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Math Conversion Tests
=====================
.. default-role:: math
Math alphabet / Mathvariant
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
TeX's *math alphabet* macros change font features of (some) letters and
digits. Non-alphanumerical symbols, function names, and mathematical text
are left unchanged.
:default: `V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}`
:mathrm: `\mathrm{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathbf: `\mathbf{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathit: `\mathit{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathbfit: `\mathbfit{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathbb: `\mathbb{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathcal: `\mathcal{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathscr: `\mathscr{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathfrak: `\mathfrak{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathsf: `\mathsf{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathsfit: `\mathsfit{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathsfbfit: `\mathsfbfit{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathbfsfit: `\mathbfsfit{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
:mathtt: `\mathtt{V_R x \pm \cos(\alpha_\text{out}) \approx 3 \Gamma
\quad \forall x \in \mathbb{R}}`
MathML 4 defines the *mathvariant* `style attribute`_, in MathML core,
characters from the `Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols`_ Unicode block
are used.
The mathvariants *bold-script*, *bold-fraktur*, and *sans-bold* are
rarely used. They are currently not supported by Docutils's native MathML
output. In LaTeX, ``\mathbfscr`` and ``\mathbffrac`` is supported by the
`mathalpha`_ package.
Bold variants of any symbol can be achieved in combination with the
``\boldsymbol`` command, e.g.
:bold-fraktur: `\boldsymbol{\mathfrak{V_R x}}`
Note, that ``\boldsymbol`` emboldens also non-alphanumerical symbols.
Complex Example
"""""""""""""""
From the baskervaldx_ package documentation:
Simplest form of the *Central Limit Theorem*:
Let `X_1, X_2,\cdots` be a sequence of iid random variables with mean `0`
and variance `1` on a probability space `(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\mathbb{P})`.
Then
.. math:: \mathbb{P}\left(\frac{X_1+\cdots+X_n}{\sqrt{n}} \le y\right)
\to\mathfrak{N}(y)
\coloneq \int_{-\infty}^y
\frac{\mathrm{e}^{-t^2/2}}{\sqrt{2\mathrm{\pi}}}\, \mathrm{d}t
\quad\mbox{as $n\to\infty$,}
or, equivalently, letting `S_n\coloneq\sum_1^n X_k`,
.. math:: \mathbb{E} f\left(S_n/\sqrt{n}\right)
\to \int_{-\infty}^\infty f(t)
\frac{\mathrm{e}^{-t^2/2}}{\sqrt{2\mathrm{\pi}}}\, \mathrm{d}t
\quad\mbox{as $n\to\infty$,
for every $f\in\mathrm{b} \mathcal{C}(\mathbb{R})$.}
Inferred <mrow>s in MathML
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The elements <msqrt>, <mstyle>, <merror>, <mpadded>, <mphantom>, <menclose>,
<mtd>, <mscarry>, and <math> treat their contents as a single inferred mrow
formed from all their children.
.. math:: a = \sqrt 2 + x,\quad
b = \sqrt{1+x^2},\quad
c = \sqrt\frac{\sin(x)}{23},
inline: :math:`a = \sqrt 2 + x, b = \sqrt{1+x^2}, c = \sqrt\frac{\sin(x)}{23}`.
Scripts and Limits
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Accents should be nearer to the base:
`\bar a \overline a, \bar l \overline l, \bar i \overline i`,
`\vec{r}` `\overrightarrow{r}`.
Sub- and superscript may be given in any order:
`x_i^j = x^j_i` and `\int_0^1 = \int^1_0`.
Double exponent: `x^{10^4}`, `r_{T_\mathrm{in}}` and `x_i^{n^2}`.
Nested groups
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
tex-token returns "{" for nested groups:
.. math:: \text{das ist ein {toller} text (unescaped \{ and \} is
ignored by LaTeX)}
Big delimiters and symbols
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Compare automatic sizing with fixed sizes:
.. math: \left( \frac{\frac1x}{\frac{1}{n}}\right) &= \Biggl(\text{Bigg}\Biggr)\\
.. math::
\left( 3 \right)
\left( f(x) \right)
\left( \bar x \right)
\left( \overline x \right)
\left( n_i \right) &= () \\
\left( \underline x \right) &= \bigl(\text{big}\bigr)\\
\left( 3^2 \right)
\left( \sqrt{3} \right)
\left( \sqrt{3^2} \right)
\left( \sum \right)
\left( \bigotimes \right)
\left( \prod \right) &= \Bigl(\text{Big}\Bigr)\\
\left( \frac{3 }{2} \right)
\left( \frac{3^2}{2^4} \right)
\binom{3 }{2}
\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}
\left( \frac{1}{\sqrt 2} \right)
\left( \int \right)
\left( \int_0 \right)
\left( \int^1 \right)
\left( \int_0^1 \right) &= \biggl(\text{bigg}\biggr)\\
\left( \frac{\sqrt 2}{2} \right)
\left( \sum_0 \right)
\left( \sum^1 \right)
\left( \sum_0^1 \right)
\left( \frac{\frac1x}{\frac{1}{n}}\right) &= \Biggl(\text{Bigg}\Biggr)\\
\left( \intop_0 \right)
\left( \intop^1 \right)
\left( \intop_0^1 \right)
And in text:
:`()`: `\left(3 \right)
\left( f(x) \right)
\left( \bar x \right)
\left( \overline x \right)
\left( n_i \right)
\left( \sum \right)
\left( \sum_0 \right)
\left( \prod \right)`
:`\bigl(\text{big}\bigr)`: `\left(\underline x \right)
\left( 3^2 \right)
\binom{3}{2}
\left(\begin{smallmatrix} a & b \\
c & d \end{smallmatrix} \right)
\left( \bigotimes \right)`
:`\Bigl(\text{Big}\Bigr)`: `\left(\sqrt{3} \right)
\left( \sqrt{3^2} \right)
\left( \frac{3}{2} \right)
\left( \frac{3^2}{2^4} \right)
\left( \frac{\sqrt 2}{2} \right)
\left( \int \right)
\left( \int_0 \right)
\left( \int^1 \right)
\left( \int_0^1 \right)
\left( \sum^1 \right)
\left( \sum_0^1 \right)
\left( \frac{\frac1x}{\frac{1}{n}}\right)`
Test ``\left``, ``\right``, and the \bigl/\bigr, … size commands
with all extensible delimiters.
