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<A NAME="CHILD_LINKS"><STRONG>Subsections</STRONG></A>

<UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2969"
  HREF="#SECTION004910000000000000000">B.1 Exam Details for 101</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2970"
  HREF="#SECTION004920000000000000000">General L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>, part I</A>
<UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2971"
  HREF="#SECTION004921000000000000000">Topic 1.3: GNU and U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> Commands</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2972"
  HREF="#SECTION004922000000000000000">Topic 2.4: Devices, L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> File Systems,
<BR>
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2973"
  HREF="#SECTION004923000000000000000">Topic 2.6: Boot, Initialization, Shutdown, Run Levels</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2974"
  HREF="#SECTION004924000000000000000">Topic 1.8: Documentation</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2975"
  HREF="#SECTION004925000000000000000">Topic 2.11: Administrative Tasks</A>
</UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2976"
  HREF="#SECTION004930000000000000000">B.2 Exam Details for 102</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2977"
  HREF="#SECTION004940000000000000000">General L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>, part II</A>
<UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2978"
  HREF="#SECTION004941000000000000000">Topic 1.1: Hardware and Architecture</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2979"
  HREF="#SECTION004942000000000000000">Topic 2.2: L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> Installation and Package Management</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2980"
  HREF="#SECTION004943000000000000000">Topic 1.5: Kernel</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2981"
  HREF="#SECTION004944000000000000000">Topic 1.7: Text Editing, Processing, Printing</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2982"
  HREF="#SECTION004945000000000000000">Topic 1.9: Shells, Scripting, Programming, Compiling</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2983"
  HREF="#SECTION004946000000000000000">Topic 2.10: X</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2984"
  HREF="#SECTION004947000000000000000">Topic 1.12: Networking Fundamentals</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2985"
  HREF="#SECTION004948000000000000000">Topic 1.13: Networking Services</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html2986"
  HREF="#SECTION004949000000000000000">Topic 1.14: Security</A>
</UL></UL>
<!--End of Table of Child-Links-->
<HR>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION004900000000000000000">
B. L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> Professionals Institute Certification Cross-Reference</A>
</H1>

<P>
<A NAME="chap:lpi"></A>
<P>

<I>These requirements are quoted verbatim from the <EM>LPI web page</EM> <I>&lt;<TT><A NAME="tex2html89"
  HREF="http://www.lpi.org/">http://www.lpi.org/</A></TT>&gt;</I>.
For each objective, the relevant chapter or section from this book
is referenced in parentheses: these are my additions to the
text. In some cases, outside references are given. Note that
the LPI level 2 exams have not been finalized as of this writing.
However, the preliminary draft of the level 2 curricula is mostly
covered by this book.</I>
<BR>

<P>
<HR>

<P>
&nbsp; &nbsp; 
<BR>
<P>

<P>
Each objective is assigned a weighting value. The weights range roughly from 1 to 8,
and indicate the relative importance of each objective. Objectives with higher
weights will be covered by more exam questions.

<P>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION004910000000000000000">
B.1 Exam Details for 101</A>
</H1>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION004920000000000000000">
General L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>, part I</A>
</H1>

<P>
This is a required exam for certification level I. It covers fundamental system
administration activities that are common across all flavors of L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>. 

