import datetime
from collections.abc import Awaitable, Generator
from typing import Any, Callable, TypeVar
from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, Mock, patch

import pytest
from litestar.middleware.session.server_side import ServerSideSessionConfig
from pytest import MonkeyPatch
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session as SyncSession

from advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.plugins.init.config.asyncio import SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig
from advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.plugins.init.config.sync import SQLAlchemySyncConfig
from advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session import (
    SessionModelMixin,
    SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
)

# Type variable for the callable in the patch
F = TypeVar("F", bound=Callable[..., Any])


class MockDateTime:
    """Mock datetime class for testing time-dependent behavior."""

    def __init__(self, fixed_time: datetime.datetime) -> None:
        self.fixed_time = fixed_time

    def now(self, tz: datetime.timezone = datetime.timezone.utc) -> datetime.datetime:
        return self.fixed_time


class MockSessionModel(SessionModelMixin):
    """Mock session model for testing."""

    __tablename__ = "mock_session"


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_session_model() -> type[SessionModelMixin]:
    return MockSessionModel


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_async_session() -> MagicMock:
    session = MagicMock(spec=AsyncSession)
    session.__aenter__.return_value = session  # Simulate async context manager
    session.__aexit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    return session


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_async_config(mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin], mock_async_session: MagicMock) -> MagicMock:
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)
    config.get_session.return_value = mock_async_session  # Configure the mock method
    return config


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_sync_session() -> MagicMock:
    session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    session.__enter__.return_value = session  # Simulate sync context manager
    session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    return session


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_sync_config(mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin], mock_sync_session: MagicMock) -> MagicMock:
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemySyncConfig)
    config.get_session.return_value = mock_sync_session  # Configure the mock method
    return config


@pytest.fixture()
def async_backend_config(
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,  # Use MagicMock type hint
) -> SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend:
    return SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        model=mock_session_model,
        alchemy_config=mock_async_config,
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=1000),
    )


def test_backend_config_post_init_valid(
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin], mock_async_config: MagicMock
) -> None:
    """Test SQLAlchemyBackendConfig initialization with valid parameters."""
    config = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        model=mock_session_model,
        alchemy_config=mock_async_config,
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=1000),
    )
    assert config.model is mock_session_model
    assert config.alchemy is mock_async_config


def test_backend_config_backend_class_async(
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin], mock_async_config: MagicMock
) -> None:
    """Test _backend_class property returns async backend for async config."""
    config = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        model=mock_session_model,
        alchemy_config=mock_async_config,
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=1000),
    )
    assert config._backend_class is SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]


def test_backend_config_backend_class_sync(
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin], mock_sync_config: MagicMock
) -> None:
    """Test _backend_class property returns sync backend for sync config."""
    config = SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend(
        model=mock_session_model,
        alchemy_config=mock_sync_config,
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=1000),
    )
    assert config._backend_class is SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]


# --- SessionModelMixin Tests ---


def test_session_model_mixin_is_expired_property() -> None:
    """Test the is_expired hybrid property."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    expired_session = MockSessionModel(expires_at=now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=1))
    active_session = MockSessionModel(expires_at=now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=10))

    assert expired_session.is_expired is True
    assert active_session.is_expired is False


def test_create_session_model_default_table_name() -> None:
    """Test creating a session model with the default table name."""

    class DefaultSessionModel(SessionModelMixin):
        """Default session model for testing."""

        __tablename__ = "session"

    assert issubclass(DefaultSessionModel, SessionModelMixin)
    assert DefaultSessionModel.__tablename__ == "session"


def test_create_session_model_custom_table_name() -> None:
    """Test creating a session model with a custom table name."""
    custom_name = "custom_user_sessions"

    class CustomSessionModel(SessionModelMixin):
        """Custom session model for testing."""

