1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
|
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="Pmw - a toolkit for building high-level compound widgets in Python">
<meta name="content" content="python, megawidget, mega widget, compound widget, gui, tkinter">
<title>Pmw.ScrolledFrame reference manual</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#0000ee"
vlink="551a8b" alink="ff0000">
<h1 ALIGN="CENTER">Pmw.ScrolledFrame</h1>
<center><IMG SRC=ScrolledFrame.gif ALT="" WIDTH=404 HEIGHT=174></center>
<dl>
<dt> <h3>Name</h3></dt><dd>
<p>Pmw.ScrolledFrame() -
frame with optional scrollbars
</p>
</dd>
<dt> <h3>Inherits</h3></dt><dd>
<a href="MegaWidget.html">Pmw.MegaWidget</a><br>
</dd>
<dt> <h3>Description</h3></dt><dd>
<p>
A scrolled frame consists of a scrollable interior frame within a
clipping frame. The programmer can create other widgets within
the interior frame. If the frame becomes larger than the
surrounding clipping frame, the user can position the frame using
the horizontal and vertical scrollbars.</p>
<p> The scrollbars can be <em>dynamic</em>, which means that a scrollbar will
only be displayed if it is necessary. That is, if the frame is
smaller than the surrounding clipping frame, the scrollbar will be
hidden.</p>
<p></p>
</dd>
<dt> <h3>Options</h3></dt><dd>
Options for this megawidget and its base
classes are described below.<p></p>
<a name=option.borderframe></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>borderframe
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. If true, the <strong>borderframe</strong> component will be created. The default is <strong>1</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.horizflex></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>horizflex
</strong></dt><dd>
Specifies how the width of the scrollable interior frame should be
resized relative to the clipping frame.</p>
<p> If <strong>'fixed'</strong>, the interior frame is set to the <em>natural</em> width, as
requested by the child widgets of the frame. If <strong>'expand'</strong> and
the requested width of the interior frame is less than the width
of the clipping frame, the interior frame expands to fill the
clipping frame. If <strong>'shrink'</strong> and the requested width of the
interior frame is more than the width of the clipping frame, the
interior frame shrinks to the width of the clipping frame. If
<strong>'elastic'</strong>, the width of the interior frame is always set to the
width of the clipping frame. The default is <strong>'fixed'</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.horizfraction></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>horizfraction
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. The fraction of the width of the clipper frame to scroll the
interior frame when the user clicks on the horizontal scrollbar
arrows. The default is <strong>0.05</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.hscrollmode></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>hscrollmode
</strong></dt><dd>
The horizontal scroll mode. If <strong>'none'</strong>, the horizontal scrollbar
will never be displayed. If <strong>'static'</strong>, the scrollbar will always
be displayed. If <strong>'dynamic'</strong>, the scrollbar will be displayed
only if necessary. The default is <strong>'dynamic'</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.labelmargin></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>labelmargin
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. If the <strong>labelpos</strong> option is not <strong>None</strong>, this specifies the
distance between the <strong>label</strong> component and the rest of the
megawidget. The default is <strong>0</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.labelpos></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>labelpos
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. Specifies where to place the <strong>label</strong> component. If not
<strong>None</strong>, it should be a concatenation of one or two of the
letters <strong>'n'</strong>, <strong>'s'</strong>, <strong>'e'</strong> and <strong>'w'</strong>. The first letter
specifies on which side of the megawidget to place the label.
