#
# Copyright (c) 2008 RightScale Inc
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
# a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
# "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
# without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
# distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
# permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
# the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
# OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
# WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
#

module Aws

  class SdbInterface < AwsBase

    include AwsBaseInterface

    DEFAULT_HOST               = 'sdb.amazonaws.com'
    DEFAULT_PORT               = 443
    DEFAULT_PROTOCOL           = 'https'
    DEFAULT_SERVICE            = '/'
    API_VERSION                = '2009-04-15'
    DEFAULT_NIL_REPRESENTATION = 'nil'

    def self.connection_name
      :s3_connection
    end

    @@bench = AwsBenchmarkingBlock.new

    def self.bench
      @@bench
    end

    def self.bench_xml;
      @@bench.xml;
    end

    def self.bench_sdb;
      @@bench.service;
    end

    attr_reader :last_query_expression

    # Creates new RightSdb instance.
    #
    # Params:
    #    { :server       => 'sdb.amazonaws.com'  # Amazon service host: 'sdb.amazonaws.com'(default)
    #      :port         => 443                  # Amazon service port: 80(default) or 443
    #      :protocol     => 'https'              # Amazon service protocol: 'http'(default) or 'https'
    #      :signature_version => '2'             # The signature version : '0', '1' or '2' (default)
    #      DEPRECATED :multi_thread => true|false           # Multi-threaded (connection per each thread): true or false(default)
    #      :connection_mode  => :default         # options are :default (will use best known option, may change in the future)
    #                                                  :per_request (opens and closes a connection on every request to SDB)
    #                                                  :single - one connection shared across app (same as old multi_thread=>false)
    #                                                  :per_thread - one connection per ruby thread (same as old multi_thread=>true)
    #                                                  :pool (uses a connection pool with a maximum number of connections - NOT IMPLEMENTED YET)
    #      :logger       => Logger Object        # Logger instance: logs to STDOUT if omitted
    #      :nil_representation => 'mynil'}       # interpret Ruby nil as this string value; i.e. use this string in SDB to represent Ruby nils (default is the string 'nil')
    #      :service      => '/'	                 # Set this to /mdb/request.mgwsi for usage with M/DB #
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #  sdb = Aws::SdbInterface.new('1E3GDYEOGFJPIT7XXXXXX','hgTHt68JY07JKUY08ftHYtERkjgtfERn57XXXXXX', {:connection_mode => :per_request, :logger => Logger.new('/tmp/x.log')}) #=> #<RightSdb:0xa6b8c27c>
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/
    #
    def initialize(aws_access_key_id=nil, aws_secret_access_key=nil, params={})
      @nil_rep = params[:nil_representation] ? params[:nil_representation] : DEFAULT_NIL_REPRESENTATION
      params.delete(:nil_representation)
      init({:name             => 'SDB',
            :default_host     => ENV['SDB_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['SDB_URL']).host : DEFAULT_HOST,
            :default_port     => ENV['SDB_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['SDB_URL']).port : DEFAULT_PORT,
            :default_protocol => ENV['SDB_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['SDB_URL']).scheme : DEFAULT_PROTOCOL,
            :default_service  => ENV['SDB_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['SDB_URL']).path : DEFAULT_SERVICE},
           #             :service_endpoint => ENV['SDB_URL'] ? URI.parse(ENV['SDB_URL']).path   : DEFAULT_ENDPOINT },
           aws_access_key_id || ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
           aws_secret_access_key || ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
           params)
    end

    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
    #      Requests
    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
    def generate_request(action, params={}, options={}) #:nodoc:
      generate_request2(@aws_access_key_id, @aws_secret_access_key, action, API_VERSION, @params, params, options)
    end