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004921000000000000000">
Topic 1.3: GNU and U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> Commands</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Work Effectively on the U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> command line </B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Interact with shells and commands using the command line (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node7.html#chap:basiccmd">4</A>). Includes typing
valid commands and command sequences (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node7.html#chap:basiccmd">4</A>), defining, referencing and
exporting environment variables (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node12.html#chap:processenviron">9</A>), using command history and editing facilities  (Section <A HREF="node5.html#sec:cmdlineeditkeys">2.6</A>),
invoking commands in the path and outside the path (Section <A HREF="node7.html#sec:relvsabspath">4.6</A>), using command
substitution, and applying commands recursively through a directory tree  (Section <A HREF="node23.html#sec:recursivegrepxargs">20.7.5</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Process text streams using text processing filters</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 7</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Send text files and output streams through text utility filters to modify the
output in a useful way (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node11.html#chap:streams">8</A>). Includes the use of standard U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> commands found in
the GNU textutils package such as sed, sort, cut, expand, fmt, head, join, nl,
od, paste, pr, split, tac, tail, tr, and wc (see the man pages for each of these commands
in conjunction with Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node11.html#chap:streams">8</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Perform basic file management</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Use the basic U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> commands to copy and move files and directories (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node7.html#chap:basiccmd">4</A>).
Perform advanced file management operations such as copying multiple files
recursively and moving files that meet a wildcard pattern (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node7.html#chap:basiccmd">4</A>). Use simple and
advanced wildcard specifications to refer to files (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node7.html#sec:wildcardsextglob">4.3</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Use U<SMALL>NIX</SMALL> streams, pipes, and redirects</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Connect files to commands and commands to other commands to efficiently
process textual data. Includes redirecting standard input, standard output,
and standard error; and piping one command's output into another command
as input or as arguments (using xargs); sending output to stdout and a file
(using tee) (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node11.html#chap:streams">8</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 5: Create, monitor, and kill processes</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Includes running jobs in the foreground and background
(Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node12.html#chap:processenviron">9</A>), bringing a job from
the background to the foreground and vise versa, monitoring active
processes, sending signals to processes, and killing processes. Includes using
commands ps, top,
kill, bg, fg,
and jobs (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node12.html#chap:processenviron">9</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 6: Modify process execution priorities</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Run a program with higher or lower priority, determine the priority of a
process, change the priority of a running process (Section <A HREF="node12.html#sec:nicenessschedulepri">9.7</A>).
Includes the command nice and its relatives (Section <A HREF="node12.html#sec:nicenessschedulepri">9.7</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 7: Perform searches of text files making use of regular expressions</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Includes creating simple regular expressions and using related tools such as
grep and sed to perform searches  (Chapters <A HREF="node8.html#chap:regexp">5</A> and <A HREF="node11.html#chap:streams">8</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004922000000000000000">
Topic 2.4: Devices, L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> File Systems,
<BR>
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Create partitions and filesystems</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Create disk partitions using fdisk, create hard drive and other media
filesystems using mkfs (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node22.html#chap:partfilesys">19</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Maintain the integrity of filesystems</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Verify the integrity of filesystems, monitor free space and inodes, fix simple
filesystem problems. Includes commands fsck, du, df (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node22.html#chap:partfilesys">19</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Control filesystem mounting and unmounting</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Mount and unmount filesystems manually, configure filesystem mounting on
bootup, configure user-mountable removable file systems. Includes
managing file /etc/fstab  (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node22.html#chap:partfilesys">19</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Set and view disk quota</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 1</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Setup disk quota for a filesystem, edit user quota, check user quota, generate
reports of user quota. Includes quota, edquota,
repquota, quotaon commands. (Quotas are
not covered but are easily learned form the Quota mini-HOWTO.)</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 5: Use file permissions to control access to files</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Set permissions on files, directories, and special files, use special permission
modes such as suid and sticky bit, use the group field to grant file access to
workgroups, change default file creation mode. Includes chmod and umask
commands. Requires understanding symbolic and numeric permissions (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node17.html#chap:permmodtimes">14</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 6: Manage file ownership</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Change the owner or group for a file, control what group is assigned to new
files created in a directory. Includes chown and
chgrp commands (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node14.html#chap:useraccounts">11</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 7: Create and change hard and symbolic links</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Create hard and symbolic links,
