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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><!-- InstanceBegin template="/visual/Templates/template.dwt" codeOutsideHTMLIsLocked="false" -->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="doctitle" -->
<title>keyboard</title>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="head" -->
<link href="VisualRef.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
function MM_jumpMenu(targ,selObj,restore){ //v3.0
eval(targ+".location='"+selObj.options[selObj.selectedIndex].value+"'");
if (restore) selObj.selectedIndex=0;
}
//-->
</script>
<link href="VisualRef.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<table width="800" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr>
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<td width="10" height="272" valign="top" bgcolor="#DDDDDD"><p> </p> </td>
<td width="173" valign="top" bgcolor="#DDDDDD"><p class="Normal"><a href="index.html">Home</a></p>
<p class="Normal">If you're new to Python <br />
and VPython: <a href="VisualIntro.html">Introduction</a></p>
<p class="Normal">A VPython <a href="VPython_Intro.pdf" target="_blank">tutorial</a></p>
<p class="Normal"><a href="primitives.html">Pictures</a> of 3D objects</p>
<p class="Normal">Choose a 3D object:</p>
<select name="jumpMenu4" id="jumpMenu4" onchange="MM_jumpMenu('parent',this,0)">
<option>Choose an object</option>
<option value="cylinder.html">Overview</option>
<option value="arrow.html">arrow</option>
<option value="box.html">box</option>
<option value="cone.html">cone</option>
<option value="convex.html">convex</option>
<option value="curve.html">curve</option>
<option value="cylinder.html">cylinder</option>
<option value="ellipsoid.html">ellipsoid</option>
<option value="faces.html">faces</option>
<option value="frame.html">frame</option>
<option value="helix.html">helix</option>
<option value="label.html">label</option>
<option value="lights.html">lights</option>
<option value="points.html">points</option>
<option value="pyramid.html">pyramid</option>
<option value="ring.html">ring</option>
<option value="sphere.html">sphere</option>
</select>
<p class="Normal">Work with 3D objects:</p>
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<option>Choose an option</option>
<option value="color.html">Color & Opacity</option>
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<option value="defaults.html">Defaults</option>
<option value="rate.html">Animation Speed</option>
<option value="rotation.html">Rotations</option>
<option value="options.html">Additional Options</option>
<option value="delete.html">Delete an Object</option>
<option value="float.html">3/4 = 0?</option>
</select>
<p class="Normal">Windows, Events, & Files:</p>
<select name="jumpMenu4" id="jumpMenu6" onchange="MM_jumpMenu('parent',this,0)">
<option>Choose a topic</option>
<option value="display.html">Windows</option>
<option value="lights.html">Lighting</option>
<option value="mouse.html">Mouse Events</option>
<option value="mouse_click.html"> Mouse Click</option>
<option value="mouse_drag.html"> Mouse Drag</option>
<option value="keyboard.html">Keyboard Events</option>
<option value="controls.html">Buttons and Sliders</option>
<option value="files.html">Reading/Writing Files</option>
</select>
<p class="Normal"><a href="vector.html">Vector operations </a></p>
<p class="Normal"><a href="graph.html">Graphs</a></p>
<p class="Normal"><a href="factorial.html">factorial/combin</a></p>
<p class="Normal">What's new in <a href="new_features.html">Visual 5</a></p>
<p class="Normal"><a href="http://vpython.org" target="_blank">VPython web site</a><br />
<a href="license.txt" target="_blank">Visual license</a><br />
<a href="http://www.python.org" target="_blank">Python web site</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.python.org/doc/2.5.2/lib/module-math.html" target="_blank">Math module</a> (sqrt etc.)<br />
<a href="http://www.scipy.org/Documentation" target="_blank">Numpy module</a> (arrays) </p></td>
<td width="21" valign="top" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><!--DWLayoutEmptyCell--> </td>
<td width="586" rowspan="2" valign="top"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="content" -->
<div>
<h1 class="Heading-1"> <font color="#0000A0">Keyboard Interactions</font></h1>
</div>
<div>
<p class="Normal">If<span class="attribute"> scene.kb.keys</span> is nonzero,
one or more keyboard events have been stored, waiting to be processed.</p>
<p class="Normal">Executing <span class="attribute">key</span> <span class="attribute">=</span> <span class="attribute">scene.kb.getkey()</span> obtains a keyboard input
and removes it from the input queue. If there are no events waiting to be
processed, getkey() waits until a key is pressed.</p>
<p class="Normal">If len(key) == 1, the input is a single printable character
such as 'b' or 'B' or new line ('\n') or tab ('\t'). Otherwise key is a multicharacter
string such as 'escape' or 'backspace' or 'f3'. For such inputs, the ctrl,
alt, and shift keys are prepended to the key name. For example, if you hold
down the shift key and press F3, key will be the character string 'shift+f3',
which you can test for explicitly. If you hold down all three modifier keys,
you get 'ctrl+alt+shift+f3'; the order is always ctrl, alt, shift.</p>
<p class="Normal">Multicharacter names include delete, backspace, page
up, page down, home, end, left, up, right, down, numlock, scrlock,
f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, f8. Windows and Linux also have f9, f11,
f12, insert.</p>
<p class="Normal">Here is a test routine that lets you type text into a label:</p>
<p class="program">from visual import *<br />
prose = label() # initially blank text<br />
while True: <br />
if scene.kb.keys: # event
waiting to be processed?<br />
s
= scene.kb.getkey() # get keyboard info<br />
if
len(s) == 1: <br />
prose.text
+= s # append new character<br />
elif
((s == 'backspace' or s == 'delete') and<br />
len(prose.text)) > 0: <br />
prose.text
= prose.text[:-1] # erase letter<br />
elif
s == 'shift+delete': <br />
prose.text
= '' # erase all text</p>
<p class="Normal">Note that <a href="mouse.html">mouse events</a> also provide
information about the ctrl, alt, and shift keys, which may be used to modify
mouse actions.</p>
<div>
<p class="Normal"> </p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="16" colspan="4"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
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