/*

  rexec.c -- Copyright 1996 by Michael Sadd (sadd@msc.cornell.edu)

  Version 1.4 Jul. 6, 1997

  Permission is given to freely distribute this program
  provided this source is included and this copyright notice and
  header remain.

  This program calls the system rexec subroutine to 
  act as a rexec client.

  Please report bugs and system incompatibilities to me.

  I have compiled this under Linux 2.0.18, libc5.3.12 and gcc2.7.2, as well
  as under AIX 3.2 and 4.1 using gcc.  It is meant for Linux, however,
  but should be portable to other systems.  Please let me know if there
  are problems.
  
  Usage: rexec [ -acdhns ] -l username -p password host command
     -l username: Sets the login name for the remote host.
     -p password: Sets the password for the remote host.
     -n: Explicitly prompt for name and password.  Otherwise,
         $HOME/.netrc will be scanned for login information.
     -a: Do not set up an auxiliary channel for standard error from command;
         the remote standard error and output are then both returned on the
         local standard output.
     -b: Use BSD rsh style signal handling.
     -c: Do not close remote standard input when local standard input closes.
     -d: Turn on debugging information.
     -h: Print this usage message.
     -s: Do not echo signals received by the rexec onto the remote
         process.  Normally, signals which can be trapped are passed
         on to the remote process; then, when you type CNTRL-C, the remote
         process terminates as well.
     --: Signals end of options to allow options in `command`


  Example:

  ~/bin@athens% rexec othermachine -- cat ">remote_file; date" <local_file 
  Fri Sep 13 02:25:20 EDT 1996
  
  Here my password and user name are set up in $HOME/.netrc.

  The only option that is very useful is -n; even then, if you haven't
  set up a password in $HOME/.netrc, you should still be prompted.

  */


#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#ifndef FD_SETSIZE
#include <sys/select.h>
#endif

#define DEFAULT_PORT 512
#define MAX_PORT IPPORT_RESERVED
#define EXTRA_PORT_LOW IPPORT_USERRESERVED
#define EXTRA_PORT_MAX (EXTRA_PORT_LOW + 10000)
#define BUFLEN BUFSIZ
#ifndef EAGAIN
#ifdef EWOULDBLOCK
#define EAGAIN EWOULDBLOCK
#else
#define EAGAIN 0
#endif
#endif
#ifdef _PASSWORD_LEN
#define USERLEN _PASSWORD_LEN
#else 
#define USERLEN 256
#endif
#ifndef SA_RESTART
#define SA_RESTART 0
#endif

typedef void (*SIGHANDLER_T)(int);

void parse_options(char *argv[], int argc, int *debug, int *extra_error,
		   int *close_on_stdin, int *prompt, int *pass_sig,
		   char **host, char **command, char **user_name, 
		   char **passwd);
void usage(char *name);
int echo_fd(int fd_to, int fd_from, char *prog_name, int debug);
void set_signal(int sig, SIGHANDLER_T handler);
void echo_sig(int sig);
void safe_write_error(const char *message);

/* These need to be global for signal passing. */
int aux_sock=-1; /* Socket for auxiliary channel. */
int extra_error = 1; /* Setup special channel for standard error? */
int bsd = 0; /* BSD compatible signals? */
int bsd_signals[] = {SIGINT,SIGQUIT,SIGTERM};
int debug = 0;  /* Turn on debugging info? */
char *progname;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  
  /* Program options and parameters. */
  int prompt = 0; /* Prompt for name and password? */
  int close_on_stdin = 1; /* Close socket on stdin, not on remote host. */
  int pass_sig = 1; /* Should we pass signals to the remote process? */
  char *host; /* Host name of remote machine. */
  char *command; /* Command string to be executed on remote machine. */
  /* Other variables. */
  char *user_name = NULL, *passwd = NULL, user_buf[USERLEN];
  struct servent *service; /* Returned from service datata base, give port. */
  int port_exec; /* Rexec port to use. */
  int sock; /* Rexec socket. */
  int *p_to_aux_sock; /* Pointer to socket for auxiliary channel. */
  int sock_open, stdin_open, aux_open, shut_down; /* Open file descriptor flags. */

  progname=argv[0];
  parse_options(argv, argc, &debug, &extra_error, &close_on_stdin, &prompt,
		&pass_sig, &host, &command, &user_name, &passwd);

  service = getservbyname("exec","tcp");
  if ( (port_exec = service->s_port) >= MAX_PORT )
  {
    if (debug)
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: getservbyname returned port %d\n",argv[0],
	      ntohs(port_exec));
      fprintf(stderr,"Using default port number %d instead.\n",DEFAULT_PORT);
    }
    port_exec = htons(DEFAULT_PORT);
  }
  
