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/*
PsychToolbox3/Source/Common/Screen/PsychGraphicsHardwareHALSupport.c
AUTHORS:
mario.kleiner.de@gmail.com mk
PLATFORMS:
All. However with dependencies on OS specific glue-layers which are mostly Linux/OSX for now...
HISTORY:
01/12/2008 mk Created.
DESCRIPTION:
This file is a container for miscellaneous routines that take advantage of specific low level
features of graphics/related hardware and the target operating system to achieve special tasks.
Most of the routines here are more tied to specific displays (screens) than to windows and usually
only a subset of these routines is available for a specific system configuration with a specific
model of graphics card. Other layers of PTB should not rely on these routines being supported on
a given system config and should be prepared to have fallback-implementations.
Many of the features are experimental in nature!
TO DO:
*/
#include "PsychGraphicsHardwareHALSupport.h"
// Include specifications of the GPU registers:
#include "PsychGraphicsCardRegisterSpecs.h"
// Array with register offsets of the CRTCs used by AMD/ATI gpus.
// Initialized by OS specific screen glue, accessed from different locations:
unsigned int crtcoff[kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs];
// Maps screenid's to Graphics hardware pipelines: Used to choose pipeline for beampos-queries and similar
// GPU crtc specific stuff. Each screen can have up to kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs assigned. Slot 0 contains the
// primary crtc, used for beamposition timestamping, framerate queries etc. A -1 value in a slot terminates
// the sequence of assigned crtc's.
static int displayScreensToCrtcIds[kPsychMaxPossibleDisplays][kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs];
static int displayScreensToPipes[kPsychMaxPossibleDisplays][kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs];
static psych_bool displayScreensToCrtcIdsUserOverride = FALSE;
static psych_bool displayScreensToPipesAutoDetected = FALSE;
// Corrective values for beamposition queries to correct for any constant and systematic offsets in
// the scanline positions returned by low-level code:
static int screenBeampositionBias[kPsychMaxPossibleDisplays];
static int screenBeampositionVTotal[kPsychMaxPossibleDisplays];
/* PsychSynchronizeDisplayScreens() -- (Try to) synchronize display refresh cycles of multiple displays
*
* This tries whatever method is available/appropriate/or requested to synchronize the video refresh
* cycles of multiple graphics cards physical display heads -- corresponding to PTB logical Screens.
*
* The method may or may not be supported on a specific OS/gfx-card combo. It will return a PsychError_unimplemented
* if it can't do what core wants.
*
* numScreens = Ptr to the number of display screens to sync. If numScreens>0, all screens with the screenIds stored
* in the integer array 'screenIds' will be synched. If numScreens == 0, PTB will try to sync all
* available screens in the system. On return, the location will contain the count of synced screens.
*
* screenIds = Either a list with 'numScreens' screenIds for the screens to sync, or NULL if numScreens == 0.
*
* residuals = List with 'numScreens' (on return) values indicating the residual sync error wrt. to the first
* screen (the reference). Ideally all items should contain zero for perfect sync on return.
*
* syncMethod = Numeric Id for the sync method to use: 0 = Don't care, whatever is appropriate. 1 = Only hard
* sync, which is fast and reliable if supported. 2 = Soft sync via drift-syncing. More to come...
*
* syncTimeOut = If some non-immediate method is requested/chosen, it should give up after syncTimeOut seconds if
* it doesn't manage to bring the displays in sync in that timeframe.
*
* allowedResidual = How many scanlines offset after sync are acceptable? Will retry until syncTimeOut if criterion not met.
*
*/
PsychError PsychSynchronizeDisplayScreens(int *numScreens, int* screenIds, int* residuals, unsigned int syncMethod, double syncTimeOut, int allowedResidual)
{
// Currently, we only support a hard, immediate sync of all display heads of a single dual-head gfx-card,
// so we ignore most of our arguments. Well, still check them for validity, but then ignore them after
// successfull validation ;-)
if (numScreens == NULL) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "NULL-Ptr passed as numScreens argument!");
if (*numScreens < 0 || *numScreens > PsychGetNumDisplays()) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid number passed as numScreens argument! (Negative or more than available screens)");
if (syncMethod > 2) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid syncMethod argument passed!");
if (syncTimeOut < 0) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid (negative) syncTimeOut argument passed!");
if (allowedResidual < 0) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid (negative) allowedResidual argument passed!");
// System support:
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_WINDOWS
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 1) printf("PTB-WARNING: Synchronization of graphics display heads requested, but this is not supported on MS-Windows.\n");
return(PsychError_unimplemented);
#endif
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
// Dispatch to routine in PsychScreenGlue.c Linux:
return(PsychOSSynchronizeDisplayScreens(numScreens, screenIds, residuals, syncMethod, syncTimeOut, allowedResidual));
#endif
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX
// Dispatch to routine in PsychScreenGlue.c OSX:
return(PsychOSSynchronizeDisplayScreens(numScreens, screenIds, residuals, syncMethod, syncTimeOut, allowedResidual));
#endif
// Often not reached...
return(PsychError_none);
}
/* PsychSetOutputDithering() - Control bit depth control and dithering on digital display output encoder:
*
* This function enables or disables bit depths truncation or dithering of digital display output ports of supported
* graphics hardware. Currently the ATI Radeon X1000/HD2000/HD3000/HD4000/HD5000 and later cards should allow this.
*
* This needs support from the Psychtoolbox kernel level support driver for low-level register reads
* and writes to the GPU registers.
*
*
* 'windowRecord' Is used to find the Id of the screen for which mode should be changed. If set to NULL then...
* 'screenId' ... is used to determine the screenId for the screen. Otherwise 'screenId' is ignored.
* 'ditherEnable' Zero = Disable any dithering. Non-Zero Reenable dithering after it has been disabled by us,
* or if it wasn't disabled beforehand, enable it with a control mode as specified by the numeric
* value of 'ditherEnable'. The value is GPU specific.
*
*/
psych_bool PsychSetOutputDithering(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord, int screenId, unsigned int ditherEnable)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
// Child protection:
if (windowRecord && !PsychIsOnscreenWindow(windowRecord)) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid non-onscreen windowRecord provided!!!");
// Either screenid from windowRecord or as passed in:
if (windowRecord) screenId = windowRecord->screenNumber;
// Do the call:
PsychOSKDSetDitherMode(screenId, ditherEnable);
return(TRUE);
#else
// This cool stuff not supported on the uncool Windows OS:
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 1) printf("PTB-WARNING: GPU dithering control requested, but this is not supported on MS-Windows.\n");
return(FALSE);
#endif
}
/* PsychSetGPUIdentityPassthrough() - Control identity passthrough of framebuffer 8 bpc pixel values to encoders/connectors:
*
* This function enables or disables bit depths truncation or dithering of digital display output ports of supported
* graphics hardware, and optionally loads a identity LUT into the hardware and configures other parts of the GPU's
* color management for untampered passthrough of framebuffer pixels.
* Currently the ATI Radeon X1000/HD2000/HD3000/HD4000/HD5000/HD6000 and later cards should allow this.
*
* This needs support from the Psychtoolbox kernel level support driver for low-level register reads
* and writes to the GPU registers.
*
*
* 'windowRecord' Is used to find the Id of the screen for which mode should be changed. If set to NULL then...
* 'screenId' ... is used to determine the screenId for the screen. Otherwise 'screenId' is ignored.
* 'passthroughEnable' Zero = Disable passthrough: Currently only reenables dithering, otherwise a no-op.
* 1 = Enable passthrough, if possible.
