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"""
Client related classes (Proxy, mostly)
Pyro - Python Remote Objects. Copyright by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net).
"""
import sys
import time
import logging
import serpent
import contextlib
from . import config, core, serializers, protocol, errors, socketutil
from .callcontext import current_context
try:
from greenlet import getcurrent as get_ident
except ImportError:
from threading import get_ident
log = logging.getLogger("Pyro5.client")
__all__ = ["Proxy", "BatchProxy", "SerializedBlob"]
class Proxy(object):
"""
Pyro proxy for a remote object. Intercepts method calls and dispatches them to the remote object.
.. automethod:: _pyroBind
.. automethod:: _pyroRelease
.. automethod:: _pyroReconnect
.. automethod:: _pyroValidateHandshake
.. autoattribute:: _pyroTimeout
.. attribute:: _pyroMaxRetries
Number of retries to perform on communication calls by this proxy, allows you to override the default setting.
.. attribute:: _pyroSerializer
Name of the serializer to use by this proxy, allows you to override the default setting.
.. attribute:: _pyroHandshake
The data object that should be sent in the initial connection handshake message. Can be any serializable object.
.. attribute:: _pyroLocalSocket
The socket that is used locally to connect to the remote daemon.
The format depends on the address family used for the connection, but usually
for IPV4 connections it is the familiar (hostname, port) tuple.
Consult the Python documentation on `socket families <https://docs.python.org/3/library/socket.html#socket-families>`_
for more details
"""
__pyroAttributes = frozenset(
["__getnewargs__", "__getnewargs_ex__", "__getinitargs__", "_pyroConnection", "_pyroUri",
"_pyroOneway", "_pyroMethods", "_pyroAttrs", "_pyroTimeout", "_pyroSeq", "_pyroLocalSocket",
"_pyroRawWireResponse", "_pyroHandshake", "_pyroMaxRetries", "_pyroSerializer",
"_Proxy__pyroTimeout", "_Proxy__pyroOwnerThread"])
def __init__(self, uri, connected_socket=None):
if connected_socket:
uri = core.URI("PYRO:" + uri + "@<<connected-socket>>:0")
if isinstance(uri, str):
uri = core.URI(uri)
elif not isinstance(uri, core.URI):
raise TypeError("expected Pyro URI")
self._pyroUri = uri
self._pyroConnection = None
self._pyroSerializer = None # can be set to the name of a serializer to override the global one per-proxy
self._pyroMethods = set() # all methods of the remote object, gotten from meta-data
self._pyroAttrs = set() # attributes of the remote object, gotten from meta-data
self._pyroOneway = set() # oneway-methods of the remote object, gotten from meta-data
self._pyroSeq = 0 # message sequence number
self._pyroRawWireResponse = False # internal switch to enable wire level responses
self._pyroHandshake = "hello" # the data object that should be sent in the initial connection handshake message
self._pyroMaxRetries = config.MAX_RETRIES
self.__pyroTimeout = config.COMMTIMEOUT
self.__pyroOwnerThread = get_ident() # the thread that owns this proxy
if config.SERIALIZER not in serializers.serializers:
raise ValueError("unknown serializer configured")
