {
### see if this is an IPv6 address
if ($search =~ m|\/|) {
$search_hsh{'net'} = $search;
$search_hsh{'net_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($search)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($search) error";
} else {
$search_hsh{'net'} = $search;
$search_hsh{'net_obj'} = new6 NetAddr::IP($search)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($search) error";
}
} else {
die "[*] Unrecognized value for $token";
}
push @match_criteria, \%search_hsh;
} else {
push @match_criteria, {};
}
}
} else {
@tokens = (qw(
timestamp
src
dst
sp
dp
proto
flags
ip_len
intf
chain
log_prefix
));
}
return \@tokens, \@match_criteria;
}
sub benchmark_mode() {
my @fw_packets = ();
print scalar localtime(), " [+] Entering benchmark mode.\n";
if ($num_packets) {
print scalar localtime(),
" [+] Executing a $num_packets packet test.\n";
} else {
if ($fw_data_file) {
print scalar localtime(), ' [+] The --packets command line ',
"option was not specified.\n";
print scalar localtime(),
" [+] Defaulting to read the entire $fw_data_file file.\n";
} else {
print scalar localtime(), ' [+] The --packets command line ',
"option was not specified.\n";
print scalar localtime(),
" [+] Defaulting to a 10,000 packet test.\n";
$num_packets = 10000;
}
}
### initialize benchmarking test packets if we are running
### in benchmark mode
if ($fw_data_file) {
if ($num_packets) {
print scalar localtime(), " [+] Creating $num_packets packet ",
"array from $fw_data_file\n";
} else {
print scalar localtime(), " [+] Creating packet ",
"array from complete $fw_data_file\n";
}
my $ctr = 0;
open F, "< $fw_data_file" or die "[*] Could not open $fw_data_file: $!";
while (<F>) {
chomp;
push @fw_packets, $_;
$ctr++;
last if $num_packets > 0 and $ctr >= $num_packets;
}
close F;
} else {
### FIXME better random packet data tests, add IP and TCP options, etc.
my $test_pkt = 'Feb 15 16:42:58 orthanc kernel: DROP IN=eth0 ' .
'OUT= MAC=00:a0:cc:28:42:5a:00:03:6c:00:98:54:08:00 ' .
'SRC=192.168.10.2 DST=192.168.10.1 LEN=48 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 ' .
'TTL=110 ID=13383 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=1389 ';
my $test_pktend = 'WINDOW=16384 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0';
print scalar localtime(), " [+] Creating packet array.\n";
my $dp = 1000;
for (my $i=0; $i <= $num_packets; $i++) {
push @fw_packets, "$test_pkt DPT=$dp $test_pktend";
$dp++ if $dp < 50000;
}
}
my $b_time = time();
print scalar localtime(), " [+] check_scan()\n" if $benchmark;
&check_scan(\@fw_packets);
print scalar localtime(), " [+] Packet creation and processing time: ",
time() - $b_time, " sec.\n";
print scalar localtime(), " [+] Exiting benchmark mode.\n";
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub fw_analyze_mode() {
my $run_fw_check = 0;
if ($fw_analyze) {
$run_fw_check = 1;
} else {
### if psad is running on a syslog server, do not check the firewall
### rules since they may not be local. Also, do not check the
### firewall if psad is configured to parse all iptables messages.
unless ($no_fwcheck or $syslog_server
or $config{'ENABLE_FW_LOGGING_CHECK'} eq 'N') {
$run_fw_check = 1;
}
}
my $exit_status = $EXIT_SUCCESS;
if ($run_fw_check) {
my $opts = "-c $config_file ";
$opts .= " --fw-analyze" if $fw_analyze;
$opts .= " --fw-file $fw_file" if $fw_file;
$opts .= " -L $lib_dir" if $lib_dir;
$opts .= " --test-mode" if $test_mode;
$opts .= " -O $override_config_str" if $override_config_str;
$opts .= " --no-fw-search-all" if $config{'FW_SEARCH_ALL'} eq 'N';
$exit_status = (system "$cmds{'fwcheck_psad'} $opts") >> 8;
}
return $exit_status;
}
### display the status of all four psad daemons
sub status() {
my $rv = $EXIT_SUCCESS;
for my $pidname (qw(psadwatchd kmsgsd psad_fw_read psad)) {
my $pidfile = $pidfiles{$pidname};
if (-e $pidfile) {
my $pid = &is_running($pidfile);
if ($pid) {
print "[+] $pidname (pid: $pid)";
### FIXME: should probably just parse /proc instead of
### using ps
my @ps_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ps'}, 'auxww')};
PS: for my $line (@ps_out) {
chomp $line;
if ($line =~ /^\S+\s+$pid\s+(\S+)\s+(\S+)/) {
print " %CPU: $1 %MEM: $2\n";
print " Running since: " .
localtime((stat($pidfile))[9]) . "\n";
### print individual ip info
&status_psad_daemon() if $pidname eq 'psad';
}
}
print "\n";
} else {
my $print = 1;
if ($pidname eq 'kmsgsd'
and ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i
or $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y')) {
$print = 0;
}
print "[-] psad: $pidname is not running on ",
"$config{'HOSTNAME'}\n" if $print;
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
} else {
my $print = 1;
if ($pidname eq 'kmsgsd'
and ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i
or $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y')) {
$print = 0;
}
print "[-] psad: pid file $pidfile does not exist for ",
"$pidname on $config{'HOSTNAME'}\n" if $print;
if ($rv eq 'psad') {
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
}
return $rv;
}
sub status_psad_daemon() {
my $cmdline;
### get any command line args
if (-e $cmdline_file) {
open CMD, "< $cmdline_file" or die '[*] Could not open ',
"$cmdline_file: $!";
$cmdline = <CMD>;
chomp $cmdline;
}
if ($cmdline) {
print " Command line arguments: $cmdline\n";
} else {
print " Command line arguments: [none specified]\n";
}
print " Alert email address(es): ",
"$config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}\n\n";
### build @local_nets array
my $connected_subnets_ar = &get_connected_subnets();
for my $net (@$connected_subnets_ar) {
push @local_nets, $net;
}
### import filesystem information in /var/log/psad/
&import_filesystem_scan_data();
### print main status output to stdout
&print_scan_status();
return;
}
sub import_filesystem_scan_data() {
### import /var/log/psad/<ip> directories
&import_ip_dirs();
### import global packet counters
&import_packet_counters();
### import dshield stats
&import_dshield_stats();
### import iptables prefix stats
&import_ipt_prefixes();
### import top scanned ports
&import_top_scanned_ports();
### import top signatures
&import_top_sigs();
### import top attackers
&import_top_attackers();
return;
}
sub print_scan_status() {
my @lines = ();
push @lines, "[+] Version: psad v$version\n\n";
### print top signature matches
push @lines, $_ for @{&print_top_sigs()};
### print top attackers
push @lines, $_ for @{&print_top_attackers()};
### print top scanned ports
push @lines, $_ for @{&print_top_scanned_ports()};
### print iptables prefixes
push @lines, $_ for @{&print_ipt_prefixes()};
### print iptables prefixes
unless ($analyze_mode) {
push @lines, $_ for @{&print_dshield_stats()};
### print block status of IP addresses blocked by iptables
if ($status_ip) {
my $ar = &print_blocked_ip_status($status_ip);
push @lines, $_ for @$ar;
} else {
my $ar = &print_blocked_ip_status('');
push @lines, $_ for @$ar;
}
}
### print packet counters
push @lines, $_ for @{&print_packet_counters()};
return if $status_summary;
push @lines, "[+] IP Status Detail:\n";
my %uniq_srcs = ();
my %uniq_dsts = ();
my $printed = 0;
for my $dl (qw/5 4 3 2 1/) {
SRC: for my $src (sort keys %scan) {
next SRC unless $scan_dl{$src} == $dl;
my $dl = $scan_dl{$src};
next SRC unless $dl >= $config{'MIN_DANGER_LEVEL'};
if ($status_min_dl) {
next unless $dl >= $status_min_dl;
}
$uniq_srcs{$src} = '';
my $total_dsts = keys %{$scan{$src}};
my $tot_pkts = 0;
my $uniq_sigs = 0;
my $tot_protocols = 0;
for my $dst (keys %{$scan{$src}}) {
if (defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'}) {
$tot_protocols += $scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'};
}
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'absnum'};
$tot_pkts += $scan{$src}{$dst}{'absnum'};
}
for my $proto (keys %protocols) {
for my $dst (keys %{$scan{$src}}) {
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}
and defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'};
for my $sid (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}}) {
$uniq_sigs++;
}
}
}
### source IP line
my $src_str = "\nSRC: $src, DL: $dl, Dsts: $total_dsts" .
", Pkts: $tot_pkts, Total protocols: $tot_protocols, " .
"Unique sigs: $uniq_sigs";
my $src_obj = new NetAddr::IP($src) or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($src) error";
if ($src_obj->version() == 6) {
$src_str = "\nSRC: $src (" . $src_obj->short() .
"), DL: $dl, Dsts: $total_dsts" .
", Pkts: $tot_pkts, Total protocols: $tot_protocols, " .
"Unique sigs: $uniq_sigs";
}
unless ($analyze_mode) {
my $tot_alerts = 0;
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
for my $dst (keys %{$scan{$src}}) {
$tot_alerts += $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'};
}
} else {
$tot_alerts += $scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'};
}
$src_str .= ", Email alerts: $tot_alerts";
}
if (&is_local($src, $src_obj)) {
$src_str .= ', Local IP';
}
$printed = 1;
push @lines, "$src_str\n";
if (defined $p0f{$src}) {
push @lines, " Source OS fingerprint(s):\n";
for my $os (keys %{$p0f{$src}}) {
push @lines, " $os\n";
}
} elsif (defined $posf{$src} and defined $posf{$src}{'guess'}) {
push @lines, " Source OS fingerprint:\n",
" $posf{$src}{'guess'}\n";
}
next unless $total_dsts > 0;
push @lines, "\n";
DST: for my $dst (keys %{$scan{$src}}) {
my $dst_str = " DST: $dst";
my $dst_obj = new NetAddr::IP($dst)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP($dst) error";
if ($dst_obj->version() == 6) {
$dst_str = " DST: $dst (" . $dst_obj->short() . ')';
}
if (&is_local($dst, $dst_obj)) {
$dst_str .= ', Local IP';
}
push @lines, "$dst_str\n";
$uniq_dsts{$dst} = '';
if (defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}) {
for my $chain (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}}) {
for my $intf (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}
{$chain}}) {
my $tot_scanned_protocols = 0;
for my $proto (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}
{$chain}{$intf}}) {
$tot_scanned_protocols++;
next unless $proto eq 'tcp' or $proto eq 'udp'
or $proto eq 'udplite';
my $start_port = $scan{$src}{$dst}
{$proto}{'abs_sp'};
my $end_port = $scan{$src}{$dst}
{$proto}{'abs_ep'};
my $ctr = $scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}
{$intf}{$proto};
if ($start_port == $end_port) {
push @lines, " Scanned ports: " .
uc($proto) . " $start_port, Pkts: $ctr, " .
"Chain: $chain, Intf: $intf\n";
} else {
push @lines, " Scanned ports: " .
uc($proto) . " $start_port-$end_port, Pkts: " .
"$ctr, Chain: $chain, Intf: $intf\n";
}
}
push @lines, " Total scanned IP protocols: " .