        __tablename__ = custom_name

    assert issubclass(CustomSessionModel, SessionModelMixin)
    assert CustomSessionModel.__tablename__ == custom_name


# --- SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend Tests ---


@pytest.fixture()
def async_backend(async_backend_config: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend) -> SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend:
    return async_backend_config


async def test_async_backend_get_session_obj_found(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test _get_session_obj finds an existing session."""
    mock_scalar_result = MagicMock()
    expected_session = mock_session_model(
        session_id="test_id", data=b"data", expires_at=datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    )
    mock_scalar_result.one_or_none.return_value = expected_session
    mock_async_session.scalars.return_value = mock_scalar_result

    session_obj = await async_backend._get_session_obj(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id="test_id")  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

    assert session_obj is expected_session
    mock_async_session.scalars.assert_called_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_async_session.scalars.call_args
    select_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(select_stmt).startswith(f"SELECT {mock_session_model.__tablename__}")
    assert "WHERE" in str(select_stmt) and "session_id = :session_id_1" in str(select_stmt)


async def test_async_backend_get_session_obj_not_found(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test _get_session_obj returns None when session not found."""
    mock_scalar_result = MagicMock()
    mock_scalar_result.one_or_none.return_value = None
    mock_async_session.scalars.return_value = mock_scalar_result

    session_obj = await async_backend._get_session_obj(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id="test_id")  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

    assert session_obj is None
    mock_async_session.scalars.assert_called_once()


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_async_backend_get_existing_not_expired(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test getting an existing, non-expired session."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    expires_at = now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=async_backend.config.max_age)
    session_data = b"session_data"
    session_id = "existing_session"

    mock_session_obj = mock_session_model(session_id=session_id, data=session_data, expires_at=expires_at)

    with patch.object(async_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=mock_session_obj) as mock_get_obj:
        result = await async_backend.get(session_id, store=Mock())

        assert result == session_data
        mock_get_obj.assert_awaited_once_with(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id=session_id)
        # Check expiry was updated
        assert mock_session_obj.expires_at > now
        mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()
        mock_async_session.delete.assert_not_called()


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_async_backend_get_existing_expired(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test getting an expired session returns None and deletes it."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    expires_at = now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=1)  # Expired
    session_data = b"expired_data"
    session_id = "expired_session"

    mock_session_obj = mock_session_model(session_id=session_id, data=session_data, expires_at=expires_at)

    with patch.object(async_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=mock_session_obj) as mock_get_obj:
        result = await async_backend.get(session_id, store=Mock())

        assert result is None
        mock_get_obj.assert_awaited_once_with(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id=session_id)
        mock_async_session.delete.assert_awaited_once_with(mock_session_obj)
        mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()


async def test_async_backend_get_non_existent(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test getting a non-existent session returns None."""
    session_id = "non_existent_session"
    with patch.object(async_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=None) as mock_get_obj:
        result = await async_backend.get(session_id, store=Mock())

        assert result is None
        mock_get_obj.assert_awaited_once_with(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id=session_id)
        mock_async_session.delete.assert_not_called()
        mock_async_session.commit.assert_not_called()  # Nothing to commit


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_async_backend_set_new_session(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
) -> None:
    """Test setting a new session."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", MockDateTime(now))

    with patch.object(async_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=None) as mock_get_obj:
        await async_backend.set("new_session", b"new_data", store=Mock())

        mock_get_obj.assert_awaited_once_with(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id="new_session")
        mock_async_session.add.assert_called_once()
        added_obj = mock_async_session.add.call_args[0][0]
        assert isinstance(added_obj, mock_session_model)
        assert added_obj.session_id == "new_session"
        assert added_obj.data == b"new_data"
        assert added_obj.expires_at == now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=async_backend.config.max_age)
        mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()


async def test_async_backend_set_update_existing_session(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
) -> None:
    """Test updating an existing session's data and expiry."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", MockDateTime(now))

    mock_existing_session = mock_session_model(
        session_id="existing_session_update", data=b"old_data", expires_at=now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=10)
    )

    with patch.object(async_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=mock_existing_session) as mock_get_obj:
        await async_backend.set("existing_session_update", b"new_data", store=Mock())

        mock_get_obj.assert_awaited_once_with(db_session=mock_async_session, session_id="existing_session_update")
        mock_async_session.add.assert_not_called()
        assert mock_existing_session.data == b"new_data"
        assert mock_existing_session.expires_at == now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=async_backend.config.max_age)
        mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()


