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<LI><A NAME="tex2html2049"
  HREF="#SECTION002010000000000000000">17.1 Packages</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2050"
  HREF="#SECTION002020000000000000000">17.2 U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> Directory Superstructure</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2051"
  HREF="#SECTION002030000000000000000">17.3 L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> on a Single Floppy Disk</A>
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<HR>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION002000000000000000000">
17. Overview of the U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> Directory Layout</A>
</H1>

<P>
<A NAME="chap:dirlayout"></A>
<P>
Here is an overview of how U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> directories are
structured. This is a simplistic and theoretical overview and not a specification
of the L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> file system. Chapter <A HREF="node38.html#chap:linuxfilestand">35</A>
contains proper details of permitted directories and the
kinds of files allowed within them.

<P>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION002010000000000000000">
17.1 Packages</A>
</H1>

<P>
L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> systems are divided into hundreds of small <I>packages</I>,
each performing some logical group of operations. On L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>, many
small, self-contained packages interoperate to give greater
functionality than would large, aggregated pieces of
software. There is also no clear distinction between what is
part of the operating system and what is an application--every
function is just a package.

<P>
A software package on a RedHat type system is distributed in a
single <I>RedHat Package Manager</I> (<I>RPM</I>) file that has
a <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">.rpm</FONT></TT> extension. On a <I>Debian</I> distribution, the
equivalent is a <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">.deb</FONT></TT> package file, and on the
<I>Slackware</I> distribution there are Slackware <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">.tgz</FONT></TT>
files.

<P>
Each package will unpack as many files, which are placed all over
the system. Packages generally do not create major directories but
unpack files into existing, well-known, major directories.

<P>
Note that on a newly installed system there are no
files anywhere that do not belong to some package.

<P>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION002020000000000000000">
17.2 U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> Directory Superstructure</A>
</H1>

<P>
<A NAME="sec:dirsuper"></A>
<P>
The root directory on a
U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> system typically looks like this:

<P><TABLE nowrap="1" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TR>
<TD valign="top" class="source" width="2%"><FONT color=red>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>5</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>10</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
</FONT></TD><TD valign="top" class="source" bgcolor="#FFE0C0"><FONT color=blue>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2048&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;25&nbsp;14:04&nbsp;bin</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;16&nbsp;10:36&nbsp;boot</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;35840&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;26&nbsp;17:08&nbsp;dev</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;41&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4096&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;24&nbsp;20:55&nbsp;etc</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;24&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;27&nbsp;11:01&nbsp;home</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3072&nbsp;May&nbsp;19&nbsp;10:05&nbsp;lib</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12288&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;15&nbsp;&nbsp;1998&nbsp;lost+found</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Jun&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;11:47&nbsp;mnt</code><br>
<code>dr-xr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;80&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;16&nbsp;10:36&nbsp;proc</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3072&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;23&nbsp;23:41&nbsp;sbin</code><br>
<code>drwxrwxrwt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4096&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;28&nbsp;18:12&nbsp;tmp</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;25&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;May&nbsp;29&nbsp;10:23&nbsp;usr</code><br>
</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><P>

<P>
The <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr</FONT></TT> directory typically looks like this:

<P><TABLE nowrap="1" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TR>
<TD valign="top" class="source" width="2%"><FONT color=red>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>5</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>10</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>15</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
</FONT></TD><TD valign="top" class="source" bgcolor="#FFE0C0"><FONT color=blue>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;9&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;May&nbsp;15&nbsp;11:49&nbsp;X11R6</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;27648&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;28&nbsp;17:18&nbsp;bin</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;May&nbsp;13&nbsp;16:46&nbsp;dict</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;261&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7168&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;26&nbsp;10:55&nbsp;doc</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;08:07&nbsp;etc</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2048&nbsp;May&nbsp;15&nbsp;10:02&nbsp;games</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Mar&nbsp;21&nbsp;&nbsp;1999&nbsp;i386-redhat-linux</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;36&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7168&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;12&nbsp;17:06&nbsp;include</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;9216&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;09:05&nbsp;info</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;79&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;12288&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;28&nbsp;17:17&nbsp;lib</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;May&nbsp;13&nbsp;16:21&nbsp;libexec</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;15&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;May&nbsp;13&nbsp;16:35&nbsp;man</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4096&nbsp;May&nbsp;15&nbsp;10:02&nbsp;sbin</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;39&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;12&nbsp;17:07&nbsp;share</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;14:38&nbsp;src</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Dec&nbsp;16&nbsp;&nbsp;1998&nbsp;var</code><br>
</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><P>

<P>
The <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/local</FONT></TT> directory typically looks like this:

<P><TABLE nowrap="1" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<TR>
<TD valign="top" class="source" width="2%"><FONT color=red>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>5</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<code>&nbsp;</code><br>
<font size="-1"><code>10</code></font><code>&nbsp;</code><br>
</FONT></TD><TD valign="top" class="source" bgcolor="#FFE0C0"><FONT color=blue>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4096&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;27&nbsp;13:16&nbsp;bin</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Feb&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;1996&nbsp;doc</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;08:07&nbsp;etc</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Feb&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;1996&nbsp;games</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;21&nbsp;19:36&nbsp;include</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;09:08&nbsp;info</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;9&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2048&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;21&nbsp;19:44&nbsp;lib</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;12&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;1998&nbsp;man</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Feb&nbsp;&nbsp;6&nbsp;&nbsp;1996&nbsp;sbin</code><br>
<code>drwxr-xr-x&nbsp;&nbsp;15&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1024&nbsp;Sep&nbsp;&nbsp;7&nbsp;09:08&nbsp;share</code><br>
</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><P>

<P>
and the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/X11R6</FONT></TT> directory also looks similar. What
is apparent here is that all these directories contain a similar
set of subdirectories. This set of subdirectories is called a
<I>directory superstructure</I><A NAME="page:directsuper"></A> or
<I>superstructure</I>. <FONT COLOR="#ffa500">[To my knowledge this is a new
term not previously used by U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> administrators.]</FONT>
<P>
The superstructure always contains a <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">bin</FONT></TT> and <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">lib</FONT></TT>
subdirectory, but almost all others are optional.

<P>
Each package will install under one of these superstructures,
meaning that it will unpack many files into various
subdirectories of the superstructure. A RedHat package would
always install under the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr</FONT></TT> or <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/</FONT></TT>
superstructure, unless it is a graphical <B>X</B> Window System
application, which installs under the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/X11R6/</FONT></TT>
superstructure. Some very large applications may install under a
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/opt/&lt;package-name&gt;</FONT></TT> superstructure, and homemade
packages usually install under the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/local/</FONT></TT>
superstructure (<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">local</FONT></TT> means <I>specific to this very machine</I>).
The directory superstructure under which
a package installs is often called the <I>installation prefix</I>.
<I>Packages almost never install files
across different superstructures.</I> <FONT COLOR="#ffa500">[Exceptions to this are
configuration files which are mostly stored in <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/</FONT></TT>.]</FONT>
<P>
Typically, most of the system is under <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr</FONT></TT>. This
directory can be read-only, since packages should never need to
write to this directory--any writing is done under
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var</FONT></TT> or <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/tmp</FONT></TT> (<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/var</FONT></TT> and
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/tmp</FONT></TT> are often just symlinked to <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var</FONT></TT> or
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/tmp</FONT></TT>, respectively). The small amount under <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/</FONT></TT>
that is not part of another superstructure (usually about 40
megabytes) performs essential system administration functions.
These are commands needed to bring up or repair the system in
the absence of <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr</FONT></TT>.

<P>
The list of superstructure subdirectories and their
descriptions is as follows:

<P>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">bin</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Binary executables</I>. Usually all <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">bin</FONT></TT> directories are
in the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">PATH</FONT></TT> environment variable so that the shell will search all
these directories for binaries.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">sbin</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Superuser binary executables</I>. These are programs for system administration only.
Only the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">root</FONT></TT> will have these executables in their <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">PATH</FONT></TT>.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">lib</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Libraries</I>. All other data needed by programs goes in here.
Most packages have their own subdirectory under <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">lib</FONT></TT> to
store data files into. <I>Dynamically Linked Libraries</I>
(<I>DLL</I>s or <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">.so</FONT></TT> files.) <FONT COLOR="#ffa500">[Executable program code shared by more
than one program in the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">bin</FONT></TT> directory to save disk space and memory.]</FONT> are stored
directly in <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">lib</FONT></TT>.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">etc</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Et cetera</I>. Configuration files.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">var</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Variable data</I>. Data files that are continually being re-created or updated.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">doc</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Documentation</I>. This directory is discussed in Chapter <A HREF="node19.html#chap:alldoc">16</A>.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">man</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Manual pages</I>. This directory is discussed in Chapter <A HREF="node19.html#chap:alldoc">16</A>.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">info</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Info pages</I>. This directory is discussed in Chapter <A HREF="node19.html#chap:alldoc">16</A>.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">share</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Shared data</I>. Architecture-independent files. Files that are independent
of the hardware platform go here. This allows them to be
shared across different machines, even though those machines may have a
different kind of processor altogether.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">include</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I><B>C</B> header files</I>. These are for development.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">src</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I><B>C</B> source files</I>. These are sources to the kernel or locally built packages.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG><TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">tmp</FONT></TT></STRONG></DT>
<DD><I>Temporary files</I>. A convenient place for a running program
to create a file for temporary use.
</DD>
</DL>

<P>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION002030000000000000000">
17.3 L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> on a Single 1.44 Megabyte Floppy Disk</A>
</H1>

<P>
You can get L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> to run on a 1.44 megabyte floppy disk if you
trim all unneeded files off an old Slackware distribution with a
2.0.3x kernel. You can compile a small 2.0.3x kernel to about
400 kilobytes (compressed) (see Chapter <A HREF="node45.html#chap:kernelsource">42</A>).
A file system can be reduced to 2-3
megabytes of absolute essentials and when compressed will fit
into 1 megabyte. If the total is under 1.44 megabytes, then you
have your L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> on one floppy.
The file list might be as follows (includes all links):