"$tot_scanned_protocols, Chain: $chain, Intf: $intf\n";
}
}
}
### signature matches
for my $proto (keys %protocols) {
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}
and defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'};
for my $sid (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}}) {
my $msg = '[NA]';
if (defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}
and defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'}) {
$msg = $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'};
} elsif (defined $sigs{$sid}
and defined $sigs{$sid}{'msg'}) {
$msg = $sigs{$sid}{'msg'};
}
for my $chain (keys %{$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}
{'sid'}{$sid}}) {
my $matches = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}{'pkts'};
my $sig_str = qq| Signature match: "$msg"\n| .
" " . uc($proto) .
", Chain: $chain, Count: $matches";
if ($proto eq 'tcp' or $proto eq 'udp'
or $proto eq 'udplite') {
my $dp = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}{'dp'};
$sig_str .= ", DP: $dp";
if ($proto eq 'tcp') {
my $flags = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}
{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}{'flags'};
$sig_str .= ", $flags";
}
}
$sig_str .= ", Sid: $sid";
push @lines, $sig_str, "\n";
}
}
}
### icmp validation
for my $proto ('icmp', 'icmp6') {
next unless defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto};
if (defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'invalid_type'}) {
my $hr = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'invalid_type'};
for my $type (keys %$hr) {
for my $chain (keys %{$hr->{$type}}) {
my $pkts = $hr->{$type}->{$chain}->{'pkts'};
push @lines, qq| Invalid | . uc($proto) .
qq| type: "$type" Chain: $chain, Packets: | .
"$pkts\n";
}
}
}
if (defined $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'invalid_code'}) {
my $hr = $scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'invalid_code'};
for my $type (keys %$hr) {
for my $code (keys %{$hr->{$type}}) {
for my $chain (keys %{$hr->{$type}->{$code}}) {
my $pkts = $hr->{$type}->{$code}->{$chain}->{'pkts'};
my $type_text = '';
if ($proto eq 'icmp') {
$type_text = $valid_icmp_types{$type}{'text'};
} else {
$type_text = $valid_icmp6_types{$type}{'text'};
}
push @lines, qq| Invalid | . uc($proto) .
qq| code: "$code" for | . uc($proto) .
qq| "$type_text" packet | .
qq|Chain: $chain, Packets: $pkts\n|;
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
unless ($printed) {
push @lines, " [NONE]\n";
}
push @lines, "\n Total scan sources: " . (keys %uniq_srcs) . "\n";
push @lines, " Total scan destinations: " . (keys %uniq_dsts) . "\n\n";
my $out_file = $config{'STATUS_OUTPUT_FILE'};
if ($analyze_mode) {
$out_file = $config{'ANALYSIS_OUTPUT_FILE'};
}
open F, "> $out_file" or die "[*] Could not open $out_file: $!";
for my $line (@lines) {
print $line;
print F $line;
}
close F;
print "[+] These results are available in: $out_file\n";
return;
}
sub print_blocked_ip_status() {
my $specific_ip = shift;
return unless -e $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'};
unlink "$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}.status"
if -e "$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}.status";
copy $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'},
"$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}.status";
open F, "< $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}.status" or
die "[*] $config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}.status: $!";
my @lines = <F>;
close F;
unlink "$config{'AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE'}.status";
my @print_lines = ();
if ($specific_ip) {
push @print_lines, " iptables auto-blocking status for: $specific_ip: \n";
} else {
push @print_lines, " iptables auto-blocked IPs:\n";
}
my $ipt = new IPTables::ChainMgr(%ipt_opts)
or die '[*] Could not acquire IPTables::ChainMgr object.';
my $found_line = 0;
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
if ($line =~ /^\s*(\S+)/) {
my $ip = $1; ### this may be a subnet
next unless $ip =~ /$ipv4_re/;
if ($specific_ip) {
next unless $ip eq $specific_ip;
}
my $timestamp = '';
my $time_remain = 0;
### older versions do not have the timestamp
if ($line =~ /^\s*\S+\s+(\d+)/) {
$timestamp = $1;
unless (defined $scan_dl{$ip}) {
### set the DL here to the minimum currently required
$scan_dl{$ip} = $config{'AUTO_IDS_DANGER_LEVEL'};
}
my ($timeout, $timeout_str) = &get_block_timeout($scan_dl{$ip});
if ($timeout > 0) {
$time_remain = $timeout - (time() - $timestamp);
$time_remain = 0 if $time_remain < 0;
push @print_lines, " $ip ($time_remain ",
"seconds remaining)\n";
} else {
push @print_lines, " $ip (unlimited timeout)\n";
}
} else {
push @print_lines, " $ip\n";
}
my $blocked = 0;
for my $hr (@ipt_config) {
if ($ipt->find_ip_rule(
$ip,
'0.0.0.0/0',
$hr->{'table'},
$hr->{'to_chain'},
$hr->{'target'})) {
$blocked = 1;
push @print_lines, " $hr->{'to_chain'}",
"($hr->{'target'})\n" if $verbose;
}
}
$found_line = 1;
if ($time_remain > 0) {
### we should see that the IP is still blocked
unless ($blocked) {
push @print_lines, ' [not currently blocked, sending ',
"cleanup message]\n";
system "$cmds{'psad'} --fw-rm-block-ip $ip";
}
} else {
push @print_lines, ' [expired timeout, sending ',
"cleanup message]\n";
system "$cmds{'psad'} --fw-rm-block-ip $ip";
}
}
}
push @print_lines, " [NONE]\n"
unless $found_line;
push @print_lines, "\n";
return \@print_lines;
}
sub import_old_scans() {
&import_filesystem_scan_data();
&sys_log('imported ' . (keys %scan_dl) . ' scanning IP ' .
'addresses from previous psad instance');
return;
}
sub import_packet_counters() {
return unless -e $config{'PACKET_COUNTER_FILE'};
open F, "< $config{'PACKET_COUNTER_FILE'}" or
die "[*] $config{'PACKET_COUNTER_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
if (/(\w+):\s+(\d+)/) {
$proto_ctrs{$1} = $2;
}
}
close F;
return;
}
sub print_packet_counters() {
my $str = " Total protocol packet counters:\n";
for my $proto (sort keys %protocols) {
next unless defined $proto_ctrs{$proto};
if (defined $protocol_strings{$proto}) {
$str .= sprintf "%12s: %s\n", $protocol_strings{$proto}{'name'},
"$proto_ctrs{$proto} pkts, ($protocol_strings{$proto}{'desc'})";
} else {
$str .= sprintf "%12s: %s\n", $proto, "$proto_ctrs{$proto} pkts";
}
}
$str .= "\n";
return [$str];
}
sub import_protocol_strings() {
open F, "< $config{'PROTOCOLS_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not ",
"open $config{'PROTOCOLS_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
### gre 47 GRE # General Routing Encapsulation
next if /^\s*#/;
if (/^\s*(\S+)\s+(\d+)\s+\S+\s+#\s+(.*)/) {
$protocol_strings{$2}{'name'} = $1;
$protocol_strings{$2}{'desc'} = $3;
}
}
close F;
return;
}
sub import_dshield_stats() {
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and -e $config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'}) {
open DS, "< $config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not ",
"open $config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'}: $!";
my @lines = <DS>;
close DS;
for my $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ /emails:\s+(\d+)/) {
$dshield_email_ctr = $1;
} elsif ($line =~ /packets:\s+(\d+)/) {
$dshield_lines_ctr = $1;
}
}
}
return;
}
sub print_dshield_stats() {
my @lines = ();
if ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and -e $config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'}) {
push @lines, " DShield stats:\n";
push @lines, " total emails: $dshield_email_ctr\n";
push @lines, " total packets: $dshield_lines_ctr\n\n";
}
return \@lines;
}
sub import_ipt_prefixes() {
if (-e $config{'IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE'}) {
open F, "< $config{'IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not ",
"open $config{'IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
if (/^\s*(.*?):\s+(\d+)/) {
my $prefix = $1;
my $count = $2;
$ipt_prefixes{$prefix} = $count;
}
}
close F;
}
return;
}
sub print_ipt_prefixes() {
my @lines = ();
push @lines, "[+] iptables log prefix counters:\n";
if (%ipt_prefixes) {
for my $prefix (keys %ipt_prefixes) {
my $count = $ipt_prefixes{$prefix};
push @lines, " \"$prefix\": $count\n";
}
} else {
push @lines, " [NONE]\n";
}
push @lines, "\n";
return \@lines;
}
sub import_ip_dirs() {
opendir D, $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or
die "[*] Could not open dir: $config{'PSAD_DIR'}: $!";
my @files = readdir D;
closedir D;
my $import_ctr = 0;
my $curr_pwd = getcwd();
chdir $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or die $!;
SRCIP: for my $src (@files) {
next SRCIP unless ($src =~ /$ipv4_re/ and -d $src);
### define as many hash keys as we can (older versions
### of psad don't include several of these files).
my $num_emails = 0;
if (-e "${src}/danger_level") {
open DL, "< ${src}/danger_level" or next SRCIP;
my $dl = <DL>;
close DL;
chomp $dl;
next SRCIP unless $dl >= 1;
$scan_dl{$src} = $dl; ### set the dl for $src
}
if (-e "${src}/os_guess") {
open OS, "< ${src}/os_guess" or next SRCIP;
my $os_guess = <OS>;
close OS;
chomp $os_guess;
### set the os guess for $src
$posf{$src}{'guess'} = $os_guess;
}
if (-e "${src}/p0f_guess") {
open OS, "< ${src}/p0f_guess" or next SRCIP;
my @lines = <OS>;
close OS;
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
$p0f{$src}{$line} = '';
}
}
opendir IPDIR, $src or next SRCIP;
my @scan_files = readdir IPDIR;
closedir IPDIR;
### get all of the destination ip addresses
my %dst_ips;
for my $scan_file (@scan_files) {
next if $scan_file =~ /_whois/; ### may be <src>_whois
if ($scan_file =~ /($ipv4_re)/) {
$dst_ips{$1} = '';
}
}
for my $dst (keys %dst_ips) {
my $email_ctr_file = '';
if (-e "${src}/${dst}_email_ctr") {
$email_ctr_file = "${src}/${dst}_email_ctr";
} elsif (-e "${src}/email_ctr") {
$email_ctr_file = "${src}/email_ctr";
}
if ($email_ctr_file) {
open E, "< $email_ctr_file" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$email_ctr_file: $!";
$num_emails = <E>;
close E;
chomp $num_emails;
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'} = $num_emails;
} else {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'} = $num_emails;
}
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 1;
} else {
if ($config{'ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST'} eq 'Y') {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{$dst}{'email_ctr'} = 0;
} else {
$scan_email_ctrs{$src}{'email_ctr'} = 0;
}
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'alerted'} = 0;
}
if (-e "${src}/${dst}_packet_ctr") {
open PKTS, "< ${src}/${dst}_packet_ctr" or die $!;
my @lines = <PKTS>;
close PKTS;
for my $line (@lines) {
my $chain;
my $intf;
my $pkts;
my $proto;
if ($line =~ /^(\w+)_(\w+)_icmp:\s+(\d+)/) {
$chain = $1;
$intf = $2;
$pkts = $3;
$chain = uc $chain if $chain eq 'input'
or $chain eq 'forward'
or $chain eq 'output';
$proto = 'icmp';
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}{$intf}{$proto}
+= $pkts;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'absnum'} += $pkts;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'}++;
} elsif ($line =~ /^(\w+)_(\w+)_(tcp|udp):
\s+(\d+)\s+\[(\S+)\]/x) {
$chain = $1;
$intf = $2;
$proto = $3;
$pkts = $4;
$chain = uc $chain if $chain eq 'input'
or $chain eq 'forward'
or $chain eq 'output';
my $port_rng = $5;
if ($port_rng =~ /(\d+)\-(\d+)/) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_sp'} = $1;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_ep'} = $2;
} elsif ($port_rng =~ /(\d+)/) {
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_sp'} = $1;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'abs_ep'} = $1;
}
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}{$intf}{$proto}
+= $pkts;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'absnum'} += $pkts;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'}++;
} elsif ($line =~ /^(\w+)_(\w+)_(\d+):\s+(\d+)/) {
$chain = $1;
$intf = $2;
$proto = $3;
$pkts = $4;
$chain = uc $chain if $chain eq 'input'
or $chain eq 'forward'
or $chain eq 'output';
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'chain'}{$chain}{$intf}{$proto}
+= $pkts;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'absnum'} += $pkts;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'tot_protocols'}++;
}
}
}
if (-e "${src}/${dst}_start_time") {
open ST, "< ${src}/${dst}_start_time" or next SRCIP;
my $s_time = <ST>;
close ST;
chomp $s_time;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{'s_time'} = $s_time;
}
if (-e "${src}/${dst}_signatures") {
open F, "< ${src}/${dst}_signatures" or
die "[*] Could not open ",
"${src}/${dst}_signatures: $!";
my @lines = <F>;
close F;
for my $line (@lines) {
### Format: <sig time> <sid> <matches> "<msg>" <chain> \
### <proto> <dst port> <flags> <is_fwsnort> <is_psad>
### 1165099853 249 1 "DDOS mstream client to handler" \
### INPUT tcp 15104 SYN 0 0
if ($line =~ /^\s*(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+\"(.*?)\"
\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+\"(.*?)\"\s+(\d+)
\s+(\d+)/x) {
my $time = $1;
my $sid = $2;
my $matches = $3;
my $msg = $4;
my $chain = $5;
my $proto = $6;
my $dp = $7;
my $flags = $8;
my $is_fwsnort = $9;
my $is_psad = $10;
### build up the %scan sid data
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}
{'time'} = $time;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}
{'dp'} = $dp;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}
{'flags'} = $flags;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}
{'pkts'} = $matches;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}
{'is_fwsnort'} = $is_fwsnort;
$scan{$src}{$dst}{$proto}{'sid'}{$sid}{$chain}
{'is_psad'} = $is_psad;
}
}
}
}
$import_ctr++;
}
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return;
}
sub import_top_sigs() {
return unless -e $config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'};
open F, "< $config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not ",
"open $config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
next unless /\S/;
next if /^\s*#/;
if (/^\s*(\d+)\s+\"(.*?)\"\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\w+)/) {
my $sid = $1;
my $msg = $2;
my $matches = $3;
my $sources = $4;
my $proto = $5;
$top_sigs{$sid} = $matches;
for (my $i=0; $i<$sources; $i++) {
### this is a hack since we can't recover
### the specific IP addresses
$sig_sources{$sid}{$i} = '';
}
}
}
close F;
return;
}
sub print_top_sigs() {
my @lines = ();
my $printed = 0;
if ($config{'STATUS_SIGS_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
push @lines, "[+] Top $config{'STATUS_SIGS_THRESHOLD'} " .
