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Styles
======
.. toctree::
:titlesonly:
styles
style
paragraph-style
character-style
latent-styles
Word supports the definition of *styles* to allow a group of formatting
properties to be easily and consistently applied to a paragraph, run, table,
or numbering scheme, all at once. The mechanism is similar to how Cascading
Style Sheets (CSS) works with HTML.
Styles are defined in the ``styles.xml`` package part and are keyed to
a paragraph, run, or table using the `styleId` string.
Style visual behavior
---------------------
* **Sort order.** Built-in styles appear in order of the effective value of
their `uiPriority` attribute. By default, a custom style will not receive
a `uiPriority` attribute, causing its effective value to default to 0. This
will generlly place custom styles at the top of the sort order. A set of
styles having the same `uiPriority` value will be sub-sorted in
alphabetical order.
If a `uiPriority` attribute is defined for a custom style, that style is
interleaved with the built-in styles, according to their `uiPriority`
value. The `uiPriority` attribute takes a signed integer, and accepts
negative numbers. Note that Word does not allow the use of negative
integers via its UI; rather it allows the `uiPriority` number of built-in
types to be increased to produce the desired sorting behavior.
* **Identification.** A style is identified by its name, not its styleId
attribute. The styleId is used only for internal linking of an object like
a paragraph to a style. The styleId may be changed by the application, and
in fact is routinely changed by Word on each save to be a transformation of
the name.
*Hypothesis.* Word calculates the `styleId` by removing all spaces from the
style name.
* **List membership.** There are four style list options in the styles panel:
+ *Recommended.* The recommended list contains all latent and defined
styles that have `semiHidden` == |False|.
+ *Styles in Use.* The styles-in-use list contains all styles that have
been applied to content in the document (implying they are defined) that
also have `semiHidden` == |False|.
+ *In Current Document.* The in-current-document list contains all defined
styles in the document having `semiHidden` == |False|.
+ *All Styles.* The all-styles list contains all latent and defined
styles in the document.
* **Definition of built-in style.** When a built-in style is added to
a document (upon first use), the value of each of the `locked`,
`uiPriority` and `qFormat` attributes from its latent style definition (the
`latentStyles` attributes overridden by those of any `lsdException`
element) is used to override the corresponding value in the inserted style
definition from their built-in defaults.
* Each built-in style has default attributes that can be revealed by setting
the `latentStyles/@count` attribute to 0 and inspecting the style in the
style manager. This may include default behavioral properties.
* Anomaly. Style "No Spacing" does not appear in the recommended list even
though its behavioral attributes indicate it should. (Google indicates it
may be a legacy style from Word 2003).
* Word has 267 built-in styles, listed here:
http://www.thedoctools.com/downloads/DocTools_List_Of_Built-in_Style_English_Danish_German_French.pdf
Note that at least one other sources has the number at 276 rather than 267.
* **Appearance in the Style Gallery.** A style appears in the style gallery
when: `semiHidden` == |False| and `qFormat` == |True|
Glossary
--------
built-in style
One of a set of standard styles known to Word, such as "Heading 1".
Built-in styles are presented in Word's style panel whether or not they
are actually defined in the styles part.
latent style
A built-in style having no definition in a particular document is known
as a *latent style* in that document.
style definition
A ``<w:style>`` element in the styles part that explicitly defines the
attributes of a style.
recommended style list
A list of styles that appears in the styles toolbox or panel when
"Recommended" is selected from the "List:" dropdown box.
Word behavior
-------------
If no style having an assigned style id is defined in the styles part, the
style application has no effect.
Word does not add a formatting definition (``<w:style>`` element) for a
built-in style until it is used.
Once present in the styles part, Word does not remove a built-in style
definition if it is no longer applied to any content. The definition of each
of the styles ever used in a document are accumulated in its ``styles.xml``.
