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<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="">What&#8217;s New</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-15-0-2015-07-25">What&#8217;s new in version 0.15.0 (2015-07-25)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-14-3-2014-12-15">What&#8217;s new in version 0.14.3 (2014-12-15)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-14-1-2014-10-02">What&#8217;s new in version 0.14.1 (2014-10-02)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="compatible_idioms.html#setup">Setup</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imports.html#external-standard-library-backports">External standard-library backports</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imports.html#using-python-2-only-dependencies-on-python-3">Using Python 2-only dependencies on Python 3</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imports.html#should-i-import-unicode-literals">Should I import unicode_literals?</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imports.html#benefits">Benefits</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="imports.html#others-perspectives">Others&#8217; perspectives</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="imports.html#next-steps">Next steps</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html">What else you need to know</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#bytes">bytes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#str">str</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#dict">dict</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#memory-efficiency-and-alternatives">Memory-efficiency and alternatives</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#int">int</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#isinstance">isinstance</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#passing-data-to-from-python-2-libraries">Passing data to/from Python 2 libraries</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#native-string-type">Native string type</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#open">open()</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#custom-str-methods">Custom __str__ methods</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="what_else.html#binding-a-method-to-a-class">Binding a method to a class</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html">Automatic conversion to Py2/3</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#futurize-py2-to-py2-3"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">futurize</span></code>: Py2 to Py2/3</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#stage-1-safe-fixes">Stage 1: &#8220;safe&#8221; fixes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#stage-2-py3-style-code-with-wrappers-for-py2">Stage 2: Py3-style code with wrappers for Py2</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#separating-text-from-bytes">Separating text from bytes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#post-conversion">Post-conversion</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#futurize-quick-start-guide"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">futurize</span></code> quick-start guide</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#step-1-modern-py2-code">Step 1: modern Py2 code</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#step-2-working-py3-code-that-still-supports-py2">Step 2: working Py3 code that still supports Py2</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#pasteurize-py3-to-py2-3"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pasteurize</span></code>: Py3 to Py2/3</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="automatic_conversion.html#known-limitations">Known limitations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#who-is-this-for">Who is this for?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#why-upgrade-to-python-3">Why upgrade to Python 3?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#porting-philosophy">Porting philosophy</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#why-write-python-3-style-code">Why write Python 3-style code?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#can-t-i-just-roll-my-own-py2-3-compatibility-layer">Can&#8217;t I just roll my own Py2/3 compatibility layer?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#what-inspired-this-project">What inspired this project?</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#maturity">Maturity</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#how-well-has-it-been-tested">How well has it been tested?</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#is-the-api-stable">Is the API stable?</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="faq.html#relationship-between-python-future-and-other-compatibility-tools">Relationship between python-future and other compatibility tools</a><ul>
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  <div class="section" id="what-s-new">
<span id="whats-new"></span><h1>What&#8217;s New<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="section" id="what-s-new-in-version-0-15-0-2015-07-25">
<span id="whats-new-0-14-x"></span><h2>What&#8217;s new in version 0.15.0 (2015-07-25)<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-15-0-2015-07-25" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This release fixes compatibility bugs with CherryPy&#8217;s Py2/3 compat layer and
the latest version of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib3</span></code> package. It also adds some additional
backports for Py2.6 and Py2.7 from Py3.4&#8217;s standard library.</p>
<p>New features:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">install_aliases()</span></code> now exposes full backports of the Py3 urllib submodules
(<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">parse</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">request</span></code> etc.) from <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.backports.urllib</span></code> as submodules
of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib</span></code> on Py2.  This implies, for example, that
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.parse.unquote</span></code> now takes an optional encoding argument as it does
on Py3. This improves compatibility with CherryPy&#8217;s Py2/3 compat layer (issue
#158).</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tkinter.ttk</span></code> support (issue #151)</li>
<li>Backport of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">collections.ChainMap</span></code> (issue #150)</li>