    # Sends request to Amazon and parses the response
    # Raises AwsError if any banana happened
    def request_info(request, parser, options={}) #:nodoc:
#       request_info2(request, parser, :sdb_connection)
      request_info2(request, parser, @params, :sdb_connection, @logger, @@bench, options)

    end

    # Prepare attributes for putting.
    # (used by put_attributes)
    def pack_attributes(attributes, replace = false, key_prefix = "") #:nodoc:
      result = {}
      if attributes
        idx         = 0
        skip_values = attributes.is_a?(Array)
        attributes.each do |attribute, values|
          # set replacement attribute
          result["#{key_prefix}Attribute.#{idx}.Replace"] = 'true' if replace
          # pack Name/Value
          unless values.nil?
            Array(values).each do |value|
              result["#{key_prefix}Attribute.#{idx}.Name"] = attribute
              result["#{key_prefix}Attribute.#{idx}.Value"] = ruby_to_sdb(value) unless skip_values
              idx += 1
            end
          else
            result["#{key_prefix}Attribute.#{idx}.Name"] = attribute
            result["#{key_prefix}Attribute.#{idx}.Value"] = ruby_to_sdb(nil) unless skip_values
            idx += 1
          end
        end
      end
      result
    end


    # Use this helper to manually escape the fields in the query expressions.
    # To escape the single quotes and backslashes and to wrap the string into the single quotes.
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API.html
    #
    def escape(value)
#       %Q{'#{value.to_s.gsub(/(['\\])/) { "\\#{$1}" }}'} if value
     %{'#{value.to_s.gsub(/(['\\])/){"#{$1}#{$1}"}}'} if value
    end

    # Convert a Ruby language value to a SDB value by replacing Ruby nil with the user's chosen string representation of nil.
    # Non-nil values are unaffected by this filter.
    def ruby_to_sdb(value)
#        puts "value #{value} is frozen? #{value.frozen?}"
#      value.nil? ? @nil_rep : ((value.frozen? || !value.is_a?(String)) ? value : value.force_encoding("UTF-8"))
      value.nil? ? @nil_rep : value
    end

    # Convert a SDB value to a Ruby language value by replacing the user's chosen string representation of nil with Ruby nil.
    # Values are unaffected by this filter unless they match the nil representation exactly.
    def sdb_to_ruby(value)
      value.eql?(@nil_rep) ? nil : value
    end

    # Convert select and query_with_attributes responses to a Ruby language values by replacing the user's chosen string representation of nil with Ruby nil.
    # (This method affects on a passed response value)
    def select_response_to_ruby(response) #:nodoc:
      response[:items].each_with_index do |item, idx|
        item.each do |key, attributes|
          attributes.each do |name, values|
            values.collect! { |value| sdb_to_ruby(value) }
          end
        end
      end
      response
    end

    # Create query expression from an array.
    # (similar to ActiveRecord::Base#find using :conditions => ['query', param1, .., paramN])
    #
    def query_expression_from_array(params) #:nodoc:
      return '' if Aws::Utils.blank?(params)
      query = params[0].to_s
      i     = 1
      query.gsub(/(\\)?(\?)/) do
        if $1 # if escaped '\?' is found - replace it by '?' without backslash
          "?"
        else # well, if no backslash precedes '?' then replace it by next param from the list
          case params[i]
          when Array
            ret = "(#{params[i].map{|p| escape(p)}.join(",")})"
          else
            ret = escape(params[i])
          end
          i   +=1
          ret
        end
      end
    end

    def query_expression_from_hash(hash)
      return '' if Aws::Utils.blank?(hash)
      expression = []
      hash.each do |key, value|
        expression << "#{key}=#{escape(value)}"
      end
      expression.join(' AND ')
    end