Related MS API *(partial)*
--------------------------
* Document.Styles
* Styles.Add, .Item, .Count, access by name, e.g. Styles("Foobar")
* Style.BaseStyle
* Style.Builtin
* Style.Delete()
* Style.Description
* Style.Font
* Style.Linked
* Style.LinkStyle
* Style.LinkToListTemplate()
* Style.ListLevelNumber
* Style.ListTemplate
* Style.Locked
* Style.NameLocal
* Style.NameParagraphStyle
* Style.NoSpaceBetweenParagraphsOfSameStyle
* Style.ParagraphFormat
* Style.Priority
* Style.QuickStyle
* Style.Shading
* Style.Table(Style)
* Style.Type
* Style.UnhideWhenUsed
* Style.Visibility
Enumerations
------------
* WdBuiltinStyle
Example XML
-----------
.. highlight:: xml
::
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' standalone='yes'?>
<w:styles
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships"
xmlns:w14="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2010/wordml"
xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main"
mc:Ignorable="w14"
>
<w:docDefaults>
<w:rPrDefault>
<w:rPr>
<w:rFonts w:asciiTheme="minorHAnsi" w:eastAsiaTheme="minorEastAsia"
w:hAnsiTheme="minorHAnsi" w:cstheme="minorBidi"/>
<w:sz w:val="24"/>
<w:szCs w:val="24"/>
<w:lang w:val="en-US" w:eastAsia="en-US" w:bidi="ar-SA"/>
</w:rPr>
</w:rPrDefault>
<w:pPrDefault/>
</w:docDefaults>
<w:latentStyles w:defLockedState="0" w:defUIPriority="99" w:defSemiHidden="1"
w:defUnhideWhenUsed="1" w:defQFormat="0" w:count="276">
<w:lsdException w:name="Normal" w:semiHidden="0" w:uiPriority="0"
w:unhideWhenUsed="0" w:qFormat="1"/>
<w:lsdException w:name="heading 1" w:semiHidden="0" w:uiPriority="9"
w:unhideWhenUsed="0" w:qFormat="1"/>
<w:lsdException w:name="heading 2" w:uiPriority="9" w:qFormat="1"/>
<w:lsdException w:name="Default Paragraph Font" w:uiPriority="1"/>
</w:latentStyles>
<w:style w:type="paragraph" w:default="1" w:styleId="Normal">
<w:name w:val="Normal"/>
<w:qFormat/>
</w:style>
<w:style w:type="character" w:default="1" w:styleId="DefaultParagraphFont">
<w:name w:val="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:uiPriority w:val="1"/>
<w:semiHidden/>
<w:unhideWhenUsed/>
</w:style>
<w:style w:type="table" w:default="1" w:styleId="TableNormal">
<w:name w:val="Normal Table"/>
<w:uiPriority w:val="99"/>
<w:semiHidden/>
<w:unhideWhenUsed/>
<w:tblPr>
<w:tblInd w:w="0" w:type="dxa"/>
<w:tblCellMar>
<w:top w:w="0" w:type="dxa"/>
<w:left w:w="108" w:type="dxa"/>
<w:bottom w:w="0" w:type="dxa"/>
<w:right w:w="108" w:type="dxa"/>
</w:tblCellMar>
</w:tblPr>
</w:style>
<w:style w:type="numbering" w:default="1" w:styleId="NoList">
<w:name w:val="No List"/>
<w:uiPriority w:val="99"/>
<w:semiHidden/>
<w:unhideWhenUsed/>
</w:style>
<w:style w:type="paragraph" w:customStyle="1" w:styleId="Foobar">
<w:name w:val="Foobar"/>
<w:qFormat/>
<w:rsid w:val="004B54E0"/>
</w:style>
</w:styles>
Schema excerpt
--------------
::
<xsd:complexType name="CT_Styles">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="docDefaults" type="CT_DocDefaults" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="latentStyles" type="CT_LatentStyles" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="style" type="CT_Style" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="CT_DocDefaults">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="rPrDefault" type="CT_RPrDefault" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="pPrDefault" type="CT_PPrDefault" minOccurs="0"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="CT_LatentStyles">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="lsdException" type="CT_LsdException" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="defLockedState" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="defUIPriority" type="ST_DecimalNumber"/>
<xsd:attribute name="defSemiHidden" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="defUnhideWhenUsed" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="defQFormat" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="count" type="ST_DecimalNumber"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="CT_Style">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="name" type="CT_String" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="aliases" type="CT_String" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="basedOn" type="CT_String" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="next" type="CT_String" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="link" type="CT_String" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="autoRedefine" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="hidden" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="uiPriority" type="CT_DecimalNumber" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="semiHidden" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="unhideWhenUsed" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="qFormat" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="locked" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="personal" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="personalCompose" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="personalReply" type="CT_OnOff" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="rsid" type="CT_LongHexNumber" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="pPr" type="CT_PPrGeneral" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="rPr" type="CT_RPr" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="tblPr" type="CT_TblPrBase" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="trPr" type="CT_TrPr" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="tcPr" type="CT_TcPr" minOccurs="0"/>
<xsd:element name="tblStylePr" type="CT_TblStylePr" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="type" type="ST_StyleType"/>
<xsd:attribute name="styleId" type="s:ST_String"/>
<xsd:attribute name="default" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="customStyle" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="CT_LsdException">
<xsd:attribute name="name" type="s:ST_String" use="required"/>
<xsd:attribute name="locked" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="uiPriority" type="ST_DecimalNumber"/>
<xsd:attribute name="semiHidden" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="unhideWhenUsed" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
<xsd:attribute name="qFormat" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="CT_OnOff">
<xsd:attribute name="val" type="s:ST_OnOff"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:complexType name="CT_String">
<xsd:attribute name="val" type="s:ST_String" use="required"/>
</xsd:complexType>
<xsd:simpleType name="ST_OnOff">
<xsd:union memberTypes="xsd:boolean ST_OnOff1"/>
</xsd:simpleType>
<xsd:simpleType name="ST_OnOff1">
<xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
<xsd:enumeration value="on"/>
<xsd:enumeration value="off"/>
</xsd:restriction>
</xsd:simpleType>
<xsd:simpleType name="ST_StyleType">
<xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
<xsd:enumeration value="paragraph"/>
<xsd:enumeration value="character"/>
<xsd:enumeration value="table"/>
<xsd:enumeration value="numbering"/>
</xsd:restriction>
</xsd:simpleType>
|