async def test_async_backend_delete_existing(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test deleting an existing session."""
    session_id = "delete_me"
    await async_backend.delete(session_id, store=Mock())

    mock_async_session.execute.assert_awaited_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_async_session.execute.call_args
    delete_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(delete_stmt).startswith(f"DELETE FROM {mock_session_model.__tablename__}")
    assert "WHERE" in str(delete_stmt) and "session_id = :session_id_1" in str(delete_stmt)
    mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_async_backend_delete_non_existent(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test deleting a non-existent session (fails silently)."""
    session_id = "i_dont_exist"
    await async_backend.delete(session_id, store=Mock())

    mock_async_session.execute.assert_awaited_once()  # Execute is still called
    mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()  # Commit happens regardless


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_async_backend_delete_all(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test deleting all sessions."""
    await async_backend.delete_all(store=Mock())

    mock_async_session.execute.assert_awaited_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_async_session.execute.call_args
    delete_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(delete_stmt) == f"DELETE FROM {mock_session_model.__tablename__}"
    mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_async_backend_delete_expired(
    async_backend: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
    mock_async_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test deleting expired sessions."""
    mock_async_session = mock_async_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_async_session.__aenter__.return_value = mock_async_session
    mock_async_session.__aexit__.return_value = None

    fixed_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    mock_datetime = MockDateTime(fixed_time)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", mock_datetime)

    await async_backend.delete_expired()

    mock_async_session.execute.assert_awaited_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_async_session.execute.call_args
    delete_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(delete_stmt).startswith(f"DELETE FROM {mock_session_model.__tablename__}")
    assert "WHERE" in str(delete_stmt) and "now() >" in str(delete_stmt)
    mock_async_session.commit.assert_awaited_once()


# --- SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend Tests ---

# Use async fixtures and tests because the public methods are async,
# wrapping the internal sync calls.


@pytest.fixture()
def sync_backend(mock_sync_config: MagicMock) -> Generator[SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend, None, None]:
    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value = MagicMock()
    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value.__enter__.return_value = MagicMock()
    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Create a proper async wrapper for sync functions
    def mock_async_(fn: Callable[..., Any], **_: Any) -> Callable[..., Awaitable[Any]]:
        async def wrapper(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
            return fn(*args, **kwargs)

        return wrapper

    with patch("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.async_", side_effect=mock_async_):
        yield SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend(
            config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=1000),
            alchemy_config=mock_sync_config,
            model=MockSessionModel,
        )


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_sync_backend_get_wraps_sync_call(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test that sync backend's async get() calls the internal _get_sync."""
    session_id = "sync_test_get"
    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    mock_get_sync = MagicMock(return_value=b"data")
    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_get_sync", mock_get_sync):
        result = await sync_backend.get(session_id, store=Mock())
        assert result == b"data"
        mock_get_sync.assert_called_once_with(session_id)


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_sync_backend_set_wraps_sync_call(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test that sync backend's async set() calls the internal _set_sync."""
    session_id = "sync_test_set"
    data = b"set_data"
    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    mock_set_sync = MagicMock()
    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_set_sync", mock_set_sync):
        await sync_backend.set(session_id, data, store=Mock())
        mock_set_sync.assert_called_once_with(session_id, data)


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_sync_backend_delete_wraps_sync_call(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test that sync backend's async delete() calls the internal _delete_sync."""
    session_id = "sync_test_delete"
    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    mock_delete_sync = MagicMock()
    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_delete_sync", mock_delete_sync):
        await sync_backend.delete(session_id, store=Mock())
        mock_delete_sync.assert_called_once_with(session_id)


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_sync_backend_delete_all_wraps_sync_call(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test that sync backend's async delete_all() calls the internal _delete_all_sync."""
    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    mock_delete_all_sync = MagicMock()
    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_delete_all_sync", mock_delete_all_sync):
        await sync_backend.delete_all()
        mock_delete_all_sync.assert_called_once()


