1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
|
<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbpasswd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="../samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" title="smbpasswd"><a name="smbpasswd.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbpasswd — change a user's SMB password</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv" title="Synopsis"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><code class="literal">smbpasswd</code> [-a] [-c <config file>] [-x] [-d] [-e] [-D debuglevel] [-n] [-r <remote machine>] [-R <name resolve order>] [-m] [-U username[%password]] [-h] [-s] [-w pass] [-W] [-i] [-L] [username]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" title="DESCRIPTION"><a name="id265732"></a><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a class="citerefentry" href="samba.7.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">samba</span>(7)</span></a> suite.</p><p>The smbpasswd program has several different
functions, depending on whether it is run by the <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> user
or not. When run as a normal user it allows the user to change
the password used for their SMB sessions on any machines that store
SMB passwords. </p><p>By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to
change the current user's SMB password on the local machine. This is
similar to the way the <code class="literal">passwd(1)</code> program works. <code class="literal">
smbpasswd</code> differs from how the passwd program works
however in that it is not <span class="emphasis"><em>setuid root</em></span> but works in
a client-server mode and communicates with a
locally running <a class="citerefentry" href="smbd.8.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbd</span>(8)</span></a>. As a consequence in order for this to
succeed the smbd daemon must be running on the local machine. On a
UNIX machine the encrypted SMB passwords are usually stored in
the <a class="citerefentry" href="smbpasswd.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbpasswd</span>(5)</span></a> file. </p><p>When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd
will prompt them for their old SMB password and then ask them
for their new password twice, to ensure that the new password
was typed correctly. No passwords will be echoed on the screen
whilst being typed. If you have a blank SMB password (specified by
the string "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file) then just press
the <Enter> key when asked for your old password. </p><p>smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their
SMB password on remote machines, such as Windows NT Primary Domain
Controllers. See the (<em class="parameter"><code>-r</code></em>) and <em class="parameter"><code>-U</code></em> options
below. </p><p>When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added
and deleted in the smbpasswd file, as well as allows changes to
the attributes of the user in this file to be made. When run by root, <code class="literal">
smbpasswd</code> accesses the local smbpasswd file
directly, thus enabling changes to be made even if smbd is not
running. </p></div><div class="refsect1" title="OPTIONS"><a name="id265836"></a><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt><dd><p>
This option specifies that the username following should be added to the local smbpasswd file, with the new
password typed (type <Enter> for the old password). This option is ignored if the username following
already exists in the smbpasswd file and it is treated like a regular change password command. Note that the
default passdb backends require the user to already exist in the system password file (usually
<code class="filename">/etc/passwd</code>), else the request to add the user will fail.
</p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd
as root. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-c</span></dt><dd><p>
This option can be used to specify the path and file name of the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> configuration file when it
is important to use other than the default file and / or location.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-x</span></dt><dd><p>
This option specifies that the username following should be deleted from the local smbpasswd file.
</p><p>
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username following
should be <code class="constant">disabled</code> in the local smbpasswd
file. This is done by writing a <code class="constant">'D'</code> flag
into the account control space in the smbpasswd file. Once this
is done all attempts to authenticate via SMB using this username
will fail. </p><p>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba 2.0
format) there is no space in the user's password entry to write
this information and the command will FAIL. See <a class="citerefentry" href="smbpasswd.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbpasswd</span>(5)</span></a> for details on the 'old' and new password file formats.
</p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-e</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username following
should be <code class="constant">enabled</code> in the local smbpasswd file,
if the account was previously disabled. If the account was not
disabled this option has no effect. Once the account is enabled then
the user will be able to authenticate via SMB once again. </p><p>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then <code class="literal">
smbpasswd</code> will FAIL to enable the account.
