#requires -version 2.0

###########################
# Comments
###########################

# Normal Comment

<#
    multi
    line
    comment
#>

###########################
## Strings
###########################

"String that accepts $variables, and substitutions"
"String with escaped `$variable"
'Literal string $($PSScriptRoot)'

###########################
# Heredoc strings
###########################

@"
Heredoc with $variables
"@
@'
Heredoc with $literal strings
'@

###########################
# Variables
###########################

$var1 = 5
$var2 = $true
$var3 = get-host | Select-Object -First 1
${this-is_a%valid*variable@name} = "OMG"
Write-Output ${this-is_a%valid*variable@name}
$global:ErrorActionPreference

###########################
# Collections
###########################

$my_hash = @{
    owner = "my"
    type = "hash"
    thing = "table"
}

$my_complex_hash = @{
  # comment
  foo = {
    if ($var1 -eq $var2)
    {
        return $true
    }
  }
}

$my_array = @("my" "array")

$myobject = [PSCustomObject]@{
   Name = 'Alice';
   Age = 42;
}

$myarray = @(
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        Name = 'Bob';
        Age = 31;
    },
    [PSCustomObject]@{
        Name = 'Charlie';
        Age = 41;
    }
)

###########################
# Commands
###########################

type "is a reserved word"
alias foo bar
Write-output "Hello" # End-of-line comment
Get-Process | Tee-Object -FilePath "C:\Test1\testfile2.txt" # Unapproved verb
cd C:\Test1\
C:\Test1\test2.cmd input.txt
& "C:\Test1\test2.exe"
\command.exe something
command.exe arg --user ".\ENTER-YOUR-USERNAME" --password "ENTER-YOUR-PASSWORD"

###########################
# Declarations
###########################

function Verb-Noun
{
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Tells you what it does

    .DESCRIPTION
    Tells you what it does with more detail.
    #>
    param ([string]$Name, [string]$Extension = "txt", [string]$foo="bar")
    $name = $name + "." + $extension
    $name
}

function global:Verb-Noun {
    something
}

process {
    "This is a script block"
}

###########################
# Control structures
###########################

if ($var1 -eq $var2)
{
    return $true
}

try {
    write-output "something"
} catch {
    write-output "something else"
}

Foreach ($Thing in $Things ) {
    Do-Something
}

###########################
# Classes
###########################

class Child : Parent, Relatives {
    [int] hidden $var = 8

    Child ([string]$a, [string]$b, [int]$capacity) {
        $this.var = $a
    }

    [string]toString() {
        return "A string"
    }
}

$my_obj = [Child]::new()

###########################
# Challenges
###########################

[System.Collections.Generic.List[string]](1..100)
[System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary[string, int]](1..100|%{@{N=$_}})

Function Get-IPv4Scopes
<#
	.SYNOPSIS
		Read IPv4Scopes from an array of servers
	.PARAMETER Servers
		Specifies an array of servers
	.EXAMPLE
		Get-IPv4Scopes

		Will prompt for all inputs
#>
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    Param(
    # 1
    [parameter(
        Mandatory=$true,
        Position=0,
        ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
        HelpMessage="Server List"
        )]
    [string[]]$Servers,
    #2
    [parameter(Mandatory=$false,ValueFromPipeline=$false)]
    [bool]$Unique=$false
    )  #EndParam

    Begin {}

    Process {
        $arrayJobs=@()
        foreach ($server in $Servers) {
            $arrayJobs+=Invoke-Command -ComputerName $server -scriptblock {Get-DhcpServerv4Scope}  -AsJob
        }
        $complete=$false
        while (-not $complete) {
            $arrayJobsInProgress= $arrayJobs | Where-Object { $_.State -match 'running' }
            if (-not $arrayJobsInProgress) { $complete=$true }
        }
        $Scopes=$arrayJobs|Receive-Job
        $UniqueScopes=$Scopes|Sort-Object -Property ScopeId -Unique
    }

    End {
        if ($Unique) { return $UniqueScopes }
        else { return $Scopes }
    }

} #end function

Write-Output "Updating: $($file.FullName)"
Write-Output "PowerShell PID: $(Get-Process powershell | Select -ExpandProperty Id) and Notepad PID: $(Get-Process notepad | Select -ExpandProperty Id)"
# $content = Get-Content $file.FullName

# Without Error
$gitUserName = "$($userAdObject.Properties['sn']), $($userAdObject.Properties['givenName'])"

# Grave escaping
$gitExeString = "$gitExeFolder\git.exe" &("$gitExeString") config --add --global user.name `"$gitUserName`"
Get-ChildItem -Include *.txt `
    -Recurse
Write-Output `$hello

# Where-Object alias
Get-process | ? {$_.workingset -gt 25000*1024}

# Handle subexpressions nested within strings
function Write-Log {
    Param(
        $Message,
        $Path = "L:\IISSiteAudit.txt"
    )

    function TS { return "[{0:MM/dd/yy} {0:HH:mm:ss}]" -f (Get-Date) }
    "$(TS) $Message" | Tee-Object -FilePath $Path -Append | Write-Verbose
}

function NewVMSnapshot {
    param(
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string[]]$VM,
        [string[]]$Name = (Get-Date -Format 'yyyy-MM-dd_HH:mm:ss') + "_$VM",
        [string[]]$Description = "`Snapshot taken via $(Split-Path $PSCommandPath -leaf) by $global:vsphereuser."
    )
}

# Handle line continuation in string interpolation
Get-CimInstance -ComputerName localhost win32_logicaldisk `
| where caption -eq "C:" `
| foreach-object {write " $($_.caption) $('{0:N2}' `
-f ($_.Size/1gb)) GB total, $('{0:N2}' `
-f ($_.FreeSpace/1gb)) GB free "}