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<html><title>Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide</title><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><STYLE TYPE="text/css"><!--
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</STYLE><table bgcolor="#a03030" cellpadding="3" border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td colspan="3"><table bgcolor="#902020" cellpadding="20"><tr><td><h1 class="header">Programming Ruby</h1><h3 class="subheader">The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide</h3></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td width="33%" align="left"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_io.html">Previous <</a></td><td width="33%" align="center" valign="middle"><a class="subheader" href="builtins.html">Contents ^</a><br></td><td width="33%" align="right"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_method.html">Next ></a><br></td></tr></table></head><body bgcolor="white">
<!--
Copyright (c) 2001 by Addison Wesley Longman. This
material may be distributed only subject to the terms and
conditions set forth in the Open Publication License, v1.0 or
later (the latest version is presently available at
http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/).
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<table><tr><td height="20"><img src="dot.gif" width="1" height="20"></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" bgcolor="660066" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center"><font color="white" size="7">class MatchData</font></td><td><table border="0"><tr><td><font color="white">
Parent:
</font></td><td><font color="white">Object</font></td></tr><tr><td><font color="white">
Version:
</font></td><td><font color="white">
1.6
</font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p></p><H3>Index:</H3><a href="#_ob_cb"><i>[ ]</i></a> <a href="#begin"><i>begin</i></a> <a href="#end"><i>end</i></a> <a href="#length"><i>length</i></a> <a href="#offset"><i>offset</i></a> <a href="#post_match"><i>post_match</i></a> <a href="#pre_match"><i>pre_match</i></a> <a href="#size"><i>size</i></a> <a href="#string"><i>string</i></a> <a href="#to_a"><i>to_a</i></a> <a href="#to_s"><i>to_s</i></a> <p></p><hr>
<P></P>
<code>MatchData</code> is the type of the special variable <code>$~</code>,
and is the type of the object returned by <a href="ref_c_regexp.html#match"><code>Regexp#match</code></a> and
<a href="ref_c_regexp.html#last_match"><code>Regexp#last_match</code></a>. It
encapsulates all the results of a pattern match, results normally
accessed through the special variables <code>$&</code>, <code>$'</code>,
<code>$`</code>, <code>$1</code>, <code>$2</code>, and so on.
<P></P>
<table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="990066"><font color="white" size="6">instance methods
</font></td></tr><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="_ob_cb"><b>[ ]</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>[<i>i</i>] -> <i>anObject</i><br><i>mtch</i>[<i>start</i>, <i>length</i>] -> <i>anArray</i><br><i>mtch</i>[<i>aRange</i>] -> <i>anArray</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Match Reference---<code>MatchData</code> acts as an array, and may
be accessed using the normal array indexing techniques.
<i>mtch</i>[0] is equivalent to the special variable <code>$&</code>, and
returns the entire matched string. <i>mtch</i>[1], <i>mtch</i>[2], and so
on return the
values of the matched backreferences (portions of the pattern
between parentheses).
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m[0]</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"HX1138"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m[1, 2]</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>["H", "X"]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m[1..3]</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>["H", "X", "113"]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m[-3, 2]</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>["X", "113"]</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="begin"><b>begin</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.begin( <i>n</i> ) -> <i>anInteger</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the offset of the start of the <em>n</em>th element of the
match array in the string.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.begin(0)</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>1</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.begin(2)</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>2</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="end"><b>end</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.end( <i>n</i> ) -> <i>anInteger</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the offset of the character immediately following the
end of the <em>n</em>th element of the match array in the string.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.end(0)</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>7</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.end(2)</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>3</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="length"><b>length</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.length -> <i>anInteger</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the number of elements in the match array.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.length</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>5</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.size</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>5</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="offset"><b>offset</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.offset( <i>n</i> ) -> <i>anArray</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns a two-element array containing the beginning and ending
offsets of the <em>n</em>th match.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.offset(0)</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>[1, 7]</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.offset(4)</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>[6, 7]</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="post_match"><b>post_match</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.post_match -> <i>aString</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the portion of the original string after the current
match. Equivalent to the special variable <code>$'</code>.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138: The Movie")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.post_match</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>": The Movie"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="pre_match"><b>pre_match</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.pre_match -> <i>aString</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the portion of the original string before the current
match. Equivalent to the special variable <code>$`</code>.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.pre_match</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"T"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="size"><b>size</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.size -> <i>anInteger</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
A synonym for <a href="ref_c_matchdata.html#length"><code>MatchData#length</code></a>.
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="string"><b>string</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.string -> <i>aString</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns a frozen copy of the string passed in to <code>match</code>.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.string</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"THX1138."</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="to_a"><b>to_a</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.to_a -> <i>anArray</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the array of matches.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.to_a</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>["HX1138", "H", "X", "113", "8"]</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="to_s"><b>to_s</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
<i>mtch</i>.to_s -> <i>aString</i>
</td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
Returns the entire matched string.
<P></P>
<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138.")</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>m.to_s</code></td>
<td valign="top"></td>
<td valign="top"><code>"HX1138"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>
<P></P>
</td></table>
<P></P>
<p></p><hr><table bgcolor="#a03030" cellpadding="10" border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td width="33%" align="left"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_io.html">Previous <</a></td><td width="33%" align="center" valign="middle"><a class="subheader" href="builtins.html">Contents ^</a><br></td><td width="33%" align="right"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_method.html">Next ></a><br></td></tr></table><p></p><font size="-1">Extracted from the book "Programming Ruby -
The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide"</font><br><font size="-3">
Copyright
©
2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Released under the terms of the
<a href="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/">Open Publication License</a> V1.0.
<br>
This reference is available for
<a href="http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com/ruby/downloads/book.html">download</a>.
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