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/******************************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2004, 2008 IBM Corporation
* All rights reserved.
* This program and the accompanying materials
* are made available under the terms of the BSD License
* which accompanies this distribution, and is available at
* http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
*
* Contributors:
* IBM Corporation - initial implementation
*****************************************************************************/
#include <tftp.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <ethernet.h>
#include <ipv4.h>
#include <ipv6.h>
#include <udp.h>
#include <dns.h>
//#define __DEBUG__
#define MAX_BLOCKSIZE 1428
#define BUFFER_LEN 256
#define INVALID_BUFFER ((void *)-1L)
#define ENOTFOUND 1
#define EACCESS 2
#define EBADOP 4
#define EBADID 5
#define ENOUSER 7
//#define EUNDEF 0
//#define ENOSPACE 3
//#define EEXISTS 6
#define RRQ 1
#define WRQ 2
#define DATA 3
#define ACK 4
#define ERROR 5
#define OACK 6
/* Local variables */
static unsigned char packet[BUFFER_LEN];
static unsigned char *buffer = INVALID_BUFFER;
static unsigned short block;
static unsigned short blocksize;
static char blocksize_str[6]; /* Blocksize string for read request */
static int received_len;
static unsigned int retries;
static int huge_load;
static int len;
static int tftp_finished;
static int lost_packets;
static int tftp_errno;
static int ip_version;
static short port_number;
static tftp_err_t *tftp_err;
static filename_ip_t *fn_ip;
static int progress_first;
static int progress_last_bytes;
/**
* dump_package - Prints a package.
*
* @package: package which is to print
* @len: length of the package
*/
#ifdef __DEBUG__
static void dump_package(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int len)
{
int i;
for (i = 1; i <= len; i++) {
printf("%02x%02x ", buffer[i - 1], buffer[i]);
i++;
if ((i % 16) == 0)
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
#endif
/**
* send_rrq - Sends a read request package.
*
* @fd: Socket Descriptor
*/
static void send_rrq(int fd)
{
int ip_len = 0;
int ip6_payload_len = 0;
unsigned short udp_len = 0;
const char mode[] = "octet";
char *ptr = NULL;
struct iphdr *ip = NULL;
struct ip6hdr *ip6 = NULL;
struct udphdr *udph = NULL;
struct tftphdr *tftp = NULL;
memset(packet, 0, BUFFER_LEN);
if (4 == ip_version) {
ip = (struct iphdr *) packet;
udph = (struct udphdr *) (ip + 1);
ip_len = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct udphdr)
+ strlen(fn_ip->filename) + strlen(mode) + 4
+ strlen("blksize") + strlen(blocksize_str) + 2;
fill_iphdr ((uint8_t *) ip, ip_len, IPTYPE_UDP, 0,
fn_ip->server_ip);
}
else if (6 == ip_version) {
ip6 = (struct ip6hdr *) packet;
udph = (struct udphdr *) (ip6 + 1);
ip6_payload_len = sizeof(struct udphdr)
+ strlen(fn_ip->filename) + strlen(mode) + 4
+ strlen("blksize") + strlen(blocksize_str) + 2;
ip_len = sizeof(struct ip6hdr) + ip6_payload_len;
fill_ip6hdr ((uint8_t *) ip6, ip6_payload_len, IPTYPE_UDP, get_ipv6_address(),
&(fn_ip->server_ip6));
}
udp_len = htons(sizeof(struct udphdr)
+ strlen(fn_ip->filename) + strlen(mode) + 4
+ strlen("blksize") + strlen(blocksize_str) + 2);
fill_udphdr ((uint8_t *) udph, udp_len, htons(2001), htons(69));
tftp = (struct tftphdr *) (udph + 1);
tftp->th_opcode = htons(RRQ);
ptr = (char *) &tftp->th_data;
memcpy(ptr, fn_ip->filename, strlen(fn_ip->filename) + 1);
ptr += strlen(fn_ip->filename) + 1;
memcpy(ptr, mode, strlen(mode) + 1);
ptr += strlen(mode) + 1;
memcpy(ptr, "blksize", strlen("blksize") + 1);
ptr += strlen("blksize") + 1;
memcpy(ptr, blocksize_str, strlen(blocksize_str) + 1);
send_ip (fd, packet, ip_len);
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf("tftp RRQ with %d bytes transmitted.\n", ip_len);
#endif
return;
}
/**
* send_ack - Sends a acknowlege package.