"signature matches:\n";
} else {
push @lines, "[+] Top signature matches:\n";
}
my $ctr = 0;
for my $sid (sort {$top_sigs{$b} <=> $top_sigs{$a}} keys %top_sigs) {
my $found = 0;
my $num_sources = keys %{$sig_sources{$sid}};
if (defined $sigs{$sid} and defined $sigs{$sid}{'msg'}) {
push @lines, qq| "$sigs{$sid}{'msg'}" | .
qq|($sigs{$sid}{'proto'}), | .
qq|Count: $top_sigs{$sid}, Unique sources: | .
qq|$num_sources, Sid: $sid\n|;
$found = 1;
$printed = 1;
} elsif (defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}
and defined $fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'}) {
push @lines, qq| "$fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'msg'}" | .
qq|($fwsnort_sigs{$sid}{'proto'}), | .
qq|Count: $top_sigs{$sid}, Unique sources: | .
qq|$num_sources, Sid: $sid\n|;
$found = 1;
$printed = 1;
}
$ctr++ if $found;
if ($config{'STATUS_SIGS_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'STATUS_SIGS_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
unless ($printed) {
push @lines, " [NONE]\n";
}
push @lines, "\n";
return \@lines;
}
sub import_top_scanned_ports() {
return unless -e $config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'};
open F, "< $config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
next unless /\S/;
next if /^\s*#\s*$/;
next if /^\s*#\s*Format/;
chomp;
### Format: <proto> <port> <packets>
if (/^\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)/) {
my $proto = $1;
my $port = $2;
my $count = $3;
if ($proto eq 'tcp') {
$top_tcp_ports{$port} = $count;
} elsif ($proto eq 'udp') {
$top_udp_ports{$port} = $count;
} elsif ($proto eq 'udplite') {
$top_udplite_ports{$port} = $count;
}
}
}
close F;
return;
}
sub print_top_scanned_ports() {
my @lines = ();
my $printed = 0;
if ($config{'STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
push @lines, "[+] Top $config{'STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD'} scanned ports:\n";
} else {
push @lines, "[+] Top scanned ports:\n";
}
if (%top_tcp_ports) {
my $ctr = 0;
for my $dp (sort {$top_tcp_ports{$b} <=> $top_tcp_ports{$a}}
keys %top_tcp_ports) {
my $str = sprintf " tcp %-5d $top_tcp_ports{$dp} packets\n", $dp;
push @lines, $str;
$printed = 1;
$ctr++;
if ($config{'STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
}
if (%top_udp_ports) {
my $ctr = 0;
push @lines, "\n";
for my $dp (sort {$top_udp_ports{$b} <=> $top_udp_ports{$a}}
keys %top_udp_ports) {
my $str = sprintf " udp %-5d $top_udp_ports{$dp} packets\n", $dp;
push @lines, $str;
$printed = 1;
$ctr++;
if ($config{'STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD'};
}
}
}
unless ($printed) {
push @lines, " [NONE]\n";
}
push @lines, "\n";
return \@lines;
}
sub import_top_attackers() {
return unless -e $config{'TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE'};
open F, "< $config{'TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE'}" or die "[*] Could not open ",
"$config{'TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE'}: $!";
while (<F>) {
next unless /\S/;
next if /^\s*#\s*$/;
### Format: <IP> <DL> <total_packets> <uniq_sigs> <sig_matches> <is_local>
if (/^\s*($ipv4_re)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d)/) {
my $ip = $1;
my $dl = $2;
my $tot_pkts = $3;
my $uniq_sigs = $4;
my $sig_matches = $5;
my $is_local = $6;
### do not add any IP from the top_attackers file
### that does not have a /var/log/psad/<ip>
### directory
next unless defined $scan_dl{$ip};
if (defined $scan_dl{$ip}) {
$scan_dl{$ip} = $dl
if $scan_dl{$ip} < $dl;
} else {
$scan_dl{$ip} = $dl;
}
$local_src{$ip} = '' if $is_local;
$top_packet_counts{$ip} = $tot_pkts;
$top_sig_counts{$ip} = $sig_matches;
}
}
close F;
return;
}
sub print_top_attackers() {
my @lines = ();
my $printed = 0;
if ($config{'STATUS_IP_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
push @lines, "[+] Top $config{'STATUS_IP_THRESHOLD'} attackers:\n";
} else {
push @lines, "[+] Top attackers:\n";
}
my $ctr = 0;
my %pre_sort_dl = ();
my %ip_objs = ();
for my $src (sort {$scan_dl{$b} cmp $scan_dl{$a}} keys %scan_dl) {
if ($status_min_dl) {
next unless $scan_dl{$src} >= $status_min_dl;
} else {
next unless $scan_dl{$src} >= $config{'MIN_DANGER_LEVEL'};
}
$pre_sort_dl{$scan_dl{$src}}{$src} = '';
}
my $ip6_short_len = 0;
for my $dl (qw/5 4 3 2 1/) {
next unless defined $pre_sort_dl{$dl};
for my $src (sort keys %{$pre_sort_dl{$dl}}) {
next unless defined $top_packet_counts{$src}
or defined $top_sig_counts{$src};
my $ip_obj = new NetAddr::IP($src)
or die "[*] NetAddr::IP $src error";
$ip_objs{$src} = $ip_obj;
if ($ip_obj->version() == 6) {
if (length($ip_obj->short()) > $ip6_short_len) {
$ip6_short_len = length($ip_obj->short());
}
}
}
}
for my $dl (qw/5 4 3 2 1/) {
next unless defined $pre_sort_dl{$dl};
for my $src (sort keys %{$pre_sort_dl{$dl}}) {
next unless defined $top_packet_counts{$src}
or defined $top_sig_counts{$src};
my $str = sprintf " %-15s DL: %d", $src, $scan_dl{$src};
if ($ip_objs{$src}->version() == 6) {
$str = sprintf " %s (%-${ip6_short_len}s) DL: %d", $src,
$ip_objs{$src}->short(), $scan_dl{$src};
}
if (defined $top_packet_counts{$src}) {
$str .= ", Packets: $top_packet_counts{$src}";
} else {
$str .= ', Packets: 0';
}
if (defined $top_sig_counts{$src}) {
$str .= ", Sig count: $top_sig_counts{$src}";
} else {
$str .= ', Sig count: 0';
}
if (defined $local_src{$src}) {
$str .= ', (local IP)';
}
$ctr++;
if ($config{'STATUS_IP_THRESHOLD'} > 0) {
last if $ctr >= $config{'STATUS_IP_THRESHOLD'};
}
push @lines, $str, "\n";
$printed = 1;
}
}
unless ($printed) {
push @lines, " [NONE]\n";
}
push @lines, "\n";
return \@lines;
}
sub remove_old_scans() {
opendir D, $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or
die "[*] Could not open dir: $config{'PSAD_DIR'}: $!";
my @files = readdir D;
closedir D;
my $curr_pwd = getcwd();
chdir $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or die $!;
SRCIP: for my $src (@files) {
next SRCIP unless ($src =~ /$ipv4_re/ and -d $src);
rmtree $src or die
"[*] Could not remove $config{'PSAD_DIR'}/$src: $!";
}
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return;
}
sub disk_check() {
my $fwdata_fh = shift;
### See how we are doing on disk space, and remove data
### if necessary.
if (&disk_space_exceeded() and $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} ne 'Y') {
$fwdata_fh = &reopen_fw_data($fwdata_fh, $TRUNCATE);
}
$last_disk_check = time();
return $fwdata_fh;
}
sub fw_data_file_check() {
my $fwdata_fh = shift;
if ($fw_data_file_check_ctr == 10) {
if (-e $fw_data_file) {
my $size_tmp = -s $fw_data_file;
my $inode_tmp = (stat($fw_data_file))[1];
if ($inode_tmp != $fw_data_file_inode
or $size_tmp < $fw_data_file_size) {
&sys_log('[+]', "iptables syslog file $fw_data_file " .
