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# Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates
# Owner(s): ["oncall: distributed"]
import copy
import itertools
from pprint import pformat
from typing import NamedTuple
import torch
from torch.distributed._tensor import (
DeviceMesh,
distribute_module,
distribute_tensor,
DTensor,
)
from torch.distributed._tensor.placement_types import Replicate, Shard
from torch.distributed.tensor._ops.utils import is_tensor_partial, normalize_dim
from torch.distributed.tensor.debug import CommDebugMode
from torch.distributed.tensor.parallel import (
ColwiseParallel,
parallelize_module,
RowwiseParallel,
SequenceParallel,
)
from torch.testing._internal.common_utils import run_tests
from torch.testing._internal.distributed._tensor.common_dtensor import (
DTensorTestBase,
skip_unless_torch_gpu,
with_comms,
)
funcol = torch.ops.c10d_functional
class DistMathOpsTest(DTensorTestBase):
def _check_module(self, m1, m2, check_grad=False):
named_parameters = dict(m1.named_parameters())
for name, param_m2 in m2.named_parameters():
self.assertTrue(name in named_parameters)
param_m1 = named_parameters[name]
if check_grad:
param_m2 = param_m2.grad
param_m1 = param_m1.grad
if isinstance(param_m2, DTensor):
replicate = [Replicate()]
param_m2 = param_m2.redistribute(
device_mesh=param_m2.device_mesh, placements=replicate
).to_local()
self.assertEqual(param_m2, param_m1)
def linear_op_reductions(self, op_str):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
shard_spec = [Shard(0)]
tensor = torch.randn(12, 8, 8)
# TODO: check `all` correctness and test `all` on a bool tensor
if op_str in ("any"):
# test out a bool tensor for any
tensor = tensor < 0
dtensor = distribute_tensor(tensor, device_mesh, shard_spec)
op = getattr(tensor, op_str)
op_dt = getattr(dtensor, op_str)
keep_dim_or_not = [True, False, None]
for dim in range(tensor.ndim):
for keep_dim in keep_dim_or_not:
args = (dim, keep_dim) if keep_dim is not None else (dim,)
if op_str in ("max", "min"):
# min and max return a tuple when dim specified
dim_reduced_tensor, _ = op(*args)
dt_reduced, _ = op_dt(*args)
else:
dim_reduced_tensor = op(*args)
dt_reduced = op_dt(*args)
dt_dim_reduced_tensor = dt_reduced.full_tensor()
self.assertEqual(dt_dim_reduced_tensor, dim_reduced_tensor)
full_reduced_tensor = op()
dt_full_reduced = op_dt().full_tensor()
self.assertEqual(dt_full_reduced, full_reduced_tensor)
@with_comms
def test_linear_op_reductions(self):
for op_str in ("all", "sum", "prod", "max", "min", "any"):
self.linear_op_reductions(op_str)
@with_comms
@skip_unless_torch_gpu
def test_mean(self):
self.linear_op_reductions("mean")
# TODO: forward test can be removed once test_softmax_with_bwd passes on CPU
@with_comms
def test_softmax_fwd(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
x = torch.rand(8, 12, 16, device=self.device_type)
dims = range(3) # used to convert -1 to the actual dim
softmax_dims = [-1, 0, 1, 2]
shard_dims = [-1, 0, 1, 2]
test_list = list(itertools.product(softmax_dims, shard_dims))
for softmax_dim, shard_dim in test_list:
local_y = torch.nn.functional.softmax(
x, dim=softmax_dim, dtype=torch.float32
)
dist_x = distribute_tensor(x, device_mesh, [Shard(shard_dim)])
dist_y = torch.nn.functional.softmax(
dist_x, dim=softmax_dim, dtype=torch.float32
)
shard_dim = normalize_dim(shard_dim, dist_x.ndim)
if dims[shard_dim] == dims[softmax_dim]:
self.assertTrue(dist_y.placements[0].is_replicate())
self.assertEqual(dist_y.to_local(), local_y)
else:
self.assertTrue(dist_y.placements[0].is_shard(dim=shard_dim))
self.assertEqual(dist_y.full_tensor(), local_y)