*
* @blckno: block number
* @dport: UDP destination port
*/
static void send_ack(int fd, int blckno, unsigned short dport)
{
int ip_len = 0;
int ip6_payload_len = 0;
unsigned short udp_len = 0;
struct iphdr *ip = NULL;
struct ip6hdr *ip6 = NULL;
struct udphdr *udph = NULL;
struct tftphdr *tftp = NULL;
memset(packet, 0, BUFFER_LEN);
if (4 == ip_version) {
ip = (struct iphdr *) packet;
udph = (struct udphdr *) (ip + 1);
ip_len = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct udphdr) + 4;
fill_iphdr ((uint8_t *) ip, ip_len, IPTYPE_UDP, 0,
fn_ip->server_ip);
}
else if (6 == ip_version) {
ip6 = (struct ip6hdr *) packet;
udph = (struct udphdr *) (ip6 + 1);
ip6_payload_len = sizeof(struct udphdr) + 4;
ip_len = sizeof(struct ip6hdr) + ip6_payload_len;
fill_ip6hdr ((uint8_t *) ip6, ip6_payload_len, IPTYPE_UDP, get_ipv6_address(),
&(fn_ip->server_ip6));
}
udp_len = htons(sizeof(struct udphdr) + 4);
fill_udphdr ((uint8_t *) udph, udp_len, htons(2001), htons(dport));
tftp = (struct tftphdr *) (udph + 1);
tftp->th_opcode = htons(ACK);
tftp->th_data = htons(blckno);
send_ip(fd, packet, ip_len);
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf("tftp ACK %d bytes transmitted.\n", ip_len);
#endif
return;
}
/**
* send_error - Sends an error package.
*
* @fd: Socket Descriptor
* @error_code: Used sub code for error packet
* @dport: UDP destination port
*/
static void send_error(int fd, int error_code, unsigned short dport)
{
int ip_len = 0;
int ip6_payload_len = 0;
unsigned short udp_len = 0;
struct ip6hdr *ip6 = NULL;
struct iphdr *ip = NULL;
struct udphdr *udph = NULL;
struct tftphdr *tftp = NULL;
memset(packet, 0, BUFFER_LEN);
if (4 == ip_version) {
ip = (struct iphdr *) packet;
udph = (struct udphdr *) (ip + 1);
ip_len = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct udphdr) + 5;
fill_iphdr ((uint8_t *) ip, ip_len, IPTYPE_UDP, 0,
fn_ip->server_ip);
}
else if (6 == ip_version) {
ip6 = (struct ip6hdr *) packet;
udph = (struct udphdr *) (ip6 + 1);
ip6_payload_len = sizeof(struct udphdr) + 5;
ip_len = sizeof(struct ip6hdr) + ip6_payload_len;
fill_ip6hdr ((uint8_t *) ip6, ip6_payload_len, IPTYPE_UDP, get_ipv6_address(),
&(fn_ip->server_ip6));
}
udp_len = htons(sizeof(struct udphdr) + 5);
fill_udphdr ((uint8_t *) udph, udp_len, htons(2001), htons(dport));
tftp = (struct tftphdr *) (udph + 1);
tftp->th_opcode = htons(ERROR);
tftp->th_data = htons(error_code);
((char *) &tftp->th_data)[2] = 0;
send_ip(fd, packet, ip_len);
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf("tftp ERROR %d bytes transmitted.\n", ip_len);
#endif
return;
}
static void print_progress(int urgent, int received_bytes)
{
static unsigned int i = 1;
char buffer[100];
char *ptr;
// 1MB steps or 0x400 times or urgent
if(((received_bytes - progress_last_bytes) >> 20) > 0
|| (i & 0x3FF) == 0 || urgent) {
if (!progress_first) {
sprintf(buffer, "%d KBytes", (progress_last_bytes >> 10));
