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<html><title>Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide</title><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><STYLE TYPE="text/css"><!--
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</STYLE><table bgcolor="#a03030" cellpadding="3" border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td colspan="3"><table bgcolor="#902020" cellpadding="20"><tr><td><h1 class="header">Programming Ruby</h1><h3 class="subheader">The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide</h3></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td width="33%" align="left"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_hash.html">Previous <</a></td><td width="33%" align="center" valign="middle"><a class="subheader" href="builtins.html">Contents ^</a><br></td><td width="33%" align="right"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_io.html">Next ></a><br></td></tr></table></head><body bgcolor="white">
<!--
Copyright (c) 2001 by Addison Wesley Longman. This
material may be distributed only subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or
later (the latest version is presently available at
http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).
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<table><tr><td height="20"><img src="dot.gif" width="1" height="20"></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" bgcolor="660066" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center"><font color="white" size="7">class Integer</font></td><td><table border="0"><tr><td><font color="white">
Parent:
</font></td><td><font color="white">Numeric</font></td></tr><tr><td><font color="white">
Version:
</font></td><td><font color="white">
1.6
</font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p></p><H3>Index:</H3><a href="#chr"><i>chr</i></a> <a href="#downto"><i>downto</i></a> <a href="#integer_qm"><i>integer?</i></a> <a href="#next"><i>next</i></a> <a href="#step"><i>step</i></a> <a href="#succ"><i>succ</i></a> <a href="#times"><i>times</i></a> <a href="#upto"><i>upto</i></a> <p></p><hr> <br><font size="-1">Subclasses: Bignum, Fixnum</font><p></p>
<P></P>
<code>Integer</code> is the basis for the two concrete classes that hold
whole numbers, <code>Bignum</code> and <code>Fixnum</code>.
<P></P>
<table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="990066"><font color="white" size="6">instance methods
</font></td></tr><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="chr"><b>chr</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.chr -> <i>aString</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns a string containing the ASCII character represented by
the receiver's value.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>65.chr</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"A"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>?a.chr</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"a"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>230.chr</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"\346"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="downto"><b>downto</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.downto( <i>anInteger</i> ) {| i | block }
<P></P>
-> <i>int</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Iterates <em>block</em>, passing decreasing values
from <i>int</i> down to and including <i>anInteger</i>.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
5.downto(1) { |n| print n, ".. " }
print " Liftoff!\n"
</pre></td></tr></table>
<em>produces:</em>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
5.. 4.. 3.. 2.. 1.. Liftoff!
</pre></td></tr></table>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="integer_qm"><b>integer?</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.integer? -> <code>true</code>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Always returns <code>true</code>.
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="next"><b>next</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.next -> <i>anInteger</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the <code>Integer</code> equal to <i>int</i> + 1.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>1.next</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>2</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>(-1).next</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>0</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="step"><b>step</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.step( <i>endNum</i>, <i>step</i> ) {| i | block }
<P></P>
-> <i>int</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Invokes <em>block</em> with the sequence of numbers starting at
<i>int</i>,
incremented by <i>step</i> on each call. The loop
finishes when the value to be passed to the block is greater
than <i>endNum</i> (if <i>step</i> is positive) or less than
<i>endNum</i> (if <i>step</i> is negative).
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
1.step(10, 2) { |i| print i, " " }
</pre></td></tr></table>
<em>produces:</em>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
1 3 5 7 9
</pre></td></tr></table>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="succ"><b>succ</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.succ -> <i>anInteger</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Synonym for <a href="ref_c_integer.html#next"><code>Integer#next</code></a>.
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="times"><b>times</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.times {| i | block }
<P></P>
-> <i>int</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Iterates block <i>int</i> times, passing in values from zero to
<i>int</i> - 1.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
5.times do |i|
print i, " "
end
print "\n"
</pre></td></tr></table>
<em>produces:</em>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
0 1 2 3 4
</pre></td></tr></table>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="upto"><b>upto</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>int</i>.upto( <i>anInteger</i> ) {| i | block }
<P></P>
-> <i>int</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Iterates <em>block</em>, passing in integer values from
<i>int</i> up to and including <i>anInteger</i>.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
5.upto(10) { |i| print i, " " }
</pre></td></tr></table>
<em>produces:</em>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="400"><tr><td><pre>
5 6 7 8 9 10
</pre></td></tr></table>
<P></P>
</td></table>
<P></P>
<p></p><hr><table bgcolor="#a03030" cellpadding="10" border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td width="33%" align="left"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_hash.html">Previous <</a></td><td width="33%" align="center" valign="middle"><a class="subheader" href="builtins.html">Contents ^</a><br></td><td width="33%" align="right"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_io.html">Next ></a><br></td></tr></table><p></p><font size="-1">Extracted from the book "Programming Ruby -
The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide"</font><br><font size="-3">
Copyright
©
2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Released under the terms of the
<a href="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/">Open Publication License</a> V1.0.
<br>
This reference is available for
<a href="http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com/ruby/downloads/book.html">download</a>.
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