<P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING=1 BORDER="1">
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin</FONT></TT>              </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc</FONT></TT>                  </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib</FONT></TT>                       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin</FONT></TT>                </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/sh</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/default</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/ld.so</FONT></TT>                 </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/e2fsck</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/adm</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/cat</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/fstab</FONT></TT>            </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libc.so.5</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/fdisk</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/adm/utmp</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/chmod</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/group</FONT></TT>            </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/ld-linux.so.1</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/fsck</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/adm/cron</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/chown</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/host.conf</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libcurses.so.1</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/ifconfig</FONT></TT>       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/spool</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/cp</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/hosts</FONT></TT>            </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libc.so.5.3.12</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/iflink</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/spool/uucp</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/pwd</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/inittab</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8</FONT></TT>   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/ifsetup</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/spool/uucp/SYSLOG</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/dd</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/issue</FONT></TT>            </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libtermcap.so.2</FONT></TT>       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/init</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/spool/uucp/ERRLOG</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/df</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/utmp</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libext2fs.so.2.3</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/mke2fs</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/spool/locks</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/du</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/networks</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libcom_err.so.2</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/mkfs</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/tmp</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/free</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/passwd</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libcom_err.so.2.0</FONT></TT>    </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/mkfs.minix</FONT></TT>     </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/run</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/gunzip</FONT></TT>       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/profile</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libext2fs.so.2</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/mklost+found</FONT></TT>   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/var/run/utmp</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/gzip</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/protocols</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libm.so.5.0.5</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/mkswap</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/hostname</FONT></TT>     </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/libm.so.5</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/mount</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/home/user</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/login</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.0</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/cpp</FONT></TT>                   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/route</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/ls</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.K</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
</TT>                           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/shutdown</FONT></TT>       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/mnt</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/mkdir</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.M</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr</FONT></TT>                       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/swapoff</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/mv</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.S</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/adm</FONT></TT>                   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/swapon</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/proc</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/ps</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.inet1</FONT></TT>    </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin</FONT></TT>                   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/telinit</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/rm</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.6</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/less</FONT></TT>              </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/umount</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/tmp</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/stty</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.4</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/more</FONT></TT>              </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/agetty</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/su</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d/rc.inet2</FONT></TT>    </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/sleep</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/update</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/dev/&lt;various-devices&gt;</FONT></TT>	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/sync</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/resolv.conf</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/reset</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/reboot</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/zcat</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/services</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/zless</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/netcfg</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/dircolors</FONT></TT>    </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/termcap</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/file</FONT></TT>              </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/killall5</FONT></TT>       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/mount</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/motd</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/fdformat</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/fsck.minix</FONT></TT>     </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/umount</FONT></TT>       </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/magic</FONT></TT>            </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/strings</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/halt</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/bash</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/DIR_COLORS</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/zgrep</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/badblocks</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/domainname</FONT></TT>   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/HOSTNAME</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/nc</FONT></TT>                </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/kerneld</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/head</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/mtools</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/which</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/sbin/fsck.ext2</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/kill</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/ld.so.cache</FONT></TT>      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/bin/grep</FONT></TT>              </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/tar</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/psdevtab</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/sbin</FONT></TT>                  </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/cut</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/mtab</FONT></TT>             </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/sbin/showmount</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/uname</FONT></TT>        </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/fastboot</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/sbin/chroot</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/ping</FONT></TT>         </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                                </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/spool</FONT></TT>                 </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/ln</FONT></TT>           </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                                </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/usr/tmp</FONT></TT>                   </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">	</FONT></TD>
</TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2"> 
<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/bin/ash</FONT></TT>          </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                                </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                                     </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">                      </FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><FONT SIZE="-2">      </FONT></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
Note that the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">etc</FONT></TT> directory differs from that of a
RedHat distribution. The system startup files <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/etc/rc.d</FONT></TT>
are greatly simplified under Slackware.

<P>
The <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/modules</FONT></TT> directory has been stripped for the
creation of this floppy. <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">/lib/modules/2.0.36</FONT></TT> would
contain dynamically loadable kernel drivers (modules). Instead,
all needed drivers are compiled into the kernel for simplicity
(explained in Chapter <A HREF="node45.html#chap:kernelsource">42</A>).

<P>
At some point, try creating a single floppy distribution
as an exercise. This task should be most instructive to a
serious system administrator. At the very least, you
should look through all of the commands in the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">bin</FONT></TT>
directories and the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">sbin</FONT></TT> directories above and browse
through the man pages of any that are unfamiliar.

<P>
The preceding file system comes from the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">morecram-1.3</FONT></TT>
package available from
<I><TT><A NAME="tex2html28"
  HREF="http://rute.sourceforge.net/morecram-1.3.tar.gz">http://rute.sourceforge.net/morecram-1.3.tar.gz</A></TT></I>.
It can be downloaded to provide a useful rescue and setup
disk. Note that there are <I>many</I> such rescue disks
available which are more current than <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">morecram</FONT></TT>.

<P>

<P>
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