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{PDOC00149}
{PS00165; DEHYDRATASE_SER_THR}
{BEGIN}
*********************************************************************
* Serine/threonine dehydratases pyridoxal-phosphate attachment site *
*********************************************************************
Serine and threonine dehydratases [1,2] are functionally and structurally
related pyridoxal-phosphate dependent enzymes:
- L-serine dehydratase (EC 4.3.1.17) and D-serine dehydratase (EC 4.3.1.18)
catalyze the dehydratation of L-serine (respectively D-serine) into ammonia
and pyruvate.
- Threonine dehydratase (EC 4.3.1.19) (TDH) catalyzes the dehydratation of
threonine into alpha-ketobutarate and ammonia. In Escherichia coli and
other microorganisms, two classes of TDH are known to exist. One is
involved in the biosynthesis of isoleucine, the other in hydroxamino acid
catabolism.
Threonine synthase (EC 4.2.3.1) is also a pyridoxal-phosphate enzyme, it
catalyzes the transformation of homoserine-phosphate into threonine. It has
been shown [3] that threonine synthase is distantly related to the serine/
threonine dehydratases.
In all these enzymes, the pyridoxal-phosphate group is attached to a lysine
residue. The sequence around this residue is sufficiently conserved to allow
the derivation of a pattern specific to serine/threonine dehydratases and
threonine synthases.
-Consensus pattern: [DESH]-x(4,5)-[STVG]-{EVKD}-[AS]-[FYI]-K-[DLIFSA]-[RLVMF]-
[GA]-[LIVMGA]
[The K is the pyridoxal-P attachment site]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in Swiss-Prot: 17.
-Note: Some bacterial L-serine dehydratases - such as those from Escherichia
coli - are iron-sulfur proteins [4] and do not belong to this family.
-Last update: December 2004 / Pattern and text revised.
[ 1] Ogawa H., Gomi T., Konishi K., Date T., Nakashima H., Nose K.,
Matsuda Y., Peraino C., Pitot H.C., Fujioka M.
"Human liver serine dehydratase. cDNA cloning and sequence homology
with hydroxyamino acid dehydratases from other sources."
J. Biol. Chem. 264:15818-15823(1989).
PubMed=2674117
[ 2] Datta P., Goss T.J., Omnaas J.R., Patil R.V.
"Covalent structure of biodegradative threonine dehydratase of
Escherichia coli: homology with other dehydratases."
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:393-397(1987).
PubMed=3540965
[ 3] Parsot C.
"Evolution of biosynthetic pathways: a common ancestor for threonine
synthase, threonine dehydratase and D-serine dehydratase."
EMBO J. 5:3013-3019(1986).
PubMed=3098560
[ 4] Grabowski R., Hofmeister A.E.M., Buckel W.
"Bacterial L-serine dehydratases: a new family of enzymes containing
iron-sulfur clusters."
Trends Biochem. Sci. 18:297-300(1993).
PubMed=8236444
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{END}
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