If a second letter is specified, it indicates where on that
side to place the label. For example, if <strong>labelpos</strong> is <strong>'w'</strong>,
the label is placed in the center of the left hand side; if
it is <strong>'wn'</strong>, the label is placed at the top of the left
hand side; if it is <strong>'ws'</strong>, the label is placed at the
bottom of the left hand side.</p>
<p> If <strong>None</strong>, a label component is not created. The default is <strong>None</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.scrollmargin></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>scrollmargin
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. The distance between the scrollbars and the clipping frame. The default is <strong>2</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.usehullsize></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>usehullsize
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. If true, the size of the megawidget is determined solely by the
width and height options of the <strong>hull</strong> component.</p>
<p> Otherwise, the size of the megawidget is determined by the width
and height of the <strong>clipper</strong> component, along with the size and/or
existence of the other components, such as the label, the
scrollbars and the scrollmargin option. All these affect the
overall size of the megawidget. The default is <strong>0</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.vertflex></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>vertflex
</strong></dt><dd>
Specifies how the height of the scrollable interior frame should
be resized relative to the clipping frame.</p>
<p> If <strong>'fixed'</strong>, the interior frame is set to the <em>natural</em> height,
as requested by the child widgets of the frame. If <strong>'expand'</strong> and
the requested height of the interior frame is less than the height
of the clipping frame, the interior frame expands to fill the
clipping frame. If <strong>'shrink'</strong> and the requested height of the
interior frame is more than the height of the clipping frame, the
interior frame shrinks to the height of the clipping frame. If
<strong>'elastic'</strong>, the height of the interior frame is always set to the
height of the clipping frame. The default is <strong>'fixed'</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.vertfraction></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>vertfraction
</strong></dt><dd>
Initialisation option. The fraction of the height of the clipper frame to scroll the
interior frame when the user clicks on the vertical scrollbar
arrows. The default is <strong>0.05</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=option.vscrollmode></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>vscrollmode
</strong></dt><dd>
The vertical scroll mode. If <strong>'none'</strong>, the vertical scrollbar
will never be displayed. If <strong>'static'</strong>, the scrollbar will always
be displayed. If <strong>'dynamic'</strong>, the scrollbar will be displayed
only if necessary. The default is <strong>'dynamic'</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd>
<dt> <h3>Components</h3></dt><dd>
Components created by this megawidget and its base
classes are described below.<p></p>
<a name=component.borderframe></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>borderframe
</strong></dt><dd>
A frame widget which snuggly fits around the clipper, to give the
appearance of a border. It is created with a border so that the
clipper, which is created without a border, looks like it has a
border. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Frame.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=component.clipper></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>clipper
</strong></dt><dd>
The frame which is used to provide a clipped view of the <strong>frame</strong>
component. If the <strong>borderframe</strong> option is true, this is created
with a borderwidth of <strong>0</strong> to overcome a known problem with using
<code>place</code> to position widgets: if a widget (in this case the
<strong>frame</strong> component) is <code>placed</code> inside a frame (in this case the
<strong>clipper</strong> component) and it extends across one of the edges of the
frame, then the widget obscures the border of the frame.
Therefore, if the clipper has no border, then this overlapping
does not occur. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Frame.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=component.frame></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>frame
</strong></dt><dd>
The frame within the clipper to contain the widgets to be scrolled. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Frame.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=component.horizscrollbar></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>horizscrollbar
</strong></dt><dd>
The horizontal scrollbar. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Scrollbar. Its component group is <strong>Scrollbar</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=component.hull></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>hull
</strong></dt><dd>
This acts as the body for the entire megawidget. Other components
are created as children of the hull to further specialise this
class. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Frame.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=component.label></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>label
</strong></dt><dd>
If the <strong>labelpos</strong> option is not <strong>None</strong>, this component is
created as a text label for the megawidget. See the
<strong>labelpos</strong> option for details. Note that to set, for example,
the <strong>text</strong> option of the label, you need to use the <strong>label_text</strong>
component option. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Label.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=component.vertscrollbar></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>vertscrollbar
</strong></dt><dd>
The vertical scrollbar. By default, this component is a Tkinter.Scrollbar. Its component group is <strong>Scrollbar</strong>.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd>
<a name=methods></a>
<dt> <h3>Methods</h3></dt><dd>
Only methods specific to this megawidget are described below.
For a description of its inherited methods, see the
manual for its base class
<strong><a href="MegaWidget.html#methods">Pmw.MegaWidget</a></strong>.