@pytest.mark.asyncio()
async def test_sync_backend_delete_expired_wraps_sync_call(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test that sync backend's async delete_expired() calls the internal _delete_expired_sync."""
    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    mock_delete_expired_sync = MagicMock()
    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_delete_expired_sync", mock_delete_expired_sync):
        await sync_backend.delete_expired()
        mock_delete_expired_sync.assert_called_once()


# --- Internal Sync Method Tests (_get_sync, _set_sync etc.) ---
# These run within the sync backend's methods, so we test them directly (not async)


def test_sync_backend_internal_get_sync_existing_not_expired(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _get_sync method for existing, non-expired session."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    mock_datetime = MockDateTime(now)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", mock_datetime)

    expires_at = now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=sync_backend.config.max_age)
    session_data = b"sync_session_data"
    session_id = "sync_existing_session"

    mock_session_obj = mock_session_model(session_id=session_id, data=session_data, expires_at=expires_at)

    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=mock_session_obj) as mock_get_obj:
        result = sync_backend._get_sync(session_id)  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

        assert result == session_data
        mock_get_obj.assert_called_once_with(db_session=mock_sync_session, session_id=session_id)
        assert mock_session_obj.expires_at > now
        mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()
        mock_sync_session.delete.assert_not_called()


def test_sync_backend_internal_get_sync_existing_expired(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _get_sync method for an expired session."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    mock_datetime = MockDateTime(now)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", mock_datetime)

    expires_at = now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=1)  # Expired
    session_data = b"sync_expired_data"
    session_id = "sync_expired_session"

    mock_session_obj = mock_session_model(session_id=session_id, data=session_data, expires_at=expires_at)

    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=mock_session_obj) as mock_get_obj:
        result = sync_backend._get_sync(session_id)  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

        assert result is None
        mock_get_obj.assert_called_once_with(db_session=mock_sync_session, session_id=session_id)
        mock_sync_session.delete.assert_called_once_with(mock_session_obj)
        mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()


def test_sync_backend_internal_get_sync_non_existent(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _get_sync method for a non-existent session."""
    session_id = "sync_non_existent"
    mock_sync_session = mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=None) as mock_get_obj:
        result = sync_backend._get_sync(session_id)  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

        assert result is None
        mock_get_obj.assert_called_once_with(db_session=mock_sync_session, session_id=session_id)
        mock_sync_session.delete.assert_not_called()
        mock_sync_session.commit.assert_not_called()


def test_sync_backend_internal_set_sync_new(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _set_sync method for a new session."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    mock_datetime = MockDateTime(now)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", mock_datetime)

    session_id = "sync_new_set"
    data = b"sync_new_data"

    mock_sync_session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    mock_sync_session.bind = mock_bind

    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value = mock_sync_session

    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=None) as mock_get_obj:
        sync_backend._set_sync(session_id, data)  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

        mock_get_obj.assert_called_once_with(db_session=mock_sync_session, session_id=session_id)
        # Check add was called with a new model instance
        mock_sync_session.add.assert_called_once()
        added_obj = mock_sync_session.add.call_args[0][0]
        assert isinstance(added_obj, mock_session_model)
        assert added_obj.session_id == session_id
        assert added_obj.data == data
        assert added_obj.expires_at == now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=sync_backend.config.max_age)
        mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()


def test_sync_backend_internal_set_sync_update(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _set_sync method updating an existing session."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    mock_datetime = MockDateTime(now)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", mock_datetime)

    session_id = "sync_update_set"
    old_data = b"sync_old_data"
    new_data = b"sync_new_data"
    old_expires_at = now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=20)

    mock_existing_session = mock_session_model(session_id=session_id, data=old_data, expires_at=old_expires_at)

    mock_sync_session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    mock_sync_session.bind = mock_bind

    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value = mock_sync_session

    with patch.object(sync_backend, "_get_session_obj", return_value=mock_existing_session) as mock_get_obj:
        sync_backend._set_sync(session_id, new_data)  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

        mock_get_obj.assert_called_once_with(db_session=mock_sync_session, session_id=session_id)
        mock_sync_session.add.assert_not_called()  # Should not add new
        assert mock_existing_session.data == new_data
        assert mock_existing_session.expires_at == now + datetime.timedelta(seconds=sync_backend.config.max_age)
        mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()


def test_sync_backend_internal_delete_sync(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _delete_sync method."""
    session_id = "sync_delete_me"
    mock_sync_session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "sqlite"
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    mock_sync_session.bind = mock_bind

