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To Russia With Love
===================
* :ref:`using-socksipy`
* :ref:`using-pycurl`
* :ref:`reading-twitter`
.. _using-socksipy:
Using SocksiPy
--------------
Say it's 1982, the height of the Cold War, and you're a journalist doing a piece on how the Internet looks from behind the Iron Curtain. Ignoring the minor detail that the Internet doesn't yet exist, we'll walk you through how you could do it - no passport required!
The Internet isn't uniform. Localization, censorship, and selective service based on your IP's geographic location can make the Internet a very different place depending on where you're coming from.
Tor relays are scattered all over the world and, as such, you can pretend to be from any place running an exit. This can be especially useful to evade pesky geolocational restrictions, such as news sites that refuse to work while you're traveling abroad.
Tor makes `configuring your exit locale <https://www.torproject.org/docs/faq.html.en#ChooseEntryExit>`_ easy through the **ExitNodes** torrc option. Note that you don't need a control port (or even Stem) to do this, though they can be useful if you later want to do something more elaborate.
In the following example we're using Stem to `start Tor <../api/process.html>`_, then read a site through it with `SocksiPy <http://socksipy.sourceforge.net/>`_. This is not always reliable (some relays are lemons) so you may need to run this more than once.
**Do not rely on the following not to leak.** Though it seems to work there may be edge cases that expose your real IP. If you have a suggestion for how to improve this example then please `let me know <https://www.atagar.com/contact/>`_!
::
import StringIO
import socket
import urllib
import socks # SocksiPy module
import stem.process
from stem.util import term
SOCKS_PORT = 7000
# Set socks proxy and wrap the urllib module
socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, '127.0.0.1', SOCKS_PORT)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
# Perform DNS resolution through the socket
def getaddrinfo(*args):
return [(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM, 6, '', (args[0], args[1]))]
socket.getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo
def query(url):
"""
Uses urllib to fetch a site using SocksiPy for Tor over the SOCKS_PORT.
"""
try:
return urllib.urlopen(url).read()
except:
return "Unable to reach %s" % url
# Start an instance of Tor configured to only exit through Russia. This prints
# Tor's bootstrap information as it starts. Note that this likely will not
# work if you have another Tor instance running.
def print_bootstrap_lines(line):
if "Bootstrapped " in line:
print term.format(line, term.Color.BLUE)
print term.format("Starting Tor:\n", term.Attr.BOLD)
tor_process = stem.process.launch_tor_with_config(
config = {
'SocksPort': str(SOCKS_PORT),
'ExitNodes': '{ru}',
},
init_msg_handler = print_bootstrap_lines,
)
print term.format("\nChecking our endpoint:\n", term.Attr.BOLD)
print term.format(query("https://www.atagar.com/echo.php"), term.Color.BLUE)
tor_process.kill() # stops tor
.. image:: /_static/locale_selection_output.png
.. _using-pycurl:
Using PycURL
------------
Besides SocksiPy, you can also use `PycURL <http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/>`_ to do the same. To do so replace the query() function above with...
::
import pycurl
def query(url):
"""
Uses pycurl to fetch a site using the proxy on the SOCKS_PORT.
"""
output = StringIO.StringIO()
query = pycurl.Curl()
query.setopt(pycurl.URL, url)
query.setopt(pycurl.PROXY, 'localhost')
query.setopt(pycurl.PROXYPORT, SOCKS_PORT)
query.setopt(pycurl.PROXYTYPE, pycurl.PROXYTYPE_SOCKS5)
query.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, output.write)
try:
query.perform()
return output.getvalue()
except pycurl.error as exc:
return "Unable to reach %s (%s)" % (url, exc)
.. _reading-twitter:
Reading Twitter
---------------
Now lets do somthing a little more interesting, and read a Twitter feed over Tor. This can be easily done `using thier API <https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1/get/statuses/user_timeline>`_ (**warning: Twitter has deprecated the API that this example uses,** :trac:`9003`)...
::
import json
import socket
import urllib
import socks # SockiPy module
import stem.process
SOCKS_PORT = 7000
TWITTER_API_URL = "http://api.twitter.com/1/statuses/user_timeline.json?screen_name=%s&count=%i&include_rts=1"
socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, '127.0.0.1', SOCKS_PORT)
socket.socket = socks.socksocket
def poll_twitter_feed(user_id, tweet_count):
"""
Polls Twitter for the tweets from a given user.
"""
api_url = TWITTER_API_URL % (user_id, tweet_count)
try:
api_response = urllib.urlopen(api_url).read()
except:
raise IOError("Unable to reach %s" % api_url)
return json.loads(api_response)
tor_process = stem.process.launch_tor_with_config(
config = {
'SocksPort': str(SOCKS_PORT),
'ExitNodes': '{ru}',
},
)
try:
for index, tweet in enumerate(poll_twitter_feed('ioerror', 3)):
print "%i. %s" % (index + 1, tweet["created_at"])
print tweet["text"]
print
except IOError, exc:
print exc
finally:
tor_process.kill() # stops tor
.. image:: /_static/twitter_output.png
|