* 'changeDithering' FALSE = Don't touch dither control, TRUE = Control dithering enable/disable if possible.
*
* Returns:
*
* 0xffffffff if feature unsupported by given OS/Driver/GPU combo.
* 0 = On failure to establish passthrough.
* 1 = On partial success: Dithering disabled and identityt LUT loaded, but other GPU color transformation
* features may not be configured optimally for passthrough.
* 2 = On full success, as far as can be determined by software.
*
*/
unsigned int PsychSetGPUIdentityPassthrough(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord, int screenId, psych_bool passthroughEnable, psych_bool changeDithering)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
unsigned int rc, rcret;
int head, iter;
// Init return code to "unsupported":
rcret = 0xffffffff;
// Child protection:
if (windowRecord && !PsychIsOnscreenWindow(windowRecord)) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid non-onscreen windowRecord provided!!!");
// Either screenid from windowRecord or as passed in:
if (windowRecord) screenId = windowRecord->screenNumber;
#ifdef PTB_USE_WAYLAND
// Wayland/colord specific identity setup requested?
if (getenv("PSYCH_USE_COLORD_IDENTITYLUT")) {
// Try to use experimental code for profiling inhibition on Wayland + colord setups.
// Call conventional code below on failure:
if (PsychWaylandProfilingInhibit(screenId, passthroughEnable)) {
return(2);
}
}
#endif
// Check if kernel driver is enabled, otherwise this won't work:
if (!PsychOSIsKernelDriverAvailable(screenId)) {
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup requested, but this is not supported without kernel driver.\n");
return(0xffffffff);
}
// Try to enable or disable dithering on display:
if (changeDithering) PsychSetOutputDithering(windowRecord, screenId, (passthroughEnable) ? 0 : 1);
// We're done if this an actual passthrough disable, as a full disable isn't yet implemented:
if (!passthroughEnable) return(0);
// Start with head undefined:
head = -1;
for (iter = 0; iter < kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs; iter++) {
if (screenId >= 0) {
// Positive screenId: Apply to all crtc's for this screenId:
// Is there an iter'th crtc assigned to this screen?
head = PsychScreenToCrtcId(screenId, iter);
// If end of list of associated crtc's for this screenId reached, then we're done:
if (head < 0) break;
}
else {
// Negative screenId -> Only affect one head defined by screenId:
if (head < 0) {
// Setup single target head in this iteration:
head = -screenId;
}
else {
// Single target head already set up: We're done:
break;
}
}
// Check if remaining GPU is already configured for untampered identity passthrough:
rc = PsychOSKDGetLUTState(screenId, head, (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 4) ? 1 : 0);
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: [screen %i, head %i] 1st LUT query rc = %i.\n", screenId, head, rc);
if (rc == 0xffffffff) {
// Unsupported for this GPU. We're done:
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup on screenid %i, head %i requested, but this is not supported on this GPU.\n", screenId, head);
rcret = 0xffffffff;
continue;
}
// Perfect identity passthrough already configured?
if (rc == 2) {
// Yes. We're successfully done!
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup I completed on screenid %i, head %i. Perfect passthrough should work now.\n", screenId, head);
rcret = 2;
continue;
}
// No. Try to setup GPU for passthrough:
if (!PsychOSKDLoadIdentityLUT(screenId, head)) {
// Failed.
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup requested on screenid %i, head %i, but setup failed.\n", screenId, head);
rcret = 0xffffffff;
continue;
}
// Make sure, GPU's gamma table can settle by waiting 250 msecs:
PsychYieldIntervalSeconds(0.250);
// Setup supposedly successfully finished. Re-Query state:
rc = PsychOSKDGetLUTState(screenId, head, (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 4) ? 1 : 0);
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: [screen %i, head %i] 2nd LUT query rc = %i.\n", screenId, head, rc);
// Perfect identity passthrough now configured?
if (rc == 2) {
// Yes. We're successfully done!
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup II completed on screenid %i, head %i. Perfect passthrough should work now.\n", screenId, head);
rcret = 2;
continue;
}
if (rc == 3) {
// Not quite. We've done what we could. A perfect identity LUT is setup, but the rest of the hw
// isn't in that a great shape. This may or may not be good enough...
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) {
printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup II completed on screenid %i, head %i. Sort of ok passthrough achieved. May or may not work.\n", screenId, head);
printf("PTB-INFO: A perfect identity gamma table is loaded, but the other GPU color transformation settings are still suboptimal.\n");
}
rcret = 1;
continue;
}
// Ok, we failed.
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) {
printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup II completed on screenid %i, head %i. Failed to establish identity passthrough!\n", screenId, head);
printf("PTB-INFO: Could not upload a perfect identity LUT. May still work due to hopefully disabled dithering, who knows?\n");
}
rcret = 0;
}
return(rcret);
#else
// This cool stuff not supported on the uncool Windows OS:
if(PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 4) printf("PTB-INFO: GPU framebuffer passthrough setup requested, but this is not supported on MS-Windows.\n");
return(0xffffffff);
#endif
}
/* PsychEnableNative10BitFramebuffer() - Enable/Disable native >= 10 bpc RGB framebuffer modes.
*
* This function enables or disables the native high bit depth framebuffer readout modes of supported
* graphics hardware. Currently the ATI Radeon X1000, HD2000 and later cards do allow this.
*
* This needs support from the Psychtoolbox kernel level support driver for low-level register reads
* and writes to the GPU registers.
*
* 'windowRecord' Is used to find the Id of the screen for which mode should be changed, as well as enable
* flags to see if a change is required at all, and the OpenGL context for some specific
* fixups. A value of NULL will try to apply the operation to all heads, but may only work
* for *disabling* 10 bpc mode, not for enabling it -- Mostly useful for a master reset to
* system default, e.g., as part of error handling or Screen shutdown handling.
* 'enable' True = Enable high bit depth support, False = Disable high bit depth support, reenable ARGB8888 support.
*
*/
psych_bool PsychEnableNative10BitFramebuffer(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord, psych_bool enable)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
int i, si, ei, headid, headiter, screenId;
unsigned int lutreg, ctlreg, value, status;
int gpuMaintype, gpuMinortype, fNumDisplayHeads;
// Child protection:
if (windowRecord && !PsychIsOnscreenWindow(windowRecord)) PsychErrorExitMsg(PsychError_internal, "Invalid non-onscreen windowRecord provided!!!");
// Either screenid from windowRecord or our special -1 "all Screens" Id:
screenId = (windowRecord) ? windowRecord->screenNumber : -1;
// We only support pre-DCE12 Radeon GPU's, nothing else:
if (!PsychGetGPUSpecs(screenId, &gpuMaintype, &gpuMinortype, NULL, &fNumDisplayHeads) ||
(gpuMaintype != kPsychRadeon) || (gpuMinortype >= 120)) {
return(FALSE);
}
// Define range of screens: Either a single specific one, or all:
si = (screenId!=-1) ? screenId : 0;
ei = (screenId!=-1) ? screenId+1 : PsychGetNumDisplays();
// Loop over all target screens:
for (i = si; i < ei; i++) {
// Iterate over range of all assigned heads for this screenId 'i' and reconfigure them:
for (headiter = 0; headiter < kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs; headiter++) {
// Map screenid to headid for headiter'th head:
headid = PsychScreenToCrtcId(i, headiter);
// We're done as soon as we encounter invalid negative headid.