# note: we're not clearing the client annotations dict here.
# that is because otherwise it will be wiped if a new proxy is needed to connect PYRONAME uris.
# clearing the response annotations is okay.
current_context.response_annotations = {}
if connected_socket:
self.__pyroCreateConnection(False, connected_socket)
def __del__(self):
if hasattr(self, "_pyroConnection"):
try:
self._pyroRelease()
except Exception:
pass
def __getattr__(self, name):
if name in Proxy.__pyroAttributes:
# allows it to be safely pickled
raise AttributeError(name)
# get metadata if it's not there yet
if not self._pyroMethods and not self._pyroAttrs:
self._pyroGetMetadata()
if name in self._pyroAttrs:
return self._pyroInvoke("__getattr__", (name,), None)
if name not in self._pyroMethods:
# client side check if the requested attr actually exists
raise AttributeError("remote object '%s' has no exposed attribute or method '%s'" % (self._pyroUri, name))
return _RemoteMethod(self._pyroInvoke, name, self._pyroMaxRetries)
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
if name in Proxy.__pyroAttributes:
return super(Proxy, self).__setattr__(name, value) # one of the special pyro attributes
# get metadata if it's not there yet
if not self._pyroMethods and not self._pyroAttrs:
self._pyroGetMetadata()
if name in self._pyroAttrs:
return self._pyroInvoke("__setattr__", (name, value), None) # remote attribute
# client side validation if the requested attr actually exists
raise AttributeError("remote object '%s' has no exposed attribute '%s'" % (self._pyroUri, name))
def __repr__(self):
if self._pyroConnection:
connected = "connected " + self._pyroConnection.family()
else:
connected = "not connected"
return "<%s.%s at 0x%x; %s; for %s; owner %s>" % (self.__class__.__module__, self.__class__.__name__,
id(self), connected, self._pyroUri, self.__pyroOwnerThread)
def __getstate__(self):
# make sure a tuple of just primitive types are used to allow for proper serialization
return str(self._pyroUri), tuple(self._pyroOneway), tuple(self._pyroMethods), \
tuple(self._pyroAttrs), self._pyroHandshake, self._pyroSerializer
def __setstate__(self, state):
self._pyroUri = core.URI(state[0])
self._pyroOneway = set(state[1])
self._pyroMethods = set(state[2])
self._pyroAttrs = set(state[3])
self._pyroHandshake = state[4]
self._pyroSerializer = state[5]
self.__pyroTimeout = config.COMMTIMEOUT
self._pyroMaxRetries = config.MAX_RETRIES
self._pyroConnection = None
self._pyroLocalSocket = None
self._pyroSeq = 0
self._pyroRawWireResponse = False
self.__pyroOwnerThread = get_ident()
def __copy__(self):
p = object.__new__(type(self))
p.__setstate__(self.__getstate__())
p._pyroTimeout = self._pyroTimeout
p._pyroRawWireResponse = self._pyroRawWireResponse
p._pyroMaxRetries = self._pyroMaxRetries
return p
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
self._pyroRelease()
def __eq__(self, other):
if other is self:
return True
return isinstance(other, Proxy) and other._pyroUri == self._pyroUri
def __ne__(self, other):
if other and isinstance(other, Proxy):
return other._pyroUri != self._pyroUri
return True
def __hash__(self):
return hash(self._pyroUri)
def __dir__(self):
result = dir(self.__class__) + list(self.__dict__.keys())
return sorted(set(result) | self._pyroMethods | self._pyroAttrs)
# When special methods are invoked via special syntax (e.g. obj[index] calls
# obj.__getitem__(index)), the special methods are not looked up via __getattr__
# for efficiency reasons; instead, their presence is checked directly.
# Thus we need to define them here to force (remote) lookup through __getitem__.
def __bool__(self): return True
def __len__(self): return self.__getattr__('__len__')()
def __getitem__(self, index): return self.__getattr__('__getitem__')(index)
def __setitem__(self, index, val): return self.__getattr__('__setitem__')(index, val)
def __delitem__(self, index): return self.__getattr__('__delitem__')(index)
def __iter__(self):
try:
# use remote iterator if it exists
yield from self.__getattr__('__iter__')()
except AttributeError:
# fallback to indexed based iteration
try:
yield from (self[index] for index in range(sys.maxsize))
except (StopIteration, IndexError):
return
def _pyroRelease(self):
"""release the connection to the pyro daemon"""
self.__check_owner()
if self._pyroConnection is not None:
self._pyroConnection.close()
self._pyroConnection = None
self._pyroLocalSocket = None
def _pyroBind(self):
"""
Bind this proxy to the exact object from the uri. That means that the proxy's uri
will be updated with a direct PYRO uri, if it isn't one yet.
If the proxy is already bound, it will not bind again.
"""
return self.__pyroCreateConnection(True)
def __pyroGetTimeout(self):
return self.__pyroTimeout
def __pyroSetTimeout(self, timeout):
self.__pyroTimeout = timeout
if self._pyroConnection is not None:
self._pyroConnection.timeout = timeout
_pyroTimeout = property(__pyroGetTimeout, __pyroSetTimeout, doc="""
The timeout in seconds for calls on this proxy. Defaults to ``None``.