identify the hard links to a file, copy files by
following or not following symbolic links, use hard and symbolic links for
efficient system administration (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node18.html#chap:links">15</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 8: Find system files and place files in the correct location</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Understand the filesystem hierarchy standard, know standard file locations,
know the purpose of various system directories, find commands and files.
Involves using the commands: find, locate, which, updatedb . Involves editing
the file: /etc/updatedb.conf  (Section <A HREF="node7.html#sec:searchingforfiles">4.14</A> and
Chapters <A HREF="node20.html#chap:dirlayout">17</A> and <A HREF="node38.html#chap:linuxfilestand">35</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004923000000000000000">
Topic 2.6: Boot, Initialization, Shutdown, Run Levels</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Boot the system</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Guide the system through the booting process, including giving options to the
kernel at boot time, and check the events in the log files. Involves using the
commands: dmesg (lilo). Involves reviewing the files: /var/log/messages,
/etc/lilo.conf, /etc/conf.modules | /etc/modules.conf
(Sections <A HREF="node24.html#sec:logfileslpd">21.4.8</A> and <A HREF="node45.html#sec:passingmodoptions">42.5.1</A> and Chapters <A HREF="node34.html#chap:lilo">31</A> and <A HREF="node35.html#chap:bootup">32</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Change runlevels and shutdown or reboot system</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Securely change the runlevel of the system, specifically to single user mode,
halt (shutdown) or reboot. Make sure to alert users beforehand, and properly
terminate processes. Involves using the commands: shutdown, init (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node35.html#chap:bootup">32</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004924000000000000000">
Topic 1.8: Documentation</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Use and Manage Local System Documentation</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Use and administer the man facility and the material in /usr/doc/. Includes
finding relevant man pages, searching man page sections, finding commands
and manpages related to one, configuring access to man sources and the man
system, using system documentation stored in /usr/doc/ and related places,
determining what documentation to keep in /usr/doc/ (Section
<A HREF="node7.html#sec:man">4.7</A> and Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node19.html#chap:alldoc">16</A>; you should also study the man
page of the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">man</FONT></TT> command itself).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Find L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> documentation on the Internet</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Find and use L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> documentation at sources such as the L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>
Documentation Project, vendor and third-party websites, newsgroups,
newsgroup archives, mailing lists (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node16.html#chap:linuxresources">13</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Write System Documentation</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 1</I>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Write documentation and maintain logs for local conventions, procedures,
configuration and configuration changes, file locations, applications, and shell
scripts. (You should learn how to write a man page yourself. There are many man pages
to copy as examples. It is difficult to say what the LPI had in mind for this
objective.)</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Provide User Support</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 1</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Provide technical assistance to users via telephone, email, and personal
contact. (This is not covered. Providing user support can be practiced by answering
questions on the newsgroups or mailing lists.)</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004925000000000000000">
Topic 2.11: Administrative Tasks</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Manage users and group accounts and related system files</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 7</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Add, remove, suspend user accounts, add and remove groups, change
user/group info in passwd/group databases, create special purpose and
limited accounts. Includes commands useradd, userdel,
groupadd, gpasswd,
passwd, and file passwd,
group, shadow, and
gshadow. (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node14.html#chap:useraccounts">11</A>. You
should also study the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">useradd</FONT></TT> and <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">groupadd</FONT></TT> man pages in detail.)</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Tune the user environment and system environment variables</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Modify global and user profiles to set environment variable, maintain skel
directories for new user accounts, place proper commands in path. Involves
editing /etc/profile and /etc/skel/ (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node14.html#chap:useraccounts">11</A> and Section <A HREF="node23.html#sec:shellinitializ">20.8</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Configure and use system log files to meet administrative and security needs</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Configure the type and level of information logged, manually scan log files for
notable activity, arrange for automatic rotation and archiving of logs, track
down problems noted in logs. Involves editing /etc/syslog.conf (Sections <A HREF="node24.html#sec:logfileslpd">21.4.8</A> and <A HREF="node24.html#sec:logrotation">21.4.9</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs to run in the future</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Use cron to run jobs at regular intervals, use at to run jobs at a specific time,
manage cron and at jobs, configure user access to cron and at services (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node40.html#chap:crond">37</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 5: Maintain an effective data backup strategy</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Plan a backup strategy, backup filesystems automatically to various media,
perform partial and manual backups, verify the integrity of backup files,
partially or fully restore backups (Section <A HREF="node7.html#sec:archandback">4.17</A> and Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node21.html#chap:unixdevices">18</A>).</FONT>

