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[section:rayleigh Rayleigh Distribution]
``#include <boost/math/distributions/rayleigh.hpp>``
namespace boost{ namespace math{
template <class RealType = double,
class ``__Policy`` = ``__policy_class`` >
class rayleigh_distribution;
typedef rayleigh_distribution<> rayleigh;
template <class RealType, class ``__Policy``>
class rayleigh_distribution
{
public:
typedef RealType value_type;
typedef Policy policy_type;
// Construct:
BOOST_MATH_GPU_ENABLED rayleigh_distribution(RealType sigma = 1)
// Accessors:
BOOST_MATH_GPU_ENABLED RealType sigma()const;
};
}} // namespaces
The [@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_distribution Rayleigh distribution]
is a continuous distribution with the
[@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_density_function probability density function]:
[expression f(x; sigma) = x * exp(-x[super 2]/2 [sigma][super 2]) / [sigma][super 2]]
For sigma parameter ['[sigma]] > 0, and /x/ > 0.
The Rayleigh distribution is often used where two orthogonal components
have an absolute value,
for example, wind velocity and direction may be combined to yield a wind speed,
or real and imaginary components may have absolute values that are Rayleigh distributed.
The following graph illustrates how the Probability density Function(pdf) varies with the shape parameter [sigma]:
[graph rayleigh_pdf]
and the Cumulative Distribution Function (cdf)
[graph rayleigh_cdf]
[h4 Related distributions]
The absolute value of two independent normal distributions X and Y, [radic] (X[super 2] + Y[super 2])
is a Rayleigh distribution.
The [@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi_distribution Chi],
[@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_distribution Rice]
and [@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weibull_distribution Weibull] distributions are generalizations of the
[@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_distribution Rayleigh distribution].
[h4 Member Functions]
BOOST_MATH_GPU_ENABLED rayleigh_distribution(RealType sigma = 1);
Constructs a [@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_distribution
Rayleigh distribution] with [sigma] /sigma/.
Requires that the [sigma] parameter is greater than zero,
otherwise calls __domain_error.
BOOST_MATH_GPU_ENABLED RealType sigma()const;
Returns the /sigma/ parameter of this distribution.
[h4 Non-member Accessors]
All the [link math_toolkit.dist_ref.nmp usual non-member accessor functions] that are generic to all
distributions are supported: __usual_accessors.
For this distribution all non-member accessor functions are marked with `BOOST_MATH_GPU_ENABLED` and can
be run on both host and device.
The domain of the random variable is \[0, max_value\].
In this distribution the implementation of both `logcdf`, and `logpdf` are specialized
to improve numerical accuracy.
[h4 Accuracy]
The Rayleigh distribution is implemented in terms of the
standard library `sqrt` and `exp` and as such should have very low error rates.
Some constants such as skewness and kurtosis were calculated using
NTL RR type with 150-bit accuracy, about 50 decimal digits.
[h4 Implementation]
In the following table [sigma] is the sigma parameter of the distribution,
/x/ is the random variate, /p/ is the probability and /q = 1-p/.
[table
[[Function][Implementation Notes]]
[[pdf][Using the relation: pdf = x * exp(-x[super 2])/2 [sigma][super 2] ]]
[[logpdf][log(pdf) = -(x[super 2])/(2*[sigma][super 2]) - 2*log([sigma]) + log(x) ]]
[[cdf][Using the relation: p = 1 - exp(-x[super 2]/2) [sigma][super 2]= -__expm1(-x[super 2]/2) [sigma][super 2]]]
[[logcdf][log(cdf) = log1p(-exp(-x[super 2] / (2*[sigma][super 2]))) ]]
[[cdf complement][Using the relation: q = exp(-x[super 2]/ 2) * [sigma][super 2] ]]
[[quantile][Using the relation: x = sqrt(-2 * [sigma] [super 2]) * log(1 - p)) = sqrt(-2 * [sigma] [super 2]) * __log1p(-p))]]
[[quantile from the complement][Using the relation: x = sqrt(-2 * [sigma] [super 2]) * log(q)) ]]
[[mean][[sigma] * sqrt([pi]/2) ]]
[[variance][[sigma][super 2] * (4 - [pi]/2) ]]
[[mode][[sigma] ]]
[[skewness][Constant from [@http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RayleighDistribution.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Weibull Distribution." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.] ]]
[[kurtosis][Constant from [@http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RayleighDistribution.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Weibull Distribution." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.] ]]
[[kurtosis excess][Constant from [@http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RayleighDistribution.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Weibull Distribution." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.] ]]
]
[h4 References]
* [@http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_distribution ]
* [@http://mathworld.wolfram.com/RayleighDistribution.html Weisstein, Eric W. "Rayleigh Distribution." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.]
[endsect] [/section:Rayleigh Rayleigh]
[/
Copyright 2006 John Maddock and Paul A. Bristow.
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
]
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