if (headid < 0) break;
// Select Radeon HW registers for corresponding heads:
if (gpuMinortype < 40) {
// DCE-3 and earlier:
lutreg = (headid == 0) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_LUT_SEL : RADEON_D2GRPH_LUT_SEL;
ctlreg = (headid == 0) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_CONTROL : RADEON_D2GRPH_CONTROL;
}
else {
// DCE-4 and later:
if (headid > fNumDisplayHeads - 1) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Invalid headId %i (greater than max %i) provided for DCE-4+ display engine!\n", headid, fNumDisplayHeads - 1);
return(false);
}
lutreg = EVERGREEN_DC_LUT_10BIT_BYPASS + crtcoff[headid];
ctlreg = EVERGREEN_GRPH_CONTROL + crtcoff[headid];
}
// Enable or Disable?
if (enable) {
// Enable:
// Switch hardware LUT's to bypass mode:
// We set bit 8 to enable "bypass LUT in 2101010 mode", aka bypass in all high bit depth modes:
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, lutreg, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to enable lut bypass framebuffer mode (LUTReg read failed).\n");
return(false);
}
// Set the bypass bit:
value = value | 0x1 << 8;
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, lutreg, value, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to enable lut bypass framebuffer mode (LUTReg write failed).\n");
return(false);
}
// Only reconfigure framebuffer scanout if this is really our true Native10bpc hack:
// This is usually skipped on FireGL/FirePro GPU's as their drivers do it already...
if (windowRecord->specialflags & kPsychNative10bpcFBActive) {
// Switch CRTC to ABGR2101010 or BGR101111 or RGBA16161616 mode:
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, ctlreg, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to set high bit depth framebuffer mode (CTLReg read failed).\n");
return(false);
}
if (windowRecord->depth == 48) {
// Set bit 0 to switch from 32 bpp to 64 bpp framebuffer:
value = value | (1 << 0);
}
else {
// Set 2101010 or 101111 mode bits:
value = value | (((windowRecord->depth == 33) ? 7 : 1) << 8);
}
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, ctlreg, value, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to set high bit depth framebuffer mode (CTLReg write failed).\n");
return(false);
}
// Pipe should be in 10 bpc mode now...
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 2) {
printf("PTB-INFO: System framebuffer switched to %s mode for screen %i [head %i].\n", (windowRecord->depth == 48) ? "RGBA16161616" : (windowRecord->depth == 33) ? "BGR101111" : "ARGB2101010", i, headid);
}
}
} else {
// Disable:
// Only reconfigure framebuffer scanout if this is really our true Native10bpc hack:
// This is usually skipped on FireGL/FirePro GPU's as their drivers do it already...
if (windowRecord->specialflags & kPsychNative10bpcFBActive) {
// Switch CRTC to ABGR8888 readout mode:
// We clear bits 0 and 8:10 to enable that mode:
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, ctlreg, &status);
if (status) {
// This codepath gets always called in PsychCloseWindow(), so we should skip it
// silently if register read fails, as this is expected on MS-Windows and on all
// non-Radeon hardware and if kernel driver isn't loaded:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to set 8 bit framebuffer mode (CTLReg read failed).\n");
return(false);
}
else if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) printf("PTB-DEBUG: In disable high bit depth: Readreg. ctlreg yields %lx\n", value);
// Clear bits 0, 8:10 :
value = value & ~((0x7 << 8) | 0x1);
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, ctlreg, value, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to set 8 bit framebuffer mode (CTLReg write failed).\n");
return(false);
}
else if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) printf("PTB-DEBUG: In disable high bit depth: ctlreg reset\n");
// Wait 500 msecs for GPU to settle:
PsychWaitIntervalSeconds(0.5);
// Pipe should be in 8 bpc mode now...
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 2) printf("PTB-INFO: System framebuffer switched to standard ARGB8888 mode for screen %i [head %i].\n", i, headid);
}
// Switch hardware LUT's to standard mapping mode:
// We clear bit 8 to disable "bypass LUT in 2101010 mode":
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, lutreg, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to disable lut bypass framebuffer mode (LUTReg read failed).\n");
return(false);
}
else if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) printf("PTB-DEBUG: In disable lut bypass: Readreg. lutreg yields %lx\n", value);
// Clear LUT bypass bit:
value = value & ~(0x1 << 8);
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, lutreg, value, &status);
if (status) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Failed to disable lut bypass framebuffer mode (LUTReg write failed).\n");
return(false);
}
else if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) printf("PTB-DEBUG: In disable lut bypass: lutreg reset\n");
}
} // Next display head...
} // Next screenId.
// Done.
return(TRUE);
#else
// This cool stuff not supported on the uncool Windows OS:
return(FALSE);
#endif
}
/* PsychFixupNative10BitFramebufferEnableAfterEndOfSceneMarker()
*
* Undo changes made by the graphics driver to the framebuffer pixel format control register
* as part of an OpenGL/Graphics op that marks "End of Scene", e.g., a glClear() command, that
* would revert the framebuffers opmode to standard 8bpc mode and thereby kill our >= 10 bpc mode
* setting.
*
* This routine *must* be called after each such problematic "End of scene" marker command like
* glClear(). The routine does nothing if 10bpc mode is not enabled/requested for the corresponding
* display head associated with the given onscreen window. It rewrites the control register on
* >= 10 bpc configured windows to basically undo the unwanted change of the gfx-driver *before*
* a vertical retrace cycle starts, ie., before that changes take effect (The register is double-
* buffered and latched to update only at VSYNC time, so we just have to be quick enough).
*
*
* Expected Sequence of operations is:
* 1. Some EOS command like glClear() issued.
* 2. EOS command schedules ctrl register update to "bad" value at next VSYNC.
* 3. This routine gets called, detects need for fixup, glGetError() waits for "2." to finish.
* 4. This routine undos the "bad" value change request by overwriting the latch with our
* "good" value --> Scheduled for next VSYNC. Then it returns...
* 5. At next VSYNC or old "good" value is overwritten/latched with our new old "good" value,
* --> "good value" persists, framebuffer stays in high bpc configuration --> All good.
*
* So far the theory, let's see if this really works in real world...
*
* This is not needed in Carbon+AGL windowed mode, as the driver doesnt' mess with the control
* register there, but that mode has its own share of drawback, e.g., generally reduced performance
* and less robust stimulus onset timing and timestamping... Life's full of tradeoffs...
*/
void PsychFixupNative10BitFramebufferEnableAfterEndOfSceneMarker(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
int headiter, headid, screenId;
unsigned int ctlreg, lutreg, val1, val2;
int gpuMaintype, gpuMinortype, fNumDisplayHeads;
// Fixup needed? Only if 10bpc mode is supposed to be active! Early exit if not:
if (!(windowRecord->specialflags & kPsychNative10bpcFBActive)) return;
// Map windows screen to gfx-headid aka register subset. TODO : We'll need something better,
// more generic, abstracted out for the future, but as a starter this will do:
screenId = windowRecord->screenNumber;
// We only support pre-DCE12 Radeon GPU's, nothing else:
if (!PsychGetGPUSpecs(screenId, &gpuMaintype, &gpuMinortype, NULL, &fNumDisplayHeads) ||
(gpuMaintype != kPsychRadeon) || (gpuMinortype >= 120)) {
return;
}
// This command must be called with the OpenGL context of the given windowRecord active, so
// we can rely on glGetError() waiting for the correct pipeline to settle! Wait via glGetError()
// for the end-of-scene marker to finish completely, so our register write happens after
// the "wrong" register write of that command. glFinish() doesn't work here for unknown
// reasons - probably it waits too long or whatever. Pretty shaky this stuff...