If the timeout expires before the remote method call returns,
Pyro will raise a :exc:`Pyro5.errors.TimeoutError`""")
def _pyroInvoke(self, methodname, vargs, kwargs, flags=0, objectId=None):
"""perform the remote method call communication"""
self.__check_owner()
current_context.response_annotations = {}
if self._pyroConnection is None:
self.__pyroCreateConnection()
serializer = serializers.serializers[self._pyroSerializer or config.SERIALIZER]
objectId = objectId or self._pyroConnection.objectId
annotations = current_context.annotations
if vargs and isinstance(vargs[0], SerializedBlob):
# special serialization of a 'blob' that stays serialized
data, flags = self.__serializeBlobArgs(vargs, kwargs, annotations, flags, objectId, methodname, serializer)
else:
# normal serialization of the remote call
data = serializer.dumpsCall(objectId, methodname, vargs, kwargs)
if methodname in self._pyroOneway:
flags |= protocol.FLAGS_ONEWAY
self._pyroSeq = (self._pyroSeq + 1) & 0xffff
msg = protocol.SendingMessage(protocol.MSG_INVOKE, flags, self._pyroSeq, serializer.serializer_id, data, annotations=annotations)
if config.LOGWIRE:
protocol.log_wiredata(log, "proxy wiredata sending", msg)
try:
self._pyroConnection.send(msg.data)
del msg # invite GC to collect the object, don't wait for out-of-scope
if flags & protocol.FLAGS_ONEWAY:
return None # oneway call, no response data
else:
msg = protocol.recv_stub(self._pyroConnection, [protocol.MSG_RESULT])
if config.LOGWIRE:
protocol.log_wiredata(log, "proxy wiredata received", msg)
self.__pyroCheckSequence(msg.seq)
if msg.serializer_id != serializer.serializer_id:
error = "invalid serializer in response: %d" % msg.serializer_id
log.error(error)
raise errors.SerializeError(error)
if msg.annotations:
current_context.response_annotations = msg.annotations
if self._pyroRawWireResponse:
return msg
data = serializer.loads(msg.data)
if msg.flags & protocol.FLAGS_ITEMSTREAMRESULT:
streamId = bytes(msg.annotations.get("STRM", b"")).decode()
if not streamId:
raise errors.ProtocolError("result of call is an iterator, but the server is not configured to allow streaming")
return _StreamResultIterator(streamId, self)
if msg.flags & protocol.FLAGS_EXCEPTION:
raise data # if you see this in your traceback, you should probably inspect the remote traceback as well
else:
return data
except (errors.CommunicationError, KeyboardInterrupt):
# Communication error during read. To avoid corrupt transfers, we close the connection.
# Otherwise we might receive the previous reply as a result of a new method call!
# Special case for keyboardinterrupt: people pressing ^C to abort the client
# may be catching the keyboardinterrupt in their code. We should probably be on the
# safe side and release the proxy connection in this case too, because they might
# be reusing the proxy object after catching the exception...
self._pyroRelease()
raise
def __pyroCheckSequence(self, seq):
if seq != self._pyroSeq:
err = "invoke: reply sequence out of sync, got %d expected %d" % (seq, self._pyroSeq)
log.error(err)
raise errors.ProtocolError(err)
def __pyroCreateConnection(self, replaceUri=False, connected_socket=None):
"""
Connects this proxy to the remote Pyro daemon. Does connection handshake.
Returns true if a new connection was made, false if an existing one was already present.
"""
def connect_and_handshake(conn):
try:
if self._pyroConnection is not None:
return False # already connected
if config.SSL:
sslContext = socketutil.get_ssl_context(clientcert=config.SSL_CLIENTCERT,
clientkey=config.SSL_CLIENTKEY,
keypassword=config.SSL_CLIENTKEYPASSWD,
cacerts=config.SSL_CACERTS)
else:
sslContext = None
sock = socketutil.create_socket(connect=connect_location,
reuseaddr=config.SOCK_REUSE,
timeout=self.__pyroTimeout,
nodelay=config.SOCK_NODELAY,
sslContext=sslContext)
conn = socketutil.SocketConnection(sock, uri.object)
