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#!/usr/bin/env python
# python-gphoto2 - Python interface to libgphoto2
# http://github.com/jim-easterbrook/python-gphoto2
# Copyright (C) 2015-22 Jim Easterbrook jim@jim-easterbrook.me.uk
#
# This file is part of python-gphoto2.
#
# python-gphoto2 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
# License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# python-gphoto2 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
# Lesser General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
# License along with python-gphoto2. If not, see
# <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""Simple focusing aid - grabs preview images and displays them at full
resolution.
I've written this to work with my Canon EOS 350d, to help me adjust
focus and exposure when using it with a telescope. Many newer cameras
have a 'live preview' mode - this program will need some changes to work
with them.
The focus 'measurement' is simply the rms difference between adjacent
pixels, computed horizontally and vertically. This may well have 'local
maxima' so you need to focus visually first before fine tuning with the
measurement numbers.
The histogram and clipping count are useful when setting exposure.
"""
import io
import locale
import logging
import math
import sys
from PIL import Image, ImageChops, ImageStat
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets, QtGui
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
import gphoto2 as gp
class CameraHandler(QtCore.QObject):
new_image = QtCore.pyqtSignal(object)
def __init__(self):
self.do_next = QtCore.QEvent.registerEventType()
super(CameraHandler, self).__init__()
self.running = False
# initialise camera
self.camera = gp.Camera()
self.camera.init()
# get camera config tree
self.config = self.camera.get_config()
self.old_capturetarget = None
# get the camera model
OK, camera_model = gp.gp_widget_get_child_by_name(
self.config, 'cameramodel')
if OK < gp.GP_OK:
OK, camera_model = gp.gp_widget_get_child_by_name(
self.config, 'model')
if OK >= gp.GP_OK:
self.camera_model = camera_model.get_value()
print('Camera model:', self.camera_model)
else:
print('No camera model info')
self.camera_model = ''
if self.camera_model == 'unknown':
# find the capture size class config item
# need to set this on my Canon 350d to get preview to work at all
OK, capture_size_class = gp.gp_widget_get_child_by_name(
self.config, 'capturesizeclass')
if OK >= gp.GP_OK:
# set value
value = capture_size_class.get_choice(2)
capture_size_class.set_value(value)
# set config
self.camera.set_config(self.config)
else:
# put camera into preview mode to raise mirror
gp.gp_camera_capture_preview(self.camera)
@QtCore.pyqtSlot()
def one_shot(self):
if self.running:
return
if not self._set_config():
return
if self.camera_model == 'unknown':
self._do_preview()
else:
self._do_capture()
@QtCore.pyqtSlot()
def continuous(self):
if self.running:
self.running = False
return
if not self._set_config():
return
self.running = True
self._do_continuous()
@QtCore.pyqtSlot()
def take_photo(self):
if self.running:
return
self._reset_config()
self._do_capture()
def shut_down(self):
self.running = False
self._reset_config()
self.camera.exit()
def event(self, event):
if event.type() != self.do_next:
return super(CameraHandler, self).event(event)
event.accept()
self._do_continuous()
return True
def _do_continuous(self):
if not self.running:
self._reset_config()
return
if self.camera_model == 'unknown':
self._do_preview()
else:
self._do_capture()
# post event to trigger next capture
QtWidgets.QApplication.postEvent(
self, QtCore.QEvent(self.do_next), Qt.LowEventPriority - 1)
def _do_preview(self):
# capture preview image
OK, camera_file = gp.gp_camera_capture_preview(self.camera)
if OK < gp.GP_OK:
print('Failed to capture preview')
self.running = False
return
self._send_file(camera_file)
def _do_capture(self):
# capture actual image
OK, camera_file_path = gp.gp_camera_capture(