<p></p>
<a name=method.interior></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>interior</strong>()</dt><dd>
Return the frame within which the programmer may create widgets to
be scrolled. This is the same as <code>component('frame')</code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=method.reposition></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>reposition</strong>()</dt><dd>
Update the position of the <strong>frame</strong> component in the <strong>clipper</strong> and
update the scrollbars.</p>
<p> Usually, this method does not need to be called explicitly, since
the position of the <strong>frame</strong> component and the scrollbars are
automatically updated whenever the size of the <strong>frame</strong> or
<strong>clipper</strong> components change or the user clicks in the scrollbars.
However, if <strong>horizflex</strong> or <strong>vertflex</strong> is <strong>'expand'</strong>, the
megawidget cannot detect when the requested size of the <strong>frame</strong>
increases to greater than the size of the <strong>clipper</strong>. Therefore,
this method should be called when a new widget is added to the
<strong>frame</strong> (or a widget is increased in size) <em>after</em> the initial
megawidget construction.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=method.xview></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>xview</strong>(<em>mode</em> = <strong>None</strong>, <em>value</em> = <strong>None</strong>, <em>units</em> = <strong>None</strong>)</dt><dd>
Query or change the horizontal position of the scrollable interior
frame. If <em>mode</em> is <strong>None</strong>, return a tuple of two numbers, each
between 0.0 and 1.0. The first is the position of the left edge
of the visible region of the contents of the scrolled frame,
expressed as a fraction of the total width of the contents. The
second is the position of the right edge of the visible region.</p>
<p> If <em>mode</em> == <strong>'moveto'</strong>, adjust the view of the interior so that
the fraction <em>value</em> of the total width of the contents is
off-screen to the left. The <em>value</em> must be between <em>0.0</em> and
<em>1.0</em>.</p>
<p> If <em>mode</em> == <strong>'scroll'</strong>, adjust the view of the interior left or
right by a fixed amount. If <em>what</em> is <strong>'units'</strong>, move the view in
units of <strong>horizfraction</strong>. If <em>what</em> is <em>pages</em>, move the view in
units of the width of the scrolled frame. If <em>value</em> is positive,
move to the right, otherwise move to the left.</p>
</dd></dl>
<a name=method.yview></a>
<dl><dt> <strong>yview</strong>(<em>mode</em> = <strong>None</strong>, <em>value</em> = <strong>None</strong>, <em>units</em> = <strong>None</strong>)</dt><dd>
Query or change the vertical position of the scrollable interior
frame. If <em>mode</em> is <strong>None</strong>, return a tuple of two numbers, each
between 0.0 and 1.0. The first is the position of the top edge
of the visible region of the contents of the scrolled frame,
expressed as a fraction of the total height of the contents. The
second is the position of the bottom edge of the visible region.</p>
<p> If <em>mode</em> == <strong>'moveto'</strong>, adjust the view of the interior so that
the fraction <em>value</em> of the total height of the contents is
off-screen to the top. The <em>value</em> must be between <em>0.0</em> and
<em>1.0</em>.</p>
<p> If <em>mode</em> == <strong>'scroll'</strong>, adjust the view of the interior up or
down by a fixed amount. If <em>what</em> is <strong>'units'</strong>, move the view in
units of <strong>vertfraction</strong>. If <em>what</em> is <em>pages</em>, move the view in
units of the height of the scrolled frame. If <em>value</em> is
positive, move to down, otherwise move up.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd>
<dt> <h3>Example</h3></dt><dd>
The image at the top of this manual is a snapshot
of the window (or part of the window) produced
by the following code.<p></p>
<pre>
class Demo:
def __init__(self, parent):
# Create the ScrolledFrame.
self.sf = Pmw.ScrolledFrame(parent,
labelpos = 'n', label_text = 'ScrolledFrame',
usehullsize = 1,
hull_width = 400,
hull_height = 220,
)