  /* Non-zero  p_to_aux_sock is signal to rexec(3) to establish
     auxilliary socket for standard error and signal passing. */
  if ( extra_error ) 
    p_to_aux_sock = &aux_sock; 
  else /* else we just want standard error directed as standar out--no aux */
    p_to_aux_sock = NULL;

  if ( user_name == NULL )
    user_name = getenv("REXEC_USER");
  if ( passwd == NULL )
    passwd = getenv("REXEC_PASS");

  if (prompt || !user_name || !passwd)
  {
    FILE *term_in,*term_out;
    
    if ( ( term_in = fopen("/dev/tty","r+")) == NULL)
    {
      term_in = stdin;
      term_out = stderr;
    }
    else
      term_out = term_in;
    fprintf(term_out,"Username at %s: ",host);
    user_name = fgets(user_buf,USERLEN,term_in);
    user_name[strlen(user_name)-1] = '\0'; /* Hopefully fgets always adds
					      a newline. */
    passwd = getpass("Password: ");
  }

  if ( (sock = rexec(&host, port_exec, user_name, passwd, command, 
		     p_to_aux_sock)) < 0 )
  {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error in rexec system call: ",argv[0]);
    perror(NULL);
    exit(1);
  }

  /* Check to see if auxilliary socket really set. */
  if ( extra_error && ( p_to_aux_sock == NULL ) ) {
    extra_error = 0;
    if (debug) {
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: Separate channel for standard error not opened.\n",
              progname);
    }
  }

  if ( pass_sig && p_to_aux_sock ) 
  {
    int sig;
    
    if (bsd) 
    {
      for (sig = 0; sig < sizeof(bsd_signals)/sizeof(int); ++sig)
	set_signal(bsd_signals[sig],echo_sig);
    } else {
      for (sig = 1; sig < NSIG; ++sig)
	set_signal(sig,echo_sig);
    }
  }    

  sock_open = stdin_open = aux_open = 1;
  shut_down = 0;
  while (sock_open || ( aux_open && extra_error )) /* echo stdin -> remote host
						      remote host -> stdout
	                           until the remote host closes the socket. */
  {
    fd_set read_set;
    int select_ret;

    FD_ZERO(&read_set);
    if (stdin_open)
      FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &read_set);
    if (sock_open)
      FD_SET(sock, &read_set);
    if ( extra_error && aux_open )
      FD_SET(aux_sock, &read_set);


    /* Using an infinite timeout in select (last parameter = NULL). */
    do {
      errno =0;
      select_ret=select(FD_SETSIZE, &read_set, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    } while ( errno == EINTR );

    if ( select_ret < 0 )
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error in select system call: ",argv[0]);
      perror(NULL);
      exit(1);
    }

    if ( FD_ISSET(sock, &read_set) ) /* Input available from remote host. */
      sock_open = echo_fd(STDOUT_FILENO, sock, argv[0], debug);

    if ( FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &read_set) )  /* Input available from stdin. */
      stdin_open = echo_fd(sock, STDIN_FILENO,  argv[0], debug);

    if ( extra_error && FD_ISSET(aux_sock, &read_set) )
      aux_open = echo_fd(STDERR_FILENO, aux_sock, argv[0], debug);

    if ( ! stdin_open && close_on_stdin && ! shut_down ) 
    {
      if (shutdown(sock, 1) <0)
      {
	fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error from shutdown: ",argv[0]);
	perror(NULL);
	exit(1);
      }
      shut_down = 1;
    }