for(ptr = buffer; *ptr != 0; ++ptr)
*ptr = '\b';
printf("%s", buffer);
}
printf("%d KBytes", (received_bytes >> 10));
i = 1;
progress_first = 0;
progress_last_bytes = received_bytes;
}
++i;
}
/**
* get_blksize tries to extract the blksize from the OACK package
* the TFTP returned. From RFC 1782
* The OACK packet has the following format:
*
* +-------+---~~---+---+---~~---+---+---~~---+---+---~~---+---+
* | opc | opt1 | 0 | value1 | 0 | optN | 0 | valueN | 0 |
* +-------+---~~---+---+---~~---+---+---~~---+---+---~~---+---+
*
* @param buffer the network packet
* @param len the length of the network packet
* @return the blocksize the server supports or 0 for error
*/
static int get_blksize(unsigned char *buffer, unsigned int len)
{
unsigned char *orig = buffer;
/* skip all headers until tftp has been reached */
buffer += sizeof(struct udphdr);
/* skip opc */
buffer += 2;
while (buffer < orig + len) {
if (!memcmp(buffer, "blksize", strlen("blksize") + 1))
return (unsigned short) strtoul((char *) (buffer +
strlen("blksize") + 1),
(char **) NULL, 10);
else {
/* skip the option name */
buffer = (unsigned char *) strchr((char *) buffer, 0);
if (!buffer)
return 0;
buffer++;
/* skip the option value */
buffer = (unsigned char *) strchr((char *) buffer, 0);
if (!buffer)
return 0;
buffer++;
}
}
return 0;
}
/**
* Handle incoming tftp packets after read request was sent
*
* this function also prints out some status characters
* \|-/ for each packet received
* A for an arp packet
* I for an ICMP packet
* #+* for different unexpected TFTP packets (not very good)
*
* @param fd socket descriptor
* @param packet points to the UDP header of the packet
* @param len the length of the network packet
* @return ZERO if packet was handled successfully
* ERRORCODE if error occurred
*/
int32_t handle_tftp(int fd, uint8_t *pkt, int32_t packetsize)
{
struct udphdr *udph;
struct tftphdr *tftp;
/* buffer is only set if we are handling TFTP */
if (buffer == INVALID_BUFFER)
return 0;
#ifndef __DEBUG__
print_progress(0, received_len);
#endif
udph = (struct udphdr *) pkt;
tftp = (struct tftphdr *) ((void *) udph + sizeof(struct udphdr));
set_timer(TICKS_SEC);
#ifdef __DEBUG__
dump_package(pkt, packetsize);
#endif
port_number = udph->uh_sport;
if (tftp->th_opcode == htons(OACK)) {
/* an OACK means that the server answers our blocksize request */
blocksize = get_blksize(pkt, packetsize);
if (!blocksize || blocksize > MAX_BLOCKSIZE) {
send_error(fd, 8, port_number);
tftp_errno = -8;
goto error;
}
send_ack(fd, 0, port_number);
} else if (tftp->th_opcode == htons(ACK)) {
/* an ACK means that the server did not answers
* our blocksize request, therefore we will set the blocksize
* to the default value of 512 */
blocksize = 512;
send_ack(fd, 0, port_number);
} else if ((unsigned char) tftp->th_opcode == ERROR) {