pairing:
.. math::
\left.( b \right) \ \bigl( b \Bigr) \ \biggl( b \Biggr)
\quad
\left.[ b \right] \ \bigl[ b \Bigr] \ \biggl[ b \Biggr]
\quad
\left.\{ b \right\} \ \bigl\{ b \Bigr\} \ \biggl\{ b \Biggr\}
\quad
\left.\langle b \right\rangle \ \bigl\langle b \Bigr\rangle \ \biggl\langle b \Biggr\rangle
\left.\lceil b \right\rceil \ \bigl\lceil b \Bigr\rceil \ \biggl\lceil b \Biggr\rceil
\quad
\left.\lfloor b \right\rfloor \ \bigl\lfloor b \Bigr\rfloor \ \biggl\lfloor b \Biggr\rfloor
\quad
\left.\lvert b \right\rvert \ \bigl\lvert b \Bigr\rvert \ \biggl\lvert b \Biggr\rvert
\quad
\left.\lVert b \right\rVert \ \bigl\lVert b \Bigr\rVert \ \biggl\lVert b \Biggr\rVert
\left.\lgroup b \right\rgroup \ \bigl\lgroup b \Bigr\rgroup \ \biggl\lgroup b \Biggr\rgroup
\quad
\left.\lmoustache b \right\rmoustache \ \bigl\lmoustache b \Bigr\rmoustache \ \biggl\lmoustache b \Biggr\rmoustache
\quad
\left./ b \right\backslash \ \bigl/ b \Bigr\backslash \ \biggl/ b \Biggr\backslash
non-pairing:
.. math::
\left.| b \right| \ \bigl| b \Bigr| \ \biggl| b \Biggr|
\quad
\left.\vert b \right\vert \ \bigl\vert b \Bigr\vert \ \biggl\vert b \Biggr\vert
\quad
\left.\| b \right\| \ \bigl\| b \Bigr\| \ \biggl\| b \Biggr\|
\quad
\left.\Vert b \right\Vert \ \bigl\Vert b \Bigr\Vert \ \biggl\Vert b \Biggr\Vert
\left.\arrowvert b \right\arrowvert \ \bigl\arrowvert b \Bigr\arrowvert \ \biggl\arrowvert b \Biggr\arrowvert
\quad
\left.\Arrowvert b \right\Arrowvert \ \bigl\Arrowvert b \Bigr\Arrowvert \ \biggl\Arrowvert b \Biggr\Arrowvert
\quad
\left.\bracevert b \right\bracevert \ \bigl\bracevert b \Bigr\bracevert \ \biggl\bracevert b \Biggr\bracevert
Variable-sized operators:
Inline: `\int\ \iint\ \iiint\ \iiiint\ \idotsint \oint\ \smallint\
\sum\ \prod\ \coprod\ \bigwedge\ \bigvee\ \bigcap\ \bigcup\ \biguplus\
\bigsqcup\ \bigodot\ \bigoplus\ \bigotimes` and Display:
.. math:: \int\ \iint\ \iiint\ \iiiint\ \idotsint\ \oint\ \smallint\
\sum\ \prod\ \coprod\ \bigwedge\ \bigvee\ \bigcap\ \bigcup\
\biguplus\ \bigsqcup\ \bigodot\ \bigoplus\ \bigotimes
.. math:: \int_1 f\ \intop_1 f\ \iint_1 f\ \smallint_1 f\ \sum_1\
\prod_1\ \bigwedge_1\ \bigcap_1\ \biguplus_1\ \bigodot_1\ \int^N\
\intop^N\ \iiiint^N\ \oint^N\ \smallint^N\ \sum^N\ \coprod^N\
\bigvee^N\ \bigcup^N\ \bigsqcup^N\ \bigotimes^N
.. math:: \int_1^N\ \intop_1^N\ \iint_1^N\ \iiint_1^N\ \iiiint_1^N\
\idotsint_1^N\ \oint_1^N\ \smallint_1^N\ \sum_1^N\ \prod_1^N\
\coprod_1^N\ \bigwedge_1^N\ \bigvee_1^N\ \bigcap_1^N\ \bigcup_1^N
\ \biguplus_1^N\ \bigsqcup_1^N\ \bigodot_1^N\ \bigoplus_1^N\
\bigotimes_1^N
Text
~~~~
The text may contain non-ASCII characters: `n_\text{Stoß}`.
Some text-mode LaTeX commands are supported with math_output_ "html".
In other output formats, use literal Unicode: `\text{ç é è ë ê ñ ů ž ©}`
to get the result of the accent macros
`\text{\c{c} \'e \`e \"e \^e \~n \r{u} \v{z} \textcircled{c}}`.
.. _math_output:
https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/user/config.html#math-output
.. _style attribute: https://www.w3.org/TR/mathml4/#presm_commatt
.. _Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols:
http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1EE00.pdf
.. _mathalpha: https://www.ctan.org/pkg/mathalpha
.. _baskervaldx: https://www.ctan.org/pkg/baskervaldx
|