<P>


<P>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION004930000000000000000">
B.2 Exam Details for 102</A>
</H1>

<H1><A NAME="SECTION004940000000000000000">
General L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL>, part II</A>
</H1>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004941000000000000000">
Topic 1.1: Hardware and Architecture</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Configure fundamental system hardware</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Demonstrate a proper understanding of important BIOS settings, set the date
and time, ensure IRQs and I/O addresses are correct for all ports including
serial and parallel, make a note of IRQs and I/Os, be aware of the issues
associated with drives larger than 1024 cylinders (Chapters <A HREF="node6.html#chap:pchardware">3</A> and <A HREF="node45.html#chap:kernelsource">42</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Setup SCSI and NIC devices</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Manipulate the SCSI BIOS to detect used and available SCSI IDs, set the
SCSI ID to the correct ID number for the boot device and any other devices
required, format the SCSI drive--low level with manufacturer's installation
tools--and properly partition and system format with L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> fdisk and mke2fs,
set up NIC using manufacturer's setup tools setting the I/O and the IRQ as
well as the DMA if required. (Sections <A HREF="node45.html#sec:nicetherisa">42.6.3</A> and <A HREF="node45.html#sec:scsidiskkern">42.6.9</A>.
Each hardware vendor has their own specific tools. There are few such NICs still
left to practice on.)</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Configure modem, sound cards</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Ensure devices meet compatibility requirements (particularly that the modem
is NOT a win-modem), verify that both the modem and sound card are using
unique and correct IRQs, I/O, and DMA addresses,
if the sound card is PnP
install and run sndconfig and isapnp,
configure modem for outbound dialup,
configure modem for outbound PPP | SLIP | CSLIP connection,
set serial port
for 115.2 Kbps (Sections <A HREF="node45.html#sec:soundsandpnpdump">42.6.1</A>, <A HREF="node45.html#sec:serialdevices">42.6.12</A>,
and <A HREF="node45.html#sec:internalmodemcard">42.7</A> and Chapters <A HREF="node37.html#chap:uucp">34</A> and <A HREF="node44.html#chap:pppdialup">41</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004942000000000000000">
Topic 2.2: L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> Installation and Package Management</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Design hard-disk layout</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Design a partitioning scheme for a L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> system, depending on the hardware
and system use (number of disks, partition sizes,
mount points, kernel location
on disk, swap space). (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node22.html#chap:partfilesys">19</A>.)</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Install a boot manager</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Select, install and configure a boot loader at an appropriate disk location.
Provide alternative and backup boot options (like a boot floppy disk). Involves
using the command: lilo . Involves editing the file: /etc/lilo.conf  (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node34.html#chap:lilo">31</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Make and install programs from source</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Manage (compressed) archives of files (unpack "tarballs"), specifically
GNU source packages. Install and configure these on your systems. Do simple
manual customization of the Makefile if necessary (like paths, extra include
dirs) and make and install the executable. Involves using the commands:
gunzip, tar, ./configure,
make, make install . Involves editing the files:
./Makefile  (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node27.html#chap:packages">24</A>).</FONT> 