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf("tftp->th_opcode : %x\n", tftp->th_opcode);
printf("tftp->th_data : %x\n", tftp->th_data);
#endif
switch ( (uint8_t) tftp->th_data) {
case ENOTFOUND:
tftp_errno = -3; // ERROR: file not found
break;
case EACCESS:
tftp_errno = -4; // ERROR: access violation
break;
case EBADOP:
tftp_errno = -5; // ERROR: illegal TFTP operation
break;
case EBADID:
tftp_errno = -6; // ERROR: unknown transfer ID
break;
case ENOUSER:
tftp_errno = -7; // ERROR: no such user
break;
default:
tftp_errno = -1; // ERROR: unknown error
}
goto error;
} else if (tftp->th_opcode == DATA) {
/* DATA PACKAGE */
if (block + 1 == tftp->th_data) {
++block;
}
else if( block == 0xffff && huge_load != 0
&& (tftp->th_data == 0 || tftp->th_data == 1) ) {
block = tftp->th_data;
}
else if (tftp->th_data == block) {
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf
("\nTFTP: Received block %x, expected block was %x\n",
tftp->th_data, block + 1);
printf("\b+ ");
#endif
send_ack(fd, tftp->th_data, port_number);
lost_packets++;
tftp_err->bad_tftp_packets++;
return 0;
} else if (tftp->th_data < block) {
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf
("\nTFTP: Received block %x, expected block was %x\n",
tftp->th_data, block + 1);
printf("\b* ");
#endif
/* This means that an old data packet appears (again);
* this happens sometimes if we don't answer fast enough
* and a timeout is generated on the server side;
* as we already have this packet we just ignore it */
tftp_err->bad_tftp_packets++;
return 0;
} else {
tftp_err->blocks_missed = block + 1;
tftp_err->blocks_received = tftp->th_data;
tftp_errno = -42;
goto error;
}
tftp_err->bad_tftp_packets = 0;
/* check if our buffer is large enough */
if (received_len + udph->uh_ulen - 12 > len) {
tftp_errno = -2;
goto error;
}
memcpy(buffer + received_len, &tftp->th_data + 1,
udph->uh_ulen - 12);
send_ack(fd, tftp->th_data, port_number);
received_len += udph->uh_ulen - 12;
/* Last packet reached if the payload of the UDP packet
* is smaller than blocksize + 12
* 12 = UDP header (8) + 4 bytes TFTP payload */
if (udph->uh_ulen < blocksize + 12) {
tftp_finished = 1;
return 0;
}
/* 0xffff is the highest block number possible
* see the TFTP RFCs */
if (block >= 0xffff && huge_load == 0) {
tftp_errno = -9;
goto error;
}
} else {
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf("Unknown packet %x\n", tftp->th_opcode);
printf("\b# ");
#endif
tftp_err->bad_tftp_packets++;
return 0;
}
return 0;
error:
#ifdef __DEBUG__
printf("\nTFTP errno: %d\n", tftp_errno);
#endif
tftp_finished = 1;
return tftp_errno;
}
/**
* TFTP: This function handles situation when "Destination unreachable"
* ICMP-error occurs during sending TFTP-packet.
*
* @param err_code Error Code (e.g. "Host unreachable")
*/
void handle_tftp_dun(uint8_t err_code)
{
tftp_errno = - err_code - 10;
tftp_finished = 1;
}
/**
* TFTP: Interface function to load files via TFTP.