glGetError();
// Ok, now rewrite the double-buffered (latched) register with our "good" value for keeping
// the 10 bpc framebuffer online:
// Iterate over range of all assigned heads for this screenId 'i' and reconfigure them:
for (headiter = 0; headiter < kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs; headiter++) {
// Map screenid to headid for headiter'th head:
headid = PsychScreenToCrtcId(screenId, headiter);
// We're done as soon as we encounter invalid negative headid.
if (headid < 0) break;
// Select Radeon HW registers for corresponding heads:
if (gpuMinortype < 40) {
// DCE-3 and earlier:
lutreg = (headid == 0) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_LUT_SEL : RADEON_D2GRPH_LUT_SEL;
ctlreg = (headid == 0) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_CONTROL : RADEON_D2GRPH_CONTROL;
}
else {
// DCE-4 and later:
if (headid > fNumDisplayHeads - 1) {
printf("PTB-ERROR: Invalid headId %i (greater than max %i) provided for DCE-4+ display engine!\n", headid, fNumDisplayHeads - 1);
return;
}
lutreg = EVERGREEN_DC_LUT_10BIT_BYPASS + crtcoff[headid];
ctlreg = EVERGREEN_GRPH_CONTROL + crtcoff[headid];
}
// Get current state of registers at high debug levels:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 9) {
val1 = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, lutreg, NULL);
val2 = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, ctlreg, NULL);
printf("PTB-DEBUG: PsychFixupNative10BitFramebufferEnableAfterEndOfSceneMarker(): Screen %i, head %i: LUT = %i [%i], GRPHCONT = %i [%i]\n", screenId, headid, val1 & (0x1 << 8), val1, (val2 & (0x7 << 8)) >> 8, val2);
}
// One-liner read-modify-write op, which simply sets bit 8 of the register - the "10 bit LUT bypass" bit:
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, lutreg, (0x1 << 8) | PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, lutreg, NULL), NULL);
if (windowRecord->depth == 48) {
// One-liner read-modify-write op, which simply sets bit 0 of the register - the "Enable 64 bpp mode" bit:
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, ctlreg, (0x1) | PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, ctlreg, NULL), NULL);
}
else {
// One-liner read-modify-write op, which simply sets bit 8 or bit 8:10 of the register - the "Enable 2101010 mode or Enable 101111 mode " bit:
PsychOSKDWriteRegister(screenId, ctlreg, (((windowRecord->depth == 33) ? 7 : 1) << 8) | PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, ctlreg, NULL), NULL);
}
// Debug output, if wanted:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) printf("PTB-DEBUG: PsychFixupNative10BitFramebufferEnableAfterEndOfSceneMarker(): Control bits set on screen %i, head %i.\n", screenId, headid);
}
#endif
// Done.
return;
}
/* PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses() - Get current scanout surface addresses
*
* Tries to get current addresses of primary and secondary scanout buffers and
* the pending status of pending pageflips if any.
*
* primarySurface - Pointer to 64-Bit target for frontBuffers address.
* secondarySurface - Pointer to a potential secondary buffer, e.g., for frame-sequential stereo.
* updatePending - TRUE if a flip has been queued and is still pending. FALSE otherwise or "don't know"
*
* Returns TRUE on success, FALSE if given GPU isn't supported for such queries.
*
*/
psych_bool PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord, psych_uint64* primarySurface, psych_uint64* secondarySurface, psych_bool* updatePending)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
int gpuMaintype, gpuMinortype, fNumDisplayHeads;
unsigned int updateStatus = 0;
unsigned int value = 0;
// If we are called, we know that 'windowRecord' is an onscreen window.
int screenId = windowRecord->screenNumber;
int headid = PsychScreenToCrtcId(screenId, 0);
// Just need to check if GPU low-level access is supported:
if (!PsychOSIsKernelDriverAvailable(screenId)) return(FALSE);
// We only support DCE AMD Radeon/Fire GPU's and Intel IGPs, nothing else:
if (!PsychGetGPUSpecs(screenId, &gpuMaintype, &gpuMinortype, NULL, &fNumDisplayHeads) ||
(gpuMaintype != kPsychRadeon && gpuMaintype != kPsychIntelIGP) ||
(gpuMaintype == kPsychRadeon && (gpuMinortype >= 130 || gpuMinortype < 10))) {
return(FALSE);
}
// Driver is online: Read the registers, but only for primary crtc in a multi-crtc config:
if ((gpuMaintype == kPsychRadeon) && (gpuMinortype < 40)) {
// Pre DCE-4: AVIVO class display hardware:
*primarySurface = (psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, (headid < 1) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_PRIMARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS : RADEON_D2GRPH_PRIMARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS, NULL);
*secondarySurface = (psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, (headid < 1) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_SECONDARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS : RADEON_D2GRPH_SECONDARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS, NULL);
updateStatus = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, (headid < 1) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_UPDATE : RADEON_D2GRPH_UPDATE, NULL);
*updatePending = (updateStatus & RADEON_SURFACE_UPDATE_PENDING) ? TRUE : FALSE;
// Get display engine framebuffer scanout format:
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, (headid == 0) ? RADEON_D1GRPH_CONTROL : RADEON_D2GRPH_CONTROL, NULL);
}
if ((gpuMaintype == kPsychRadeon) && (gpuMinortype >= 40) && (gpuMinortype < 120)) {
// DCE-4 to DCE-11 display hardware:
if (headid < 0 || headid > fNumDisplayHeads - 1) {
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 1) printf("PTB-WARNING: PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses(): Invalid headId %i (greater than max %i) provided for DCE-4+ display engine!\n", headid, fNumDisplayHeads - 1);
return(FALSE);
}
// DCE 4 and later has 64-Bit addresses split in high/low 32-bit regs:
*primarySurface = ((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, EVERGREEN_GRPH_PRIMARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS_HIGH + crtcoff[headid], NULL) << 32) +
((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, EVERGREEN_GRPH_PRIMARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS + crtcoff[headid], NULL));
*secondarySurface = ((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, EVERGREEN_GRPH_SECONDARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS_HIGH + crtcoff[headid], NULL) << 32) +
((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, EVERGREEN_GRPH_SECONDARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS + crtcoff[headid], NULL));
updateStatus = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, EVERGREEN_GRPH_UPDATE + crtcoff[headid], NULL);
*updatePending = (updateStatus & EVERGREEN_GRPH_SURFACE_UPDATE_PENDING) ? TRUE : FALSE;
// Get display engine framebuffer scanout format:
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, EVERGREEN_GRPH_CONTROL + crtcoff[headid], NULL);
}
if ((gpuMaintype == kPsychRadeon) && (gpuMinortype >= 120) && (gpuMinortype < 130)) {
// DCE-12.x display hardware:
if (headid < 0 || headid > fNumDisplayHeads - 1) {
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 1) printf("PTB-WARNING: PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses(): Invalid headId %i (greater than max %i) provided for DCE-12 display engine!\n", headid, fNumDisplayHeads - 1);
return(FALSE);
}
// DCE 12 has 64-Bit addresses split in high/low 32-bit regs:
*primarySurface = ((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, DCE12_GRPH_PRIMARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS_HIGH + crtcoff[headid], NULL) << 32) +
((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, DCE12_GRPH_PRIMARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS + crtcoff[headid], NULL));
*secondarySurface = ((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, DCE12_GRPH_SECONDARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS_HIGH + crtcoff[headid], NULL) << 32) +
((psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, DCE12_GRPH_SECONDARY_SURFACE_ADDRESS + crtcoff[headid], NULL));
updateStatus = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, DCE12_GRPH_UPDATE + crtcoff[headid], NULL);
*updatePending = (updateStatus & EVERGREEN_GRPH_SURFACE_UPDATE_PENDING) ? TRUE : FALSE;
// Get display engine framebuffer scanout format:
value = PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, DCE12_GRPH_CONTROL + crtcoff[headid], NULL);
}
if (gpuMaintype == kPsychIntelIGP) {
// Intel IGP:
// No secondary surface atm., but (ab)use to store the latched next requested surface address for reg doublebuffering:
*secondarySurface = (psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, 0x7019C + (headid * 0x1000), NULL);;
// Get primarySurface address from plane base address live register, ie. the true current value from last completed flip:
*primarySurface = (psych_uint64) PsychOSKDReadRegister(screenId, 0x701AC + (headid * 0x1000), NULL);
// primarySurface encodes current scanout buffer address - live, whereas secondarySurface encodes pre-doublebuffered
// address for a flip. If both are identical then no flip is pending. If they differ then obviously the wanted
// address has not yet been latched into the live register and a pageflip is programmed/pending but not yet
// completed - iow. updatePending:
*updatePending = *primarySurface != *secondarySurface;
updateStatus = -1;
}
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 14) {
double tNow;
PsychGetAdjustedPrecisionTimerSeconds(&tNow);
if (gpuMaintype == kPsychIntelIGP) {
// Intel:
printf("PTB-DEBUG: %6lf : Screen %i: Head %i: currentSurface=%p <-- requestedSurface=%p : updatePending=%i\n",
tNow, screenId, headid, *primarySurface, *secondarySurface, (int) *updatePending);
} else {
// AMD:
printf("PTB-DEBUG: %6lf : Screen %i: Head %i: primarySurface=%p : secondarySurface=%p : updateStatus=%i",
tNow, screenId, headid, *primarySurface, *secondarySurface, updateStatus);
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 15) {
// Decode display engine scanout format aka format of the system fb / needed for page-flipping:
// (cfe. drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/si_enums.h)
printf(" : raw=0x%08x : bppcode=%i : formatcode=%i -> ", value, value & 0x3, (value >> 8) & 0x7);
if ((value & 0x3) == 3) {
// Some 64 bpp - 16 bpc format: 16 bpc fixed point or half-float.
printf("16 bpc fb");
value = 16;
} else {
// Some 32 bpp format (Assume code 2, ignore 16 bpp [1] / 8 bpp [0], because it's not the 90s anymore):
value = (value >> 8) & 0x7;
if (value == 0) {
printf("8 bpc ARGB8888 fb");
value = 8;
} else if (value < 6) {
printf("10 bpc [prob. ARGB2101010] fb");
value = 10;
} else {
printf("~11 bpc [prob. RGB111110/BGR101111] fb");
value = 11;
}
}
// If the OpenGL backbuffer/frontbuffer format is mismatched to the system scanout buffer format,
// then the compositor will likely have to kick in for format conversion in a way that at least
// will screw up stimulus timing/timestamping on primitive OS'es like Apple macOS or Windows,
// whereas on Linux it depends on the compositor implementation. E.g., Waylands Weston should not
// cause timing trouble with the current implementation as tested in 2018.
if (windowRecord->bpc != (int) value)
printf(" ==> Mismatch OpenGL fb %i vs. system fb %i ==> Compositor takeover will be likely!", windowRecord->bpc, value);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
// Success:
return(TRUE);
#else
// Not supported:
return(FALSE);
#endif
}
/* Stores content of GPU's surface address registers of the surfaces that
* correspond to the windowRecords frontBuffers. Only called inside
* PsychExecuteBufferSwapPrefix() immediately before triggering a double-buffer
* swap. The values are used as reference values: If another readout of
* these registers shows values different from the ones stored preflip,
* then that is a certain indicator that bufferswap via pageflip has happened
* or will happen.
*/
void PsychStoreGPUSurfaceAddresses(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord)
{
psych_bool updatePending;
PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses(windowRecord, &(windowRecord->gpu_preflip_Surfaces[0]), &(windowRecord->gpu_preflip_Surfaces[1]), &updatePending);
return;
}
/* PsychIsGPUPageflipUsed() - Is a pageflip used on the GPU for buffer swaps at this moment?
*
* This routine compares preflip scanout addresses, as gathered via a previous PsychStoreGPUSurfaceAddresses()
* call prior to scheduling a swap, with the current addresses and update status. It should only be called
* after we detected bufferswap completion to check if the swap happened via pageflip and therefore our
* completion detection and timestamping is trustworthy, or if the swap happened by some other means like
* compositor or copyswap and therefore our results wrt. completion or timestamping are not trustworthy -
* at least not for conventional timestamping as used on OSX, or Linux without special OS support.
*
* The interesting scenario is if - after detection of swap completion by our conventional standard method
* for use with proprietary graphics drivers - the surface scanout addresses have changed and the flip is
* confirmed finished. In this case we can be somewhat certain that we triggered the pageflip and it completed,
* ie. the results for timestamping are trustworthy. This is indicated by return value 2. If a flip is used
* but still pending (value 1) although our code assumes swap has completed then a pageflip was likely queued
* by the desktop compositor and is still pending -> Timestamping not trustworthy. A value of 0 could indicate
* copyswap or a compositor to which we sent our updated composition source surface and posted damage, but which
* hasn't yet picked up on it or at least hasn't performed the full composition pass + queueing a pageflip.
*
* Ergo: For checking the trustworthiness of swap completion timestamping, the only "good" result is a
* return value of 2, a value of 0 or 1 is considered bad for timing, a value of -1 is non-diagnostic.
*
* As of beginning of March 2015, this routine can only be used with some confidence on Linux for conventional
* timestamping with the proprietary drivers and X11, as we know how X11 compositors work on Linux and what
* to expect. Use with FOSS graphics stack or on Wayland is not needed as we have much better facilities there.
* Additionally the PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses() support code is limited to AMD gpu's, so the only
* interesting/valid use cases are Linux/X11 + proprietary AMD Catalyst driver for some clever handling, and
* OSX + PsychtoolboxKernelDriver + AMD gpu for purely diagnostic use for manual diagnostic, not automatic
* problem solving!
*
* Return values:
* -1 == Unknown / Query unsupported.
* 0 == No.
* 1 == Yes, and the flip has been queued but is still pending, not finished.
* 2 == Yes, and the flip is finished.
*
*/
int PsychIsGPUPageflipUsed(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord)
{
psych_uint64 primarySurface, secondarySurface;
psych_bool updatePending;
if (!PsychGetCurrentGPUSurfaceAddresses(windowRecord, &primarySurface, &secondarySurface, &updatePending)) {
// Query not possible/supported: Return "I don't know" value -1:
return(-1);
}
// Scanout addresses changed since last PsychStoreGPUSurfaceAddresses() call?
// That would mean a pageflip was either queued or already executed, in any
// case, pageflip is used for bufferswap:
if (primarySurface != windowRecord->gpu_preflip_Surfaces[0] || secondarySurface != windowRecord->gpu_preflip_Surfaces[1]) {
// Pageflip in use. Still pending (queued but not completed) or already completed?
if (updatePending) return(1);
return(2);
}
// Nope, scanout hasn't changed: Assume copyswap/blit etc.
return(0);
}
/* PsychWaitForBufferswapPendingOrFinished()
* Waits until a bufferswap for window windowRecord has either already happened or
* bufferswap is certain.