  }

  return 0;
}


#define OPTIONS "+dahncbsl:p:"
extern char *optarg;
extern int optopt;

void parse_options(char *argv[], int argc, int *debug, int *extra_error,
		   int *close_on_stdin, int *prompt, int *pass_sig,
		   char **host, char **command, char **user_name, 
		   char **passwd)
{
  int opt;
  int len = 0,ind;

  while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, OPTIONS)) > 0)
    switch (opt)
    {
    case 'l':
      if (optarg != NULL)
	*user_name=strcpy((char *)malloc((strlen(optarg)+1)*sizeof(char)),optarg);
      break;
    case 'p':
      if ( optarg!= NULL )
      {
        int passlen = strlen(optarg);

	*passwd=strcpy((char *)malloc((passlen+1)*sizeof(char)),optarg);
        for (ind = 0; ind < passlen; ++ind)
          optarg[ind] = '\0';
      }
      break;
    case 'd':
      *debug = 1;
      break;
    case 'a':
      *extra_error = 0;
      break;
    case 'h':
      usage(argv[0]);
      break;
    case 'n':
      *prompt = 1;
      break;
    case 'c':
      *close_on_stdin = 0;
      break;
    case 'b':
      bsd = 1;
      break;
    case 's':
      *pass_sig = 0;
      break;
    default:
      /*fprintf(stderr,"%s: Unknown option -%c\n",argv[0],(char)optopt);*/
      usage(argv[0]);
      break;
    }
  if ( optind + 2  >  argc ) /* User must have omitted host and command. */
  {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: Require at least a host name and command.\n",argv[0]);
    usage(argv[0]);
  }
  *host = argv[optind++];
  if ( strcmp(argv[optind],"-l" ) == 0 )
  {
    if ( (optind += 2 ) >= argc )
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: Require a remote command to execute.\n",argv[0]);
      usage(argv[0]);
    }
    *user_name=argv[optind-1];
  }
  for ( ind = optind; ind < argc; ++ind)
    len += strlen(argv[ind])+1;
  *command = (char *) malloc((len+1)*sizeof(char));
  **command = '\0';
  if (optind < argc) strcpy(*command, argv[optind]);
  for ( ind = optind+1; (ind < argc) && strcat(*command," "); ++ind)
    (void) strcat(*command, argv[ind]);

  if (*debug)
  {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: Host = %s\n", argv[0], *host);
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: Command to execute = %s\n", argv[0], *command);
  }
}
      
void usage(char *name)
{
  fprintf(stderr,"Usage: %s [ -abcdhns ] -l username -p password  host command\n", name);
  fprintf(stderr,
	  "     -l username: Sets the login name for the remote host.\n"
	  "     -p password: Sets the password for the remote host.\n"
	  "     -n: Explicitly prompt for name and password.\n"
	  "     -a: Do not set up an auxiliary channel for standard error.\n"
	  "     -b: Use BSD-rsh type signal handling.\n"
	  "     -c: Do not close remote standard in when local input closes\n"
	  "     -d: Turn on debugging information.\n"
	  "     -h: Print this usage message.\n"
	  "     -s: Do not echo signals to the remote process. \n");
  exit(1);
}

/* Echo's available input from fd_from to fd_to.  Returns
   zero on end of file. */
int echo_fd(int fd_to, int fd_from, char *prog_name, int debug)
{
  int sock_read, sock_send;
  char buffer[BUFLEN],*write_buf;

  if ( (sock_read = read(fd_from, buffer, BUFLEN)) < 0 )
  {
    fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error in read from remote host: ", prog_name);
    perror(NULL);
    exit(1);
  }
  
  for(write_buf=buffer,sock_send=sock_read; sock_send; )
  {
    int ch =  write(fd_to, write_buf, sock_send);
    if (ch < 0 ) {
      if ( errno == EAGAIN )
	continue;
      perror(progname);
      exit(1);
    }
    sock_send -= ch;
    write_buf += ch;
    if (debug && sock_send)
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: sent only %d of %d bytes received.\n",progname,ch,
	      sock_read);
  }      

  return sock_read;
}


void set_signal(int sig, SIGHANDLER_T handler)
{

  switch (sig)
  {
    struct sigaction action;

  case SIGKILL:
  case SIGSTOP:
    return;
    break;
  default:
    if ( sigaction(sig, NULL, &action) < 0 )
    {
      perror(progname);
      exit(1);
    }
    if ( action.sa_handler != SIG_IGN )
    {
      action.sa_handler = handler;
      action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
      (void) sigemptyset(&(action.sa_mask));
      if ( sigaction(sig, &action, NULL) < 0 )
      {
	perror(progname);
	exit(1);
      }
    }
  }