<li>Backport of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">itertools.count</span></code> for Py2.6 (issue #152)</li>
<li>Enable and document support for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">surrogateescape</span></code> error handler for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">newstr</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">newbytes</span></code> objects on Py2.x (issue #116). This feature is currently in alpha.</li>
<li>Add constants to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http.client</span></code> such as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HTTP_PORT</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">BAD_REQUEST</span></code> (issue #137)</li>
<li>Backport of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reprlib.recursive_repr</span></code> to Py2</li>
</ul>
<p>Bug fixes:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Add <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HTTPMessage</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">http.client</span></code>, which is missing from <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">httplib.__all__</span></code> on Python &lt;= 2.7.10. This restores compatibility with the latest <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib3</span></code> package (issue #159, thanks to Waldemar Kornewald)</li>
<li>Expand newint.__divmod__ and newint.__rdivmod__ to fall back to &lt;type &#8216;long&#8217;&gt;
implementations where appropriate (issue #146 - thanks to Matt Bogosian)</li>
<li>Fix newrange slicing for some slice/range combos (issue #132, thanks to Brad Walker)</li>
<li>Small doc fixes (thanks to Michael Joseph and Tim Tröndle)</li>
<li>Improve robustness of test suite against opening .pyc files as text on Py2</li>
<li>Update backports of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Counter</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OrderedDict</span></code> to use the newer
implementations from Py3.4. This fixes <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.copy()</span></code> preserving subclasses etc.</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">futurize</span></code> no longer breaks working Py2 code by changing <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">basestring</span></code> to
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">str</span></code>. Instead it imports the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">basestring</span></code> forward-port from
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">past.builtins</span></code> (issues #127 and #156)</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.utils</span></code>: add <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">string_types</span></code> etc. and update docs (issue #126)</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-s-new-in-version-0-14-3-2014-12-15">
<h2>What&#8217;s new in version 0.14.3 (2014-12-15)<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-14-3-2014-12-15" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is a bug-fix release:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Expose contents of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">thread</span></code> (not <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dummy_thread</span></code>) as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_thread</span></code> on Py2 (issue #124)</li>
<li>Add signed support for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">newint.to_bytes()</span></code> (issue #128)</li>
<li>Fix <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">OrderedDict.clear()</span></code> on Py2.6 (issue #125)</li>
<li>Improve <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">newrange</span></code>: equality and slicing, start/stop/step properties, refactoring (issues #129, #130)</li>
<li>Minor doc updates</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-s-new-in-version-0-14-2-2014-11-21">
<h2>What&#8217;s new in version 0.14.2 (2014-11-21)<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-14-2-2014-11-21" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is a bug-fix release:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Speed up importing of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">past.translation</span></code> (issue #117)</li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">html.escape()</span></code>: replace function with the more robust one from Py3.4</li>
<li>futurize: avoid displacing encoding comments by __future__ imports (issues #97, #10, #121)</li>
<li>futurize: don&#8217;t swallow exit code (issue #119)</li>
<li>Packaging: don&#8217;t forcibly remove the old build dir in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">setup.py</span></code> (issue #108)</li>
<li>Docs: update further docs and tests to refer to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">install_aliases()</span></code> instead of
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">install_hooks()</span></code></li>
<li>Docs: fix <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iteritems</span></code> import error in cheat sheet (issue #120)</li>
<li>Tests: don&#8217;t rely on presence of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">test.test_support</span></code> on Py2 or <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">test.support</span></code> on Py3 (issue #109)</li>
<li>Tests: don&#8217;t override existing <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">PYTHONPATH</span></code> for tests (PR #111)</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-s-new-in-version-0-14-1-2014-10-02">
<h2>What&#8217;s new in version 0.14.1 (2014-10-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-14-1-2014-10-02" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is a minor bug-fix release:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>Docs: add a missing template file for building docs (issue #108)</li>
<li>Tests: fix a bug in error handling while reporting failed script runs (issue #109)</li>
<li>install_aliases(): don&#8217;t assume that the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">test.test_support</span></code> module always
exists on Py2 (issue #109)</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="what-s-new-in-version-0-14-2014-10-02">
<h2>What&#8217;s new in version 0.14 (2014-10-02)<a class="headerlink" href="#what-s-new-in-version-0-14-2014-10-02" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>This is a major new release that offers a cleaner interface for most imports in
Python 2/3 compatible code.</p>
<p>Instead of this interface:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">future.builtins</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">dict</span>