    # Retrieve a list of SDB domains from Amazon.
    #
    # Returns a hash:
    #   { :domains     => [domain1, ..., domainN],
    #     :next_token => string || nil,
    #     :box_usage   => string,
    #     :request_id  => string }
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #  sdb = Aws::SdbInterface.new
    #  sdb.list_domains  #=> { :box_usage  => "0.0000071759",
    #                          :request_id => "976709f9-0111-2345-92cb-9ce90acd0982",
    #                          :domains    => ["toys", "dolls"]}
    #
    # If a block is given, this method yields to it.  If the block returns true, list_domains will continue looping the request.  If the block returns false,
    # list_domains will end.
    #
    #   sdb.list_domains(10) do |result|   # list by 10 domains per iteration
    #     puts result.inspect
    #     true
    #   end
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_ListDomains.html
    #
    def list_domains(max_number_of_domains = nil, next_token = nil)
      request_params = {'MaxNumberOfDomains' => max_number_of_domains,
                        'NextToken'          => next_token}
      link           = generate_request("ListDomains", request_params)
      result         = request_info(link, QSdbListDomainParser.new)
      # return result if no block given
      return result unless block_given?
      # loop if block if given
      begin
        # the block must return true if it wanna continue
        break unless yield(result) && result[:next_token]
        # make new request
        request_params['NextToken'] = result[:next_token]
        link                        = generate_request("ListDomains", request_params)
        result                      = request_info(link, QSdbListDomainParser.new)
      end while true
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Retrieve a list of SDB domains from Amazon.
    #
    # Returns a hash:
    #   { :domains     => [domain1, ..., domainN],
    #     :next_token => string || nil,
    #     :box_usage   => string,
    #     :request_id  => string }
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #  sdb = Aws::SdbInterface.new
    #  sdb.list_domains  #=> { :box_usage  => "0.0000071759",
    #                          :request_id => "976709f9-0111-2345-92cb-9ce90acd0982",
    #                          :domains    => ["toys", "dolls"]}
    #
    # If a block is given, this method yields to it.  If the block returns true, list_domains will continue looping the request.  If the block returns false,
    # list_domains will end.
    #
    #   sdb.list_domains(10) do |result|   # list by 10 domains per iteration
    #     puts result.inspect
    #     true
    #   end
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_ListDomains.html
    #
    def domain_metadata(domain_name)
      link   = generate_request("DomainMetadata", 'DomainName' => domain_name)
      result = request_info(link, QSdbDomainMetadataParser.new)
      return result
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end