* Input values:
* windowRecord struct of onscreen window to monitor.
* timestamp = Deadline for abortion of flip detection at input.
*
* Return values:
* timestamp = System time at polling loop exit.
* beamposition = Beamposition at polling loop exit.
*
* Return value: FALSE if swap happened already, TRUE if swap is imminent.
*/
psych_bool PsychWaitForBufferswapPendingOrFinished(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord, double* timestamp, int *beamposition)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
int gpuMaintype, gpuMinortype;
CGDirectDisplayID displayID;
double deadline = *timestamp;
// If we are called, we know that 'windowRecord' is an onscreen window.
int screenId = windowRecord->screenNumber;
// Retrieve display id and screen size spec that is needed later...
PsychGetCGDisplayIDFromScreenNumber(&displayID, screenId);
// Just need to check if GPU low-level access is supported:
if (!PsychOSIsKernelDriverAvailable(screenId)) return(FALSE);
// We only support AMD GPU's:
if (!PsychGetGPUSpecs(screenId, &gpuMaintype, &gpuMinortype, NULL, NULL) || (gpuMaintype != kPsychRadeon)) {
return(FALSE);
}
// Driver is online. Enter polling loop:
while (TRUE) {
PsychGetAdjustedPrecisionTimerSeconds(timestamp);
if ((PsychIsGPUPageflipUsed(windowRecord) > 0) || (*timestamp > deadline)) {
// Abort condition: Exit loop.
break;
}
// Sleep slacky at least 200 microseconds, then retry:
PsychYieldIntervalSeconds(0.0002);
};
// Take timestamp and beamposition:
*beamposition = PsychGetDisplayBeamPosition(displayID, screenId);
PsychGetAdjustedPrecisionTimerSeconds(timestamp);
// Exit due to timeout?
if (*timestamp > deadline) {
// Mark timestamp as invalid due to timeout:
*timestamp = -1;
}
// Return FALSE if bufferswap happened already, TRUE if swap is still pending:
return((PsychIsGPUPageflipUsed(windowRecord) == 1) ? TRUE : FALSE);
#else
// On Windows, we always return "swap happened":
return(FALSE);
#endif
}
/* PsychGetNVidiaGPUType()
*
* Decodes hw register of NVidia GPU into GPU core id / chip family:
* Returns 0 for unknown card, otherwise xx for NV_xx:
*
* Reference Linux nouveau-kms driver implementation in:
* drivers/gpu/drm/nouveau/nvkm/engine/device/base.c : nvkm_device_ctor()
*/
unsigned int PsychGetNVidiaGPUType(PsychWindowRecordType* windowRecord)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
psych_uint32 chipset, card_type;
// Get hardware id code from gpu register:
psych_uint32 reg0 = PsychOSKDReadRegister((windowRecord) ? windowRecord->screenNumber : 0, NV03_PMC_BOOT_0, NULL);
// Special case: Register read delivers "hardware powered down" value, because this
// GPU is offline, e.g., in a hybrid-graphics setup. Return a special code to signal
// to caller that it doesn't need to bother anymore with this GPU:
if (reg0 == 0xffffffff) return(0xffffffff);
/* We're dealing with >=NV10 */
if ((reg0 & 0x1f000000) > 0) {
/* Bit 28-20 contain the architecture in hex */
chipset = (reg0 & 0x1ff00000) >> 20;
/* NV04 or NV05 */
} else if ((reg0 & 0xff00fff0) == 0x20004000) {
if (reg0 & 0x00f00000)
chipset = 0x05;
else
chipset = 0x04;
} else
chipset = 0xff;
switch (chipset & 0x1f0) {
case 0x000:
// NV_04/05: RivaTNT , RivaTNT2
card_type = 0x04;
break;
case 0x010:
case 0x020:
case 0x030:
// NV30 or earlier: GeForce-5 / GeForceFX and earlier:
card_type = chipset & 0xf0;
break;
case 0x040:
case 0x060:
// NV40: GeForce6/7 series:
card_type = 0x040;
break;
case 0x050:
case 0x080:
case 0x090:
case 0x0a0:
// NV50: GeForce8/9/G100-G300.
card_type = 0x050;
break;
case 0x0c0:
// Fermi: GeForce G400/500 series:
card_type = 0x0c0;
break;
case 0x0d0:
// Fermi: But with 3rd gen scanout engine, but still only 2 CRTC's:
card_type = 0x0d0;
break;
case 0x0e0:
case 0x0f0:
case 0x100:
// Kepler: GeForce G600+ series: 3rd gen scanout engine, but now up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x0e0;
break;
case 0x110:
case 0x120:
// Maxwell: GeForce 750+ series: 3rd gen scanout engine, up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x110;
break;
case 0x130:
// Pascal: GeForce 1000+ series: 3rd gen scanout engine, up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x130;
break;
case 0x140:
// Volta: NVidia Titan-V and Quadro GV100: 4th gen scanout engine. Assuming up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x140;
break;
case 0x160:
// Turing: GeForce 1650+ series, GeForce RTX 2060, 2070, 2080 (Ti), Titan RTX: 4th gen scanout engine. Assuming up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x160;
break;
case 0x170:
// Ampere: GeForce MX570, GeForce RTX 2050 (mobile), GeForce RTX3000 series: 4th gen scanout engine. Assuming up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x170;
break;
case 0x180:
case 0x190:
// Ada Lovelace/Hopper: GeForce RTX4000 series: Probably 4th gen scanout engine. Assuming up to 4 CRTC's.
card_type = 0x180;
break;
default:
printf("PTB-DEBUG: Unknown NVidia chipset 0x%08x - Assuming latest generation.\n", reg0);
card_type = 0x000;
}
return(card_type);
#else
return(0);
#endif
}
/* PsychScreenToHead() - Map PTB screenId to GPU output headId (aka pipeId):
*
* See explanations for PsychScreenToCrtcId() to understand what this is good for!
*
* screenId = PTB screen index.
* rankId = Select which head in a multi-head config. rankId 0 == Primary output.
* A return value of -1 for a given rankId means that no such output is assigned,
* it terminates the array.
*/
int PsychScreenToHead(int screenId, int rankId)
{
return(displayScreensToPipes[screenId][rankId]);
}
/* PsychSetScreenToHead() - Change mapping of a PTB screenId to GPU headId: */
void PsychSetScreenToHead(int screenId, int headId, int rankId)
{
// Assign new mapping:
displayScreensToPipes[screenId][rankId] = headId;
}
/* PsychScreenToCrtcId()
*
* Map PTB screenId and output head id to the index of the associated low-level
* crtc scanout engine of the GPU: rankId selects which output head (0 = primary).
*
* PsychScreenToHead() returns the os-specific identifier of a specific
* display output head, e.g., a display connector. On Windows and OS/X this is currently
* simply a running number: 0 for the first display output, 1 for the second etc. On
* Linux/X11 this is the X11 RandR extension protocol XID of the crtc associated
* with a given display output, which allows to use the RandR extension to address
* specific crtc's and do things like query and set video mode of a crtc (resolution,
* video refresh rate), viewport of a crtc, rotation, mirroring state and other
* geometric transforms, backlight and dithering settings etc. A XID of zero, which means
* "invalid/not assigned" gets mapped to -1 for compatibility reasons in PTB.
*
* PsychScreenToCrtcId() returns the operating system independent, but gpu-specific index
* of the low-level crtc display scanout engine associated with a display output. The
* naming convention here is purely Psychtoolbox specific, as this index is used for
* low-level direct access to GPU MMIO control registers via PTB's own magic. Values
* are -1 for "not assigned/invalid" and then 0, 1, 2, ... for scanout engine zero, one,
* two, ... These numbers are mapped in a gpu specific way to the addresses and offsets
* of low-level control registers of the GPU hardware.