    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value = mock_sync_session

    sync_backend._delete_sync(session_id)  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

    mock_sync_session.execute.assert_called_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_sync_session.execute.call_args
    delete_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(delete_stmt).startswith(f"DELETE FROM {mock_session_model.__tablename__}")
    assert "WHERE" in str(delete_stmt) and "session_id = :session_id_1" in str(delete_stmt)
    mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()


def test_sync_backend_internal_delete_all_sync(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _delete_all_sync method."""
    mock_sync_session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "sqlite"
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    mock_sync_session.bind = mock_bind

    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value = mock_sync_session

    sync_backend._delete_all_sync()  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

    mock_sync_session.execute.assert_called_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_sync_session.execute.call_args
    delete_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(delete_stmt) == f"DELETE FROM {mock_session_model.__tablename__}"
    mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()


def test_sync_backend_internal_delete_expired_sync(
    sync_backend: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config: MagicMock,
    mock_session_model: type[SessionModelMixin],
    monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
    mock_sync_session: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test the internal _delete_expired_sync method."""
    mock_sync_session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    mock_sync_session.__enter__.return_value = mock_sync_session
    mock_sync_session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "sqlite"
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    mock_sync_session.bind = mock_bind

    mock_sync_config.get_session.return_value = mock_sync_session

    fixed_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    mock_datetime = MockDateTime(fixed_time)
    monkeypatch.setattr("advanced_alchemy.extensions.litestar.session.datetime.datetime", mock_datetime)

    sync_backend._delete_expired_sync()  # pyright: ignore [reportPrivateUsage]

    mock_sync_session.execute.assert_called_once()
    call_args, _ = mock_sync_session.execute.call_args
    delete_stmt = call_args[0]
    assert str(delete_stmt).startswith(f"DELETE FROM {mock_session_model.__tablename__}")
    assert "WHERE" in str(delete_stmt) and "now() >" in str(delete_stmt)
    mock_sync_session.commit.assert_called_once()


# --- SessionModelMixin Edge Cases ---


def test_table_args_with_spanner_dialect() -> None:
    """Test table args generation for Spanner dialect."""
    dialect_mock = Mock()
    dialect_mock.name = "spanner+spanner"

    result = MockSessionModel._create_unique_session_id_constraint(dialect=dialect_mock)
    assert result is False

    result = MockSessionModel._create_unique_session_id_index(dialect=dialect_mock)
    assert result is True


def test_table_args_with_postgresql_dialect() -> None:
    """Test table args generation for PostgreSQL dialect."""
    dialect_mock = Mock()
    dialect_mock.name = "postgresql"

    result = MockSessionModel._create_unique_session_id_constraint(dialect=dialect_mock)
    assert result is True

    result = MockSessionModel._create_unique_session_id_index(dialect=dialect_mock)
    assert result is False


def test_is_expired_expression() -> None:
    """Test the SQL expression for is_expired."""
    expr = MockSessionModel.is_expired
    assert expr is not None
    assert hasattr(expr, "expression")


def test_session_model_fields() -> None:
    """Test that all required fields are present."""
    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    session = MockSessionModel(
        session_id="test_123",
        data=b"test_data",
        expires_at=now + datetime.timedelta(hours=1),
    )

    assert session.session_id == "test_123"
    assert session.data == b"test_data"
    assert session.expires_at > now
    assert hasattr(session, "id")


# --- Async Backend Error Tests ---


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_async_config_errors() -> MagicMock:
    """Create mock async config."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)
    session = AsyncMock(spec=AsyncSession)
    session.__aenter__.return_value = session
    session.__aexit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    config.get_session.return_value = session
    return config


@pytest.fixture()
def async_backend_errors(mock_async_config_errors: MagicMock) -> SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend:
    """Create async backend with mock config."""
    return SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=mock_async_config_errors,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )


async def test_async_get_database_error(
    async_backend_errors: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test handling of database errors during get operation."""
    session = mock_async_config_errors.get_session.return_value

    session.scalars.side_effect = Exception("Database connection lost")

