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   </STYLE><table bgcolor="#a03030" cellpadding="3" border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td colspan="3"><table bgcolor="#902020" cellpadding="20"><tr><td><h1 class="header">Programming Ruby</h1><h3 class="subheader">The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide</h3></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td width="33%" align="left"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_threadgroup.html">Previous &lt;</a></td><td width="33%" align="center" valign="middle"><a class="subheader" href="builtins.html">Contents ^</a><br></td><td width="33%" align="right"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_trueclass.html">Next ></a><br></td></tr></table></head><body bgcolor="white">
<!--
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<table><tr><td height="20"><img src="dot.gif" width="1" height="20"></td></tr></table><table border="0" width="100%" bgcolor="660066" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center"><font color="white" size="7">class Time</font></td><td><table border="0"><tr><td><font color="white">
                Parent:
              </font></td><td><font color="white">Object</font></td></tr><tr><td><font color="white">
                Version:
              </font></td><td><font color="white">
               1.6
              </font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p></p><H3>Index:</H3><a href="#at">at</a> <a href="#gm">gm</a> <a href="#local">local</a> <a href="#mktime">mktime</a> <a href="#new">new</a> <a href="#now">now</a> <a href="#times">times</a> <a href="#utc">utc</a> <a href="#_pl"><i>+</i></a> <a href="#_mi_mi"><i>--</i></a> <a href="#_lt_eq_lt"><i>&lt;=></i></a> <a href="#asctime"><i>asctime</i></a> <a href="#ctime"><i>ctime</i></a> <a href="#day"><i>day</i></a> <a href="#gmt_qm"><i>gmt?</i></a> <a href="#gmtime"><i>gmtime</i></a> <a href="#hour"><i>hour</i></a> <a href="#isdst"><i>isdst</i></a> <a href="#localtime"><i>localtime</i></a> <a href="#mday"><i>mday</i></a> <a href="#min"><i>min</i></a> <a href="#mon"><i>mon</i></a> <a href="#month"><i>month</i></a> <a href="#sec"><i>sec</i></a> <a href="#strftime"><i>strftime</i></a> <a href="#to_a"><i>to_a</i></a> <a href="#to_f"><i>to_f</i></a> <a href="#to_i"><i>to_i</i></a> <a href="#to_s"><i>to_s</i></a> <a href="#tv_sec"><i>tv_sec</i></a> <a href="#tv_usec"><i>tv_usec</i></a> <a href="#usec"><i>usec</i></a> <a href="#utc"><i>utc</i></a> <a href="#utc_qm"><i>utc?</i></a> <a href="#wday"><i>wday</i></a> <a href="#yday"><i>yday</i></a> <a href="#year"><i>year</i></a> <a href="#zone"><i>zone</i></a> <p></p><hr>
    <code>Time</code> is an abstraction of dates and times.  Time is stored
  internally as the number of seconds and microseconds since the
  <em>epoch</em>, January 1, 1970 00:00&nbsp;UTC. Also see the library
  modules <code>Date</code> and <code>ParseDate</code>, documented beginning on pages
  443 and 457, respectively.          
  The <code>Time</code> class treats GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) and UTC
  (Coordinated Universal Time)<em>[Yes, UTC really does stand for
    Coordinated Universal Time. There was a committee involved.]</em>
  as equivalent. GMT is the older way of
  referring to these baseline times but persists in the names of
  calls on Posix systems.
<P></P>
  All times are stored with some number of microseconds.
  Be aware of this fact when
  comparing times with each other---times that are apparently equal
  when displayed may be different when compared.