# TODO: get test_softmax_with_bwd pass on CPU
# DTensor's _softmax_backward_data produces wrong result on CPU on certain dimension.
# fail_on_cpu_list = [(0, -1), (1, -1)]
@with_comms
@skip_unless_torch_gpu
def test_softmax_with_bwd(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
dims = range(3) # used to convert -1 to the actual dim
softmax_dims = [-1, 0, 1, 2]
shard_dims = [-1, 0, 1, 2]
test_list = list(itertools.product(softmax_dims, shard_dims))
for params in test_list:
softmax_dim, shard_dim = params
x = torch.rand(8, 12, 16, device=self.device_type, requires_grad=True)
self.assertTrue(x.requires_grad)
local_y = torch.nn.functional.softmax(
x, dim=softmax_dim, dtype=torch.float32
).sum()
local_y.backward()
dist_x = distribute_tensor(x, device_mesh, [Shard(shard_dim)])
self.assertTrue(dist_x.requires_grad)
dist_softmax = dist_x.softmax(dim=softmax_dim)
shard_dim = normalize_dim(shard_dim, dist_x.ndim)
if dims[softmax_dim] == dims[shard_dim]:
self.assertTrue(dist_softmax.placements[0].is_replicate())
else:
self.assertTrue(dist_softmax.placements[0].is_shard(dim=shard_dim))
dist_y = dist_softmax.sum()
if dims[softmax_dim] == dims[shard_dim]:
self.assertTrue(dist_y.placements[0].is_replicate())
else:
self.assertTrue(dist_y.placements[0].is_partial())
dist_y = dist_y.redistribute(device_mesh, [Replicate()])
self.assertEqual(dist_y.to_local(), local_y)
self.assertIsNone(dist_x.grad)
dist_y.backward()
self.assertIsNotNone(dist_x.grad)
if dims[softmax_dim] == dims[shard_dim]:
self.assertTrue(dist_x.grad.placements[0].is_replicate())
else:
self.assertTrue(dist_x.grad.placements[0].is_shard(dim=shard_dim))
self.assertEqual(dist_x.grad.full_tensor(), x.grad)
@with_comms
@skip_unless_torch_gpu
def test_nll_loss_and_cross_entropy(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
comm_mode = CommDebugMode()
channel_size, channel_dim = 16, 1
test_setup = [
(2, (8, channel_size), (8,)), # calling aten.nll_loss_forward
(3, (8, channel_size, 12), (8, 12)), # calling aten.nll_loss2d_forward
]
for input_ndim, input_size, target_size in test_setup:
x = torch.rand(*input_size, device=self.device_type, requires_grad=True)
target = torch.randint(channel_size, target_size, device=self.device_type)
dist_target = distribute_tensor(target, device_mesh, [Replicate()])
shard_dims = list(range(input_ndim))
reductions = ["none", "mean", "sum"]