"shrank or was rotated, so re-opening");
$fwdata_fh = &reopen_fw_data($fwdata_fh, $NO_TRUNCATE);
$skip_first_loop = 1;
### set file size and inode
$fw_data_file_size = $size_tmp;
$fw_data_file_inode = $inode_tmp;
}
}
$fw_data_file_check_ctr = 0;
}
return $fwdata_fh;
}
sub notifications() {
my $num_packets = shift;
### Print the number of new packets we saw in FW_DATA_FILE if we are
### running in debug mode
if ($debug) {
print STDERR "[+] MAIN: number of new packets: $num_packets\n";
}
if ($die_msg) {
&print_sys_msg($die_msg, "$config{'PSAD_ERR_DIR'}/psad.die");
$die_msg = '';
}
if ($warn_msg) {
&print_sys_msg($warn_msg, "$config{'PSAD_ERR_DIR'}/psad.warn");
$warn_msg = '';
}
return;
}
sub usr1() {
my $rv = $EXIT_SUCCESS;
my $psad_pidfile = $pidfiles{'psad'};
if (-e $psad_pidfile) {
my $pid = &is_running($psad_pidfile);
if ($pid) { ### make sure psad is actually running
if (kill 'USR1', $pid) {
print "[+] USR1 signal sent to pid: $pid\n";
for (my $try=0; $try<=20; $try++) { ### limit attempts to 20
sleep 1;
print "[+] Checking for file: ",
"$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/scan_hash.${pid}\n";
if (-e "$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/scan_hash.${pid}") {
open U, "< $config{'PSAD_DIR'}/scan_hash.${pid}"
or print "[*] Sent psad pid $pid a USR1 ",
"signal, but could not open\n",
"\"$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/scan_hash.${pid}\n\""
and return $rv;
print while(<U>);
close U;
print "[+] Results available in: ",
"$config{'PSAD_DIR'}/scan_hash.${pid}\n";
last;
}
}
} else {
print "[*] Could not send psad the USR1 signal on ",
"$config{'HOSTNAME'}\n";
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
} else {
print "[-] psad is not running on $config{'HOSTNAME'}\n";
}
}
return $rv;
}
sub usr1_handler() {
$usr1_flag = 1;
return;
}
sub usr1_print_scan() {
$usr1_flag = 0; ### clear the USR1 flag
&sys_log('received USR1 signal, printing scan ' .
"hashes to $config{'PSAD_DIR'}/scan_hash.$$");
### dump scan hash to filesystem
&print_scan();
return;
}
sub hup() {
my $rv = $EXIT_SUCCESS;
for my $pidname (qw(psadwatchd psad kmsgsd)) {
my $pidfile = $pidfiles{$pidname};
my $pid = &is_running($pidfile);
if ($pid) {
if (kill 'HUP', $pid) {
print "[+] HUP signal sent to $pidname (pid: $pid)\n";
} else {
print "[*] Could not send $pidname ",
"(pid: $pid) a HUP signal.\n";
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
} else {
my $print = 1;
if ($pidname eq 'kmsgsd'
and ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i
or $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y')) {
$print = 0;
}
print "[-] $pidname daemon not running.\n" if $print;
}
}
return $rv;
}
sub hup_handler() {
$hup_flag = 1;
return;
}
sub hup_re_init() {
my $fwdata_fh = shift;
&sys_log('received HUP signal, re-importing psad.conf');
print STDERR "[+] Received HUP signal, re-importing config...\n"
if $debug;
my $orig_fwdata = $fw_data_file;
my $orig_ipt_sockfile = '';
$orig_ipt_sockfile = $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'}
if $config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y';
### Re-import all used config files (psad.conf, auto_dl,
### posf, signatures) if we received a HUP signal.
&psad_init();
if ($orig_fwdata ne $fw_data_file) {
$fwdata_fh = &reopen_fw_data($fwdata_fh, $NO_TRUNCATE);
$skip_first_loop = 1;
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} eq 'Y') {
if ($orig_ipt_sockfile ne $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'}) {
close $ipt_sock;
&get_auto_response_domain_sock();
$skip_first_loop = 1;
}
}
$hup_flag = 0; ### clear the HUP flag
return $fwdata_fh;
}
sub die_handler() {
$die_msg = shift;
return;
}
### write all warnings to a logfile
sub warn_handler() {
$warn_msg = shift;
return;
}
sub archive_data() {
my $curr_pwd = getcwd();
chdir $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or die "[*] Could not chdir ",
"$config{'PSAD_DIR'}: $!";
unless (-d $config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}) {
mkdir $config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}, 0700 or
die "[*] Could not create dir: ",
"$config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}: $!";
}
### archive all of the old ip address directories since
### we are restarting psad (should add a way to import
### these directories back into memory)
opendir D, $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or die "[*] Could not open dir: ",
"$config{'PSAD_DIR'}: $!";
my @files = readdir D;
closedir D;
IPDIR: for my $file (@files) {
if ($file =~ /$ipv4_re/ and -d $file) {
### check for the danger level associated with this dir
if (-e "$file/danger_level") {
open F, "< $file/danger_level" or next IPDIR;
my $dl = <F>;
close F;
chomp $dl;
if ($dl >= $config{'MIN_ARCHIVE_DANGER_LEVEL'}) {
### $file is an old scaning ip from
### a previous psad execution
my $old_ipdir = $file;
my $archive_ipdir =
"$config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}/$old_ipdir";
if (-d $archive_ipdir) {
rmtree $archive_ipdir;
}
move $old_ipdir, $archive_ipdir or die "[*] Could not ",
"move $old_ipdir -> $archive_ipdir";
}
}
}
}
### archive the fwdata file
my $fwdata = $fw_data_file;
my $fwarchive = "$config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}/fwdata_archive";
### first see how big the archive file is and zero out if
### it is larger than about 10,000 lines
if (-e $fwarchive && (-s $fwarchive) > 2367766) { ### about 10,000 lines
&truncate_file($fwarchive) unless $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y';
}
unless (-e $fwdata) {
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return;
}
open FW, "< $fwdata" or die "$fwdata exists but couldn't open it: $!";
my @fwlines = <FW>;
close FW;
open AR, ">> $fwarchive" or die "Could not open $fwarchive: $!";
print AR $_ for @fwlines;
close AR;
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return;
}
sub handle_cmdline() {
if ($analysis_emails and not $analyze_mode) {
die "[*] Can only specify --email-analysis flag ",
"when run in --Analyze mode.";
}
### be absolutely sure to disable auto-response for various
### offline modes
$config{'ENABLE_AUTO_IDS'} = 'N'
if ($analyze_mode and not $analyze_mode_auto_block)
or $syslog_server or $benchmark or $status_mode;
### The -I switch was given
$config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'} = $chk_interval if $chk_interval;
### The --snort-rdir switch was given
$config{'SNORT_RULES_DIR'} = $snort_rules_dir if $snort_rules_dir;
### The --signatures switch was given
$config{'SIGS_FILE'} = $sigs_file if $sigs_file;
### The --passive-os-file switch was given
$config{'POSF_FILE'} = $posf_file if $posf_file;
### The --auto-dl switch was given
$config{'AUTO_DL_FILE'} = $auto_dl_file if $auto_dl_file;
### make sure to go into status display mode if any of the following
### args were given.
$status_mode = 1 if ($status_ip and not $status_mode);
$status_mode = 1 if ($status_min_dl and not $status_mode);
$status_mode = 1 if ($status_summary and not $status_mode);
### make sure to go into firewall analysis mode if a ruleset
### file was specified on the command line.
$fw_analyze = 1 if $fw_file;
### disable whois and DNS lookups if we are running in -A mode.
$no_whois = 1 if $analyze_mode and not $analysis_whois;
$no_rdns = 1 if $analyze_mode and not $enable_analysis_dns;
return;
}
sub make_psad_dirs() {
for my $dir (qw(
/var/lib
/var/run
)) {
next if -d $dir;
mkdir $dir, 0755 or die "[*] Could not mkdir $dir: $!";
}
for my $dir (qw(
PSAD_DIR
PSAD_RUN_DIR
PSAD_FIFO_DIR
PSAD_CONF_DIR
CONF_ARCHIVE_DIR
PSAD_ERR_DIR
)) {
next if -d $config{$dir};
mkdir $config{$dir}, 0700 or
die "[*] Could not mkdir $config{$dir}: $!";
}
return;
}
sub setup() {
&make_psad_dirs();
unless (-e $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'} and -p $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}) {
system "$cmds{'mknod'} -m 600 $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'} p";
}
### make sure the new whois path exists
if (-x '/usr/bin/whois.psad' and not -x $cmds{'whois'}
and '/usr/bin/whois.psad' ne $cmds{'whois'}) {
move '/usr/bin/whois.psad', $cmds{'whois'} or die "[*] Could not ",
"move /usr/bin/whois.psad -> $cmds{'whois'}";
}
$no_email_alerts = 1 if $config{'ALERTING_METHODS'} =~ /no.?e?mail/i;
$no_syslog_alerts = 1 if $config{'ALERTING_METHODS'} =~ /no.?syslog/i;
### initialize dshield alerting interval
$dshield_alert_interval = 3600 * $config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_INTERVAL'};
### scale back the alerting interval from 24 hours by just enough
### to make sure that an alert will be sent each day.
$dshield_alert_interval -= 1 + $config{'CHECK_INTERVAL'}
if $config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_INTERVAL'} == 24;
unless ($hup_flag) {
my $truncate_or_create = 0;
my $restart_kmsgsd = 0;
if ($config{'TRUNCATE_FWDATA'} eq 'Y'
and $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} ne 'Y') {
$truncate_or_create = 1;
$restart_kmsgsd = 1;
} else {
unless (-e $fw_data_file) {
$truncate_or_create = 1;
}
}
### create the iptables data file if it doesn't exist
### (this is better than dying because it isn't there).
&truncate_file($fw_data_file) if $truncate_or_create;
### if we truncate fwdata then we have to restart
### any running kmsgsd process
&restart_kmsgsd() if $restart_kmsgsd;
### unlink socket file if it exists from a previous run (only
### if we have not received a HUP signal)
unlink $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'} if -e $config{'AUTO_IPT_SOCK'};
### if we are not importing old scans, then remove old counter
### values
if ($config{'IMPORT_OLD_SCANS'} eq 'N') {
&truncate_file($config{'PACKET_COUNTER_FILE'});
&truncate_file($config{'IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE'});
&truncate_file($config{'DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE'});
&truncate_file($config{'TOP_SIGS_FILE'});
&truncate_file($config{'TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE'});
&truncate_file($config{'TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE'});
}
if ($config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} ne 'Y') {
chmod 0600, $fw_data_file;
}
chmod 0600, $config{'FW_ERROR_LOG'};
}
### we assume that ulogd is properly configured (FIXME?)
return if $config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i;
return if $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y';
die '[*] No system logger config file could be found.'
unless (-e $config{'ETC_SYSLOG_CONF'}
or -e $config{'ETC_RSYSLOG_CONF'}
or -e $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}
or -e $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'});
### attempt to correct syslog config file if it is not configured
### correctly.
my $syslog_conf = '';
if ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} eq 'syslogd') {
$syslog_conf = $config{'ETC_SYSLOG_CONF'};
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} eq 'rsyslogd') {
$syslog_conf = $config{'ETC_RSYSLOG_CONF'};
}
if ($syslog_conf) {
if (-e $syslog_conf) {
unless (-e "$syslog_conf.orig") {
copy $syslog_conf,
"$syslog_conf.orig" or die "[*] Could not ",
"copy $syslog_conf -> ",
"$syslog_conf.orig";
}
open RS, "< $syslog_conf" or
die "[*] Unable to open $syslog_conf: $!";
my @lines = <RS>;
close RS;
my $found = 0;
for my $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ m/\|\s*$config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}/) {
$found = 1;
last;
}
}
unless ($found) {
open SYSLOG, "> $syslog_conf" or
die "[*] Unable to open $syslog_conf: $!";
### this loop removes any old location for psadfifo
for my $line (@lines) {
unless ($line =~ /psadfifo/i) {
print SYSLOG $line;
}
}
### reinstate kernel logging to our named pipe
print SYSLOG "\n### Send kern.info messages to psadfifo for ",
"analysis by kmsgsd\n";
print SYSLOG "kern.info\t\t|$config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}\n";
close SYSLOG;
&sys_log('reconfiguring syslogd to write ' .
"kern.info messages to $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}");
system "$cmds{'killall'} -HUP syslogd";
}
} else {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX'} " .
"$syslog_conf does not " .
