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Contract
Pre-conditions, post-conditions, and invariants for Python code.
Quick Start
===========
Installation
------------
After unpacking the source distribution, install this in your site-
specific Python extension directory::
python setup.py build
[sudo] python setup.py install
Document your code with contracts
---------------------------------
Docstrings for modules and classes can have inv: statements,
docstrings for functions and methods can have pre: and post:
statements. Example::
class test:
"""Test class.
inv: 0 <= self.len < 512
"""
def pop(self, a):
"""Remove element.
pre:
self.len > 0
post[self.len]:
self.len == __old__.self.len - 1
"""
Enable Contract Checking
------------------------
To enable run-time checking of the contracts, use the contract.checkmod
function. For example, at the very end of mymodule.py::
import contract, mymodule
contract.checkmod(mymodule)
Description
===========
Contract enforces high-level assertions placed in docstrings. Modules
and classes can have invariants: expressions that must be true on
entry and exit to public functions. Methods and functions can have
pre-conditions, which must be true on entry; and post-conditions,
which must be true on exit.
Example::
def mid(a, b):
"""The midpoint between two numbers.
pre:
operator.isNumberType(a)
operator.isNumberType(b)
post:
__return__ == a/2 + b/2
"""
return (a + b) / 2
When Python is running in non-optimized mode (with no -O command line
argument) and the module has had contract checking enabled, the two
expressions 'operator.isNumberType(a)' and 'operator.isNumberType(b)'
are tested every time the mid function is called. These are
pre-conditions. If either expression isn't true, an assertion is
raised.
The expression '__return__ == a/b + b/2' is tested after the function
returns. If this expression is false, an assertion is raised.
When Python is running in optimized mode, the checks are disabled.
To enable contract checking, use the contract.checkmod function.
Example::
if __name__ == '__main__':
import contract, doctest, mid
contract.checkmod(mid) # <--
doctest.testmod(mid)
For more information, please see the Python Contract specification
pep-0316.txt
License: Python Software Foundation License
Terence Way terry@wayforward.net
http://www.wayforward.net/pycontract/
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