<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">future.standard_library</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">hooks</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">hooks</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">queue</span>
<span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">configparser</span>
<span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">tkinter.dialog</span>
<span class="gp">... </span>    <span class="c"># etc.</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>you can now use the following interface for much Python 2/3 compatible code:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Alias for future.builtins on Py2:</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">builtins</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">dict</span>

<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="c"># Alias for future.moves.* on Py2:</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">queue</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">configparser</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">tkinter.dialog</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">etc</span><span class="o">.</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Notice that the above code will run on Python 3 even without the presence of the
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future</span></code> package. Of the 44 standard library modules that were refactored with
PEP 3108, 30 are supported with direct imports in this manner. (These are listed
here: <a class="reference internal" href="standard_library_imports.html#direct-imports"><span>Direct imports</span></a>.)</p>
<p>The other 14 standard library modules that kept the same top-level names in
Py3.x are not supported with this direct import interface on Py2. These include
the 5 modules in the Py3 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib</span></code> package. These modules are accessible through
the following interface (as well as the interfaces offered in previous versions
of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">python-future</span></code>):</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">future.standard_library</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">install_aliases</span>
<span class="n">install_aliases</span><span class="p">()</span>

<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">collections</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">UserDict</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">UserList</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">UserString</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">dbm.gnu</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">itertools</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">filterfalse</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">zip_longest</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">subprocess</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getoutput</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">getstatusoutput</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sys</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nb">intern</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">test.support</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">urllib.request</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">urlopen</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">urllib.parse</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">urlparse</span>
<span class="c"># etc.</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">collections</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Counter</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">OrderedDict</span>     <span class="c"># backported to Py2.6</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The complete list of packages supported with this interface is here:
<a class="reference internal" href="standard_library_imports.html#list-standard-library-refactored"><span>Aliased imports</span></a>.</p>
<p>For more information on these and other interfaces to the standard library, see
<a class="reference internal" href="standard_library_imports.html#standard-library-imports"><span>Standard library imports</span></a>.</p>
<div class="section" id="bug-fixes">
<h3>Bug fixes<a class="headerlink" href="#bug-fixes" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<ul class="simple">
<li>This release expands the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.moves</span></code> package to include most of the remaining
modules that were moved in the standard library reorganization (PEP 3108).
(Issue #104).</li>
<li>This release also removes the broken <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--doctests_only</span></code> option from the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">futurize</span></code>
and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pasteurize</span></code> scripts for now (issue #103).</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="internal-cleanups">
<h3>Internal cleanups<a class="headerlink" href="#internal-cleanups" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The project folder structure has changed. Top-level packages are now in a
<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">src</span></code> folder and the tests have been moved into a project-level <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">tests</span></code>
folder.</p>
<p>The following deprecated internal modules have been removed (issue #80):</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.utils.encoding</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.utils.six</span></code>.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="deprecations">
<h3>Deprecations<a class="headerlink" href="#deprecations" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
<p>The following internal functions have been deprecated and will be removed in a future release:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.standard_library.scrub_py2_sys_modules</span></code></li>
<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">future.standard_library.scrub_future_sys_modules</span></code></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="previous-versions">
<h2>Previous versions<a class="headerlink" href="#previous-versions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="changelog.html#whats-old"><span>Changes in previous versions</span></a> for versions prior to v0.14.</p>
</div>
</div>


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