    # Create new SDB domain at Amazon.
    #
    # Returns a hash: { :box_usage, :request_id } on success or an exception on error.
    # (Amazon raises no errors if the domain already exists).
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #  sdb = Aws::SdbInterface.new
    #  sdb.create_domain('toys') # => { :box_usage  => "0.0000071759",
    #                                   :request_id => "976709f9-0111-2345-92cb-9ce90acd0982" }
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_CreateDomain.html
    def create_domain(domain_name)
      link = generate_request("CreateDomain",
                              'DomainName' => domain_name)
      request_info(link, QSdbSimpleParser.new)
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Delete SDB domain at Amazon.
    #
    # Returns a hash: { :box_usage, :request_id } on success or an exception on error.
    # (Amazon raises no errors if the domain does not exist).
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #  sdb = Aws::SdbInterface.new
    #  sdb.delete_domain('toys') # => { :box_usage  => "0.0000071759",
    #                                   :request_id => "976709f9-0111-2345-92cb-9ce90acd0982" }
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_DeleteDomain.html
    #
    def delete_domain(domain_name)
      link = generate_request("DeleteDomain",
                              'DomainName' => domain_name)
      request_info(link, QSdbSimpleParser.new)
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Add/Replace item attributes.
    #
    # Params:
    #  domain_name = DomainName
    #  item_name   = ItemName
    #  attributes  = {
    #    'nameA' => [valueA1,..., valueAN],
    #    ...
    #    'nameZ' => [valueZ1,..., valueZN]
    #  }
    #  replace = :replace | any other value to skip replacement
    #  options:
    #    :create_domain => If true and domain does not exist, it will be created. Default is false.
    #
    # Returns a hash: { :box_usage, :request_id } on success or an exception on error.
    # (Amazon raises no errors if the attribute was not overridden, as when the :replace param is unset).
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #  sdb = Aws::SdbInterface.new
    #  sdb.create_domain 'family'
    #
    #  attributes = {}
    #  # create attributes for Jon and Silvia
    #  attributes['Jon']    = %w{ car beer }
    #  attributes['Silvia'] = %w{ beetle rolling_pin kids }
    #  sdb.put_attributes 'family', 'toys', attributes   #=> ok
    #  # now: Jon=>[car, beer], Silvia=>[beetle, rolling_pin, kids]
    #
    #  # add attributes to Jon
    #  attributes.delete('Silvia')
    #  attributes['Jon'] = %w{ girls pub }
    #  sdb.put_attributes 'family', 'toys', attributes   #=> ok
    #  # now: Jon=>[car, beer, girls, pub], Silvia=>[beetle, rolling_pin, kids]
    #
    #  # replace attributes for Jon and add to a cat (the cat had no attributes before)
    #  attributes['Jon'] = %w{ vacuum_cleaner hammer spade }
    #  attributes['cat'] = %w{ mouse clew Jons_socks }
    #  sdb.put_attributes 'family', 'toys', attributes, :replace #=> ok
    #  # now: Jon=>[vacuum_cleaner, hammer, spade], Silvia=>[beetle, rolling_pin, kids], cat=>[mouse, clew, Jons_socks]
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_PutAttributes.html
    #
    def put_attributes(domain_name, item_name, attributes, replace = false, options={})
      params = {'DomainName' => domain_name,
                'ItemName'   => item_name}.merge(pack_attributes(attributes, replace))
      logger.debug 'PUT=' + params.inspect
      link = generate_request("PutAttributes", params)
      begin
        request_info(link, QSdbSimpleParser.new, options)
      rescue Aws::AwsError => ex
        # puts "RESCUED in put_attributes: " + $!
        if options[:create_domain] && create_domain_if_not_exist(ex, domain_name)
          options.delete(:create_domain)
          put_attributes(domain_name, item_name, attributes, replace, options)
        else
          raise ex
        end
      end
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    def create_domain_if_not_exist(ex, domain_name)
      if ex.message().index("NoSuchDomain")
        puts "Creating domain: #{domain_name}"
        create_domain(domain_name)
        return true
      end
      return false
    end