"exist, check SYSLOG_DAEMON setting on $config{'HOSTNAME'}",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} eq 'syslog-ng') {
if (-e $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}) {
unless (-e "$config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}.orig") {
copy $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'},
"$config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}.orig" or die "[*] Could not ",
"copy $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'} -> ",
"$config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}.orig";
}
open RS, "< $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}" or
die "[*] Unable to open $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}: $!\n";
my @lines = <RS>;
close RS;
my $found = 0;
for my $line (@lines) {
next if $line =~ /^\s*#/;
if ($line =~ m/$config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}/ or $line =~ /psadfifo/) {
$found = 1;
last;
}
}
unless ($found) {
open SYSLOGNG, ">> $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}" or
die "[*] Unable to open $config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'}: $!";
print SYSLOGNG "\n",
qq|source psadsrc { unix-stream("/dev/log"); |,
qq|internal(); pipe("/proc/kmsg"); };\n|,
qq|filter f_psad { facility(kern) and match("IN=") |,
qq|and match("OUT="); };\n|,
'destination psadpipe { ',
"pipe(\"$config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}\"); };\n",
'log { source(psadsrc); filter(f_psad); ',
"destination(psadpipe); };\n";
close SYSLOGNG;
&sys_log('reconfiguring syslog-ng to write ' .
"kern.info messages to $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}");
system "$cmds{'killall'} -HUP syslog-ng";
}
} else {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX'} " .
"$config{'ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF'} does not " .
"exist, check SYSLOG_DAEMON setting on $config{'HOSTNAME'}",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} eq 'metalog') {
### Metalog support added by Dennis Freise <cat@final-frontier.ath.cx>
if (-e $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}) {
unless (-e "$config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}.orig") {
copy $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'},
"$config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}.orig" or die "[*] Could not ",
"copy $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'} -> ",
"$config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}.orig";
}
open RS, "< $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}" or
die "[*] Unable to open $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}: $!\n";
my @lines = <RS>;
close RS;
my $found = 0;
for my $line (@lines) {
if ($line =~ m/psadpipe\.sh/) {
$found = 1;
last;
}
}
unless ($found) {
open METALOG, "> $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}" or
die "[*] Unable to open $config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'}: $!";
print METALOG "\n",
"\nPSAD :\n",
" facility = \"kern\"\n",
' command = ',
"\"/usr/sbin/psadpipe.sh\"\n";
close METALOG;
&sys_log('reconfiguring metalog to write ' .
"kern-facility messages to /usr/sbin/psadpipe.sh");
open PIPESCRIPT, '> /usr/sbin/psadpipe.sh' or
die "[*] Unable to open /usr/sbin/psadpipe.sh: $!";
print PIPESCRIPT "#!/bin/sh\n\n",
"echo \"\$3\" >> $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}\n";
close PIPESCRIPT;
chmod 0700, '/usr/sbin/psadpipe.sh';
&sys_log('generated /usr/sbin/psadpipe.sh ' .
"which writes to $config{'PSAD_FIFO_FILE'}");
### Metalog seems to simply die on SIGHUP and SIGALRM, and I
### found no signal or option to reload it's config... :-(
die '[*] All files written. You have to manually restart metalog! ',
'When done, start psad again.';
# system "$cmds{'killall'} -HUP metalog";
}
} else {
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX'} " .
"$config{'ETC_METALOG_CONF'} does not " .
"exist, check SYSLOG_DAEMON setting on $config{'HOSTNAME'}",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
}
}
return;
}
sub restart_kmsgsd() {
return if $config{'ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE'} eq 'Y';
return if $no_kmsgsd or $config{'SYSLOG_DAEMON'} =~ /ulog/i;
return unless -e $pidfiles{'kmsgsd'};
my $pid = &is_running($pidfiles{'kmsgsd'});
return unless $pid;
&sys_log('restarting kmsgsd since TRUNCATE_FWDATA is enabled');
kill 9, $pid unless kill 15, $pid;
system $cmds{'kmsgsd'};
$kmsgsd_started = 1;
return;
}
sub get_scale_factor() {
my $num_packets = shift;
return 0 unless $analyze_mode;
my $val = 0;
if ($num_packets < 100) {
$val = $num_packets;
} else {
$val = int($num_packets/10);
if ($val < 100) {
$val -= $val % 10;
} elsif ($val < 1000) {
$val -= $val % 100;
} elsif ($val < 10000) {
$val -= $val % 1000;
} elsif ($val < 100000) {
$val -= $val % 10000;
} elsif ($val < 1000000) {
$val -= $val % 100000;
} else {
$val = 50000;
}
}
$val++;
return $val;
}
sub truncate_file() {
my $file = shift;
open F, "> $file" or die "[*] Could not open $file: $!";
close F;
return;
}
sub disk_space_exceeded() {
my $curr_pwd = getcwd();
my @df_data = @{&run_command($cmds{'df'}, $config{'PSAD_DIR'})};
my ($prcnt) = ($df_data[$#df_data] =~ /(\d+)%/);
my $rv = 0;
if ($config{'DISK_MAX_PERCENTAGE'} > 0
and $prcnt > $config{'DISK_MAX_PERCENTAGE'}) {
### need to remove data
$rv = 1;
$rm_data_ctr++;
&sys_log("disk partition associated with " .
"$config{'PSAD_DIR'} exceeded " .
"$config{'DISK_MAX_PERCENTAGE'} prct utilization.");
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX'} Exceeded max disk " .
"utilization for $config{'PSAD_DIR'} on $config{'HOSTNAME'}",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'}, $cmds{'mail'});
&sys_log("removing data in $config{'PSAD_DIR'}");
if (-d $config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}) {
### remove the entire archive directory (we have run out of
### disk so keeping old scan directories around is the least
### of our worries).
&sys_log("removing $config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'} directory");
rmtree $config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'};
mkdir $config{'SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR'}, 0700;
}
opendir D, $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or
die "[*] Could not open dir: $config{'PSAD_DIR'}: $!";
my @ipdirs = readdir D;
closedir D;
chdir $config{'PSAD_DIR'} or die $!;
for my $ipdir (@ipdirs) {
if ($ipdir =~ /$ipv4_re/ and -d $ipdir) {
opendir IP, $ipdir or die $!;
my @scanfiles = readdir IP;
closedir IP;
for my $file (@scanfiles) {
if (-e "${ipdir}/$file" and $file =~ /_signatures/) {
unlink "${ipdir}/$file";
}
}
}
}
if ($rm_data_ctr > $config{'DISK_MAX_RM_RETRIES'}) {
&sys_log("could not sufficiently reduce disk " .
"utilization in $config{'PSAD_DIR'} partition. " .
"Stopping psad!");
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX'} Could not " .
"reduce disk utilization on " .
$config{'HOSTNAME'}, '', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'},
$cmds{'mail'});
&send_mail("$config{'MAIL_FATAL_PREFIX'} Stopping psad " .
"on $config{'HOSTNAME'}!",
'', $config{'EMAIL_ADDRESSES'},
$cmds{'mail'});
for my $pidname (qw(psadwatchd kmsgsd)) {
my $pidfile = $pidfiles{$pidname};
my $pid = &is_running($pidfile);
if ($pid) {
unless (kill 15, $pid) { ### attempt to stop with SIGTERM
kill 9, $pid;
}
}
}
exit 1;
}
} else {
### the disk check interval was exceeded but the utilization is ok.
$rm_data_ctr = 0;
}
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return $rv;
}
sub dump_conf() {
my $fh = *STDOUT;
$fh = *STDERR if $debug;
### uname output
print $fh "[+] uname output:\n";
my @uname_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'uname'}, '-a')};
if (@uname_out) {
for (@uname_out) {
s/Linux\s+(\S+)\s/Linux (removed) /;
print $fh $_;
}
}
print $fh "\n";
### perl version (we assume perl is in the path)
print $fh "[+] perl info:\n";
my @perl_info = @{&run_command('perl', '-V')};
if (@perl_info) {
print $fh $_ for @perl_info;
}
print $fh "\n";
print $fh "[+] syslog processes:\n";
my @ps_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ps'}, 'auxww')};
if (@ps_out) {
for (@ps_out) {
print $fh $_ if m|syslog|i;
}
}
print $fh "\n";
print $fh "[+] psad processes:\n";
my @ps_psad_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ps'}, 'auxww')};
if (@ps_psad_out) {
for (@ps_psad_out) {
print $fh $_ if m|psad|i;
}
}
print $fh "\n";
if ($config{'IFCFGTYPE'} =~ /iproute2/i) {
print $fh "[+] ip addr output:\n";
my @ip_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ip'}, 'addr')};
if (@ip_out) {
for (@ip_out) {
s/$ipv4_re/x.x.x.x/g;
s/inet6\s+\S+/inet6 (removed)/;
print $fh $_;
}
}
} else {
print $fh "[+] ifconfig output:\n";
my @ifconfig_out = @{&run_command($cmds{'ifconfig'}, '-a')};
if (@ifconfig_out) {
for (@ifconfig_out) {
s/$ipv4_re/x.x.x.x/g;
s/inet6\s+addr:\s+\S+/inet6 addr: (removed)/;
print $fh $_;
}
}
}
print $fh "\n";
print $fh "\n[+] psad v$version\n\n";
my $install_log = '/var/log/psad/install.log';
if (-e $install_log) {
print $fh "[+] $install_log exists.\n\n";
} else {
print $fh "[+] $install_log does NOT exist.\n\n";
}
print $fh "[+] Dumping psad config from: $config_file\n\n";
for my $var (sort keys %config) {
my $str = $config{$var};
### sanitize sensitive information
$str = '(removed)' if $var eq 'DSHIELD_USER_EMAIL';
$str = '(removed)' if $var eq 'DSHIELD_USER_ID';
$str = '(removed)' if $var eq 'EMAIL_ADDRESSES';
$str = '(removed)' if $var eq 'HOME_NET';
$str = '(removed)' if $var eq 'HOSTNAME';
$str = '(removed)' if $var eq 'EXTERNAL_NET';
$str = '(removed)' if $var =~ m|SERVERS|;
printf $fh "%-30s %s\n", " $var", $str;
}
print $fh "\n[+] Command paths:\n\n";
for my $var (sort keys %cmds) {
printf $fh "%-30s %s\n", "[+] $var", $cmds{$var};
}
### sometimes we exit after calling this function, and if not
### the return value is ignored
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub dump_ipt_policy() {
my $rv = $EXIT_SUCCESS;
my $fh = *STDOUT;
$fh = *STDERR if $debug;
if ($config{'ENABLE_IPV6_DETECTION'} eq 'Y') {
print $fh "\n[+] ip6tables policy dump:\n";
if (defined $cmds{'ip6tables'} and -x $cmds{'ip6tables'}) {
my @ipt_ver = @{&run_command($cmds{'ip6tables'}, '-V')};
if (@ipt_ver) {
print $fh $_ for @ipt_ver;
print "\n";
}
my @lines = @{&run_command($cmds{'ip6tables'}, '-v -n -L')};
for my $line (@lines) {
unless ($fw_include_ips) {
### always include ::/0
$line =~ s|\s\:\:/0\s|___PsAd0Net___|g;
$line =~ s|\s([A-Fa-f0-9\:]{2,40}/\d{1,3})\s| ::/x |g;
$line =~ s|___PsAd0Net___| ::/0 |g;
}
print $fh $line;
}
} else {
print $fh "[*] Could not find ip6tables command.\n";
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
}
print $fh "\n[+] iptables policy dump:\n";
if (defined $cmds{'iptables'} and -x $cmds{'iptables'}) {
my @ipt_ver = @{&run_command($cmds{'iptables'}, '-V')};
if (@ipt_ver) {
print $fh $_ for @ipt_ver;
print "\n";
}
my @lines = @{&run_command($cmds{'iptables'}, '-v -n -L')};
for my $line (@lines) {
unless ($fw_include_ips) {
### always include 0.0.0.0/0
$line =~ s|0\.0\.0\.0/0|___PsAd0Net___|g;
