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<section id="midi-envelope-py-shaping-the-sound-of-a-midi-synth">
<h1>03-midi-envelope.py - Shaping the sound of a MIDI synth.<a class="headerlink" href="#midi-envelope-py-shaping-the-sound-of-a-midi-synth" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>This program illustrates a classic way of shaping the dynamic of the
sound of a MIDI synthesizer with two MIDI-triggered envelope objects:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>MidiAdsr: a classic Attack - Decay - Sustain - Release envelope.</p></li>
<li><p>MidiDelAdsr: a classic ADSR envelope with a delay added prior the attack.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>We will use these envelopes to control the gain of two parts of the sound.
The first part is an oscillator at the root frequency with a sharp attack.
The second part is a pair of oscillators slightly detuned raising smoothly
after a half-second delay. This gradually introduces beating into the sound.</p>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/alphabetical.html#module-pyo" title="pyo"><span class="nn">pyo</span></a> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>
<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/server.html#pyo.Server" title="pyo.lib.server.Server"><span class="n">s</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/server.html#pyo.Server" title="pyo.lib.server.Server"><span class="n">Server</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setMidiInputDevice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># Open all input devices.</span>
<span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">boot</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># Automatically converts MIDI pitches to frequencies in Hz.</span>
<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">notes</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">Notein</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">notes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keyboard</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># MIDI-triggered ADSR envelope.</span>
<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiAdsr"><span class="n">env1</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiAdsr"><span class="n">MidiAdsr</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">notes</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"velocity"</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">attack</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.005</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decay</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sustain</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">release</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mul</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># MIDI-triggered DADSR envelope (a classic ADSR with an adjustable pre-delay).</span>
<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiDelAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiDelAdsr"><span class="n">env2</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiDelAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiDelAdsr"><span class="n">MidiDelAdsr</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">notes</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"velocity"</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">delay</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">attack</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decay</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sustain</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">release</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mul</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Root frequency appears instantly.</span>
<span class="n">sig1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/generators.html#pyo.RCOsc" title="pyo.lib.generators.RCOsc"><span class="n">RCOsc</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">notes</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"pitch"</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">sharp</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mul</span><span class="o">=</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiAdsr"><span class="n">env1</span></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mix</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mix</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># Small frequency deviations appear smoothly after a half-second delay.</span>
<span class="n">sig2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/generators.html#pyo.RCOsc" title="pyo.lib.generators.RCOsc"><span class="n">RCOsc</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">notes</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"pitch"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mf">0.992</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sharp</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mul</span><span class="o">=</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiDelAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiDelAdsr"><span class="n">env2</span></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mix</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">sig3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/generators.html#pyo.RCOsc" title="pyo.lib.generators.RCOsc"><span class="n">RCOsc</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.Notein" title="pyo.lib.midi.Notein"><span class="n">notes</span></a><span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"pitch"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mf">1.008</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sharp</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mul</span><span class="o">=</span><a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/midi.html#pyo.MidiDelAdsr" title="pyo.lib.midi.MidiDelAdsr"><span class="n">env2</span></a><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mix</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="c1"># Create a stereo signal from the frequency deviations.</span>
<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/internals.html#pyo.Mix" title="pyo.lib._core.Mix"><span class="n">stereo</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/internals.html#pyo.Mix" title="pyo.lib._core.Mix"><span class="n">Mix</span></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="n">sig2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sig3</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">voices</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Sum the signals and apply a global reverberation.</span>
<span class="n">rev</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/effects.html#pyo.WGVerb" title="pyo.lib.effects.WGVerb"><span class="n">WGVerb</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sig1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/internals.html#pyo.Mix" title="pyo.lib._core.Mix"><span class="n">stereo</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">feedback</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cutoff</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">5000</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bal</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.3</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">out</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">gui</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">locals</span><span class="p">())</span>
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