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External references
===================
Long URLs should be wrapped in the PDF. This can be achieved with the
``\url`` command which is used by the LaTeX writer whenever the content
(name) of a reference node equals the link URL.
Example:
a long URL that should wrap in the output
https://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/user/latex.html#id79
If the argument contains any "%", "#", or "^^", or ends with ``\``, it can't
be used in the argument to another command. The argument must not contain
unbalanced braces.
The characters ^, {, }, and ``\`` are invalid in a "http:" or "ftp:" URL
and not recognized as part of it:
| http://www.example.org/strange^^name
| http://www.example.org\\using\\DOS\\paths\\
| http://www.example.org/XML/strange{n}ame
They can, however be used in paths and/or filenames.
Handling by the LaTeX writer:
* ``#``, ``\`` and ``%`` are escaped:
| `URL with # <http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema#dev>`__
http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema#dev
| `URL with % <http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema%dev>`__
http://example.org/Schema%dev
| `file with DOS path`__ `A:DOS\\path\\`__
.. note:: These URLs are typeset inside a LaTeX command without error.
| http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema#dev
| http://example.org/Schema%dev
| `A:DOS\\path\\`__
__
__
__ A:DOS\\path\\
* ``^^`` LaTeX's special syntax for characters results in "strange" replacements
(both with ``\href`` and ``\url``). The writer emits a warning.
`file with ^^ <../strange^^name>`__:
`<../strange^^name>`__
* Unbalanced braces, { or }, will fail (both with ``\href`` and ``\url``)::
`file with { <../strange{name>`__
`<../strange{name>`__
while balanced braces are suported:
| `<../strange{n}ame>`__
| `<../st{r}ange{n}ame>`__
| `<../{st{r}ange{n}ame}>`__
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