    #
    # items is an array of Aws::SdbInterface::Item.new(o.id, o.attributes, true)
    def batch_put_attributes(domain_name, items, options={})
      params = {'DomainName' => domain_name}
      i      = 0
      items.each do |item|
        prefix                      = "Item." + i.to_s + "."
        params[prefix + "ItemName"] = item.item_name
        params.merge!(pack_attributes(item.attributes, item.replace, prefix))
        i += 1
      end
      link = generate_request("BatchPutAttributes", params)
      begin
        request_info(link, QSdbSimpleParser.new, options)
      rescue Aws::AwsError => ex
        # puts "RESCUED in batch_put_attributes: " + $!
        if options[:create_domain] && create_domain_if_not_exist(ex, domain_name)
          options.delete(:create_domain)
          batch_put_attributes(domain_name, items, options)
        else
          raise ex
        end
      end
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    #
    # items is an array item_name's or Aws::SdbInterface::Item.new(o.id, o.attributes, true)
    def batch_delete_attributes(domain_name, items)
      params = {'DomainName' => domain_name}
      i      = 0
      items.each do |item|
        prefix = "Item." + i.to_s + "."
        if item.is_a?(String)
          params[prefix + "ItemName"] = item
        else
          params[prefix + "ItemName"] = item.item_name
          params.merge!(pack_attributes(item.attributes, item.replace, prefix))
        end
        i += 1
      end
      link = generate_request("BatchDeleteAttributes", params)
      request_info(link, QSdbSimpleParser.new)
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Retrieve SDB item's attribute(s).
    #
    # Returns a hash:
    #  { :box_usage  => string,
    #    :request_id => string,
    #    :attributes => { 'nameA' => [valueA1,..., valueAN],
    #                     ... ,
    #                     'nameZ' => [valueZ1,..., valueZN] } }
    #
    # Example:
    #  # request all attributes
    #  sdb.get_attributes('family', 'toys') # => { :attributes => {"cat"    => ["clew", "Jons_socks", "mouse"] },
    #                                                              "Silvia" => ["beetle", "rolling_pin", "kids"],
    #                                                              "Jon"    => ["vacuum_cleaner", "hammer", "spade"]},
    #                                              :box_usage  => "0.0000093222",
    #                                              :request_id => "81273d21-000-1111-b3f9-512d91d29ac8" }
    #
    #  # request cat's attributes only
    #  sdb.get_attributes('family', 'toys', 'cat') # => { :attributes => {"cat" => ["clew", "Jons_socks", "mouse"] },
    #                                                     :box_usage  => "0.0000093222",
    #                                                     :request_id => "81273d21-001-1111-b3f9-512d91d29ac8" }
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_GetAttributes.html
    #
    def get_attributes(domain_name, item_name, attribute_name=nil, consistent_read = nil)
      link = generate_request("GetAttributes", 'DomainName' => domain_name,
                              'ItemName'                    => item_name,
                              'AttributeName'               => attribute_name,
                              'ConsistentRead'              => consistent_read)
      res  = request_info(link, QSdbGetAttributesParser.new)
      res[:attributes].each_value do |values|
        values.collect! { |e| sdb_to_ruby(e) }
      end
      res
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Delete value, attribute or item.
    #
    # Example:
    #  # delete 'vodka' and 'girls' from 'Jon' and 'mice' from 'cat'.
    #  sdb.delete_attributes 'family', 'toys', { 'Jon' => ['vodka', 'girls'], 'cat' => ['mice'] }
    #
    #  # delete the all the values from attributes (i.e. delete the attributes)
    #  sdb.delete_attributes 'family', 'toys', { 'Jon' => [], 'cat' => [] }
    #  # or
    #  sdb.delete_attributes 'family', 'toys', [ 'Jon', 'cat' ]
    #
    #  # delete all the attributes from item 'toys' (i.e. delete the item)
    #  sdb.delete_attributes 'family', 'toys'
    #
    # see http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_DeleteAttributes.html
    #
    def delete_attributes(domain_name, item_name, attributes = nil)
      params = {'DomainName' => domain_name,
                'ItemName'   => item_name}.merge(pack_attributes(attributes))
      link   = generate_request("DeleteAttributes", params)
      request_info(link, QSdbSimpleParser.new)
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end