# Compared with nll_loss, cross_entropy additionally calls log_softmax first.
# Testing them together as code can be reused.
loss_functions = [
torch.nn.functional.nll_loss,
torch.nn.functional.cross_entropy,
]
for shard_dim, reduction, loss_fn in itertools.product(
shard_dims, reductions, loss_functions
):
dist_x = distribute_tensor(x, device_mesh, [Shard(shard_dim)])
y = loss_fn(x, target, reduction=reduction)
if reduction == "none":
y.sum().backward()
else:
y.backward()
with comm_mode:
dist_y = loss_fn(dist_x, dist_target, reduction=reduction)
if shard_dim == channel_dim:
self.assertEqual(comm_mode.get_total_counts(), 1)
self.assertEqual(
comm_mode.get_comm_counts()[funcol.all_gather_into_tensor],
1,
)
self.assertTrue(dist_y.placements[0].is_replicate())
self.assertEqual(dist_y.to_local(), y)
else:
self.assertEqual(comm_mode.get_total_counts(), 0)
if reduction == "none":
output_shard_dim = (
shard_dim if shard_dim < channel_dim else shard_dim - 1
)
self.assertTrue(
dist_y.placements[0].is_shard(dim=output_shard_dim)
)
else:
self.assertTrue(dist_y.placements[0].is_partial())
self.assertEqual(dist_y.full_tensor(), y)
if reduction == "none":
dist_y.sum().backward()
else:
dist_y.backward()
if shard_dim == channel_dim:
self.assertTrue(dist_x.grad.placements[0].is_replicate())
self.assertEqual(dist_x.grad.to_local(), x.grad)
else:
self.assertTrue(
dist_x.grad.placements[0].is_shard(dim=shard_dim)
)
self.assertEqual(dist_x.grad.full_tensor(), x.grad)
x.grad.zero_()
@with_comms
def test_shard_math_ops(self):
mesh_shape = (2, self.world_size // 2)
mesh = DeviceMesh(
self.device_type,
torch.arange(self.world_size).reshape(*mesh_shape),
)
global_tensor = torch.ones(4, 4)
double_shard_tensor = distribute_tensor(
global_tensor, mesh, [Shard(0), Shard(0)]
)
fully_shard_tensor = distribute_tensor(
global_tensor, mesh, [Shard(0), Shard(1)]
)
# for op in [torch.add, torch.sub, torch.mul, torch.div]:
for op in [torch.add, torch.sub, torch.mul, torch.div]:
expect_rs = op(global_tensor, 2)
double_shard_full_tensor = op(double_shard_tensor, 2).full_tensor()
self.assertEqual(double_shard_full_tensor, expect_rs)
fully_shard_full_tensor = op(fully_shard_tensor, 2).full_tensor()
self.assertEqual(fully_shard_full_tensor, expect_rs)
@with_comms
def test_layer_norm_fwd(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
# NLP example from pytorch docs
# https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.LayerNorm.html
batch, sentence_length, embedding_dim = 20, 5, 10
x = torch.rand(batch, sentence_length, embedding_dim, device=self.device_type)
norm_shape_idx_list = list(range(x.ndim))
shard_dims = [-1, 0, 1, 2]
elementwise_affine_list = [False, True]
test_config_list = list(
itertools.product(shard_dims, norm_shape_idx_list, elementwise_affine_list)
)
# normalized shape is a torch.Size object
for shard_dim, norm_idx, elementwise_affine in test_config_list:
normalized_shape = x.shape[norm_idx:]
layer_norm = torch.nn.LayerNorm(
normalized_shape,
elementwise_affine=elementwise_affine,
device=self.device_type,
)
layer_norm_local = copy.deepcopy(layer_norm).to(self.device_type)
def _replicate_fn(name, module, device_mesh):
for name, param in module.named_parameters():
if name in ["weight", "bias"]:
param_dist = torch.nn.Parameter(
distribute_tensor(param, device_mesh, [Replicate()])
)
module.register_parameter(name, param_dist)
layer_norm_dist = distribute_module(layer_norm, device_mesh, _replicate_fn)
x_local = x
x_dist = distribute_tensor(x, device_mesh, [Shard(shard_dim)])
y_local = layer_norm_local(x_local)
# make sure that forward layer norm does not introduce extra collectives
comm_mode = CommDebugMode()
with comm_mode:
y_dist = layer_norm_dist(x_dist)
self.assertLessEqual(
comm_mode.get_total_counts(),
1, # TODO: This should be 0!