$line =~ s|0\.0\.0\.0|___PsAd0IP___|g;
$line =~ s|($ipv4_re/\d+)|x.x.x.x/x|g;
$line =~ s|($ipv4_re)|x.x.x.x|g;
$line =~ s|___PsAd0Net___|0.0.0.0/0|g;
$line =~ s|___PsAd0IP___|0.0.0.0|g;
}
print $fh $line;
}
} else {
print $fh "[*] Could not find iptables command.\n";
$rv = $EXIT_FAILURE;
}
return $rv;
}
sub sys_log_mline() {
my $aref = shift;
for (my $i=0; $i<5 && $i<=$#$aref; $i++) {
&sys_log($aref->[$i]);
}
return;
}
### write a message to syslog
sub sys_log() {
my $msg = shift;
print STDERR "[+] syslog msg: $msg\n" if ($test_mode or $debug);
return unless $imported_syslog_module;
return if $no_syslog_alerts;
### this is an ugly hack to avoid the 'can't use string as subroutine'
### error because of 'use strict'
if ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL7/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL7());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL6/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL6());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL5/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL5());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL4/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL4());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL3/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL3());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL2/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL2());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL1/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL1());
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_FACILITY'} =~ /LOG_LOCAL0/i) {
openlog($config{'SYSLOG_IDENTITY'}, &LOG_DAEMON(), &LOG_LOCAL0());
}
if ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_INFO/i) {
syslog(&LOG_INFO(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_DEBUG/i) {
syslog(&LOG_DEBUG(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_NOTICE/i) {
syslog(&LOG_NOTICE(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_WARNING/i) {
syslog(&LOG_WARNING(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_ERR/i) {
syslog(&LOG_ERR(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_CRIT/i) {
syslog(&LOG_CRIT(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_ALERT/i) {
syslog(&LOG_ALERT(), $msg);
} elsif ($config{'SYSLOG_PRIORITY'} =~ /LOG_EMERG/i) {
syslog(&LOG_EMERG(), $msg);
}
closelog();
return;
}
sub run_command() {
my ($cmd_path, $args) = @_;
my $cmd = $cmd_path;
$cmd .= " $args" if $args;
print STDERR "[+] run_command(): $cmd\n" if $debug;
open CMD, "$cmd |" or die "[*] Could not ",
"execute $cmd: $!";
my @lines = <CMD>;
close CMD;
return \@lines;
}
sub download_signatures() {
&archive_conf($config{'SIGS_FILE'});
### for wget
&check_commands({'sendmail'=>'', 'mail'=>''});
my $curr_pwd = getcwd();
chdir '/tmp' or die $!;
print "[+] Downloading latest signatures from:\n",
" $config{'SIG_UPDATE_URL'}\n";
unlink 'signatures' if -e 'signatures';
### download the file
system "$cmds{'wget'} $config{'SIG_UPDATE_URL'}";
die "[*] Could not download signature file" unless -e 'signatures';
unlink $config{'SIGS_FILE'} if -e $config{'SIGS_FILE'};
move 'signatures', $config{'SIGS_FILE'};
print
"[+] New signature file $config{'SIGS_FILE'} has been put in\n",
" place. You can restart psad (or use 'psad -H') to import the\n",
" new sigs.\n";
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return $EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
sub date_time() {
my $date_str = shift;
my $time = time();
my $date = $time;
### Feb 27 12:36:57
if ($date_str =~ /^\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})/) {
my $m_tmp = $1; ### kludge for Decode_Month() call
my $month = Decode_Month($m_tmp);
my $day = sprintf("%.2d", $2);
my $hour = $3;
my $min = $4;
my $sec = $5;
$date = Date_to_Time(This_Year(), $month, $day, $hour, $min, $sec);
if ($date > $time) {
### date is in the future because the iptables syslog message
### does not include the year - subtract one year
$date -= 60*60*24*356;
}
}
return $date;
}
sub archive_conf() {
my $file = shift;
my $curr_pwd = getcwd();
chdir $config{'CONF_ARCHIVE_DIR'} or die $!;
my ($filename) = ($file =~ m|.*/(.*)|);
my $base = "${filename}.old";
for (my $i = 5; $i > 1; $i--) { ### keep five copies of old config files
my $j = $i - 1;
unlink "${base}${i}.gz" if -e "${base}${i}.gz";
if (-e "${base}${j}.gz") {
move "${base}${j}.gz", "${base}${i}.gz" or die "[*] Could not ",
"move ${base}${j}.gz -> ${base}${i}.gz: $!";
}
}
print "[+] Archiving original $file -> ${base}1\n";
unlink "${base}1.gz" if -e "${base}1.gz";
### move $file into the archive directory
copy $file, "${base}1" or die "[*] Could not copy ",
"$file -> ${base}1: $!";
system "$cmds{'gzip'} ${base}1";
chdir $curr_pwd or die $!;
return;
}
sub import_override_configs() {
my @override_configs = split /,/, $override_config_str;
for my $file (@override_configs) {
die "[*] Override config file $file does not exist"
unless -e $file;
&import_config($file);
}
return;
}
sub import_config() {
my $conf_file = shift;
open C, "< $conf_file" or die "[*] Could not open " .
"config file $conf_file: $!";
my @lines = <C>;
close C;
for my $line (@lines) {
chomp $line;
next if ($line =~ /^\s*#/);
if ($line =~ /^\s*(\S+)\s+(.*?)\;/) {
my $varname = $1;
my $val = $2;
if ($val =~ m|/.+| && $varname =~ /^\s*(\S+)Cmd$/) {
### found a command
$cmds{$1} = $val unless defined $cmds{$1};
} else {
$config{$varname} = $val unless defined $config{$varname};
}
}
}
return;
}
sub expand_vars() {
my $has_sub_var = 1;
my $resolve_ctr = 0;
while ($has_sub_var) {
$resolve_ctr++;
$has_sub_var = 0;
if ($resolve_ctr >= 20) {
die "[*] Exceeded maximum variable resolution counter.";
}
for my $hr (\%config, \%cmds) {
for my $var (keys %$hr) {
my $val = $hr->{$var};
if ($val =~ m|\$(\w+)|) {
my $sub_var = $1;
die "[*] sub-ver $sub_var not allowed within same ",
"variable $var" if $sub_var eq $var;
if (defined $config{$sub_var}) {
if ($sub_var eq 'INSTALL_ROOT'
and $config{$sub_var} eq '/') {
$val =~ s|\$$sub_var||;
} else {
$val =~ s|\$$sub_var|$config{$sub_var}|;
}
$hr->{$var} = $val;
} else {
die "[*] sub-var \"$sub_var\" not defined in ",
"config for var: $var."
}
$has_sub_var = 1;
}
}
}
}
return;
}
sub is_root() {
### exceptions
for my $var ($download_sigs,
$analyze_mode,
$get_next_rule_id,
$gnuplot_mode,
$csv_mode,
$dump_conf,
$status_mode,
$benchmark,
) {
return if $var;
}
$< == 0 and $> == 0 or
die '[*] psad: You must be root (or equivalent ',
"UID 0 account) to execute psad! Exiting.";
}
### check to make sure all required varables are defined in the config
### this subroutine is passed different variables by each script that
### correspond to only those variables needed be each script).
sub defined_vars() {
my $varnames_ar = shift;
for my $var (@$varnames_ar) {
unless (defined $config{$var}) { ### missing var
die "[*] The config file \"$config_file\" does not " .
"contain the\nvariable: \"$var\". Exiting!";
}
}
return;
}
### check paths to commands and attempt to correct if any are wrong.
sub check_commands() {
my $exceptions_hr = shift;
if ($no_whois or $config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N') {
$exceptions_hr->{'whois'} = '';
} else {
unless (defined $cmds{'whois'}
and -x $cmds{'whois'}) {
### try setting to normal /usr/bin/whois path, and let
### the code below work out the correct path if necessary
$cmds{'whois'} = '/usr/bin/whois';
}
}
my @path = (qw(
/bin
/sbin
/usr/bin
/usr/sbin
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/sbin
));
CMD: for my $cmd (keys %cmds) {
next CMD if defined $exceptions_hr->{$cmd};
### both mail and sendmail are special cases, mail is not required
### if "nomail" is set in REPORT_METHOD, and sendmail is only
### required if DShield alerting is enabled and a DShield user
### email is set.
if ($cmd eq 'mail') {
next CMD if $config{'ALERTING_METHODS'} =~ /no.?e?mail/i;
} elsif ($cmd eq 'sendmail') {
next CMD unless ($config{'ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS'} eq 'Y'
and $config{'DSHIELD_ALERT_EMAIL'} ne 'NONE');
}
if ($cmd eq 'ip6tables') {
next CMD unless $config{'ENABLE_IPV6_DETECTION'} eq 'Y';
}
unless (-x $cmds{$cmd}) {
my $found = 0;
PATH: for my $dir (@path) {
if (-x "${dir}/${cmd}") {
$cmds{$cmd} = "${dir}/${cmd}";
$found = 1;
last PATH;
}
}
unless ($found) {
unless (defined $exceptions_hr->{$cmd}) {
die "[*] Could not find $cmd, edit $config_file";
}
}
}
unless (-x $cmds{$cmd}) {
unless (defined $exceptions_hr->{$cmd}) {
die "[*] $cmd is located at ",
"$cmds{$cmd}, but is not executable\n",
" by uid: $<";
}
}
}
unless ($no_whois or $config{'ENABLE_WHOIS_LOOKUPS'} eq 'N') {
### disable whois lookups if a suitable whois client could not
### be found.
unless (defined $cmds{'whois'}
and -x $cmds{'whois'}) { ### we couldn't find whois_psad
warn '[-] Could not locate whois binary, ',
"disabling whois lookups.\n";
$no_whois = 1;
}
}
return;
}
sub is_running() {
my $pidfile = shift or die '[*] Must supply a pid file.';
return 0 unless -e $pidfile;
open PIDFILE, "< $pidfile" or die "[*] Could not open $pidfile: $!";
my $pid = <PIDFILE>;
close PIDFILE;
chomp $pid;
return $pid if (kill 0, $pid); ### pid is running
return 0;
}
sub look_for_process() {
my $process_re = shift;
for (@{&run_command($cmds{'ps'}, 'auxww')}) {
return 1 if /$process_re/;
}
return 0;
}
### make sure pid is unique
sub unique_pid() {
my $pidfile = shift;
if (&is_running($pidfile)) {
my $msg = "Another $0 process is already running, exiting.";
&sys_log($msg);
die "[*] $msg";
}
return;
}
### write the pid to the pid file
sub write_pid() {
my $pidfile = shift;
open PIDFILE, "> $pidfile" or die "[*] Could not ",
"open pidfile $pidfile: $!\n";
print PIDFILE $$ . "\n";
close PIDFILE;
chmod 0600, $pidfile;
return;
}
### write command line to cmd file
sub write_cmd_line() {
my ($args_ar, $cmdline_file) = @_;
open CMD, "> $cmdline_file";
print CMD "@$args_ar\n";
close CMD;
chmod 0600, $cmdline_file;
return;
}
### send mail message to all addresses contained in the
### EMAIL_ADDRESSES variable within psad.conf ($addr_str).
### TODO: Would it be better to use Net::SMTP here?
sub send_mail() {
my ($subject, $body_file, $addr_str, $mailCmd) = @_;
return if $no_email_alerts;
my @mail_body_lines = ();
if ($body_file) {
open F, "< $body_file" or die "[*] Could not open mail file: ",
"$body_file: $!";
@mail_body_lines = <F>;
close F;
}
open MAIL, qq{| $mailCmd -s "$subject" $addr_str > /dev/null 2>&1} or die
qq{[*] Could not send mail: $mailCmd -s "$subject" $addr_str: $!};
if ($body_file and @mail_body_lines) {
print MAIL for @mail_body_lines;
}
close MAIL;
return;
}
### write a message to a file
sub print_sys_msg() {
my ($msg, $file) = @_;
open F, ">> $file" or die "[*] Could not open $file: $!";
print F scalar localtime(), " psad v$version ",
"pid: $$ $msg";
close F;
return;
}
sub getopt_wrapper() {
### make Getopts case sensitive
Getopt::Long::Configure('no_ignore_case');
die "[*] See 'psad -h' for usage information" unless (GetOptions(
'signatures=s' => \$sigs_file, # Path to psad signatures file.