*
* @param _fn_ip contains the following configuration information:
* client IP, TFTP-server IP, filename to be loaded
* @param _buffer destination buffer for the file
* @param _len size of destination buffer
* @param _retries max number of retries
* @param _tftp_err contains info about TFTP-errors (e.g. lost packets)
* @return ZERO - error condition occurs
* NON ZERO - size of received file
*/
int tftp(filename_ip_t * _fn_ip, unsigned char *_buffer, int _len,
unsigned int _retries, tftp_err_t * _tftp_err)
{
retries = _retries;
fn_ip = _fn_ip;
len = _len;
ip_version = _fn_ip->ip_version;
tftp_errno = 0;
tftp_err = _tftp_err;
tftp_err->bad_tftp_packets = 0;
tftp_err->no_packets = 0;
block = 0;
received_len = 0;
tftp_finished = 0;
lost_packets = 0;
port_number = -1;
progress_first = -1;
progress_last_bytes = 0;
huge_load = 1;
/* Default blocksize must be 512 for TFTP servers
* which do not support the RRQ blocksize option */
blocksize = 512;
/* Preferred blocksize - used as option for the read request */
sprintf(blocksize_str, "%d", MAX_BLOCKSIZE);
printf(" Receiving data: ");
print_progress(-1, 0);
/* Set buffer to a valid address, enables handling of received packets */
buffer = _buffer;
set_timer(TICKS_SEC);
send_rrq(fn_ip->fd);
while (! tftp_finished) {
/* if timeout (no packet received) */
if(get_timer() <= 0) {
/* the server doesn't seem to retry let's help out a bit */
if (tftp_err->no_packets > 4 && port_number != -1
&& block > 1) {
send_ack(fn_ip->fd, block, port_number);
}
else if (port_number == -1 && block == 0
&& (tftp_err->no_packets&3) == 3) {
printf("\nRepeating TFTP read request...\n");
send_rrq(fn_ip->fd);
}
tftp_err->no_packets++;
set_timer(TICKS_SEC);
}
/* handle received packets */
receive_ether(fn_ip->fd);
/* bad_tftp_packets are counted whenever we receive a TFTP packet
* which was not expected; if this gets larger than 'retries'
* we just exit */
if (tftp_err->bad_tftp_packets > retries) {
tftp_errno = -40;
break;
}
/* no_packets counts the times we have returned from receive_ether()
* without any packet received; if this gets larger than 'retries'
* we also just exit */
if (tftp_err->no_packets > retries) {
tftp_errno = -41;
break;
}
}
/* Setting buffer invalid to disable handling of received packets */
buffer = INVALID_BUFFER;
if (tftp_errno)
return tftp_errno;
print_progress(-1, received_len);
printf("\n");
if (lost_packets)
printf("Lost ACK packets: %d\n", lost_packets);
return received_len;
}
/**
* Parses a tftp arguments, extracts all
* parameters and fills server ip according to this
*
* Parameters:
* @param buffer string with arguments,
* @param server_ip server ip as result
* @param filename default filename
* @param fd Socket descriptor
* @param len len of the buffer,
* @return 0 on SUCCESS and -1 on failure
*/
int parse_tftp_args(char buffer[], char *server_ip, char filename[], int fd,
int len)
{
char *raw;
char *tmp, *tmp1;
int i, j = 0;
char domainname[256];
uint8_t server_ip6[16];
raw = malloc(len);
if (raw == NULL) {
printf("\n unable to allocate memory, parsing failed\n");
return -1;
}
strncpy(raw, (const char *)buffer, len);
/* tftp url contains tftp://[fd00:4f53:4444:90:214:5eff:fed9:b200]/testfile */
if (strncmp(raw, "tftp://", 7)){
printf("\n tftp missing in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;
}
tmp = strchr(raw, '[');
if (tmp != NULL && *tmp == '[') {
/* check for valid ipv6 address */
tmp1 = strchr(tmp, ']');
if (tmp1 == NULL) {
printf("\n missing ] in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;
}
i = tmp1 - tmp;
/* look for file name */
tmp1 = strchr(tmp, '/');
if (tmp1 == NULL) {