f"comm count={comm_mode.get_total_counts()}, "
f"shard_dim={shard_dim}, norm_shape={normalized_shape}, elem_affine={elementwise_affine}",
)
from torch.distributed._tensor.placement_types import TensorMeta
dtensor_meta = y_dist._spec.tensor_meta
assert isinstance(dtensor_meta, TensorMeta)
# make sure the right shape in sharding prop
self.assertEqual(y_local.shape, dtensor_meta.shape)
self.assertEqual(y_local, y_dist.full_tensor())
@with_comms
def test_layer_norm_bwd(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
# NLP example from pytorch docs
# https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.LayerNorm.html
batch, sentence_length, embedding_dim = 20, 5, 10
norm_shape_idx_list = list(range(3))
shard_dims = [0, 1, 2]
elementwise_affine_list = [False, True]
test_config_list = list(
itertools.product(shard_dims, norm_shape_idx_list, elementwise_affine_list)
)
# normalized shape is a torch.Size object
for shard_dim, norm_idx, elementwise_affine in test_config_list:
x = torch.rand(
batch,
sentence_length,
embedding_dim,
device=self.device_type,
requires_grad=True,
)
normalized_shape = x.shape[norm_idx:]
layer_norm = torch.nn.LayerNorm(
normalized_shape,
elementwise_affine=elementwise_affine,
device=self.device_type,
)
layer_norm_local = copy.deepcopy(layer_norm).to(self.device_type)
def _replicate_fn(name, module, device_mesh):
for name, param in module.named_parameters():
if name in ["weight", "bias"]:
param_dist = torch.nn.Parameter(
distribute_tensor(param, device_mesh, [Replicate()])
)
module.register_parameter(name, param_dist)
layer_norm_dist = distribute_module(layer_norm, device_mesh, _replicate_fn)
if elementwise_affine:
self.assertEqual(
layer_norm_local.weight, layer_norm_dist.weight.full_tensor()
)
self.assertEqual(
layer_norm_local.bias, layer_norm_dist.bias.full_tensor()
)
x_local = x.detach().clone().requires_grad_(True)
x_dist = distribute_tensor(x, device_mesh, [Shard(shard_dim)])
self.assertEqual(x_local, x_dist.full_tensor())
y_local = layer_norm_local(x_local)
# make sure that backward layer norm does not introduce extra collectives
comm_mode = CommDebugMode()
with comm_mode:
y_dist = layer_norm_dist(x_dist)
y_dist.sum().backward()
expected_fwd_comm = 0 if shard_dim < norm_idx else 1
self.assertEqual(
sum(comm_mode.comm_module_counts["Global"]["forward"].values()),
expected_fwd_comm,
f"comm count={comm_mode.get_total_counts()}, "
f"shard_dim={shard_dim}, norm_shape={normalized_shape}, elem_affine={elementwise_affine}",
)
self.assertEqual(y_local, y_dist.full_tensor())
# backward step
y_local.sum().backward()
expected_bwd_comm = 0 if shard_dim < norm_idx else 1
self.assertEqual(
sum(comm_mode.comm_module_counts["Global"]["backward"].values()),
expected_bwd_comm,
f"comm count={comm_mode.get_total_counts()}, "
f"shard_dim={shard_dim}, norm_shape={normalized_shape}, elem_affine={elementwise_affine}",
)
if elementwise_affine:
# if input is sharded on any outer dimension, the gradient of weight
# and bias should be Partial
dim_map = x_dist._spec.dim_map
outer_dims = range(norm_idx)
needs_reduction = any(dim_map[d] >= 0 for d in outer_dims)
self.assertEqual(
is_tensor_partial(layer_norm_dist.weight.grad._spec),
needs_reduction,
)
self.assertEqual(
is_tensor_partial(layer_norm_dist.bias.grad._spec),
needs_reduction,
)
self.assertEqual(
layer_norm_local.weight.grad,
layer_norm_dist.weight.grad.full_tensor(),
)
self.assertEqual(
layer_norm_local.bias.grad,
layer_norm_dist.bias.grad.full_tensor(),
)
self.assertEqual(x_local.grad, x_dist.grad.full_tensor())