'sig-update' => \$download_sigs, # Download the latest signatures from
# http://www.cipherdyne.org/psad/signatures
'passive-os-sigs=s' => \$posf_file, # Path to passive os fingerprinting
# signatures.
'snort-type=s' => \$srules_type, # Only process snort rules of
# this type (e.g. "ddos" or
# "backdoor").
'snort-rdir=s' => \$snort_rules_dir, # Specify a directory for snort
# rules.
'auto-dl=s' => \$auto_dl_file, # Path to psad auto IPs file for
# auto-setting IP danger level.
'use-store-file=s' => \$store_file, # Path to parsed data written to by Storable
'Analyze-msgs' => \$analyze_mode, # Analysis mode for old iptables
# messages in the psad fwdata file
# (or messages file; see
# --messages).
'analysis-write-data' => \$analyze_write_data, # Write data to filesystem from
# -A mode (this can take a long
# time).
'analyze-write-data' => \$analyze_write_data,
'analysis-auto-block' => \$analyze_mode_auto_block, # enable auto-blocking (if
# so configured) in -A mode.
'analysis-fields=s' => \$analysis_fields, # Place a criteria on various fields
# that are parsed from an iptables
# logfile.
'analyze-fields=s' => \$analysis_fields, # Synonym.
'stdin' => \$pkts_from_stdin,
'whois-analysis' => \$analysis_whois, # Issue whois lookups in analysis
# mode.
'dns-analysis' => \$enable_analysis_dns, # Issue DNS lookups in -A mode.
'email-analysis' => \$analysis_emails, # Send analysis mode emails.
'messages-file=s' => \$fw_data_file, # Specify the path to file containing
# old iptables messages (fwdata by
# default).
'get-next-rule-id' => \$get_next_rule_id, # Show the next available signature ID.
### gnuplot options
'gnuplot' => \$gnuplot_mode, # gnuplot mode.
'gnuplot-dat-file=s' => \$gnuplot_data_file, # gnuplot .dat file.
'gnuplot-plot-file=s' => \$gnuplot_plot_file, # gnuplot .gnu file.
'gnuplot-png-file=s' => \$gnuplot_png_file, # gnuplot .gnu file.
'gnuplot-interactive' => \$gnuplot_interactive, # launch gnuplot.
'gnuplot-title=s' => \$gnuplot_title, # Set gnuplot title.
'gnuplot-legend-titls=s' => \$gnuplot_legend_title, # Set gnuplot legend title.
'gnuplot-x-label=s' => \$gnuplot_x_label,
'gnuplot-xlabel=s' => \$gnuplot_x_label,
'gnuplot-x-range=s' => \$gnuplot_x_range,
'gnuplot-xrange=s' => \$gnuplot_x_range,
'gnuplot-y-label=s' => \$gnuplot_y_label,
'gnuplot-ylabel=s' => \$gnuplot_y_label,
'gnuplot-y-range=s' => \$gnuplot_y_range,
'gnuplot-yrange=s' => \$gnuplot_y_range,
'gnuplot-z-label=s' => \$gnuplot_z_label,
'gnuplot-zlabel=s' => \$gnuplot_z_label,
'gnuplot-z-range=s' => \$gnuplot_z_range,
'gnuplot-zrange=s' => \$gnuplot_z_range,
'gnuplot-graph-style=s' => \$gnuplot_graph_style,
'gnuplot-sort-style=s' => \$gnuplot_sort_style,
'gnuplot-3d' => \$gnuplot_3d,
'gnuplot-3D' => \$gnuplot_3d,
'gnuplot-view=s' => \$gnuplot_view,
'gnuplot-grayscale' => \$gnuplot_grayscale,
'gnuplot-file-prefix=s' => \$gnuplot_file_prefix,
'gnuplot-template=s' => \$gnuplot_template_file,
'CSV' => \$csv_mode, # CSV mode.
'CSV-fields=s' => \$csv_fields, # Specify list of CSV fields.
'CSV-unique-lines' => \$csv_print_uniq, # Only print unique lines in CSV output.
'CSV-max-lines=i' => \$csv_line_limit, # Limit the number of CSV output lines.
'CSV-start-line=i' => \$csv_start_line, # Starting line in CSV file.
'CSV-end-line=i' => \$csv_end_line, # Ending line in CSV file.
'CSV-regex=s' => \$csv_regex, # Require additional regex match.
'CSV-neg-regex=s' => \$csv_neg_regex, # Require additional negative regex
# match.
'CSV-stdin' => \$csv_stdin, # Acquire iptables log data from
# stdin.
'plot-separator' => \$plot_separator, # Specify separator character for plot
# data (both gnuplot and CSV data).
'debug' => \$debug, # Run in debug mode.
'debug-sid=i' => \$debug_sid, # Debug a specific signature.
'Dump-conf' => \$dump_conf, # Dump config and exit.
'Interval=i' => \$chk_interval, # Set $chk_interval from the
# command line.
'interface=s' => \$cmdl_interface, # Specify the IN interface manually
# and ignore packets on all others.
'config=s' => \$config_file, # Specify path to configuration file.
'Override-config=s' => \$override_config_str,
'fw-analyze' => \$fw_analyze, # Analyze the firewall ruleset and
# exit.
'fw-file=s' => \$fw_file, # Analyze ruleset contained within
# $fw_file instead of a running
# policy.
'fw-list-auto' => \$fw_list_auto, # Display iptables chains used by
# psad in auto blocking code.
'List' => \$fw_list_auto, # Synonym for --fw-list-auto
'fw-block-ip=s' => \$fw_block_ip, # Add an IP/net to the psad auto-
# blocking chains. Then psad can
# manage timeouts, etc.
'fw-rm-block-ip=s' => \$fw_rm_block_ip, # Delete any block rule against an IP
'fw-del-chains' => \$fw_del_chains, # Delete psad chains in addition to
# flushing them (requires --F as
# well).
'X' => \$fw_del_chains, # Synonym for --fw-del-chains.
'fw-dump' => \$dump_ipt_policy, # Dump the iptables policy
# (requires -D as well).
'fw-include-ips' => \$fw_include_ips, # Include all IPs/nets in iptables
# dump (--fw-dump) output.
'log-server' => \$syslog_server, # We are running psad on a syslog
# logging server.
'Kill' => \$kill, # Kill all running psad processes.
# (psadwatchd, psad, kmsgsd)
'Restart' => \$restart, # Restart psad with all options of
# the currently running psad
# process.
'Flush' => \$flush_fw, # Flush any rules that psad previously
# added via the auto blocking code.
'Status' => \$status_mode, # Display status of any currently
# running psad processes.
'status-ip=s' => \$status_ip, # Display status for a specific IP.
'status-dl=i' => \$status_min_dl, # Display status for scans that have
# reached at least this danger
# level.
'status-summary' => \$status_summary, # Only display status summary info.
'restrict-ip=s' => \$restrict_ip, # Only process packets that have
# either this IP as the src or dst.
'Benchmark' => \$benchmark, # Run in benchmark mode.
'packets=i' => \$num_packets, # Specify number of packets to use
# in benchmark test or in -A mode.
'USR1' => \$usr1, # Send an existing psad process a
# USR1 signal (useful for debugging).
'HUP' => \$hup, # Send psad processes a HUP signal
# to re-import config.
'lib-dir=s' => \$lib_dir, # Specify path to psad lib directory.
'no-snort-sids' => \$no_snort_sids, # Disable search for snort SID's
# in iptables messages.
'no-whois' => \$no_whois, # Do not issue whois lookups against
'no-passiveos' => \$no_posf, # Do not attempt to passively
'no-passive-os' => \$no_posf, # Do not attempt to passively
# fingerprint the remote OS.
'no-signatures' => \$no_signatures, # Disable signature processing.
'no-icmp-types' => \$no_icmp_types, # Disable icmp type/code validation.
'no-icmp6-types' => \$no_icmp6_types, # Disable icmp6 type/code validation.
'no-auto-dl' => \$no_auto_dl, # Disable auto danger level
# assignment.
'no-daemon' => \$no_daemon, # Do not run as a daemon.
'no-fwcheck' => \$no_fwcheck, # Do not check firewall rules.
'no-rdns' => \$no_rdns, # Do not issue dns lookups against
# scanning IP address.
'no-netstat' => \$no_netstat, # Do not check to see if the
# firewall is listening on
# localport that has been scanned.
'no-ipt-errors' => \$no_ipt_errors, # Do not write malformed packet.
# messages to error log.
'no-kmsgsd' => \$no_kmsgsd, # Do not start kmsgsd (used for
# debugging).
'test-mode' => \$test_mode, # Enable test mode (used by the
# test suite).
'verbose' => \$verbose, # Verbose output (for both alerts
# and debug info).
'Version' => \$print_ver, # Print the psad version and exit.
'help' => \$help, # Display help.
));
&usage(0) if $help;
