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=====================
Generic display views
=====================
The two following generic class-based views are designed to display data. On
many projects they are typically the most commonly used views.
``DetailView``
==============
.. class:: django.views.generic.detail.DetailView
While this view is executing, ``self.object`` will contain the object that
the view is operating upon.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
This view inherits methods and attributes from the following views:
* :class:`django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.detail.BaseDetailView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Method Flowchart**
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.setup()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.dispatch()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.http_method_not_allowed()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin.get_template_names()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin.get_slug_field()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin.get_queryset()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin.get_object()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin.get_context_object_name()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin.get_context_data()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.detail.BaseDetailView.get`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin.render_to_response()`
**Example myapp/views.py**::
from django.utils import timezone
from django.views.generic.detail import DetailView
from articles.models import Article
class ArticleDetailView(DetailView):
model = Article
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['now'] = timezone.now()
return context
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.urls import path
from article.views import ArticleDetailView
urlpatterns = [
path('<slug:slug>/', ArticleDetailView.as_view(), name='article-detail'),
]
**Example myapp/article_detail.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<h1>{{ object.headline }}</h1>
<p>{{ object.content }}</p>
<p>Reporter: {{ object.reporter }}</p>
<p>Published: {{ object.pub_date|date }}</p>
<p>Date: {{ now|date }}</p>
.. class:: django.views.generic.detail.BaseDetailView
A base view for displaying a single object. It is not intended to be used
directly, but rather as a parent class of the
:class:`django.views.generic.detail.DetailView` or other views representing
details of a single object.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
This view inherits methods and attributes from the following views:
* :class:`django.views.generic.detail.SingleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Methods**
.. method:: get(request, *args, **kwargs)
Adds ``object`` to the context.
``ListView``
============
.. class:: django.views.generic.list.ListView
A page representing a list of objects.
While this view is executing, ``self.object_list`` will contain the list of
objects (usually, but not necessarily a queryset) that the view is
operating upon.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
This view inherits methods and attributes from the following views:
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectTemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.BaseListView`
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Method Flowchart**
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.setup()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.dispatch()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.View.http_method_not_allowed()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin.get_template_names()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin.get_queryset()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin.get_context_object_name()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin.get_context_data()`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.list.BaseListView.get`
#. :meth:`~django.views.generic.base.TemplateResponseMixin.render_to_response()`
**Example views.py**::
from django.utils import timezone
from django.views.generic.list import ListView
from articles.models import Article
class ArticleListView(ListView):
model = Article
paginate_by = 100 # if pagination is desired
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['now'] = timezone.now()
return context
**Example myapp/urls.py**::
from django.urls import path
from article.views import ArticleListView
urlpatterns = [
path('', ArticleListView.as_view(), name='article-list'),
]
**Example myapp/article_list.html**:
.. code-block:: html+django
<h1>Articles</h1>
<ul>
{% for article in object_list %}
<li>{{ article.pub_date|date }} - {{ article.headline }}</li>
{% empty %}
<li>No articles yet.</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
If you're using pagination, you can adapt the :ref:`example template from
the pagination docs <using-paginator-in-view>`. Change instances of
``contacts`` in that example template to ``page_obj``.
.. class:: django.views.generic.list.BaseListView
A base view for displaying a list of objects. It is not intended to be used
directly, but rather as a parent class of the
:class:`django.views.generic.list.ListView` or other views representing
lists of objects.
**Ancestors (MRO)**
This view inherits methods and attributes from the following views:
* :class:`django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin`
* :class:`django.views.generic.base.View`
**Methods**
.. method:: get(request, *args, **kwargs)
Adds ``object_list`` to the context. If
:attr:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin.allow_empty`
is True then display an empty list. If
:attr:`~django.views.generic.list.MultipleObjectMixin.allow_empty` is
False then raise a 404 error.
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