    # QUERY:

    # Perform a query on SDB.
    #
    # Returns a hash:
    #   { :box_usage  => string,
    #     :request_id => string,
    #     :next_token => string,
    #     :items      => [ItemName1,..., ItemNameN] }
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #   query = "['cat' = 'clew']"
    #   sdb.query('family', query)     #=> hash of data
    #   sdb.query('family', query, 10) #=> hash of data with max of 10 items
    #
    # If a block is given, query will iteratively yield results to it as long as the block continues to return true.
    #
    #   # List 10 items per iteration. Don't
    #   # forget to escape single quotes and backslashes and wrap all the items in single quotes.
    #   query = "['cat'='clew'] union ['dog'='Jon\\'s boot']"
    #   sdb.query('family', query, 10) do |result|
    #     puts result.inspect
    #     true
    #   end
    #
    #   # Same query using automatic escaping...to use the auto escape, pass the query and its params as an array:
    #   query = [ "['cat'=?] union ['dog'=?]", "clew", "Jon's boot" ]
    #   sdb.query('family', query)
    #
    #   query = [ "['cat'=?] union ['dog'=?] sort 'cat' desc", "clew", "Jon's boot" ]
    #   sdb.query('family', query)
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/SDB_API_Query.html
    #      http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/index.html?SortingData.html
    #
    def query(domain_name, query_expression = nil, max_number_of_items = nil, next_token = nil, consistent_read = nil)
      query_expression = query_expression_from_array(query_expression) if query_expression.is_a?(Array)
      @last_query_expression = query_expression
      #
      request_params         = {'DomainName'       => domain_name,
                                'QueryExpression'  => query_expression,
                                'MaxNumberOfItems' => max_number_of_items,
                                'NextToken'        => next_token,
                                'ConsistentRead'   => consistent_read}
      link                   = generate_request("Query", request_params)
      result                 = request_info(link, QSdbQueryParser.new)
      # return result if no block given
      return result unless block_given?
      # loop if block if given
      begin
        # the block must return true if it wanna continue
        break unless yield(result) && result[:next_token]
        # make new request
        request_params['NextToken'] = result[:next_token]
        link                        = generate_request("Query", request_params)
        result                      = request_info(link, QSdbQueryParser.new)
      end while true
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Perform a query and fetch specified attributes.
    # If attributes are not specified then fetches the whole list of attributes.
    #
    #
    # Returns a hash:
    #   { :box_usage  => string,
    #     :request_id => string,
    #     :next_token => string,
    #     :items      => [ { ItemName1 => { attribute1 => value1, ...  attributeM => valueM } },
    #                      { ItemName2 => {...}}, ... ]
    #
    # Example:
    #
    #   sdb.query_with_attributes(domain, ['hobby', 'country'], "['gender'='female'] intersection ['name' starts-with ''] sort 'name'") #=>
    #     { :request_id => "06057228-70d0-4487-89fb-fd9c028580d3",
    #       :items =>
    #         [ { "035f1ba8-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=>
    #             { "hobby"   => ["cooking", "flowers", "cats"],
    #               "country" => ["Russia"]}},
    #           { "0327614a-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=>
    #             { "hobby"   => ["patchwork", "bundle jumping"],
    #               "country" => ["USA"]}}, ... ],
    #        :box_usage=>"0.0000504786"}
    #
    #   sdb.query_with_attributes(domain, [], "['gender'='female'] intersection ['name' starts-with ''] sort 'name'") #=>
    #     { :request_id => "75bb19db-a529-4f69-b86f-5e3800f79a45",
    #       :items =>
    #       [ { "035f1ba8-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=>
    #           { "hobby"   => ["cooking", "flowers", "cats"],
    #             "name"    => ["Mary"],
    #             "country" => ["Russia"],
    #             "gender"  => ["female"],
    #             "id"      => ["035f1ba8-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"]}},
    #         { "0327614a-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=>
    #           { "hobby"   => ["patchwork", "bundle jumping"],
    #             "name"    => ["Mary"],
    #             "country" => ["USA"],
    #             "gender"  => ["female"],
    #             "id"      => ["0327614a-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"]}}, ... ],