*
* Unfortunately, operating systems don't provide any well defined means to find out the
* mapping between PsychScreenToHead() "high-level" output id's and PsychScreenToCrtcId()
* low-level crtc id's, so the mapping gets determined at Screen() startup time via some more
* or less clever heuristics which should do the right thing(tm) for common display and gpu
* setups, but may fail on exotic configs. To cope with those, manual overrides are provided to
* usercode, so the user can hopefully figure out correct mappings via trial and error.
*/
int PsychScreenToCrtcId(int screenId, int rankId)
{
return(displayScreensToCrtcIds[screenId][rankId]);
}
void PsychSetScreenToCrtcId(int screenId, int crtcId, int rankId)
{
// Assign new mapping:
displayScreensToCrtcIds[screenId][rankId] = crtcId;
// Mark mappings as user-defined instead of auto-detected/default-setup:
displayScreensToCrtcIdsUserOverride = TRUE;
}
void PsychResetCrtcIdUserOverride(void)
{
displayScreensToCrtcIdsUserOverride = FALSE;
}
/* PsychInitScreenToHeadMappings() - Setup initial mapping for 'numDisplays' displays:
*
* Called from end of InitCGDisplayIDList() during os-specific display initialization.
*
* 1. Starts with an identity mapping screen 0 -> (head 0 / crtcid 0), screen 1 -> (head 1 / crtcid 1) ...
*
* 2. Allows override of low-level crtc id mapping of the first output of a screen via
* environment variable "PSYCHTOOLBOX_PIPEMAPPINGS".
*
* Format is: One character (a number between "0" and "9") for each screenid,
* e.g., "021" would map screenid 0 to crtcid 0, screenid 1 to crtcid 2 and screenid 2 to crtcid 1.
*
* 3. This mapping can be overriden via Screen('Preference', 'ScreenToHead') setting.
*
*/
void PsychInitScreenToHeadMappings(int numDisplays)
{
int i, j;
char* ptbpipelines = NULL;
(void) numDisplays;
displayScreensToPipesAutoDetected = FALSE;
// Setup default identity one-to-one mapping:
for(i = 0; i < kPsychMaxPossibleDisplays; i++) {
displayScreensToPipes[i][0] = i;
displayScreensToCrtcIds[i][0] = i;
for (j = 1; j < kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs; j++) {
displayScreensToPipes[i][j] = -1;
displayScreensToCrtcIds[i][j] = -1;
}
// We also setup beamposition bias values to "neutral defaults":
screenBeampositionBias[i] = 0;
screenBeampositionVTotal[i] = 0;
}
// Did user provide an override for the screenid --> pipeline mapping?
ptbpipelines = getenv("PSYCHTOOLBOX_PIPEMAPPINGS");
if (ptbpipelines) {
// The default is "012...", ie screen 0 = pipe 0, 1 = pipe 1, 2 =pipe 2, n = pipe n
for (i = 0; (i < (int) strlen(ptbpipelines)) && (i < kPsychMaxPossibleDisplays); i++) {
PsychSetScreenToCrtcId(i, (((ptbpipelines[i] - 0x30) >=0) && ((ptbpipelines[i] - 0x30) < 10)) ? (ptbpipelines[i] - 0x30) : -1, 0);
}
}
}
// Try to auto-detect screen to head mappings if possible and not yet overriden by usercode:
void PsychAutoDetectScreenToHeadMappings(int maxHeads)
{
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX || PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_LINUX
int gpuMaintype, gpuMinortype;
float nullTable[256];
int screenId, outputId, headId, numEntries;
float *redTable, *greenTable, *blueTable;
// If user / usercode has provided manual mapping, i.e., overriden the
// default identity mapping, then we don't do anything, but accept the
// users choice instead. Also skip this if it has been successfully executed
// already:
if (displayScreensToCrtcIdsUserOverride || displayScreensToPipesAutoDetected) return;
// nullTable is our all-zero gamma table:
memset(&nullTable[0], 0, sizeof(nullTable));
// Ok, iterate over all logical screens and try to update
// their mapping:
for (screenId = 0; screenId < PsychGetNumDisplays(); screenId++) {
// Kernel driver for this screenId enabled? Otherwise we skip it:
if (!PsychOSIsKernelDriverAvailable(screenId)) continue;
// We only support AMD/ATI gpus at the moment, nothing else:
if (!PsychGetGPUSpecs(screenId, &gpuMaintype, &gpuMinortype, NULL, NULL) ||
(gpuMaintype != kPsychRadeon) || (gpuMinortype >= 0xffff)) {
continue;
}
// Older kernel drivers do not support PsychOSKDGetLUTState() on modern AMD gpu + macOS combos, so bail early:
if ((PSYCH_SYSTEM == PSYCH_OSX) && (PsychOSKDGetLUTState(screenId, 0, 0) == 0xffffffff)) {
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3)
printf("PTB-INFO: Autodetection of screen->head mapping unsupported for this gpu + kernel driver combo.\n");
break;
}
// Yes. Perform detection sequence:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf("PTB-INFO: Trying to detect screenId to display head mapping for screenid %i ...\n", screenId);
// Iterate over all outputs for this screen:
for (outputId = 0; outputId < kPsychMaxPossibleCrtcs; outputId++) {
// Abort iteration if last output reached:
if (PsychScreenToHead(screenId, outputId) < 0)
break;
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf(" ... probing for video output %i ...\n", outputId);
// Retrieve current gamma table. Need to back it up internally:
PsychReadNormalizedGammaTable(screenId, outputId, &numEntries, &redTable, &greenTable, &blueTable);
// Now load an all-zero gamma table for that screen:
PsychLoadNormalizedGammaTable(screenId, outputId, 256, nullTable, nullTable, nullTable);
// Wait for 100 msecs, so the gamma table has actually settled (e.g., if its update was
// delayed until next vblank on a >= 20 Hz display):
PsychYieldIntervalSeconds(0.100);
// Check all display heads to find the null table:
for (headId = 0; headId < maxHeads; headId++) {
if (PsychOSKDGetLUTState(screenId, headId, (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 4) ? 1 : 0) == 1) {
// Got it. Store mapping:
displayScreensToCrtcIds[screenId][outputId] = headId;
// Done with searching:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf(" found GPU hardware headId %i for output %i.\n", headId, outputId);
break;
}
}
if ((headId == maxHeads) && (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3))
printf(" detection failed for output %i. Sticking with heuristics result.\n", outputId);
// Now restore original gamma table for that screen:
PsychLoadNormalizedGammaTable(screenId, outputId, numEntries, redTable, greenTable, blueTable);
// Wait for 100 msecs, so the gamma table has actually settled (e.g., if its update was
// delayed until next vblank on a >= 20 Hz display):
PsychYieldIntervalSeconds(0.100);
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3) printf(" Done.\n");
// Next output for this screen.
}
// Next screen.
}
// Done.
displayScreensToPipesAutoDetected = TRUE;
#endif
return;
}
/* PsychGetBeamposCorrection() -- Get corrective beamposition values.
* Some GPU's and drivers don't return the true vertical scanout position on
* query, but a value that is offset by a constant value (for a give display mode).
* This function returns corrective values to apply to the GPU returned values
* to get the "true scanoutposition" for timestamping etc.