    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Database connection lost"):
        await async_backend_errors.get("session_123", Mock())


async def test_async_set_database_error_on_commit(
    async_backend_errors: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test handling of database errors during set operation commit."""
    session = mock_async_config_errors.get_session.return_value

    mock_result = MagicMock()
    mock_result.one_or_none.return_value = None

    async def mock_scalars(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> MagicMock:
        return mock_result

    session.scalars = mock_scalars
    session.commit.side_effect = Exception("Commit failed")

    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Commit failed"):
        await async_backend_errors.set("session_123", b"data", Mock())


async def test_async_delete_database_error(
    async_backend_errors: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test handling of database errors during delete operation."""
    session = mock_async_config_errors.get_session.return_value

    session.execute.side_effect = Exception("Delete operation failed")

    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Delete operation failed"):
        await async_backend_errors.delete("session_123", Mock())


async def test_async_concurrent_session_modification(
    async_backend_errors: SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend,
    mock_async_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test behavior with concurrent session modifications."""
    session = mock_async_config_errors.get_session.return_value

    mock_result1 = MagicMock()
    mock_result1.one_or_none.return_value = MockSessionModel(
        session_id="test",
        data=b"data",
        expires_at=datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc) + datetime.timedelta(hours=1),
    )

    mock_result2 = MagicMock()
    mock_result2.one_or_none.return_value = None

    async def mock_scalars_1(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> MagicMock:
        return mock_result1

    async def mock_scalars_2(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> MagicMock:
        return mock_result2

    scalars_calls = iter([mock_scalars_1, mock_scalars_2])

    async def mock_scalars_dispatcher(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> MagicMock:
        return await next(scalars_calls)(*args, **kwargs)

    session.scalars = mock_scalars_dispatcher

    result1 = await async_backend_errors.get("test", Mock())
    assert result1 == b"data"

    result2 = await async_backend_errors.get("test", Mock())
    assert result2 is None


# --- Sync Backend Error Tests ---


@pytest.fixture()
def mock_sync_config_errors() -> MagicMock:
    """Create mock sync config."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemySyncConfig)
    session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    session.__enter__.return_value = session
    session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    config.get_session.return_value = session
    return config


@pytest.fixture()
def sync_backend_errors(mock_sync_config_errors: MagicMock) -> SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend:
    """Create sync backend with mock config."""
    return SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=mock_sync_config_errors,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )


def test_get_sync_database_error(
    sync_backend_errors: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test handling of database errors during sync get operation."""
    session = mock_sync_config_errors.get_session.return_value
    session.scalars.side_effect = Exception("Database error")

    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Database error"):
        sync_backend_errors._get_sync("session_123")


def test_set_sync_database_error(
    sync_backend_errors: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test handling of database errors during sync set operation."""
    session = mock_sync_config_errors.get_session.return_value
    mock_result = MagicMock()
    mock_result.one_or_none.return_value = None
    session.scalars.return_value = mock_result
    session.commit.side_effect = Exception("Commit failed")

    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Commit failed"):
        sync_backend_errors._set_sync("session_123", b"data")


def test_delete_sync_constraint_violation(
    sync_backend_errors: SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend,
    mock_sync_config_errors: MagicMock,
) -> None:
    """Test handling of constraint violations during delete."""
    session = mock_sync_config_errors.get_session.return_value
    session.execute.side_effect = Exception("Foreign key constraint violation")

    with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Foreign key constraint violation"):
        sync_backend_errors._delete_sync("session_123")


# --- Configuration Edge Cases ---


def test_backend_with_minimal_max_age() -> None:
    """Test backend behavior with minimal max_age."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)
    session = MagicMock(spec=AsyncSession)
    session.__aenter__.return_value = session
    session.__aexit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    config.get_session.return_value = session

    backend = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=1),
        alchemy_config=config,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )

    assert backend.config.max_age == 1


def test_backend_config_property_setter() -> None:
    """Test that config property can be updated."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)

    backend = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=config,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )

    new_config = ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=7200)
    backend.config = new_config
    assert backend.config.max_age == 7200


def test_select_session_obj_query_generation() -> None:
    """Test the SQL query generation for selecting session objects."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)

    backend = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=config,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )

    query = backend._select_session_obj("test_session_id")
    query_str = str(query)

    assert "mock_session" in query_str
    assert "session_id" in query_str
    assert "WHERE" in query_str