}


#define SAFEMSGSIZ 512

void echo_sig(int sig)
{
  char sigch = (char) sig;
  static char safe_msg[SAFEMSGSIZ];
  int saved_errno = errno;

  if (debug) {
    sprintf(safe_msg,"rexec: echo_sig: received signal %d\n",sig);
    safe_write_error(safe_msg);
  }

  if ( (aux_sock > 0) && (write(aux_sock, &sigch, 1) < 1) && debug ) {
    sprintf(safe_msg,"Error: Signal %d was not properly sent to the remote "
	    "process.\n",sig);
    safe_write_error(safe_msg);
  }    
    
  
  if ( sig == SIGTSTP ) {
    sprintf(safe_msg,"%s: The stop signal does not translate correctly to all"
	    " remote hosts.\nDepending on the host, your remote process may "
	    "still be running.\n",progname);
    safe_write_error(safe_msg);
  }    


  if ( ! bsd ) {
    sigset_t sig_mask;
    
    set_signal(sig,SIG_DFL);
    (void)sigemptyset(&sig_mask);
    (void)sigaddset(&sig_mask, sig);
    if ( sigprocmask( SIG_UNBLOCK, &sig_mask, NULL) < 0 ) {
      perror(progname);
      exit(1);
    }

    kill(getpid(), sig);     /*    raise(sig), but more prortable. */

    set_signal(sig, echo_sig);
  }

  errno = saved_errno;

}

void safe_write_error(const char *message) {

  int msg_len = strlen(message);
  /* Ignore error condition--If this doesn't work, not much can be done. */
  (void) write(STDERR_FILENO, message, msg_len);

}

/*
void set_no_blocking(int fd)
{
  int old_flag = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0);
  
  if (old_flag < 0)
  {
    perror("Error in fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0):");
    exit(1);
  }
  if ( fcntl(fd, old_flag | O_NONBLOCK) < 0 )
  {
    perror("Error in fcntl(fd, old_flag | O_NONBLOCK)");
    exit(1);
  }

}
*/
/*

    int port_extra; 
    struct sockaddr_in aux_name; 
    int found_port = 0;

    if (debug)
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: Attempting to allocate channel for remote "
	      "standard error\n", argv[0]);
    
    if ( (aux_sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM , 0)) < 0)
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error in socket call: ",argv[0]);
      perror(NULL);
      exit(1);
    }

    aux_name.sin_family = AF_INET;
    aux_name.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);

    for ( port_extra = EXTRA_PORT_LOW; port_extra < EXTRA_PORT_MAX; 
	  ++port_extra)
    {
      aux_name.sin_port = htons(port_extra);
      if ( found_port = (bind(aux_sock, (struct sockaddr *) &aux_name, 
		 sizeof(aux_name)) == 0) )
	break;
      switch (errno)
      {
      case EADDRNOTAVAIL:
      case EADDRINUSE:
      case EACCES:
	if (debug) 
	{
	  fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error from bind for port No. %d: ",argv[0],
		  port_extra);
	  perror(NULL);
	  fprintf(stderr,"Will try next port...\n");
	}
	break;
      default:
	fprintf(stderr,"%s: Error binding to socket for aux. channel: ",
		argv[0]);
	perror(NULL);
	exit(1);
	break;
      }
    }
    
    if ( ! found_port )
    {
      fprintf(stderr,"%s: Could not find available port for auxiliary ",
	      argv[0]);
      fprintf(stderr,"channel in port range %d to %d.\n",EXTRA_PORT_LOW,
	      EXTRA_PORT_MAX);
      exit(1);
    }
    p_to_aux_sock = &aux_sock;

*/