    #      :box_usage=>"0.0000506668"}
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/index.html?SDB_API_QueryWithAttributes.html
    #
    def query_with_attributes(domain_name, attributes=[], query_expression = nil, max_number_of_items = nil, next_token = nil, consistent_read = nil)
      attributes = attributes.to_a
      query_expression = query_expression_from_array(query_expression) if query_expression.is_a?(Array)
      @last_query_expression = query_expression
      #
      request_params         = {'DomainName'       => domain_name,
                                'QueryExpression'  => query_expression,
                                'MaxNumberOfItems' => max_number_of_items,
                                'NextToken'        => next_token,
                                'ConsistentRead'   => consistent_read}
      attributes.each_with_index do |attribute, idx|
        request_params["AttributeName.#{idx+1}"] = attribute
      end
      link   = generate_request("QueryWithAttributes", request_params)
      result = select_response_to_ruby(request_info(link, QSdbQueryWithAttributesParser.new))
      # return result if no block given
      return result unless block_given?
      # loop if block if given
      begin
        # the block must return true if it wanna continue
        break unless yield(result) && result[:next_token]
        # make new request
        request_params['NextToken'] = result[:next_token]
        link                        = generate_request("QueryWithAttributes", request_params)
        result                      = select_response_to_ruby(request_info(link, QSdbQueryWithAttributesParser.new))
      end while true
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    # Perform SQL-like select and fetch attributes.
    # Attribute values must be quoted with a single or double quote. If a quote appears within the attribute value, it must be escaped with the same quote symbol as shown in the following example.
    # (Use array to pass select_expression params to avoid manual escaping).
    #
    #  sdb.select(["select * from my_domain where gender=?", 'female']) #=>
    #    {:request_id =>"8241b843-0fb9-4d66-9100-effae12249ec",
    #     :items =>
    #      [ { "035f1ba8-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=>
    #          {"hobby"   => ["cooking", "flowers", "cats"],
    #           "name"    => ["Mary"],
    #           "country" => ["Russia"],
    #           "gender"  => ["female"],
    #           "id"      => ["035f1ba8-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"]}},
    #        { "0327614a-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=>
    #          {"hobby"   => ["patchwork", "bundle jumping"],
    #           "name"    => ["Mary"],
    #           "country" => ["USA"],
    #           "gender"  => ["female"],
    #           "id"      => ["0327614a-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"]}}, ... ]
    #     :box_usage =>"0.0000506197"}
    #
    #   sdb.select('select country, name from my_domain') #=>
    #    {:request_id=>"b1600198-c317-413f-a8dc-4e7f864a940a",
    #     :items=>
    #      [ { "035f1ba8-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Mary"],     "country"=>["Russia"]} },
    #        { "376d2e00-75b0-11dd-9557-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Putin"],    "country"=>["Russia"]} },
    #        { "0327614a-dbd8-11dd-80bd-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Mary"],     "country"=>["USA"]}    },
    #        { "372ebbd4-75b0-11dd-9557-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Bush"],     "country"=>["USA"]}    },
    #        { "37a4e552-75b0-11dd-9557-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Medvedev"], "country"=>["Russia"]} },
    #        { "38278dfe-75b0-11dd-9557-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Mary"],     "country"=>["Russia"]} },
    #        { "37df6c36-75b0-11dd-9557-001bfc466dd7"=> {"name"=>["Mary"],     "country"=>["USA"]}    } ],
    #     :box_usage=>"0.0000777663"}
    #
    # options:
    #     :next_token
    #     :consistent_read
    #     :retries => maximum number of times to retry this query on an error response.
    #
    # see: http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/index.html?SDB_API_Select.html
    #      http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/index.html?UsingSelect.html
    #      http://docs.amazonwebservices.com/AmazonSimpleDB/2007-11-07/DeveloperGuide/index.html?SDBLimits.html
    #
    def select(select_expression, next_token = nil, consistent_read = nil)
      select_expression = query_expression_from_array(select_expression) if select_expression.is_a?(Array)
      @last_query_expression = select_expression