  <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="990066"><font color="white" size="6">
         mixins
       </font></td></tr>
    <tr><td>Comparable:
    </td><td>
   &lt;, &lt;=, ==, >=, >, between?</td></tr>
  </table>
<P></P>
  <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="990066"><font color="white" size="6">class methods
       </font></td></tr><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="at"><b>at</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
                Time.at( <i>aTime</i> ) -> <i>aTime</i> <br>Time.at( <i>seconds</i> <i>[</i>, <i>microseconds</i><i>]</i> ) 
          -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Creates a new time object with the value given by <i>aTime</i>,
      or the given number of <i>seconds</i> (and optional <i>microseconds</i>)
      from epoch.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.at(0)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Wed&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;31&nbsp;18:00:00&nbsp;CST&nbsp;1969</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.at(946702800)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Fri&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;31&nbsp;23:00:00&nbsp;CST&nbsp;1999</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="gm"><b>gm</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
                  Time.gm( <i>year <i>[</i>, month, day, hour, min, sec, usec<i>]</i></i> )
        -> <i>aTime</i> <br>Time.gm( <i>sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday,
            isdst, tz</i> )
        -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
    Creates a time based on given values, interpreted as UTC (GMT).  The
    year must be specified. Other values default to the minimum value
    for that field (and may be <code>nil</code> or omitted).  Months may be
    specified by numbers from 1 to 12, or by the three-letter English month
    names. Hours are specified on a 24-hour clock (0..23). Raises an
    <code>ArgumentError</code> if any values are out of range.  Will also
    accept ten arguments in the order output by <a href="ref_c_time.html#to_a"><code>Time#to_a</code></a>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.gm(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;20:15:01&nbsp;UTC&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="local"><b>local</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
                  Time.local( <i>year <i>[</i>, month, day, hour, min, sec, usec<i>]</i></i> )
          -> <i>aTime</i> <br>Time.local( <i>sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday, isdst, tz</i> )
          -> <i>aTime</i>
<P></P>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Same as <a href="ref_c_time.html#gm"><code>Time::gm</code></a>, but interprets the values in the local
      time zone.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.local(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;20:15:01&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="mktime"><b>mktime</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        Time.mktime(
        <i>year, month, day, hour, min, sec, usec</i> )
        -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#local"><code>Time::local</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="new"><b>new</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        Time.new
        -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns a <code>Time</code> object initialized to the current system
      time. <b>Note:</b> The object created will be created using
      the resolution available on your system clock, and so may
      include fractional seconds.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>a&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.new</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>b&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.new</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>a&nbsp;==&nbsp;b</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>"%.6f"&nbsp;%&nbsp;a.to_f</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"983770226.132865"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>"%.6f"&nbsp;%&nbsp;b.to_f</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"983770226.133372"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="now"><b>now</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        Time.now -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#new"><code>Time::new</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="times"><b>times</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        Time.times
        -> <i>aStructTms</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns a <code>Tms</code> structure (see <code>Struct::Tms</code>
      on page 388) that contains
      user and system CPU times for this process.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.times</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>[&nbsp;t.utime,&nbsp;t.stime&nbsp;]</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>[0.0,&nbsp;0.01]</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="utc"><b>utc</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
                  Time.utc( <i>year <i>[</i>, month, day, hour, min, sec, usec<i>]</i></i> )
        -> <i>aTime</i> <br>Time.utc( <i>sec, min, hour, day, month, year, wday, yday,
            isdst, tz</i> )
        -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
    Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#gm"><code>Time::gm</code></a>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.utc(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;20:15:01&nbsp;UTC&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td></table>
<P></P>
  <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="10"><tr><td valign="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="990066"><font color="white" size="6">instance methods
       </font></td></tr><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="_pl"><b>+</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i> + <i>aNumeric</i> 
        -> <i>aTime</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Addition---Adds some number of seconds (possibly fractional) to <i>time</i>
      and returns that value as a new time.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;+&nbsp;(60&nbsp;*&nbsp;60&nbsp;*&nbsp;24)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Mon&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;05&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="_mi_mi"><b>--</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
                  <i>time</i> <code>-</code> <i>aTime</i> -> <i>aFloat</i> <br><i>time</i> <code>-</code> <i>aNumeric</i> -> <i>aTime</i>          
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Difference---Returns a new time that represents the difference between two
      times, or subtracts the given number of seconds in
      <i>aNumeric</i> from <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2&nbsp;=&nbsp;t&nbsp;+&nbsp;2592000</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Wed&nbsp;Apr&nbsp;04&nbsp;00:30:26&nbsp;CDT&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2&nbsp;-&nbsp;t</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>2592000.0</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2&nbsp;-&nbsp;2592000</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="_lt_eq_lt"><b>&lt;=></b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
                  <i>time</i> &lt;=> <i>anOtherTime</i>
        -> -1, 0, +1 <br><i>time</i> &lt;=> <i>aNumeric</i>
        -> -1, 0, +1
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Comparison---Compares <i>time</i> with <i>anOtherTime</i> or with
      <i>aNumeric</i>, which is the number of seconds (possibly
      fractional) since epoch.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2&nbsp;=&nbsp;t&nbsp;+&nbsp;2592000</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Wed&nbsp;Apr&nbsp;04&nbsp;00:30:26&nbsp;CDT&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;&lt;=>&nbsp;t2</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>-1</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2&nbsp;&lt;=>&nbsp;t</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>1</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;&lt;=>&nbsp;t</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>0</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="asctime"><b>asctime</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.asctime
        -> <i>aString</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns a canonical string representation of <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.now.asctime</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;2001"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="ctime"><b>ctime</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.ctime
        -> <i>aString</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#asctime"><code>Time#asctime</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="day"><b>day</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.day
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the day of the month (1..n) for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.day</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>4</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="gmt_qm"><b>gmt?</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.gmt?
