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<section id="midi-out-py-sending-midi-events-from-pyo">
<h1>06-midi-out.py - Sending MIDI events from pyo.<a class="headerlink" href="#midi-out-py-sending-midi-events-from-pyo" title="Permalink to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<p>This program gives an example of how to build an algorithm with python/pyo and
then send MIDI events from the Server to a connected MIDI synthesizer (physical
or virtual).</p>
<p>Available MIDI output methods (see the Server documentation for the details):</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>afterout(pitch, velocity, channel=0, timestamp=0)</p></li>
<li><p>bendout(value, channel=0, timestamp=0)</p></li>
<li><p>ctlout(ctlnum, value, channel=0, timestamp=0)</p></li>
<li><p>makenote(pitch, velocity, duration, channel=0)</p></li>
<li><p>noteout(pitch, velocity, channel=0, timestamp=0)</p></li>
<li><p>pressout(value, channel=0, timestamp=0)</p></li>
<li><p>programout(value, channel=0, timestamp=0)</p></li>
<li><p>sysexout(msg, timestamp=0)</p></li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">random</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/alphabetical.html#module-pyo" title="pyo"><span class="nn">pyo</span></a> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>

<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/functions/midi.html#pyo.pm_list_devices" title="pyo.pm_list_devices"><span class="n">pm_list_devices</span></a><span class="p">()</span>

<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/server.html#pyo.Server" title="pyo.lib.server.Server"><span class="n">s</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/server.html#pyo.Server" title="pyo.lib.server.Server"><span class="n">Server</span></a><span class="p">()</span>

<span class="c1"># Open all MIDI output devices.</span>
<span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setMidiOutputDevice</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">99</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1"># Then boot the Server.</span>
<span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">boot</span><span class="p">()</span>

<span class="c1"># Generates an audio ramp from 36 to 84, from</span>
<span class="c1"># which MIDI pitches will be extracted.</span>
<a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/generators.html#pyo.Phasor" title="pyo.lib.generators.Phasor"><span class="n">pitch</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/generators.html#pyo.Phasor" title="pyo.lib.generators.Phasor"><span class="n">Phasor</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">freq</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mul</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">48</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">add</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">36</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="c1"># Global variable to count the down and up beats.</span>
<span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>


<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">midi_event</span><span class="p">():</span>
    <span class="k">global</span> <span class="n">count</span>
    <span class="c1"># Retrieve the value of the pitch audio stream and convert it to an int.</span>
    <span class="n">pit</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pitch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">())</span>

    <span class="c1"># If the count is 0 (down beat), play a louder and longer event, otherwise</span>
    <span class="c1"># play a softer and shorter one.</span>
    <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="n">vel</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">90</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">110</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="n">dur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">500</span>
    <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
        <span class="n">vel</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">70</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="n">dur</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">125</span>

    <span class="c1"># Increase and wrap the count to generate a 4 beats sequence.</span>
    <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="mi">4</span>

    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"pitch: </span><span class="si">%d</span><span class="s2">, velocity: </span><span class="si">%d</span><span class="s2">, duration: </span><span class="si">%d</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">vel</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dur</span><span class="p">))</span>

    <span class="c1"># The Server's `makenote` method generates a noteon event immediately</span>
    <span class="c1"># and the correponding noteoff event after `duration` milliseconds.</span>
    <span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">makenote</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pitch</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pit</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">velocity</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">vel</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">duration</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dur</span><span class="p">)</span>


<span class="c1"># Generates a MIDI event every 125 milliseconds.</span>
<span class="n">pat</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a class="sphinx-codeautolink-a" href="../../api/classes/pattern.html#pyo.Pattern" title="pyo.lib.pattern.Pattern"><span class="n">Pattern</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">midi_event</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.125</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">play</span><span class="p">()</span>

<span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">gui</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">locals</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre></div>
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