self.camera, gp.GP_CAPTURE_IMAGE)
if OK < gp.GP_OK:
print('Failed to capture')
self.running = False
return
camera_file = self.camera.file_get(
camera_file_path.folder, camera_file_path.name,
gp.GP_FILE_TYPE_NORMAL)
self._send_file(camera_file)
def _send_file(self, camera_file):
file_data = camera_file.get_data_and_size()
image = Image.open(io.BytesIO(file_data))
image.load()
self.new_image.emit(image)
def _set_config(self):
# find the capture target item
OK, capture_target = gp.gp_widget_get_child_by_name(
self.config, 'capturetarget')
if OK >= gp.GP_OK:
if self.old_capturetarget is None:
self.old_capturetarget = capture_target.get_value()
choice_count = capture_target.count_choices()
for n in range(choice_count):
choice = capture_target.get_choice(n)
if 'internal' in choice.lower():
# set config
capture_target.set_value(choice)
self.camera.set_config(self.config)
break
# find the image format config item
# camera dependent - 'imageformat' is 'imagequality' on some
OK, image_format = gp.gp_widget_get_child_by_name(
self.config, 'imageformat')
if OK >= gp.GP_OK:
# get current setting
value = image_format.get_value()
# make sure it's not raw
if 'raw' in value.lower():
print('Cannot preview raw images')
return False
return True
def _reset_config(self):
if self.old_capturetarget is not None:
# find the capture target item
OK, capture_target = gp.gp_widget_get_child_by_name(
self.config, 'capturetarget')
if OK >= gp.GP_OK:
# set config
capture_target.set_value(self.old_capturetarget)
self.camera.set_config(self.config)
self.old_capturetarget = None
class ImageWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel):
clicked = QtCore.pyqtSignal(QtCore.QPoint)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.clicked.emit(event.pos())
class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(MainWindow, self).__init__()
self.setWindowTitle("Focus assistant")
self.focus_scale = 1.0
self.zoomed = False
self.q_image = None
# main widget
widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
widget.setLayout(QtWidgets.QGridLayout())
widget.layout().setRowStretch(8, 1)
self.setCentralWidget(widget)
# image display area
self.image_display = QtWidgets.QScrollArea()
self.image_display.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(Qt.ScrollBarAlwaysOn)
self.image_display.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt.ScrollBarAlwaysOn)
self.image_display.setWidget(ImageWidget())
self.image_display.setWidgetResizable(True)
widget.layout().addWidget(self.image_display, 0, 1, 10, 1)
# histogram
self.histogram_display = QtWidgets.QLabel()
self.histogram_display.setPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap(100, 256))
self.histogram_display.pixmap().fill(Qt.white)
widget.layout().addWidget(self.histogram_display, 0, 0)
# focus measurement
widget.layout().addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('Focus:'), 1, 0)
self.focus_display = QtWidgets.QLabel('-, -, -')
widget.layout().addWidget(self.focus_display, 2, 0)
# clipping measurement
widget.layout().addWidget(QtWidgets.QLabel('Clipping:'), 3, 0)
self.clipping_display = QtWidgets.QLabel('-, -, -')
widget.layout().addWidget(self.clipping_display, 4, 0)
# 'single' button
single_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('preview')
single_button.setShortcut('Ctrl+G')
widget.layout().addWidget(single_button, 5, 0)
# 'continuous' button
continuous_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('repeat preview')
continuous_button.setShortcut('Ctrl+R')
widget.layout().addWidget(continuous_button, 6, 0)
# 'take photo' button
take_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('take photo')
widget.layout().addWidget(take_button, 7, 0)
# 'quit' button
quit_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton('quit')
quit_button.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')
widget.layout().addWidget(quit_button, 9, 0)