        -> <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns <code>true</code> if <i>time</i> represents a time in UTC (GMT).
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmt?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.gm(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;20:15:01&nbsp;UTC&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmt?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>true</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="gmtime"><b>gmtime</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.gmtime
        -> <i>time</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Converts <i>time</i> to UTC (GMT), modifying the receiver.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmt?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmtime</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Mon&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;05&nbsp;05:30:26&nbsp;UTC&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmt?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>true</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="hour"><b>hour</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.hour
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the hour of the day (0..23) for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.hour</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>23</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="isdst"><b>isdst</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.isdst
        -> <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns <code>true</code> if <i>time</i> occurs during Daylight Saving 
      Time in its time zone.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.local(2000,&nbsp;7,&nbsp;1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jul&nbsp;01&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;CDT&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.isdst</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>true</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.local(2000,&nbsp;1,&nbsp;1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;00:00:00&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t2.isdst</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="localtime"><b>localtime</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.localtime
        -> <i>time</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Converts <i>time</i> to local time (using the local time zone in
      effect for this process) modifying the receiver.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.gm(2000,&nbsp;"jan",&nbsp;1,&nbsp;20,&nbsp;15,&nbsp;1)</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmt?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>true</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.localtime</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;14:15:01&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.gmt?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="mday"><b>mday</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.mday
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#day"><code>Time#day</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="min"><b>min</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.min
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the minute of the hour (0..59) for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.min</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>30</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="mon"><b>mon</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.mon
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the month of the year (1..12) for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.mon</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>3</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="month"><b>month</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.month
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#mon"><code>Time#mon</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="sec"><b>sec</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.sec
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
         Returns the second of the minute
      (0..60)<em>[Yes, seconds really can range from zero to
        60. This allows the system to inject leap seconds        
        every now
        and then to correct for the fact that years are not really a
        convenient number of hours long.]</em> for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.sec</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>26</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="strftime"><b>strftime</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.strftime( <i>aString</i> )
        -> <i>aString</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Formats <i>time</i> according to the directives in the given format
      string.  See Table 22.9 on page 402 for the available values.
      Any text not listed as a directive will be passed through to the
      output string.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.strftime("Printed&nbsp;on&nbsp;%m/%d/%Y")</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"Printed&nbsp;on&nbsp;03/04/2001"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.strftime("at&nbsp;%I:%M%p")</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"at&nbsp;11:30PM"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
    <table border="2" width="500" bgcolor="#ffe0e0"><tr><td>
      <b><a href="ref_c_time.html#strftime"><code>Time#strftime</code></a> directives</b>
      <table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3">
<tr bgcolor="#ff9999">
  <td valign="top"><b>Format</b></td>
  <td valign="top"><b>Meaning</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%a</td>
  <td valign="top">The abbreviated weekday name (``Sun'')</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%A</td>
  <td valign="top">The  full  weekday  name (``Sunday'')</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%b</td>
  <td valign="top">The abbreviated month name (``Jan'')</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%B</td>
  <td valign="top">The  full  month  name (``January'')</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%c</td>
  <td valign="top">The preferred local date and time representation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%d</td>
  <td valign="top">Day of the month (01..31)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%H</td>
  <td valign="top">Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00..23)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%I</td>
  <td valign="top">Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01..12)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%j</td>
  <td valign="top">Day of the year (001..366)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%m</td>
  <td valign="top">Month of the year (01..12)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%M</td>
  <td valign="top">Minute of the hour (00..59)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%p</td>
  <td valign="top">Meridian indicator (``AM''  or  ``PM'')</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%S</td>
  <td valign="top">Second of the minute (00..60)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%U</td>
  <td valign="top">Week  number  of the current year,
              starting with the first Sunday as the first
              day of the first week (00..53)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%W</td>
  <td valign="top">Week  number  of the current year,
              starting with the first Monday as the first
              day of the first week (00..53)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%w</td>
  <td valign="top">Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%x</td>
  <td valign="top">Preferred representation for the date alone, no time</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%X</td>
  <td valign="top">Preferred representation for the time alone, no date</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%y</td>
  <td valign="top">Year without a century (00..99)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%Y</td>
  <td valign="top">Year with century</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%Z</td>
  <td valign="top">Time zone name</td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top">%%</td>
  <td valign="top">Literal ``%'' character</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="9" bgcolor="#ff9999" height="2"><img src="dot.gif" width="1" height="1"></td></tr></table>
<P></P>
    </td></tr></table>
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="to_a"><b>to_a</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.to_a
        -> <i>anArray</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns a ten-element <i>anArray</i>
      of values for <i>time</i>: {<code>[ sec, min, hour, day, month,
        year, wday, yday, isdst, zone ]</code>}.  See the individual
      methods for an explanation of the valid ranges of each value.