# Do handshake.
serializer = serializers.serializers[self._pyroSerializer or config.SERIALIZER]
data = {"handshake": self._pyroHandshake, "object": uri.object}
data = serializer.dumps(data)
msg = protocol.SendingMessage(protocol.MSG_CONNECT, 0, self._pyroSeq, serializer.serializer_id,
data, annotations=current_context.annotations)
if config.LOGWIRE:
protocol.log_wiredata(log, "proxy connect sending", msg)
conn.send(msg.data)
msg = protocol.recv_stub(conn, [protocol.MSG_CONNECTOK, protocol.MSG_CONNECTFAIL])
if config.LOGWIRE:
protocol.log_wiredata(log, "proxy connect response received", msg)
except Exception as x:
if conn:
conn.close()
err = "cannot connect to %s: %s" % (connect_location, x)
log.error(err)
if isinstance(x, errors.CommunicationError):
raise
else:
raise errors.CommunicationError(err) from x
else:
handshake_response = "?"
if msg.data:
serializer = serializers.serializers_by_id[msg.serializer_id]
handshake_response = serializer.loads(msg.data)
if msg.type == protocol.MSG_CONNECTFAIL:
error = "connection to %s rejected: %s" % (connect_location, handshake_response)
conn.close()
log.error(error)
raise errors.CommunicationError(error)
elif msg.type == protocol.MSG_CONNECTOK:
self.__processMetadata(handshake_response["meta"])
handshake_response = handshake_response["handshake"]
self._pyroConnection = conn
self._pyroLocalSocket = conn.sock.getsockname()
if replaceUri:
self._pyroUri = uri
self._pyroValidateHandshake(handshake_response)
log.debug("connected to %s - %s - %s", self._pyroUri, conn.family(), "SSL" if sslContext else "unencrypted")
if msg.annotations:
current_context.response_annotations = msg.annotations
else:
conn.close()
err = "cannot connect to %s: invalid msg type %d received" % (connect_location, msg.type)
log.error(err)
raise errors.ProtocolError(err)
self.__check_owner()
if self._pyroConnection is not None:
return False # already connected
uri = core.resolve(self._pyroUri)
# socket connection (normal or Unix domain socket)
conn = None
log.debug("connecting to %s", uri)
connect_location = uri.sockname or (uri.host, uri.port)
if connected_socket:
self._pyroConnection = socketutil.SocketConnection(connected_socket, uri.object, True)
self._pyroLocalSocket = connected_socket.getsockname()
else:
connect_and_handshake(conn)
# obtain metadata if this feature is enabled, and the metadata is not known yet
if not self._pyroMethods and not self._pyroAttrs:
self._pyroGetMetadata(uri.object)
return True
def _pyroGetMetadata(self, objectId=None, known_metadata=None):
"""
Get metadata from server (methods, attrs, oneway, ...) and remember them in some attributes of the proxy.
Usually this will already be known due to the default behavior of the connect handshake, where the
connect response also includes the metadata.
"""
objectId = objectId or self._pyroUri.object
log.debug("getting metadata for object %s", objectId)
if self._pyroConnection is None and not known_metadata:
try:
self.__pyroCreateConnection()
except errors.PyroError:
log.error("problem getting metadata: cannot connect")
raise
if self._pyroMethods or self._pyroAttrs:
return # metadata has already been retrieved as part of creating the connection
try:
# invoke the get_metadata method on the daemon
result = known_metadata or self._pyroInvoke("get_metadata", [objectId], {}, objectId=core.DAEMON_NAME)
self.__processMetadata(result)
except errors.PyroError:
log.exception("problem getting metadata")
raise
def __processMetadata(self, metadata):
if not metadata:
return
self._pyroOneway = set(metadata["oneway"])
self._pyroMethods = set(metadata["methods"])
self._pyroAttrs = set(metadata["attrs"])
if log.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
log.debug("from meta: methods=%s, oneway methods=%s, attributes=%s",
sorted(self._pyroMethods), sorted(self._pyroOneway), sorted(self._pyroAttrs))
if not self._pyroMethods and not self._pyroAttrs:
raise errors.PyroError("remote object doesn't expose any methods or attributes. Did you forget setting @expose on them?")
def _pyroReconnect(self, tries=100000000):
"""
(Re)connect the proxy to the daemon containing the pyro object which the proxy is for.
In contrast to the _pyroBind method, this one first releases the connection (if the proxy is still connected)
and retries making a new connection until it succeeds or the given amount of tries ran out.
