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Piped output
------------
To directly access the raw results from the Graphviz_ ``dot``
`layout command <DOT command_>`_ as binary :class:`bytes`
or as decoded :class:`str` (for plain-text formats like SVG)
instead of writing to a file, use the :meth:`~.Graph.pipe` method
of your :class:`.Graph` or :class:`.Digraph` object:
.. doctest::
>>> import graphviz
>>> h = graphviz.Graph('hello', format='svg') # doctest: +NO_EXE
>>> h.edge('Hello', 'World')
.. doctest::
>>> doctest_mark_exe() # skip this line
>>> h.pipe(format='pdf')[:4]
b'%PDF'
>>> print(h.pipe(encoding='utf-8')) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE +ELLIPSIS
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE svg
...
</svg>
.. tip::
Because :meth:`~.Graph.pipe` returns the raw ``stdout``
from the layout subprocess by default (:class:`bytes`),
you usually want to decode the return value
when piping into formats like ``'svg'`` or ``'plain'``,
.. caution::
The output for :meth:`~.Graph.pipe` is buffered in memory,
so avoid this method if the data size is large.
.. include:: _links.rst
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