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#' (Signed) rank transformation
#'
#' Transform numeric values with the integers of their rank (i.e., 1st smallest,
#' 2nd smallest, 3rd smallest, etc.). Setting the `sign` argument to `TRUE` will
#' give you signed ranks, where the ranking is done according to absolute size
#' but where the sign is preserved (i.e., 2, 1, -3, 4).
#'
#' @param x Object.
#' @param sign Logical, if `TRUE`, return signed ranks.
#' @param method Treatment of ties. Can be one of `"average"` (default),
#' `"first"`, `"last"`, `"random"`, `"max"` or `"min"`. See [rank()] for
#' details.
#' @param ... Arguments passed to or from other methods.
#' @inheritParams find_columns
#' @inheritParams standardize.data.frame
#'
#' @inheritSection center Selection of variables - the `select` argument
#'
#' @examples
#' ranktransform(c(0, 1, 5, -5, -2))
#' ranktransform(c(0, 1, 5, -5, -2), sign = TRUE)
#'
#' head(ranktransform(trees))
#' @return A rank-transformed object.
#'
#' @family transform utilities
#'
#' @export
ranktransform <- function(x, ...) {
UseMethod("ranktransform")
}
#' @rdname ranktransform
#' @export
ranktransform.numeric <- function(x,
sign = FALSE,
method = "average",
verbose = TRUE,
...) {
# no change if all values are `NA`s
if (all(is.na(x))) {
return(x)
}
# Warning if only one value and return early
if (insight::has_single_value(x)) {
if (is.null(names(x))) {
name <- deparse(substitute(x))
} else {
name <- names(x)
}
if (verbose) {
insight::format_warning(paste0("Variable `", name, "` contains only one unique value and will not be normalized."))
}
return(x)
}
# Warning if only two values present but don't return early
if (length(unique(x)) == 2L) {
if (is.null(names(x))) {
name <- deparse(substitute(x))
} else {
name <- names(x)
}
if (verbose) {
insight::format_warning(paste0("Variable `", name, "` contains only two different values. Consider converting it to a factor."))
}
}
if (sign) {
ZEROES <- x == 0
if (any(ZEROES) && verbose) insight::format_warning("Zeros detected. These cannot be sign-rank transformed.")
out <- rep(NA, length(x))
out[!ZEROES] <- sign(x[!ZEROES]) * rank(abs(x[!ZEROES]), ties.method = method, na.last = "keep")
} else {
out <- rank(x, ties.method = method, na.last = "keep")
}
out
}
#' @export
ranktransform.factor <- function(x, ...) {
x
}
#' @export
ranktransform.grouped_df <- function(x,
select = NULL,
exclude = NULL,
sign = FALSE,
method = "average",
ignore_case = FALSE,
regex = FALSE,
verbose = TRUE,
...) {
info <- attributes(x)
# works only for dplyr >= 0.8.0
grps <- attr(x, "groups", exact = TRUE)[[".rows"]]
# evaluate arguments
select <- .select_nse(select,
x,
exclude,
ignore_case,
regex = regex,
verbose = verbose
)
x <- as.data.frame(x)
for (rows in grps) {
x[rows, ] <- ranktransform(
x[rows, , drop = FALSE],
select = select,
exclude = exclude,
sign = sign,
method = method,
...
)
}
# set back class, so data frame still works with dplyr
attributes(x) <- info
x
}
#' @rdname ranktransform
#' @export
ranktransform.data.frame <- function(x,
select = NULL,
exclude = NULL,
sign = FALSE,
method = "average",
ignore_case = FALSE,
regex = FALSE,
verbose = TRUE,
...) {
# evaluate arguments
select <- .select_nse(select,
x,
exclude,
ignore_case,
regex = regex,
verbose = verbose
)
x[select] <- lapply(x[select], ranktransform, sign = sign, method = method)
x
}
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