"""
self._pyroRelease()
while tries:
try:
self.__pyroCreateConnection()
return
except errors.CommunicationError:
tries -= 1
if tries:
time.sleep(2)
msg = "failed to reconnect"
log.error(msg)
raise errors.ConnectionClosedError(msg)
def _pyroInvokeBatch(self, calls, oneway=False):
flags = protocol.FLAGS_BATCH
if oneway:
flags |= protocol.FLAGS_ONEWAY
return self._pyroInvoke("<batch>", calls, None, flags)
def _pyroValidateHandshake(self, response):
"""
Process and validate the initial connection handshake response data received from the daemon.
Simply return without error if everything is ok.
Raise an exception if something is wrong and the connection should not be made.
"""
return
def _pyroClaimOwnership(self):
"""
The current thread claims the ownership of this proxy from another thread.
Any existing connection will remain active!
"""
if get_ident() != self.__pyroOwnerThread:
# if self._pyroConnection is not None:
# self._pyroConnection.close()
# self._pyroConnection = None
self.__pyroOwnerThread = get_ident()
def __serializeBlobArgs(self, vargs, kwargs, annotations, flags, objectId, methodname, serializer):
"""
Special handling of a "blob" argument that has to stay serialized until explicitly deserialized in client code.
This makes efficient, transparent gateways or dispatchers and such possible:
they don't have to de/reserialize the message and are independent from the serialized class definitions.
Annotations are passed in because some blob metadata is added. They're not part of the blob itself.
"""
if len(vargs) > 1 or kwargs:
raise errors.SerializeError("if SerializedBlob is used, it must be the only argument")
blob = vargs[0]
flags |= protocol.FLAGS_KEEPSERIALIZED
# Pass the objectId and methodname separately in an annotation because currently,
# they are embedded inside the serialized message data. And we're not deserializing that,
# so we have to have another means of knowing the object and method it is meant for...
# A better solution is perhaps to split the actual remote method arguments from the
# control data (object + methodname) but that requires a major protocol change.
# The code below is not as nice but it works without any protocol change and doesn't
# require a hack either - so it's actually not bad like this.
import marshal
annotations["BLBI"] = marshal.dumps((blob.info, objectId, methodname))
if blob._contains_blob:
# directly pass through the already serialized msg data from within the blob
protocol_msg = blob._data
return protocol_msg.data, flags
else:
# replaces SerializedBlob argument with the data to be serialized
return serializer.dumpsCall(objectId, methodname, blob._data, kwargs), flags
def __check_owner(self):
if get_ident() != self.__pyroOwnerThread:
raise errors.PyroError("the calling thread is not the owner of this proxy, "
"create a new proxy in this thread or transfer ownership.")
class _RemoteMethod(object):
"""method call abstraction"""
def __init__(self, send, name, max_retries):
self.__send = send
self.__name = name
self.__max_retries = max_retries
def __getattr__(self, name):
return _RemoteMethod(self.__send, "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name), self.__max_retries)
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
for attempt in range(self.__max_retries + 1):
try:
return self.__send(self.__name, args, kwargs)
except (errors.ConnectionClosedError, errors.TimeoutError):
# only retry for recoverable network errors
if attempt >= self.__max_retries:
# last attempt, raise the exception
raise
class _StreamResultIterator(object):
"""
Pyro returns this as a result of a remote call which returns an iterator or generator.
It is a normal iterable and produces elements on demand from the remote iterator.
You can simply use it in for loops, list comprehensions etc.
"""
def __init__(self, streamId, proxy):
self.streamId = streamId
self.proxy = proxy
self.pyroseq = proxy._pyroSeq
def __iter__(self):
return self
def __next__(self):
if self.proxy is None:
raise StopIteration
if self.proxy._pyroConnection is None:
raise errors.ConnectionClosedError("the proxy for this stream result has been closed")
self.pyroseq += 1
try:
return self.proxy._pyroInvoke("get_next_stream_item", [self.streamId], {}, objectId=core.DAEMON_NAME)
except (StopIteration, GeneratorExit):
# when the iterator is exhausted, the proxy is removed to avoid unneeded close_stream calls later
# (the server has closed its part of the stream by itself already)
self.proxy = None
raise
def __del__(self):
try:
self.close()
except Exception:
pass
def close(self):
if self.proxy and self.proxy._pyroConnection is not None:
if self.pyroseq == self.proxy._pyroSeq:
# we're still in sync, it's okay to use the same proxy to close this stream
self.proxy._pyroInvoke("close_stream", [self.streamId], {},
flags=protocol.FLAGS_ONEWAY, objectId=core.DAEMON_NAME)
else:
# The proxy's sequence number has diverged.
# One of the reasons this can happen is because this call is being done from python's GC where
# it decides to gc old iterator objects *during a new call on the proxy*.
# If we use the same proxy and do a call in between, the other call on the proxy will get an out of sync seq and crash!
# We create a temporary second proxy to call close_stream on. This is inefficient, but avoids the problem.
with contextlib.suppress(errors.CommunicationError):
with self.proxy.__copy__() as closingProxy:
closingProxy._pyroInvoke("close_stream", [self.streamId], {},
flags=protocol.FLAGS_ONEWAY, objectId=core.DAEMON_NAME)
self.proxy = None
class _BatchedRemoteMethod(object):
"""method call abstraction that is used with batched calls"""
def __init__(self, calls, name):
self.__calls = calls
self.__name = name
def __getattr__(self, name):
return _BatchedRemoteMethod(self.__calls, "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name))
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.__calls.append((self.__name, args, kwargs))
class BatchProxy(object):
"""Proxy that lets you batch multiple method calls into one.
It is constructed with a reference to the normal proxy that will
carry out the batched calls. Call methods on this object that you want to batch,
and finally call the batch proxy itself. That call will return a generator
for the results of every method call in the batch (in sequence)."""
def __init__(self, proxy):
self.__proxy = proxy
self.__calls = []
def __getattr__(self, name):
return _BatchedRemoteMethod(self.__calls, name)
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, *args):
pass
def __copy__(self):
copy = type(self)(self.__proxy)
copy.__calls = list(self.__calls)
return copy
def __resultsgenerator(self, results):
for result in results:
if isinstance(result, core._ExceptionWrapper):
result.raiseIt() # re-raise the remote exception locally.
else:
yield result # it is a regular result object, yield that and continue.
def __call__(self, oneway=False):
self.__proxy._pyroClaimOwnership()
results = self.__proxy._pyroInvokeBatch(self.__calls, oneway)
self.__calls = [] # clear for re-use
if not oneway:
return self.__resultsgenerator(results)
def _pyroInvoke(self, name, args, kwargs):
# ignore all parameters, we just need to execute the batch
results = self.__proxy._pyroInvokeBatch(self.__calls)
self.__calls = [] # clear for re-use
return self.__resultsgenerator(results)
class SerializedBlob(object):
"""
Used to wrap some data to make Pyro pass this object transparently (it keeps the serialized payload as-is)
Only when you need to access the actual client data you can deserialize on demand.
This makes efficient, transparent gateways or dispatchers and such possible:
they don't have to de/reserialize the message and are independent from the serialized class definitions.
You have to pass this as the only parameter to a remote method call for Pyro to understand it.
Init arguments:
``info`` = some (small) descriptive data about the blob. Can be a simple id or name or guid. Must be marshallable.
``data`` = the actual client data payload that you want to transfer in the blob. Can be anything that you would
otherwise have used as regular remote call arguments.
"""
def __init__(self, info, data, is_blob=False):
self.info = info
self._data = data
self._contains_blob = is_blob
if is_blob and not isinstance(data, (protocol.SendingMessage, protocol.ReceivingMessage)):
raise TypeError("data should be a protocol message object if is_blob is true")
def deserialized(self):
"""Retrieves the client data stored in this blob. Deserializes the data automatically if required."""
if self._contains_blob:
protocol_msg = self._data
serializer = serializers.serializers_by_id[protocol_msg.serializer_id]
if isinstance(protocol_msg, protocol.ReceivingMessage):
_, _, data, _ = serializer.loads(protocol_msg.data)
else:
# strip off header bytes from SendingMessage
payload_data = memoryview(protocol_msg.data)[protocol._header_size:]
_, _, data, _ = serializer.loads(payload_data)
return data
else:
return self._data
# register the special serializers for the pyro objects
serpent.register_class(Proxy, serializers.pyro_class_serpent_serializer)
serializers.SerializerBase.register_class_to_dict(Proxy, serializers.serialize_pyro_object_to_dict, serpent_too=False)
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