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Manage shared libraries</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Determine the dependencies of executable programs on shared libraries, and
install these when necessary. Involves using the commands: ldd, ldconfig .
Involves editing the files: /etc/ld.so.conf (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node26.html#chap:sharedlib">23</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 5: Use Debian package management</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Use the Debian package management system, from the command line (dpkg)
and with interactive tools (dselect).
Be able to find a package containing specific files or software; select and
retrieve them from archives; install, upgrade or uninstall them; obtain status
information like version, content, dependencies, integrity, installation status;
and determine which packages are installed and from which package a
specific file has been installed. Be able to install a non-Debian package on a
Debian system (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node27.html#chap:packages">24</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Involves using the commands and programs: dpkg, dselect, apt, apt-get,
alien . Involves reviewing or editing the files and directories: /var/lib/dpkg/* .</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 6:Use Red Hat Package Manager (rpm)</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 6</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Use rpm from the command line. Familiarize yourself with these tasks:
Install a package, uninstall a package, determine the version of the package
and the version of the software it contains, list the files in a package, list
documentation files in a package, list configuration files or installation or
uninstallation scripts in a package, find out for a certain file from which
package it was installed, find out which packages have been installed on the
system (all packages, or from a subset of packages), find out in which
package a certain program or file can be found, verify the integrity of a
package, verify the PGP or GPG signature of a package, upgrade a package.
Involves using the commands and programs: rpm, grep (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node27.html#chap:packages">24</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004943000000000000000">
Topic 1.5: Kernel</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Manage kernel modules at runtime</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Learn which functionality is available through loadable kernel modules, and
manually load and unload the modules as appropriate.
Involves using the commands: lsmod, insmod, rmmod, modinfo, modprobe.
Involves reviewing the files: /etc/modules.conf | /etc/conf.modules
(*&nbsp;depends on distribution&nbsp;*),
/lib/modules/<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">&#123;</FONT></TT>kernel-version<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">&#125;</FONT></TT>/modules.dep
(Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node45.html#chap:kernelsource">42</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Reconfigure, build, and install a custom kernel and modules</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Obtain and install approved kernel sources and headers (from a repository at
your site, CD, kernel.org, or your vendor);
customize the kernel configuration (i.e., reconfigure the kernel from the
existing .config file when needed, using oldconfig, menuconfig or xconfig);
Make a new L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> kernel and modules;
Install the new kernel and modules at the proper place;
Reconfigure and run lilo.
N.B.: This does not require to upgrade the kernel to a new version (full
source nor patch).
Requires the commands: make (dep, clean, menuconfig, bzImage, modules,
modules_install), depmod, lilo.
Requires reviewing or editing the files: /usr/src/linux/.config ,
/usr/src/linux/Makefile, /lib/modules/<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">&#123;</FONT></TT>kernelversion<TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">&#125;</FONT></TT>/modules.dep,
/etc/conf.modules | /etc/modules.conf, /etc/lilo.conf  (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node45.html#chap:kernelsource">42</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004944000000000000000">
Topic 1.7: Text Editing, Processing, Printing</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Perform basic file editing operations using vi</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Edit text files using vi. Includes vi navigation, basic modes, inserting, editing
and deleting text, finding text, and copying text (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node9.html#chap:edittextfiles">6</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Manage printers and print queues</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Monitor and manage print queues and user print jobs, troubleshoot general
printing problems. Includes the commands: lpc, lpq, lprm and lpr . Includes
reviewing the file: /etc/printcap  (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node24.html#chap:printserver">21</A>). </FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Print files</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 1</I>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Submit jobs to print queues, convert text files to postscript for printing.
Includes lpr command (Section <A HREF="node24.html#sec:postscriptprintfilt">21.6</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Install and configure local and remote printers</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>
<FONT SIZE="-1">Install a printer daemon, install and configure a print filter (e.g.: apsfilter,
magicfilter). Make local and remote printers accessible for a L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> system,
including postscript, non-postscript, and Samba printers. Involves the
daemon: lpd . Involves editing or reviewing the files and directories:
/etc/printcap , /etc/apsfilterrc , /usr/lib/apsfilter/filter/*/ , /etc/magicfilter/*/ ,
/var/spool/lpd/*/  (why <I>not</I> to use <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">apsfilter</FONT></TT> is
discussed in Section <A HREF="node24.html#sec:apsfilter">21.9.2</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004945000000000000000">
Topic 1.9: Shells, Scripting, Programming, Compiling</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Customize and use the shell environment</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Customize your shell environment: set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at
login or when spawning a new shell; write bash functions for frequently used
sequences of commands. Involves editing these files in your home directory:
.bash_profile | .bash_login | .profile ; .bashrc ; .bash_logout ; .inputrc
(Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node23.html#chap:advancedscript">20</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Customize or write simple scripts</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Customize existing scripts (like paths in scripts of any language), or write
simple new (ba)sh scripts. Besides use of standard sh syntax (loops, tests), be
able to do things like: command substitution and testing of command return
values, test of file status, and conditional mailing to the superuser. Make sure
the correct interpreter is called on the first (&#35;!) line, and consider location,
ownership, and execution- and suid-rights of the script
(Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node23.html#chap:advancedscript">20</A>; setuid is covered in
Sections <A HREF="node36.html#sec:faxsetuidbin">33.2</A> and <A HREF="node39.html#sec:setuidcgiwrapper">36.2.10</A> from a slightly
more utilitarian angle).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004946000000000000000">
Topic 2.10: X</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Install and configure XFree86</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server, install
the correct X server, configure the X server, install an X font server, install
required fonts for X (may require a manual edit of /etc/X11/XF86Config in
the "Files" section), customize and tune X for videocard and monitor.
Commands: XF86Setup, xf86config. Files: /etc/X11/XF86Config,
.xresources (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node46.html#chap:x">43</A>). </FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Setup XDM</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 1</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Turn xdm on and off, change the xdm greeting, change default bitplanes for
xdm, set-up xdm for use by X-stations (see the <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">xdm</FONT></TT> man page for
comprehensive information).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Identify and terminate runaway X applications</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 1</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Identify and kill X applications that won't die after user ends an X-session.
Example: netscape, tkrat, etc. </FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Install and customize a Window Manager Environment</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Select and customize a system-wide default window manager and/or
desktop environment, demonstrate an understanding of customization
procedures for window manager menus, configure menus for the window
manager, select and configure the desired x-terminal (xterm, rxvt, aterm
etc.), verify and resolve library dependency issues for X applications, export
an X-display to a client workstation. Commands: Files: .xinitrc, .Xdefaults,
various .rc files.  (The <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">xinit</FONT></TT>, <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">startx</FONT></TT>, and <TT>
<FONT COLOR="#0000ff">xdm</FONT></TT> man
pages provide this information.)</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004947000000000000000">
Topic 1.12: Networking Fundamentals</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Fundamentals of TCP/IP</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Demonstrate an understanding of network masks and what they mean (i.e.
determine a network address for a host based on its subnet mask),
understand basic TCP/IP protocols (TCP, UDP, ICMP) and also PPP,
demonstrate an understanding of the purpose and use of the more common
ports found in /etc/services (20, 21, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 119, 139, 143, 161),
demonstrate an correct understanding of the function and application of a
default route. Execute basic TCP/IP tasks: FTP, anonymous FTP, telnet,
host, ping, dig, traceroute, whois (Chapters <A HREF="node28.html#chap:introtoip">25</A> and <A HREF="node29.html#chap:tcpudp">26</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: (superseded)</B>
<BR>
<BR>
<B>Obj 3: TCP/IP troubleshooting and configuration</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 10</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Demonstrate an understanding of the techniques required to list, configure
and verify the operational status of network interfaces, change, view or
configure the routing table, check the existing route table, correct an
improperly set default route, manually
add/start/stop/restart/delete/reconfigure network interfaces, and configure
L<SMALL>INUX</SMALL> as a DHCP client and a TCP/IP host and debug associated problems.
May involve reviewing or configuring the following files or directories:
/etc/HOSTNAME | /etc/hostname, /etc/hosts, /etc/networks, /etc/host.conf,
/etc/resolv.conf, and other network configuration files for your distribution.
May involve the use of the following commands and programs: dhcpd, host,
hostname (domainname, dnsdomainname), ifconfig, netstat, ping, route,
traceroute, the network scripts run during system initialization
(Chapters <A HREF="node28.html#chap:introtoip">25</A> and <A HREF="node30.html#chap:dns">27</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Configure and use PPP</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Define the chat sequence to connect (given a login example), setup
commands to be run automatically when a PPP connection is made, initiate or
terminate a PPP connection, initiate or terminate an ISDN connection, set
PPP to automatically reconnect if disconnected (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node44.html#chap:pppdialup">41</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004948000000000000000">
Topic 1.13: Networking Services</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Configure and manage inetd and related services</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Configure which services are available through inetd, use tcpwrappers to
allow or deny services on a host-by-host basis, manually start, stop, and
restart Internet services, configure basic network services including telnet
and ftp. Includes managing inetd.conf, hosts.allow, and hosts.deny (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node32.html#chap:xinetd">29</A>). </FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Operate and perform basic configuration of sendmail</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 5</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Modify simple parameters in sendmail config files (modify the DS value for
the "Smart Host" if necessary), create mail aliases, manage the mail queue,
start and stop sendmail, configure mail forwarding (.forward), perform basic
troubleshooting of sendmail. Does not include advanced custom configuration
of sendmail. Includes commands mailq, sendmail, and newaliases. Includes
aliases and mail/ config files (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node33.html#chap:eximsendmail">30</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Operate and perform basic configuration of apache</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Modify simple parameters in apache config files, start, stop, and restart httpd,
arrange for automatic restarting of httpd upon boot. Does not include
advanced custom configuration of apache. Includes managing httpd conf
files (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node39.html#chap:apache">36</A>). </FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 4: Properly manage the NFS, smb, and nmb daemons</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Mount remote filesystems using NFS, configure NFS for exporting local
filesystems, start, stop, and restart the NFS server. Install and configure
Samba using the included GUI tools or direct edit of the /etc/smb.conf file
(Note: this deliberately excludes advanced NT domain issues but includes
simple sharing of home directories and printers, as well as correctly setting
the nmbd as a WINS client).  (Chapters <A HREF="node31.html#chap:nfs">28</A> and <A HREF="node42.html#chap:smbd">39</A>.)</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 5: Setup and configure basic DNS services</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 3</I>

