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#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright 2007-2016 The Python-Twitter Developers
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Change History
#
# 2010-05-16
# TinyURL example and the idea for this comes from a bug filed by
# acolorado with patch provided by ghills. Class implementation
# was done by @bear.
#
# Issue #19: http://code.google.com/p/python-twitter/issues/detail?id=19
#
# 2016-02-18
# Updated example with code to demonstrate passing a status message through
# a shortener and then off to PostUpdate. Implemenation by @jeremylow from
# bug filed by @immanuelfactor
#
# Issue #298: https://github.com/bear/python-twitter/issues/298
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# This file demonstrates how to shorten all URLs contained within a Tweet
# by passing the tweet text to a shortener. In this case, we're using TinyURL
# since it does not require any real authentication for our purposes. If you
# are using a different service to shorten URLs, then you will need to modify
# the ShortenURL class to suit your needs.
# Note that this example shortens all URLs contained within the Tweet text.
# To use this example, replace the W/X/Y/Zs with your keys obtained from
# Twitter, or uncomment the lines for getting an environment variable. If you
# are using a virtualenv on Linux, you can set environment variables in the
# ~/VIRTUALENVDIR/bin/activate script.
# If you need assistance with obtaining keys from Twitter, see the instructions
# in doc/getting_started.rst.
import re
try:
from urllib.request import urlopen
except:
from urllib2 import urlopen
from twitter import Api
from twitter.twitter_utils import URL_REGEXP
class ShortenURL(object):
""" A class that defines the default URL Shortener.
TinyURL is provided as the default and as an example helper class to make
URL Shortener calls if/when required. """
def __init__(self,
userid=None,
password=None):
"""Instantiate a new ShortenURL object. TinyURL, which is used for this
example, does not require a userid or password, so you can try this
out without specifying either.
Args:
userid: userid for any required authorization call [optional]
password: password for any required authorization call [optional]
"""
self.userid = userid
self.password = password
def Shorten(self,
long_url):
""" Call TinyURL API and returned shortened URL result.
Args:
long_url: URL string to shorten
Returns:
The shortened URL as a string
Note:
long_url is required and no checks are made to ensure completeness
"""
result = None
f = urlopen("http://tinyurl.com/api-create.php?url={0}".format(
long_url))
try:
result = f.read()
finally:
f.close()
# The following check is required for py2/py3 compatibility, since
# urlopen on py3 returns a bytes-object, and urlopen on py2 returns a
# string.
if isinstance(result, bytes):
return result.decode('utf8')
else:
return result
def _get_api():
# Either specify a set of keys here or use os.getenv('CONSUMER_KEY') style
# assignment:
CONSUMER_KEY = 'WWWWWWWW'
# CONSUMER_KEY = os.getenv("CONSUMER_KEY", None)
CONSUMER_SECRET = 'XXXXXXXX'
# CONSUMER_SECRET = os.getenv("CONSUMER_SECRET", None)
ACCESS_TOKEN = 'YYYYYYYY'
# ACCESS_TOKEN = os.getenv("ACCESS_TOKEN", None)
ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET = 'ZZZZZZZZ'
# ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET = os.getenv("ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET", None)
return Api(CONSUMER_KEY,
CONSUMER_SECRET,
ACCESS_TOKEN,
ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET)
def PostStatusWithShortenedURL(status):
shortener = ShortenURL()
api = _get_api()
# Find all URLs contained within the status message. Value of ``urls`` will
# be a list.
urls = re.findall(URL_REGEXP, status)
for url in urls:
status = status.replace(url, shortener.Shorten(url), 1)
api.PostUpdate(status)
if __name__ == '__main__':
PostStatusWithShortenedURL("this is a test: http://www.example.com/tests")
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