@with_comms
def test_layer_norm_bwd_req_grad(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
batch, seq_len, embedding_dim, vocab_size = 8, 8, 10, 32
# build our subtest configurations and filter out invalid ones
class SubTest(NamedTuple):
multidim_norm: bool
elementwise_affine: bool
emb_req_grad: bool
ln_req_grad: bool
out_req_grad: bool
subtest_fails = {}
valid_filter = lambda cfg: not ( # noqa: E731
cfg.ln_req_grad and not cfg.elementwise_affine
) and any(cfg[2:])
subtest_cfgs = list(
filter(
valid_filter,
[SubTest(*cfg) for cfg in itertools.product(*(((False, True),) * 5))],
)
)
for subtest_cfg in subtest_cfgs:
try:
(
multidim_norm,
elementwise_affine,
emb_req_grad,
ln_req_grad,
out_req_grad,
) = subtest_cfg
normalized_shape = (
(seq_len, embedding_dim) if multidim_norm else (embedding_dim,)
)
# configure our local and parallelized models for this subtest
class LnTpBlock(torch.nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.preln_embeddings = torch.nn.Embedding(
vocab_size, embedding_dim
)
self.layer_norm = torch.nn.LayerNorm(
normalized_shape, elementwise_affine=elementwise_affine
)
self.postln_linear = torch.nn.Linear(
embedding_dim, embedding_dim
)
def forward(self, tokens):
h = self.preln_embeddings(tokens)
h = self.layer_norm(h)
output = self.postln_linear(h)
return output
parallel_plan = {
"preln_embeddings": RowwiseParallel(
input_layouts=Replicate(), output_layouts=Shard(1)
),
"layer_norm": SequenceParallel(),
"postln_linear": ColwiseParallel(
input_layouts=Shard(1),
output_layouts=Replicate(),
),
}
model = LnTpBlock()
model_local = copy.deepcopy(model).to(device=self.device_type)
model_dist = parallelize_module(model, device_mesh, parallel_plan)
req_grad_map = {
"preln_embeddings": emb_req_grad,
"postln_linear": out_req_grad,
"layer_norm": ln_req_grad,
}
# apply the relevant `requires_grad` mask for this subtest to both models
for target_model in [model_local, model_dist]:
for n, p in target_model.named_parameters():
if not req_grad_map.get(n.rpartition(".")[0], False):
p.requires_grad_(False)
assert not p.requires_grad
else:
assert p.requires_grad
# forward step for both local and distributed models
x = torch.randint(vocab_size, (batch, seq_len), device=self.device_type)
x_local = x.detach().clone()
output_local = model_local(x_local)
with CommDebugMode() as comm_mode:
output_dist = model_dist(x)
self.assertEqual(output_local, output_dist)
# all requires_grad patterns should have the same forward comm counts
expected_fwd_comm = {
funcol.reduce_scatter_tensor: 1,
funcol.all_gather_into_tensor: 2,
}
self.assertDictEqual(
comm_mode.comm_module_counts["Global"]["forward"], expected_fwd_comm
)
# backward step
output_local.sum().backward()
with CommDebugMode() as comm_mode:
output_dist.sum().backward()
# ensure gradients (and parameters) remain equal between local and distributed models
self._check_module(model_local, model_dist, check_grad=True)
# different requires_grad patterns will have different bwd comm counts
if out_req_grad and not any((emb_req_grad, ln_req_grad)):
expected_bwd_comm = {}
elif ln_req_grad and not any((emb_req_grad, multidim_norm)):
expected_bwd_comm = {funcol.reduce_scatter_tensor: 1}
elif multidim_norm:
expected_bwd_comm = {funcol.all_reduce: 1}
expected_bwd_comm[funcol.all_gather_into_tensor] = (
2 if emb_req_grad else 1
)
else:
expected_bwd_comm = {
funcol.reduce_scatter_tensor: 1,
funcol.all_gather_into_tensor: 1,
}
self.assertDictEqual(
comm_mode.comm_module_counts["Global"]["backward"],