*
* Proper values are setup via PsychSetBeamposCorrection() from high-level startup code
* if needed. Otherwise they are set to (0,0), so the correction is an effective no-op.
*
* truebeampos = measuredbeampos - *vblbias;
* if (truebeampos < 0) truebeampos = *vbltotal + truebeampos;
*
*/
void PsychGetBeamposCorrection(int screenId, int *vblbias, int *vbltotal)
{
*vblbias = screenBeampositionBias[screenId];
*vbltotal = screenBeampositionVTotal[screenId];
}
/* PsychSetBeamposCorrection() -- Set corrective beamposition values.
* Called from high-level setup/calibration code at onscreen window open time.
*/
void PsychSetBeamposCorrection(int screenId, int vblbias, int vbltotal)
{
int gpuMaintype;
int crtcid = PsychScreenToCrtcId(screenId, 0);
// Auto-Detection of correct values requested?
if (((unsigned int) vblbias == 0xffffffff) && ((unsigned int) vbltotal == 0xffffffff)) {
// First set'em to neutral safe values in case we fail our auto-detect:
vblbias = 0;
vbltotal = 0;
// Get model of display gpu, which provides beamposition:
gpuMaintype = kPsychUnknown;
PsychGetGPUSpecs(screenId, &gpuMaintype, NULL, NULL, NULL);
// Can do this on NVidia GPU's >= NV-50 if low-level access (PTB kernel driver or equivalent) is enabled:
if ((gpuMaintype == kPsychGeForce) && PsychOSIsKernelDriverAvailable(screenId)) {
// Need to read different regs, depending on GPU generation:
if ((PsychGetNVidiaGPUType(NULL) >= 0x140) || (PsychGetNVidiaGPUType(NULL) == 0x0)) {
// Auto-Detection. Read values directly from NV-140 / NV-160 aka "Volta" / "Turing" class and later hardware:
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM != PSYCH_WINDOWS
// VBLANKE end line of vertical blank - smaller than VBLANKS. Subtract VBLANKE + 1 to normalize to "scanline zero is start of active scanout":
vblbias = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x68206c + 0x8000 + (crtcid * 0x400), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF) + 1;
// DISPLAY_TOTAL: Encodes VTOTAL in high-word, HTOTAL in low-word. Get the VTOTAL in high word:
vbltotal = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x682064 + 0x8000 + (crtcid * 0x400), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
// Decode VBL_START and VBL_END and VACTIVE for debug purposes:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) {
unsigned int vbl_start, vbl_end;
vbl_start = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x682070 + 0x8000 + (crtcid * 0x400), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
vbl_end = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x68206c + 0x8000 + (crtcid * 0x400), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
printf("PTB-DEBUG: Screen %i [head %i]: vbl_start = %i vbl_end = %i.\n", screenId, crtcid, (int) vbl_start, (int) vbl_end);
}
#endif
}
else if (PsychGetNVidiaGPUType(NULL) >= 0x0d0) {
// Auto-Detection. Read values directly from NV-D0 / E0-"Kepler" class and later hardware:
//
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM != PSYCH_WINDOWS
// VBLANKE end line of vertical blank - smaller than VBLANKS. Subtract VBLANKE + 1 to normalize to "scanline zero is start of active scanout":
vblbias = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x64041c + (crtcid * 0x300), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF) + 1;
// DISPLAY_TOTAL: Encodes VTOTAL in high-word, HTOTAL in low-word. Get the VTOTAL in high word:
vbltotal = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x640414 + (crtcid * 0x300), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
// Decode VBL_START and VBL_END and VACTIVE for debug purposes:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) {
unsigned int vbl_start, vbl_end;
vbl_start = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x640420 + (crtcid * 0x300), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
vbl_end = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x64041c + (crtcid * 0x300), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
printf("PTB-DEBUG: Screen %i [head %i]: vbl_start = %i vbl_end = %i.\n", screenId, crtcid, (int) vbl_start, (int) vbl_end);
}
#endif
}
else if (PsychGetNVidiaGPUType(NULL) >= 0x50) {
// Auto-Detection. Read values directly from NV-50 class and later hardware:
//
// SYNC_START_TO_BLANK_END 16 bit high-word in CRTC_VAL block of NV50_PDISPLAY on NV-50 encodes
// length of interval from vsync start line to vblank end line. This is the corrective offset we
// need to subtract from read out scanline position to get true scanline position.
// Hardware registers "scanline position" measures positive distance from vsync start line (== "scanline 0").
// The low-word likely encodes hsyncstart to hblank end length in pixels, but we're not interested in that,
// so we shift and mask it out:
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM != PSYCH_WINDOWS
vblbias = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x610000 + 0xa00 + 0xe8 + (crtcid * 0x540), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
// DISPLAY_TOTAL: Encodes VTOTAL in high-word, HTOTAL in low-word. Get the VTOTAL in high word:
vbltotal = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x610000 + 0xa00 + 0xf8 + (crtcid * 0x540), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
// Decode VBL_START and VBL_END and VACTIVE for debug purposes:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) {
unsigned int vbl_start, vbl_end, vactive;
vbl_start = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x610af4 + (crtcid * 0x540), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
vbl_end = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x610aec + (crtcid * 0x540), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
vactive = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x610afc + (crtcid * 0x540), NULL) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
printf("PTB-DEBUG: Screen %i [head %i]: vbl_start = %i vbl_end = %i vactive = %i.\n", screenId, crtcid, (int) vbl_start, (int) vbl_end, (int) vactive);
}
#endif
} else {
// Auto-Detection. Read values directly from pre-NV-50 class hardware:
// We only get VTOTAL and assume a bias value of zero, which seems to be
// the case according to measurements on NV-40 and NV-30 gpu's:
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM != PSYCH_WINDOWS
vblbias = 0;
// FP_TOTAL 0x804 relative to PRAMDAC base 0x680000 with stride 0x2000: Encodes VTOTAL in low-word:
vbltotal = (int) ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x680000 + 0x804 + ((crtcid > 0) ? 0x2000 : 0), NULL)) & 0xFFFF) + 1;
#endif
}
}
if ((gpuMaintype == kPsychIntelIGP) && PsychOSIsKernelDriverAvailable(screenId)) {
#if PSYCH_SYSTEM != PSYCH_WINDOWS
vblbias = 0;
// VTOTAL at 0x6000C with stride 0x1000: Encodes VTOTAL in upper 16 bit word masked with 0x1fff :
vbltotal = (int) 1 + ((PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x6000c + (crtcid * 0x1000), NULL) >> 16) & 0x1FFF);
// Decode VBL_START and VBL_END for debug purposes:
if (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 5) {
unsigned int vbl_start, vbl_end, vbl;
vbl = PsychOSKDReadRegister(crtcid, 0x60010 + (crtcid * 0x1000), NULL);
vbl_start = vbl & 0x1fff;
vbl_end = (vbl >> 16) & 0x1FFF;
printf("PTB-DEBUG: Screen %i [head %i]: vbl_start = %i vbl_end = %i.\n", screenId, crtcid, (int) vbl_start, (int) vbl_end);
}
#endif
}
}
// Feedback is good:
if (((vblbias != 0) || (vbltotal != 0)) && (PsychPrefStateGet_Verbosity() > 3)) {
printf("PTB-INFO: Screen %i [head %i]: Applying beamposition corrective offsets: vblbias = %i, vbltotal = %i.\n", screenId, crtcid, vblbias, vbltotal);
}
// Assign:
screenBeampositionBias[screenId] = vblbias;
screenBeampositionVTotal[screenId] = vbltotal;
}
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