printf("\n missing filename in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;
}
tmp[i] = '\0';
/* check for 16 byte ipv6 address */
if (!str_to_ipv6(tmp + 1, (uint8_t *)server_ip)) {
printf("\n wrong format IPV6 address in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;;
}
else {
/* found filename */
strcpy(filename, tmp1 + 1);
free(raw);
return 0;
}
}
else {
/* here tftp://hostname/testfile from option request of dhcp */
/* look for dns server name */
tmp1 = strchr(raw, '.');
if (tmp1 == NULL) {
printf("\n missing . separator in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;
}
/* look for domain name beyond dns server name
* so ignore the current . and look for one more */
tmp = strchr(tmp1 + 1, '.');
if (tmp == NULL) {
printf("\n missing domain in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;
}
tmp1 = strchr(tmp1, '/');
if (tmp1 == NULL) {
printf("\n missing filename in %s\n", raw);
free(raw);
return -1;
}
j = tmp1 - (raw + 7);
tmp = raw + 7;
tmp[j] = '\0';
strcpy(domainname, tmp);
if (dns_get_ip(fd, domainname, server_ip6, 6) == 0) {
printf("\n DNS failed for IPV6\n");
return -1;
}
ipv6_to_str(server_ip6, server_ip);
strcpy(filename, tmp1 + 1);
free(raw);
return 0;
}
}
int tftp_get_error_info(filename_ip_t *fnip, tftp_err_t *tftperr, int rc,
const char **errstr, int *ecode)
{
static char estrbuf[80];
if (rc == -1) {
*ecode = 0x3003;
*errstr = "unknown TFTP error";
return -103;
} else if (rc == -2) {
*ecode = 0x3004;
snprintf(estrbuf, sizeof(estrbuf),
"TFTP buffer of %d bytes is too small for %s", len,
fnip->filename);
*errstr = estrbuf;
return -104;
} else if (rc == -3) {
*ecode = 0x3009;
snprintf(estrbuf, sizeof(estrbuf), "file not found: %s",
fnip->filename);
*errstr = estrbuf;
return -108;
} else if (rc == -4) {
*ecode = 0x3010;
*errstr = "TFTP access violation";
return -109;
} else if (rc == -5) {
*ecode = 0x3011;
*errstr = "illegal TFTP operation";
return -110;
} else if (rc == -6) {
*ecode = 0x3012;
*errstr = "unknown TFTP transfer ID";
return -111;
} else if (rc == -7) {
*ecode = 0x3013;
*errstr = "no such TFTP user";
return -112;
} else if (rc == -8) {
*ecode = 0x3017;
*errstr = "TFTP blocksize negotiation failed";
return -116;
} else if (rc == -9) {
*ecode = 0x3018;
*errstr = "file exceeds maximum TFTP transfer size";
return -117;
} else if (rc <= -10 && rc >= -15) {
const char *icmp_err_str;
switch (rc) {
case -ICMP_NET_UNREACHABLE - 10:
icmp_err_str = "net unreachable";
break;
case -ICMP_HOST_UNREACHABLE - 10:
icmp_err_str = "host unreachable";
break;
case -ICMP_PROTOCOL_UNREACHABLE - 10:
icmp_err_str = "protocol unreachable";
break;
case -ICMP_PORT_UNREACHABLE - 10:
icmp_err_str = "port unreachable";
break;
case -ICMP_FRAGMENTATION_NEEDED - 10:
icmp_err_str = "fragmentation needed and DF set";
break;
case -ICMP_SOURCE_ROUTE_FAILED - 10:
icmp_err_str = "source route failed";
break;
default:
icmp_err_str = "UNKNOWN";
break;
}
*ecode = 0x3005;
sprintf(estrbuf, "ICMP ERROR \"%s\"", icmp_err_str);
*errstr = estrbuf;
return -105;
} else if (rc == -40) {
*ecode = 0x3014;
sprintf(estrbuf,
"TFTP error occurred after %d bad packets received",
tftperr->bad_tftp_packets);
*errstr = estrbuf;
return -113;
} else if (rc == -41) {
*ecode = 0x3015;
sprintf(estrbuf,
"TFTP error occurred after missing %d responses",
tftperr->no_packets);
*errstr = estrbuf;
return -114;
} else if (rc == -42) {
*ecode = 0x3016;
sprintf(estrbuf,
"TFTP error missing block %d, expected block was %d",
tftperr->blocks_missed, tftperr->blocks_received);
*errstr = estrbuf;
return -115;
}
return rc;
}
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