expected_bwd_comm,
)
self.assertEqual(output_local, output_dist)
except Exception as e:
subtest_fails[subtest_cfg] = e
# if any subtest fails, provide the failed subtests and report the overall failure
assert (
not subtest_fails
), f"{len(subtest_fails)}/{len(subtest_cfgs)} subtests failed: {pformat(subtest_fails)}"
@with_comms
def test_topk(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
placement_combs = [Shard(0), Shard(1), Shard(2), Replicate()]
comm_mode = CommDebugMode()
tensor = torch.randn(12, 8, 8, requires_grad=True)
global_topk = tensor.topk(3, dim=0)
for placement in placement_combs:
dtensor = distribute_tensor(tensor, device_mesh, (placement,))
with comm_mode:
out_dt = dtensor.topk(3, dim=0)
if placement.is_shard(0):
self.assertEqual(comm_mode.get_total_counts(), 1)
self.assertEqual(
comm_mode.get_comm_counts()[funcol.all_gather_into_tensor],
1,
)
out_full_values = out_dt.values.full_tensor()
self.assertEqual(global_topk.values, out_full_values)
# TODO: support backward scatter
# global_topk.values.sum().backward()
# out_full_values.sum().backward()
@with_comms
def test_shard0_svd(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
torch.manual_seed(42)
replicated_x = torch.randn((8, 8), device=self.device_type)
sharded_x = distribute_tensor(replicated_x, device_mesh, (Shard(0),))
with CommDebugMode() as comm_mode:
U, S, V = torch.linalg.svd(sharded_x, full_matrices=False)
ref_U, ref_S, ref_V = torch.linalg.svd(replicated_x, full_matrices=False)
self.assertEqual(U.to_local(), ref_U)
self.assertEqual(S.to_local(), ref_S)
self.assertEqual(V.to_local(), ref_V)
comm_counts = comm_mode.get_comm_counts()
self.assertEqual(len(comm_counts), 1)
self.assertEqual(comm_counts[funcol.all_gather_into_tensor], 1)
@with_comms
def test_foreach_norm(self):
device_mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
grad0 = torch.randn(12, 8)
grad1 = torch.randn(8, 8)
sharded_grad0 = distribute_tensor(grad0, device_mesh, [Shard(0)])
sharded_grad1 = distribute_tensor(grad1, device_mesh, [Shard(0)])
# non-sharded op
out = torch.ops.aten._foreach_norm([grad0, grad1], 2)
# sharded op
sharded_out = torch.ops.aten._foreach_norm([sharded_grad0, sharded_grad1], 2)
for o, so in zip(out, sharded_out):
self.assertEqual(so.full_tensor(), o)
@with_comms
def test_linalg_eigh(self):
A = torch.randn(2, 2, dtype=torch.float64)
mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
dtensor_A = distribute_tensor(A, device_mesh=mesh, placements=[Replicate()])
dtensor_A = dtensor_A + dtensor_A.mT
dtensor_L, dtensor_Q = torch.linalg.eigh(dtensor_A)
# TODO: we need to convert A, L, Q to local because we don't have a
# sharding strategy registered for aten.dist.default yet.
local_A, local_L, local_Q = (
dtensor_A.to_local(),
dtensor_L.to_local(),
dtensor_Q.to_local(),
)
distance = torch.dist(local_Q @ torch.diag(local_L) @ local_Q.mT, local_A)
self.assertEqual(distance.item(), 0.0)
@with_comms
def test_upsampling(self):
input = torch.arange(1, 5, dtype=torch.float32).view(1, 1, 2, 2)
mesh = self.build_device_mesh()
input_dtensor = distribute_tensor(
input, device_mesh=mesh, placements=[Shard(0)]
)
upsample_m = [
torch.nn.UpsamplingBilinear2d(scale_factor=2),
torch.nn.UpsamplingNearest2d(scale_factor=2),
torch.nn.Upsample(scale_factor=2, mode="bicubic"),
]
for m in upsample_m:
result = m(input)
dtensor_result = m(input_dtensor)
self.assertEqual(result, dtensor_result.full_tensor())
if __name__ == "__main__":
run_tests()
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