      The ten elements can be passed directly to   <a href="ref_c_time.html#utc"><code>Time::utc</code></a> or
      <a href="ref_c_time.html#local"><code>Time::local</code></a> to create a new <code>Time</code>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>now&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;now.to_a</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>[26,&nbsp;30,&nbsp;23,&nbsp;4,&nbsp;3,&nbsp;2001,&nbsp;0,&nbsp;63,&nbsp;false,&nbsp;"CST"]</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="to_f"><b>to_f</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.to_f
        -> <i>aFloat</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the value of <i>time</i> as a floating point number of
      seconds since epoch.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>"%10.5f"&nbsp;%&nbsp;t.to_f</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"983770226.64529"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.to_i</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>983770226</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="to_i"><b>to_i</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.to_i
        -> <i>anInteger</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the value of <i>time</i> as an integer number of
      seconds since epoch.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>"%10.5f"&nbsp;%&nbsp;t.to_f</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"983770226.67497"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.to_i</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>983770226</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="to_s"><b>to_s</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.to_s
        -> <i>aString</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns a string representing <i>time</i>.  Equivalent to calling
      <a href="ref_c_time.html#strftime"><code>Time#strftime</code></a> with a format string of 
        ``<code>%a</code> <code>%b</code> <code>%d</code> <code>%H:%M:%S</code> <code>%Z</code> <code>%Y</code>''.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>Time.now.to_s</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="tv_sec"><b>tv_sec</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.tv_sec
        -> <i>anInteger</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#to_i"><code>Time#to_i</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="tv_usec"><b>tv_usec</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.tv_usec
        -> <i>anInteger</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#usec"><code>Time#usec</code></a>.
<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="usec"><b>usec</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.usec
        -> <i>anInteger</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns just the number of microseconds for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>"%10.6f"&nbsp;%&nbsp;t.to_f</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"983770226.729373"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.usec</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>729373</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="utc"><b>utc</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.utc -> <i>time</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Synonym for <a href="ref_c_time.html#gmtime"><code>Time#gmtime</code></a>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.utc?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.utc</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Mon&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;05&nbsp;05:30:26&nbsp;UTC&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.utc?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>true</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="utc_qm"><b>utc?</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.utc? -> <code>true</code> or <code>false</code>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns <code>true</code> if <i>time</i> represents a time in UTC (GMT).
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.utc?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>false</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.gm(2000,"jan",1,20,15,1)</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sat&nbsp;Jan&nbsp;01&nbsp;20:15:01&nbsp;UTC&nbsp;2000</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.utc?</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>true</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="wday"><b>wday</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.wday
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns an integer representing the day of the week, 0..6,
      with Sunday == 0.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.wday</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>0</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="yday"><b>yday</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.yday
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns an integer representing the day of the year, 1..366.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.yday</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>63</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="year"><b>year</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.year
        -> <i>aFixnum</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the year for <i>time</i> (including the century).
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.now</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>Sun&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;04&nbsp;23:30:26&nbsp;CST&nbsp;2001</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.year</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>2001</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td><tr><td valign="center" bgcolor="#ff9999"><font size="4"><a name="zone"><b>zone</b></a></font></td><td bgcolor="#ffaaaa">
        <i>time</i>.zone
        -> <i>aString</i>
      </td></tr><td></td><td>
<P></P>
      Returns the name of the time zone used for <i>time</i>.
<P></P>

<table bgcolor="#fff0f0" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="3" width="500">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.gm(2000,&nbsp;"jan",&nbsp;1,&nbsp;20,&nbsp;15,&nbsp;1)</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.zone</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"GMT"</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" valign="top"><code>t&nbsp;=&nbsp;Time.local(2000,&nbsp;"jan",&nbsp;1,&nbsp;20,&nbsp;15,&nbsp;1)</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td valign="top"><code>t.zone</code></td>
  <td valign="top"></td>
  <td valign="top"><code>"CST"</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<P></P>

<P></P>
      </td></table>
<P></P>

<p></p><hr><table bgcolor="#a03030" cellpadding="10" border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td width="33%" align="left"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_threadgroup.html">Previous &lt;</a></td><td width="33%" align="center" valign="middle"><a class="subheader" href="builtins.html">Contents ^</a><br></td><td width="33%" align="right"><a class="subheader" href="ref_c_trueclass.html">Next ></a><br></td></tr></table><p></p><font size="-1">Extracted from the book "Programming Ruby -
     The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide"</font><br><font size="-3">
      Copyright
      &#169;
      2000 Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Released under the terms of the
      <a href="http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/">Open Publication License</a> V1.0.
        <br>
      This reference is available for
        <a href="http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.com/ruby/downloads/book.html">download</a>.
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