<P>

<A NAME="page:lpibind"></A><FONT SIZE="-1">Configure hostname lookups by maintaining the /etc/hosts, /etc/resolv.conf,
/etc/host.conf, and /etc/nsswitch.conf files, troubleshoot problems with local
caching-only name server. Requires an understanding of the domain
registration and DNS translation process. Requires understanding key
differences in config files for bind 4 and bind 8. Includes commands nslookup,
host. Files: named.boot (v.4) or named.conf (v.8)  (Chapters <A HREF="node30.html#chap:dns">27</A> and <A HREF="node43.html#chap:name">40</A>).</FONT>

<P>

<H2><A NAME="SECTION004949000000000000000">
Topic 1.14: Security</A>
</H2>

<P>
<B>Obj 1: Perform security admin tasks</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Configure and use TCP wrappers to lock down the system, list all files with
SUID bit set, determine if any package (.rpm or .deb) has been corrupted,
verify new packages prior to install, use setgid on dirs to keep group
ownership consistent, change a user's password, set expiration dates on
user's passwords, obtain, install and configure ssh  (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node47.html#chap:security">44</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 2: Setup host security</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 4</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Implement shadowed passwords, turn off unnecessary network services in
inetd, set the proper mailing alias for root and setup syslogd, monitor CERT
and BUGTRAQ, update binaries immediately when security problems are
found (Chapter&nbsp;<A HREF="node47.html#chap:security">44</A>).</FONT>

<P>
<B>Obj 3: Setup user level security</B>
<BR><I>Weight of objective: 2</I>

<P>

<FONT SIZE="-1">Set limits on user logins, processes, and memory usage (Section <A HREF="node14.html#sec:userlimits">11.7.5</A>).</FONT>

<P>
 

<P>
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