# Create a group widget to contain the flex options.
w = Pmw.Group(parent, tag_text='Flex')
w.pack(side = 'bottom', padx = 5, pady = 3)
hflex = Pmw.OptionMenu(w.interior(),
labelpos = 'w',
label_text = 'Horizontal:',
items = ['fixed', 'expand', 'shrink', 'elastic'],
command = self.sethflex,
menubutton_width = 8,
)
hflex.pack(side = 'left', padx = 5, pady = 3)
hflex.invoke('fixed')
vflex = Pmw.OptionMenu(w.interior(),
labelpos = 'w',
label_text = 'Vertical:',
items = ['fixed', 'expand', 'shrink', 'elastic'],
command = self.setvflex,
menubutton_width = 8,
)
vflex.pack(side = 'left', padx = 5, pady = 3)
vflex.invoke('fixed')
# Create a group widget to contain the scrollmode options.
w = Pmw.Group(parent, tag_text='Scroll mode')
w.pack(side = 'bottom', padx = 5, pady = 0)
hmode = Pmw.OptionMenu(w.interior(),
labelpos = 'w',
label_text = 'Horizontal:',
items = ['none', 'static', 'dynamic'],
command = self.sethscrollmode,
menubutton_width = 8,
)
hmode.pack(side = 'left', padx = 5, pady = 3)
hmode.invoke('dynamic')
vmode = Pmw.OptionMenu(w.interior(),
labelpos = 'w',
label_text = 'Vertical:',
items = ['none', 'static', 'dynamic'],
command = self.setvscrollmode,
menubutton_width = 8,
)
vmode.pack(side = 'left', padx = 5, pady = 3)
vmode.invoke('dynamic')
self.radio = Pmw.RadioSelect(parent, selectmode = 'multiple',
command = self.radioSelected)
self.radio.add('center', text = 'Keep centered vertically')
self.radio.pack(side = 'bottom')
buttonBox = Pmw.ButtonBox(parent)
buttonBox.pack(side = 'bottom')
buttonBox.add('add', text = 'Add a button', command = self.addButton)
buttonBox.add('yview', text = 'Show yview', command = self.showYView)
buttonBox.add('scroll', text = 'Page down', command = self.pageDown)
# Pack this last so that the buttons do not get shrunk when
# the window is resized.
self.sf.pack(padx = 5, pady = 3, fill = 'both', expand = 1)
self.frame = self.sf.interior()
self.row = 0
self.col = 0
for count in range(15):
self.addButton()
def sethscrollmode(self, tag):
self.sf.configure(hscrollmode = tag)
def setvscrollmode(self, tag):
self.sf.configure(vscrollmode = tag)
def sethflex(self, tag):
self.sf.configure(horizflex = tag)
def setvflex(self, tag):
self.sf.configure(vertflex = tag)
def addButton(self):
button = Tkinter.Button(self.frame,
text = '(%d,%d)' % (self.col, self.row))
button.grid(row = self.row, column = self.col, sticky = 'nsew')
self.frame.grid_rowconfigure(self.row, weight = 1)
self.frame.grid_columnconfigure(self.col, weight = 1)
if self.sf.cget('horizflex') == 'expand' or \
self.sf.cget('vertflex') == 'expand':
self.sf.reposition()
if 'center' in self.radio.getcurselection():
self.sf.update_idletasks()
self.centerPage()
if self.col == self.row:
self.col = 0
self.row = self.row + 1
else:
self.col = self.col + 1
def showYView(self):
print self.sf.yview()
def pageDown(self):
self.sf.yview('scroll', 1, 'page')
def radioSelected(self, name, state):
if state:
self.centerPage()
def centerPage(self):
# Example of how to use the yview() method of Pmw.ScrolledFrame.
top, bottom = self.sf.yview()
size = bottom - top
middle = 0.5 - size / 2
self.sf.yview('moveto', middle)
</pre>
</dd>
</dl>
<center><P ALIGN="CENTER">
<IMG SRC = blue_line.gif ALT = "" WIDTH=320 HEIGHT=5>
</p></center>
<font size=-1>
<center><P ALIGN="CENTER">
Pmw 1.2 -
5 Aug 2003
- <a href="index.html">Home</a>
<br>Manual page last reviewed: 18 February 2001
</p></center>
</font>
</body>
</html>
|