### Print the version number and exit if -V given on the command line.
if ($print_ver) {
print "[+] psad v$version by Michael Rash <mbr\@cipherdyne.org>\n";
exit 0;
}
return;
}
sub required_vars() {
my @required_vars = (qw(
EMAIL_ADDRESSES CHECK_INTERVAL FW_DATA_FILE FW_ERROR_LOG
HOME_NET SNORT_SID_STR ENABLE_AUTO_IDS IGNORE_CONNTRACK_BUG_PKTS
SCAN_TIMEOUT DANGER_LEVEL1 DANGER_LEVEL2 DANGER_LEVEL3
DANGER_LEVEL4 DANGER_LEVEL5 PORT_RANGE_SCAN_THRESHOLD ALERT_ALL
EMAIL_LIMIT IPTABLES_BLOCK_METHOD TCPWRAPPERS_BLOCK_METHOD
EMAIL_ALERT_DANGER_LEVEL PSAD_FIFO_FILE WHOIS_LOOKUP_THRESHOLD
DNS_LOOKUP_THRESHOLD WHOIS_TIMEOUT SNORT_RULES_DIR HOSTNAME
PACKET_COUNTER_FILE DSHIELD_COUNTER_FILE SCAN_DATA_ARCHIVE_DIR
ENABLE_PERSISTENCE AUTO_BLOCK_IPT_FILE AUTO_BLOCK_TCPWR_FILE
SIGS_FILE AUTO_DL_FILE AUTO_BLOCK_TIMEOUT EXTERNAL_SCRIPT
ENABLE_EXT_SCRIPT_EXEC EXEC_EXT_SCRIPT_PER_ALERT
ENABLE_DSHIELD_ALERTS SYSLOG_DAEMON DSHIELD_ALERT_INTERVAL
DSHIELD_ALERT_EMAIL DSHIELD_USER_ID DSHIELD_USER_EMAIL
DSHIELD_DL_THRESHOLD DISK_CHECK_INTERVAL DISK_MAX_PERCENTAGE
DISK_MAX_RM_RETRIES ETC_HOSTS_DENY_FILE ETC_SYSLOG_CONF
ETC_SYSLOGNG_CONF MIN_ARCHIVE_DANGER_LEVEL ANALYSIS_MODE_DIR
IMPORT_OLD_SCANS ICMP_TYPES_FILE SHOW_ALL_SIGNATURES
IPT_PREFIX_COUNTER_FILE IGNORE_PORTS ENABLE_SCAN_ARCHIVE
EMAIL_LIMIT_STATUS_MSG P0F_FILE IGNORE_PROTOCOLS IPT_AUTO_CHAIN1
AUTO_IPT_SOCK IGNORE_INTERFACES ALERTING_METHODS
ULOG_DATA_FILE MAIL_ALERT_PREFIX MAIL_STATUS_PREFIX
MAIL_ERROR_PREFIX MAIL_FATAL_PREFIX ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_EMAILS
FLUSH_IPT_AT_INIT ENABLE_MAC_ADDR_REPORTING TRUNCATE_FWDATA
PSAD_DIR PSAD_RUN_DIR PSAD_FIFO_DIR ENABLE_FW_LOGGING_CHECK
ENABLE_RENEW_BLOCK_EMAILS DSHIELD_EMAIL_FILE AUTO_BLOCK_REGEX
ENABLE_AUTO_IDS_REGEX IPTABLES_PREREQ_CHECK SNORT_RULE_DL_FILE
IPT_OUTPUT_PATTERN IPT_ERROR_PATTERN PROC_FORWARD_FILE PSAD_CONF_DIR
EXTERNAL_NET HTTP_SERVERS SMTP_SERVERS DNS_SERVERS SQL_SERVERS
TELNET_SERVERS AIM_SERVERS HTTP_PORTS SHELLCODE_PORTS
ORACLE_PORTS ENABLE_INTF_LOCAL_NETS ENABLE_SNORT_SIG_STRICT
IP_OPTS_FILE SIG_UPDATE_URL CONF_ARCHIVE_DIR TOP_SIGS_FILE
TOP_PORTS_LOG_THRESHOLD TOP_SIGS_LOG_THRESHOLD
TOP_SCANNED_PORTS_FILE STATUS_OUTPUT_FILE TOP_ATTACKERS_FILE
STATUS_PORTS_THRESHOLD STATUS_SIGS_THRESHOLD STATUS_IP_THRESHOLD
ANALYSIS_OUTPUT_FILE TOP_IP_LOG_THRESHOLD PSAD_LIBS_DIR
PSAD_PID_FILE PSAD_CMDLINE_FILE PSAD_ERR_DIR MIN_DANGER_LEVEL
IGNORE_KERNEL_TIMESTAMP ENABLE_SIG_MSG_SYSLOG
SIG_MSG_SYSLOG_THRESHOLD SIG_SID_SYSLOG_THRESHOLD
PSADWATCHD_CHECK_INTERVAL PSADWATCHD_MAX_RETRIES SYSLOG_IDENTITY
SYSLOG_FACILITY SYSLOG_PRIORITY ENABLE_EMAIL_LIMIT_PER_DST
ENABLE_SYSLOG_FILE IPT_SYSLOG_FILE IPT_WRITE_FWDATA
ETC_RSYSLOG_CONF IFCFGTYPE ENABLE_WHOIS_FORCE_ASCII
ENABLE_WHOIS_FORCE_SRC_IP ENABLE_IPV6_DETECTION
PERSISTENCE_CTR_THRESHOLD MAX_SCAN_IP_PAIRS INSTALL_ROOT
ICMP6_TYPES_FILE PROTOCOL_SCAN_THRESHOLD PROTOCOLS_FILE
AUTO_BLOCK_DL1_TIMEOUT AUTO_BLOCK_DL2_TIMEOUT
AUTO_BLOCK_DL3_TIMEOUT AUTO_BLOCK_DL4_TIMEOUT
AUTO_BLOCK_DL5_TIMEOUT EMAIL_THROTTLE EXPECT_TCP_OPTIONS
ENABLE_PSADWATCHD ENABLE_EXT_BLOCK_SCRIPT_EXEC EXTERNAL_BLOCK_SCRIPT
ENABLE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD FW_MSG_READ_CMD FW_MSG_READ_CMD_ARGS
USE_FW_MSG_READ_CMD_ARGS CUSTOM_SYSLOG_TS_RE
ENABLE_CUSTOM_SYSLOG_TS_RE FW_MSG_READ_MIN_PKTS ENABLE_DNS_LOOKUPS
ENABLE_WHOIS_LOOKUPS PSAD_FW_READ_PID_FILE
));
&defined_vars(\@required_vars);
return;
}
sub usage() {
my $exitcode = shift;
print <<_HELP_;
psad: the Port Scan Attack Detector
[+] Version: $version
By Michael Rash (mbr\@cipherdyne.org)
URL: http://www.cipherdyne.org/psad/
Usage: psad [options]
Options:
-A, --Analyze-msgs - Analyze iptables logfile and exit.
--stdin - In --Analyze-msgs mode, acquire iptables
log data from STDIN.
-e, --email-analysis - Send emails for scans detected in
offline analysis mode.
-m, --messages-file <file> - Specify the path to the iptables logfile
(for --Analyze-msgs mode).
-i, --interface <intf> - Restrict detection to IN interface (for
INPUT and FORWARD chains) or OUT
interface (for OUPUT chain).
--sig-update - Download the latest set of psad
signatures from:
http://www.cipherdyne.org/
-w, --whois-analysis - Enable whois lookups when running in
offline --Analyze-msgs mode.
--dns-analysis - Enable reverse DNS lookups in
--Analyze-msgs mode.
--fw-analyze - Analyze the local iptables ruleset and
exit.
--fw-list-auto - List the contents of any iptables chains
(for auto-blocking rules).
--List - Synonym for --fw-list-auto (emulates
iptables command line).
--fw-block-ip <ip> - Add an IP/network to the auto-blocking
chains.
--fw-rm-block-ip <ip> - Remove an IP/network from the auto-
blocking chains.
--fw-file <rules file> - Analyze the iptables ruleset contained
within <rules file> instead of a running
policy.
--fw-del-chains - Delete iptables chains used by psad for
auto-blocking rules.
-X - Synonym for --fw-del-chains (emulates
iptables command line).
--fw-dump - Dump a sanitized version of the local
iptables policy.
--fw-include-ips - Include all IPs/nets in iptables dump
(--fw-dump) output.
--snort-rdir <rule dir> - Path to snort rules directory.
--debug, - Run psad in debugging mode.
--debug-sid <sid> - Debug a specific Snort rule.
-D, --Dump-conf - Dump psad configuration on STDOUT and
exit.
-l, --log-server - psad is being run on a syslog logging
server.
-F, --Flush - Remove any auto-generated firewall
block rules (emulates iptables command
line).
-K, --Kill - Kill all running psad processes.
-R, --Restart - Restart all running psad processes.
-S, --Status - Displays the status of any currently
running psad processes.
--restrict-ip <IP or net> - Only process packets that have this IP
or network as the src or dst.
--status-ip <IP address> - View status for a specific IP.
--status-dl <dl> - Display status information for only
those scans that have reach at least
<dl> (from 1 to 5).
--status-summary - Only display summary status output in
--Status and --Analyze modes.
-B, --Benchmark - Run psad in benchmark mode.
--packets <number> - Specify number of packets to use in
--Analyze (default is unlimited) or
--Benchmark (default is 10,000) modes.
-U, --USR1 - Send a running psad process a USR1
signal (generates a dump of psad
data structures on STDOUT).
-H, --HUP - Send all psad daemons a HUP signal to
have them re-import configs.
--get-next-rule-id - Display the next available rule ID and
exit.
--gnuplot - Parse iptables log data and produce a
file suitable for plotting with Gnuplot.
--gnuplot-graph-style - Set the Gnuplot graph style (e.g.
"dots", "lines", "linespoints", etc.).
--gnuplot-file-prefix - Use a prefix for the .gnu, .dat, and
.png files that are generated in Gnuplot
mode.
--gnuplot-interactive - Do not add the terminal directive to the
Gnuplot .gnu file, so when Gnuplot loads
the file it will graph the data in an
interactive window.
--gnuplot-title - Set the Gnuplot graph title.
--gnuplot-legend-title - Set the Gnuplot legend title.
--gnuplot-x-label - Set the x-axis label.
--gnuplot-x-range - Set the x-axis range.
--gnuplot-y-label - Set the y-axis label.
--gnuplot-y-range - Set the y-axis range.
--gnuplot-z-label - Set the z-axis label.
--gnuplot-z-range - Set the z-axis range.
--gnuplot-sort-style - Set the psad sorting style to either
"time" or "value" (defaults to "value").
--gnuplot-3D - Create three-dimensional Gnuplot graph.
--gnuplot-view - Set the viewing angle.
--gnuplot-grayscale - Only use grayscale colors.
--gnuplot-template <file> - Use a template file for all Gnuplot
directives.
--gnuplot-dat-file - Specify path to .dat output file.
--gnuplot-plot-file - Specify path to .gnu output file.
--gnuplot-png-file - Specify path to .png output file.
--CSV - Parse iptables log messages and dump
fields to stdout in csv format.
--CSV-fields <fields> - Restrict --CSV output to a list of
specfic fields.
--CSV-unique-lines - Only print unique lines in CSV output.
--CSV-max-lines <num> - Specify the maximum number of CSV output
lines to print.
--CSV-start-line <line> - Starting line within iptables log file.
--CSV-end-line <line> - Ending line within iptables log file.
--CSV-regex <regex> - Require iptables log messages to match
an additional regex in --CSV mode.
--CSV-neg-regex <regex> - Require iptables log messages to
not match an additional regex in --CSV
mode.
--plot-separator <str> - Specify a separator string between plot
fields (in --gnuplot or --CSV plot
modes (the default is a comma for CSV
formatted output).
--signatures <sigs file> - Manually specify the path to the psad
signatures file.
--snort-type - Restrict psad to look for specific Snort
sids such as those in ddos.rules or
backdoor.rules.
--passive-os-sigs <sigs file> - Manually specify the path to the passive
os fingerprinting sigs.
--auto-dl <dl file> - Import auto-danger level file for
automatic IP danger level increases or
decreses.
--analysis-write-data - Write data to filesystem from -A mode
(the disk IO involved in this step can
take a long time).
-c, --config <config file> - Use <config file> instead of the normal
config file located at
$config_file.
-O, --Override-config <str> - Allow config variables from the normal
$config_file to be superseded with values
from the specified file(s).
-I, --Interval <seconds> - Configure the check interval from the
command line to override the 5 second
default.
-v, --verbose - Run in verbose mode.
-V, --Version - Print the psad version and exit.
--no-snort-sids - Disable examination for snort sids
(such as those generated by fwsnort) in
iptables log messages.
--no-signatures - Disable psad signature processing
(independent of snort sid matching).
--no-icmp-types - Disable icmp type/code validation.
--no-auto-dl - Disable auto danger level assignment.
--no-daemon - Do not run as a daemon.
--no-ipt-errors - Do not write errors to the error log.
--no-whois - Disable whois lookups.
--no-fwcheck - Disable firewall rules verification.
--no-rdns - Disable name resolution against scanning
IP addresses.
--no-kmsgsd - Disable startup of kmsgsd (useful for
debugging with an existing file of
iptables log messages).
--no-netstat - Disable local port lookups for scan
signatures.
-h --help - Display usage on STDOUT and exit.
_HELP_
exit $exitcode;
}
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