      options                = {}
      if next_token.is_a?(Hash)
        options         = next_token
        next_token      = options[:next_token]
        consistent_read = options[:consistent_read]
      end

      #
      request_params = {'SelectExpression' => select_expression,
                        'NextToken'        => next_token,
                        'ConsistentRead'   => consistent_read}
      link           = generate_request("Select", request_params, options)
      result         = select_response_to_ruby(request_info(link, QSdbSelectParser.new, options))
      return result unless block_given?
      # loop if block if given
      begin
        # the block must return true if it wanna continue
        break unless yield(result) && result[:next_token]
        # make new request
        request_params['NextToken'] = result[:next_token]
        link                        = generate_request("Select", request_params)
        result                      = select_response_to_ruby(request_info(link, QSdbSelectParser.new, options))
      end while true
    rescue Exception
      on_exception
    end

    class Item
      attr_accessor :item_name, :attributes, :replace

      def initialize(item_name, attributes, replace = false)
        @item_name  = item_name
        @attributes = attributes
        @replace    = replace
      end
    end

    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
    #      PARSERS:
    #-----------------------------------------------------------------
    class QSdbListDomainParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @result = {:domains => []}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'NextToken' then
            @result[:next_token] = @text
          when 'DomainName' then
            @result[:domains] << @text
          when 'BoxUsage' then
            @result[:box_usage] = @text
          when 'RequestId' then
            @result[:request_id] = @text
        end
      end
    end

    class QSdbDomainMetadataParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @result = {}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'Timestamp' then
            @result[:timestamp] = @text
          when 'ItemCount' then
            @result[:item_count] = @text.to_i
          when 'AttributeValueCount' then
            @result[:attribute_value_count] = @text.to_i
          when 'AttributeNameCount' then
            @result[:attribute_name_acount] = @text.to_i
          when 'ItemNamesSizeBytes' then
            @result[:item_names_size_bytes] = @text.to_i
          when 'AttributeValuesSizeBytes' then
            @result[:attributes_values_size_bytes] = @text.to_i
          when 'AttributeNamesSizeBytes' then
            @result[:attributes_names_size_bytes] = @text.to_i

        end
      end
    end


    class QSdbSimpleParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @result = {}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'BoxUsage' then
            @result[:box_usage] = @text
          when 'RequestId' then
            @result[:request_id] = @text
        end
      end
    end

    class QSdbGetAttributesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @last_attribute_name = nil
        @result              = {:attributes => {}}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'Name' then
            @last_attribute_name = @text
          when 'Value' then
            (@result[:attributes][@last_attribute_name] ||= []) << @text
          when 'BoxUsage' then
            @result[:box_usage] = @text
          when 'RequestId' then
            @result[:request_id] = @text
        end
      end
    end

    class QSdbQueryParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @result = {:items => []}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'ItemName' then
            @result[:items] << @text
          when 'BoxUsage' then
            @result[:box_usage] = @text
          when 'RequestId' then
            @result[:request_id] = @text
          when 'NextToken' then
            @result[:next_token] = @text
        end
      end
    end

    class QSdbQueryWithAttributesParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @result = {:items => []}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'Name'
            case @xmlpath
              when 'QueryWithAttributesResponse/QueryWithAttributesResult/Item'
                @item = @text
                @result[:items] << {@item => {}}
              when 'QueryWithAttributesResponse/QueryWithAttributesResult/Item/Attribute'
                @attribute                              = @text
                @result[:items].last[@item][@attribute] ||= []
            end
          when 'RequestId' then
            @result[:request_id] = @text
          when 'BoxUsage' then
            @result[:box_usage] = @text
          when 'NextToken' then
            @result[:next_token] = @text
          when 'Value' then
            @result[:items].last[@item][@attribute] << @text
        end
      end
    end

    class QSdbSelectParser < AwsParser #:nodoc:
      def reset
        @result = {:items => []}
      end

      def tagend(name)
        case name
          when 'Name'
            case @xmlpath
              when 'SelectResponse/SelectResult/Item'
                @item = @text
                @result[:items] << {@item => {}}
              when 'SelectResponse/SelectResult/Item/Attribute'
                @attribute                              = @text
                @result[:items].last[@item][@attribute] ||= []
            end
          when 'RequestId' then
            @result[:request_id] = @text
          when 'BoxUsage' then
            @result[:box_usage] = @text
          when 'NextToken' then
            @result[:next_token] = @text
          when 'Value' then
            @result[:items].last[@item][@attribute] << @text
        end
      end
    end

  end

end