See <a class="citerefentry" href="smbpasswd.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbpasswd</span>(5)</span></a> for
details on the 'old' and new password file formats. </p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-D debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><em class="replaceable"><code>debuglevel</code></em> is an integer
from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is not specified
is zero. </p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the
log files about the activities of smbpasswd. At level 0, only
critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. </p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log
data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels
above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate
HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username following
should have their password set to null (i.e. a blank password) in
the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing the string "NO
PASSWORD" as the first part of the first password stored in the
smbpasswd file. </p><p>Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once
the password has been set to "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd
file the administrator must set the following parameter in the [global]
section of the <code class="filename">smb.conf</code> file : </p><p><code class="literal">null passwords = yes</code></p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as
root.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-r remote machine name</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows a user to specify what machine
they wish to change their password on. Without this parameter
smbpasswd defaults to the local host. The <em class="replaceable"><code>remote
machine name</code></em> is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS
server to contact to attempt the password change. This name is
resolved into an IP address using the standard name resolution
mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite. See the <em class="parameter"><code>-R
name resolve order</code></em> parameter for details on changing
this resolving mechanism. </p><p>The username whose password is changed is that of the
current UNIX logged on user. See the <em class="parameter"><code>-U username</code></em>
parameter for details on changing the password for a different
username. </p><p>Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the
remote machine specified must be the Primary Domain Controller for
the domain (Backup Domain Controllers only have a read-only
copy of the user account database and will not allow the password
change).</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that Windows 95/98 do not have
a real password database so it is not possible to change passwords
specifying a Win95/98 machine as remote machine target. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-R name resolve order</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine
what name resolution services to use when looking up the NetBIOS
name of the host being connected to. </p><p>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They
cause names to be resolved as follows: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p><code class="constant">lmhosts</code>: Lookup an IP
address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has
no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <a class="citerefentry" href="lmhosts.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">lmhosts</span>(5)</span></a> for details) then
any name type matches for lookup.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="constant">host</code>: Do a standard host
name to IP address resolution, using the system <code class="filename">/etc/hosts
</code>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution
is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this
may be controlled by the <code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code>
file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name
type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise
it is ignored.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="constant">wins</code>: Query a name with
the IP address listed in the <em class="parameter"><code>wins server</code></em>
parameter. If no WINS server has been specified this method
will be ignored.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><code class="constant">bcast</code>: Do a broadcast on
each of the known local interfaces listed in the
<em class="parameter"><code>interfaces</code></em> parameter. This is the least
reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the
target host being on a locally connected subnet.</p></li></ul></div><p>The default order is <code class="literal">lmhosts, host, wins, bcast</code>
and without this parameter or any entry in the <a class="citerefentry" href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> file the name resolution methods will
be attempted in this order. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells smbpasswd that the account
being changed is a MACHINE account. Currently this is used
when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.</p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U username</span></dt><dd><p>This option may only be used in conjunction
with the <em class="parameter"><code>-r</code></em> option. When changing
a password on a remote machine it allows the user to specify
the user name on that machine whose password will be changed. It
is present to allow users who have different user names on
different systems to change these passwords. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt><dd><p>This option prints the help string for <code class="literal">
smbpasswd</code>, selecting the correct one for running as root
or as an ordinary user. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt><dd><p>This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e.
not issue prompts) and to read its old and new passwords from
standard input, rather than from <code class="filename">/dev/tty</code>
(like the <code class="literal">passwd(1)</code> program does). This option
is to aid people writing scripts to drive smbpasswd</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-w password</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only available if Samba
has been compiled with LDAP support. The <em class="parameter"><code>-w</code></em>
switch is used to specify the password to be used with the
<a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPADMINDN" target="_top">ldap admin dn</a>. Note that the password is stored in
the <code class="filename">secrets.tdb</code> and is keyed off
of the admin's DN. This means that if the value of <em class="parameter"><code>ldap
admin dn</code></em> ever changes, the password will need to be
manually updated as well.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-W</span></dt><dd><p><code class="literal">NOTE: </code> This option is same as "-w"
except that the password should be entered using stdin.
</p><p>This parameter is only available if Samba
has been compiled with LDAP support. The <em class="parameter"><code>-W</code></em>
switch is used to specify the password to be used with the
<a class="link" href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPADMINDN" target="_top">ldap admin dn</a>. Note that the password is stored in
the <code class="filename">secrets.tdb</code> and is keyed off
of the admin's DN. This means that if the value of <em class="parameter"><code>ldap
admin dn</code></em> ever changes, the password will need to be
manually updated as well.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells smbpasswd that the account
being changed is an interdomain trust account. Currently this is used
when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.
The account contains the info about another trusted domain.</p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-L</span></dt><dd><p>Run in local mode.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">username</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies the username for all of the
<span class="emphasis"><em>root only</em></span> options to operate on. Only root
can specify this parameter as only root has the permission needed
to modify attributes directly in the local smbpasswd file.
</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" title="NOTES"><a name="id307547"></a><h2>NOTES</h2><p>Since <code class="literal">smbpasswd</code> works in client-server
mode communicating with a local smbd for a non-root user then
the smbd daemon must be running for this to work. A common problem
is to add a restriction to the hosts that may access the <code class="literal">
smbd</code> running on the local machine by specifying either <em class="parameter"><code>allow
hosts</code></em> or <em class="parameter"><code>deny hosts</code></em> entry in
the <a class="citerefentry" href="smb.conf.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smb.conf</span>(5)</span></a> file and neglecting to
allow "localhost" access to the smbd. </p><p>In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba
has been set up to use encrypted passwords. </p></div><div class="refsect1" title="VERSION"><a name="id307592"></a><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" title="SEE ALSO"><a name="id307602"></a><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a class="citerefentry" href="smbpasswd.5.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">smbpasswd</span>(5)</span></a>, <a class="citerefentry" href="Samba.7.html"><span class="citerefentry"><span class="refentrytitle">Samba</span>(7)</span></a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" title="AUTHOR"><a name="id307625"></a><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities
were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer.
The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another
excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a class="ulink" href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top">
ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0
release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2
for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html>
|