# --- Timezone Handling Tests ---


def test_session_expiry_timezone_aware() -> None:
    """Test that session expiry is always timezone-aware."""

    now = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc)
    future = now + datetime.timedelta(hours=1)
    past = now - datetime.timedelta(hours=1)

    active_session = MockSessionModel(
        session_id="active",
        data=b"data",
        expires_at=future,
    )
    expired_session = MockSessionModel(
        session_id="expired",
        data=b"data",
        expires_at=past,
    )

    assert active_session.expires_at.tzinfo is not None
    assert expired_session.expires_at.tzinfo is not None

    assert not active_session.is_expired
    assert expired_session.is_expired


# --- Large Data Handling Tests ---


@pytest.fixture()
def large_data() -> bytes:
    """Generate large data for testing."""
    return b"x" * (1024 * 1024)


async def test_async_backend_large_data(large_data: bytes) -> None:
    """Test async backend with large data."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)
    session = MagicMock(spec=AsyncSession)
    session.__aenter__.return_value = session
    session.__aexit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    config.get_session.return_value = session

    backend = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=config,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )

    mock_result = MagicMock()
    mock_result.one_or_none.return_value = None

    async def mock_scalars(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> MagicMock:
        return mock_result

    session.scalars = mock_scalars
    session.commit = AsyncMock(return_value=None)

    await backend.set("large_session", large_data, Mock())

    session.add.assert_called_once()
    added_obj = session.add.call_args[0][0]
    assert added_obj.data == large_data


def test_sync_backend_large_data(large_data: bytes) -> None:
    """Test sync backend with large data."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemySyncConfig)
    session = MagicMock(spec=SyncSession)
    session.__enter__.return_value = session
    session.__exit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    config.get_session.return_value = session

    backend = SQLAlchemySyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=config,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )

    mock_result = MagicMock()
    mock_result.one_or_none.return_value = None
    session.scalars.return_value = mock_result

    backend._set_sync("large_session", large_data)

    session.add.assert_called_once()
    added_obj = session.add.call_args[0][0]
    assert added_obj.data == large_data


# --- Session ID Validation Tests ---


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "session_id",
    [
        "",
        "a" * 256,
        "session with spaces",
        "session/with/slashes",
        "session?with=query",
        "session#with#hash",
        "😀emoji-session",
        "\nsession\nwith\nnewlines",
    ],
)
async def test_various_session_ids(session_id: str) -> None:
    """Test handling of various session ID formats."""
    config = MagicMock(spec=SQLAlchemyAsyncConfig)
    session = MagicMock(spec=AsyncSession)
    session.__aenter__.return_value = session
    session.__aexit__.return_value = None

    # Add mock bind and dialect to avoid AttributeError in session backend
    mock_dialect = MagicMock()
    mock_dialect.name = "mssql"  # Use dialect that forces fallback path in tests
    mock_dialect.server_version_info = None  # Ensure no merge support
    mock_bind = MagicMock()
    mock_bind.dialect = mock_dialect
    session.bind = mock_bind

    config.get_session.return_value = session

    backend = SQLAlchemyAsyncSessionBackend(
        config=ServerSideSessionConfig(max_age=3600),
        alchemy_config=config,
        model=MockSessionModel,
    )

    mock_result = MagicMock()
    mock_result.one_or_none.return_value = None

    async def mock_scalars(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> MagicMock:
        return mock_result

    session.scalars = mock_scalars
    session.commit = AsyncMock(return_value=None)

    await backend.set(session_id, b"data", Mock())

    session.add.assert_called_once()
    added_obj = session.add.call_args[0][0]

    if len(session_id) > 255:
        assert len(added_obj.session_id) <= 255
    else:
        assert added_obj.session_id == session_id