# create camera handler and run it in a separate thread
self.ch_thread = QtCore.QThread()
self.camera_handler = CameraHandler()
self.camera_handler.moveToThread(self.ch_thread)
self.ch_thread.start()
# connect things up
quit_button.clicked.connect(QtWidgets.qApp.closeAllWindows)
single_button.clicked.connect(self.camera_handler.one_shot)
continuous_button.clicked.connect(self.camera_handler.continuous)
take_button.clicked.connect(self.camera_handler.take_photo)
self.image_display.widget().clicked.connect(self.toggle_zoom)
self.camera_handler.new_image.connect(self.new_image)
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(object)
def new_image(self, image):
w, h = image.size
image_data = image.tobytes('raw', 'RGB')
self.q_image = QtGui.QImage(image_data, w, h, QtGui.QImage.Format_RGB888)
self._draw_image()
# generate histogram and count clipped pixels
histogram = image.histogram()
q_image = QtGui.QImage(100, 256, QtGui.QImage.Format_RGB888)
q_image.fill(Qt.white)
clipping = []
start = 0
for colour in (0xff0000, 0x00ff00, 0x0000ff):
stop = start + 256
band_hist = histogram[start:stop]
max_value = float(1 + max(band_hist))
for x in range(len(band_hist)):
y = float(1 + band_hist[x]) / max_value
y = 98.0 * max(0.0, 1.0 + (math.log10(y) / 5.0))
q_image.setPixel(y, x, colour)
q_image.setPixel(y + 1, x, colour)
clipping.append(band_hist[-1])
start = stop
pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(q_image)
self.histogram_display.setPixmap(pixmap)
self.clipping_display.setText(
', '.join(map(lambda x: '{:d}'.format(x), clipping)))
# measure focus by summing inter-pixel differences
shifted = ImageChops.offset(image, 1, 0)
diff = ImageChops.difference(image, shifted).crop((1, 0, w, h))
stats = ImageStat.Stat(diff)
h_rms = stats.rms
shifted = ImageChops.offset(image, 0, 1)
diff = ImageChops.difference(image, shifted).crop((0, 1, w, h))
stats = ImageStat.Stat(diff)
rms = stats.rms
for n in range(len(rms)):
rms[n] += h_rms[n]
# "auto-ranging" of focus measurement
while self.focus_scale < 1.0e12 and (max(rms) * self.focus_scale) < 1.0:
self.focus_scale *= 10.0
print('+', self.focus_scale)
while self.focus_scale > 1.0e-12 and (max(rms) * self.focus_scale) > 100.0:
self.focus_scale /= 10.0
print('-', self.focus_scale)
self.focus_display.setText(
', '.join(map(lambda x: '{:.2f}'.format(x * self.focus_scale), rms)))
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(QtCore.QPoint)
def toggle_zoom(self, pos):
self.zoomed = not self.zoomed
self._draw_image()
if self.zoomed:
QtWidgets.QApplication.processEvents()
size = self.image_display.viewport().size()
for bar, value in ((self.image_display.horizontalScrollBar(),
float(pos.x()) / float(size.width())),
(self.image_display.verticalScrollBar(),
float(pos.y()) / float(size.height()))):
min_val = bar.minimum()
max_val = bar.maximum()
step = bar.pageStep()
visible = float(step) / float(step + max_val - min_val)
if visible >= 0.99:
continue
value = (value - (visible/ 2.0)) / (1.0 - visible)
bar.setValue(min_val + ((max_val - min_val) * value))
def _draw_image(self):
if not self.q_image:
return
pixmap = QtGui.QPixmap.fromImage(self.q_image)
if not self.zoomed:
pixmap = pixmap.scaled(
self.image_display.viewport().size(),
Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.SmoothTransformation)
self.image_display.widget().setPixmap(pixmap)
def sizeHint(self):
# start off as big as window manager will allow
return QtCore.QSize(4000, 3000)
def closeEvent(self, event):
self.camera_handler.shut_down()
self.ch_thread.quit()
self.ch_thread.wait()
return super(MainWindow, self).closeEvent(event)
if __name__ == "__main__":
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '')
logging.basicConfig(
format='%(levelname)s: %(name)s: %(message)s', level=logging.WARNING)
callback_obj = gp.check_result(gp.use_python_logging())
app = QtWidgets.QApplication([])
main = MainWindow()
main.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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