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% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand
% Please edit documentation in R/geom-ribbon.r, R/stat-align.R
\name{geom_ribbon}
\alias{geom_ribbon}
\alias{geom_area}
\alias{stat_align}
\title{Ribbons and area plots}
\usage{
geom_ribbon(
mapping = NULL,
data = NULL,
stat = "identity",
position = "identity",
...,
na.rm = FALSE,
orientation = NA,
show.legend = NA,
inherit.aes = TRUE,
outline.type = "both"
)
geom_area(
mapping = NULL,
data = NULL,
stat = "align",
position = "stack",
na.rm = FALSE,
orientation = NA,
show.legend = NA,
inherit.aes = TRUE,
...,
outline.type = "upper"
)
stat_align(
mapping = NULL,
data = NULL,
geom = "area",
position = "identity",
...,
na.rm = FALSE,
show.legend = NA,
inherit.aes = TRUE
)
}
\arguments{
\item{mapping}{Set of aesthetic mappings created by \code{\link[=aes]{aes()}}. If specified and
\code{inherit.aes = TRUE} (the default), it is combined with the default mapping
at the top level of the plot. You must supply \code{mapping} if there is no plot
mapping.}
\item{data}{The data to be displayed in this layer. There are three
options:
If \code{NULL}, the default, the data is inherited from the plot
data as specified in the call to \code{\link[=ggplot]{ggplot()}}.
A \code{data.frame}, or other object, will override the plot
data. All objects will be fortified to produce a data frame. See
\code{\link[=fortify]{fortify()}} for which variables will be created.
A \code{function} will be called with a single argument,
the plot data. The return value must be a \code{data.frame}, and
will be used as the layer data. A \code{function} can be created
from a \code{formula} (e.g. \code{~ head(.x, 10)}).}
\item{stat}{The statistical transformation to use on the data for this
layer, either as a \code{ggproto} \code{Geom} subclass or as a string naming the
stat stripped of the \code{stat_} prefix (e.g. \code{"count"} rather than
\code{"stat_count"})}
\item{position}{Position adjustment, either as a string naming the adjustment
(e.g. \code{"jitter"} to use \code{position_jitter}), or the result of a call to a
position adjustment function. Use the latter if you need to change the
settings of the adjustment.}
\item{...}{Other arguments passed on to \code{\link[=layer]{layer()}}. These are
often aesthetics, used to set an aesthetic to a fixed value, like
\code{colour = "red"} or \code{size = 3}. They may also be parameters
to the paired geom/stat.}
\item{na.rm}{If \code{FALSE}, the default, missing values are removed with
a warning. If \code{TRUE}, missing values are silently removed.}
\item{orientation}{The orientation of the layer. The default (\code{NA})
automatically determines the orientation from the aesthetic mapping. In the
rare event that this fails it can be given explicitly by setting \code{orientation}
to either \code{"x"} or \code{"y"}. See the \emph{Orientation} section for more detail.}
\item{show.legend}{logical. Should this layer be included in the legends?
\code{NA}, the default, includes if any aesthetics are mapped.
\code{FALSE} never includes, and \code{TRUE} always includes.
It can also be a named logical vector to finely select the aesthetics to
display.}
\item{inherit.aes}{If \code{FALSE}, overrides the default aesthetics,
rather than combining with them. This is most useful for helper functions
that define both data and aesthetics and shouldn't inherit behaviour from
the default plot specification, e.g. \code{\link[=borders]{borders()}}.}
\item{outline.type}{Type of the outline of the area; \code{"both"} draws both the
upper and lower lines, \code{"upper"}/\code{"lower"} draws the respective lines only.
\code{"full"} draws a closed polygon around the area.}
\item{geom}{The geometric object to use to display the data, either as a
\code{ggproto} \code{Geom} subclass or as a string naming the geom stripped of the
\code{geom_} prefix (e.g. \code{"point"} rather than \code{"geom_point"})}
}
\description{
For each x value, \code{geom_ribbon()} displays a y interval defined
by \code{ymin} and \code{ymax}. \code{geom_area()} is a special case of
\code{geom_ribbon()}, where the \code{ymin} is fixed to 0 and \code{y} is used instead
of \code{ymax}.
}
\details{
An area plot is the continuous analogue of a stacked bar chart (see
\code{\link[=geom_bar]{geom_bar()}}), and can be used to show how composition of the
whole varies over the range of x. Choosing the order in which different
components is stacked is very important, as it becomes increasing hard to
see the individual pattern as you move up the stack. See
\code{\link[=position_stack]{position_stack()}} for the details of stacking algorithm. To facilitate
stacking, the default \code{stat = "align"} interpolates groups to a common set
of x-coordinates. To turn off this interpolation, \code{stat = "identity"} can
be used instead.
}
\section{Orientation}{
This geom treats each axis differently and, thus, can thus have two orientations. Often the orientation is easy to deduce from a combination of the given mappings and the types of positional scales in use. Thus, ggplot2 will by default try to guess which orientation the layer should have. Under rare circumstances, the orientation is ambiguous and guessing may fail. In that case the orientation can be specified directly using the \code{orientation} parameter, which can be either \code{"x"} or \code{"y"}. The value gives the axis that the geom should run along, \code{"x"} being the default orientation you would expect for the geom.
}
\section{Aesthetics}{
\code{geom_ribbon()} understands the following aesthetics (required aesthetics are in bold):
\itemize{
\item \strong{\code{x} \emph{or} \code{y}}
\item \strong{\code{ymin} \emph{or} \code{xmin}}
\item \strong{\code{ymax} \emph{or} \code{xmax}}
\item \code{alpha}
\item \code{colour}
\item \code{fill}
\item \code{group}
\item \code{linetype}
\item \code{linewidth}
}
Learn more about setting these aesthetics in \code{vignette("ggplot2-specs")}.
}
\examples{
# Generate data
huron <- data.frame(year = 1875:1972, level = as.vector(LakeHuron))
h <- ggplot(huron, aes(year))
h + geom_ribbon(aes(ymin=0, ymax=level))
h + geom_area(aes(y = level))
# Orientation cannot be deduced by mapping, so must be given explicitly for
# flipped orientation
h + geom_area(aes(x = level, y = year), orientation = "y")
# Add aesthetic mappings
h +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = level - 1, ymax = level + 1), fill = "grey70") +
geom_line(aes(y = level))
# The underlying stat_align() takes care of unaligned data points
df <- data.frame(
g = c("a", "a", "a", "b", "b", "b"),
x = c(1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 6),
y = c(2, 5, 1, 3, 6, 7)
)
a <- ggplot(df, aes(x, y, fill = g)) +
geom_area()
# Two groups have points on different X values.
a + geom_point(size = 8) + facet_grid(g ~ .)
# stat_align() interpolates and aligns the value so that the areas can stack
# properly.
a + geom_point(stat = "align", position = "stack", size = 8)
# To turn off the alignment, the stat can be set to "identity"
ggplot(df, aes(x, y, fill = g)) +
geom_area(stat = "identity")
}
\seealso{
\code{\link[=geom_bar]{geom_bar()}} for discrete intervals (bars),
\code{\link[=geom_linerange]{geom_linerange()}} for discrete intervals (lines),
\code{\link[=geom_polygon]{geom_polygon()}} for general polygons
}
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