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Serpent serialization library (Python/.NET/Java)
================================================
[](https://saythanks.io/to/irmen)
[](https://travis-ci.org/irmen/Serpent)
[](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Serpent/)
[](http://search.maven.org/#search|ga|1|g%3A%22net.razorvine%22%20AND%20a%3A%22serpent%22)
[](https://www.nuget.org/packages/Razorvine.Serpent/)
[](https://anaconda.org/conda-forge/serpent)
Serpent provides ast.literal_eval() compatible object tree serialization.
It serializes an object tree into bytes (utf-8 encoded string) that can be decoded and then
passed as-is to ast.literal_eval() to rebuild it as the original object tree.
As such it is safe to send serpent data to other machines over the network for instance
(because only 'safe' literals are encoded).
More info on Pypi: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/serpent
Source code is on Github: https://github.com/irmen/Serpent
Copyright by Irmen de Jong (irmen@razorvine.net)
This software is released under the MIT software license.
This license, including disclaimer, is available in the 'LICENSE' file.
PYTHON
------
Package can be found on Pypi as 'serpent': https://pypi.python.org/pypi/serpent
Example usage can be found in ./tests/example.py
C#/.NET
-------
Package is available on www.nuget.org as 'Razorvine.Serpent'.
Full source code can be found in ./dotnet/ directory.
Example usage can be found in ./dotnet/Serpent.Test/Example.cs
The project is a dotnet core project targeting NetStandard 2.0.
JAVA
----
Maven-artefact is available on maven central, groupid 'net.razorvine' artifactid 'serpent'.
Full source code can be found in ./java/ directory.
Example usage can be found in ./java/test/SerpentExample.java
Versions before 1.23 require Java 7 or Java 8 (JDK 1.7 or 1.8) to compile and run.
Version 1.23 and later require Java 8 (JDK 1.8) at a minimum to compile and run.
SOME MORE DETAILS
-----------------
Compatible with Python 2.7+ (including 3.x), IronPython 2.7+, Jython 2.7+.
Serpent handles several special Python types to make life easier:
- str --> promoted to unicode (see below why this is)
- bytes, bytearrays, memoryview, buffer --> string, base-64
(you'll have to manually un-base64 them though. Can use serpent.tobytes function)
- uuid.UUID, datetime.{datetime, date, time, timespan} --> appropriate string/number
- decimal.Decimal --> string (to not lose precision)
- array.array typecode 'c'/'u' --> string/unicode
- array.array other typecode --> list
- Exception --> dict with some fields of the exception (message, args)
- collections module types --> mostly equivalent primitive types or dict
- enums --> the value of the enum (Python 3.4+ or enum34 library)
- all other types --> dict with the ``__getstate__`` or ``vars()`` of the object
Notes:
All str will be promoted to unicode. This is done because it is the
default anyway for Python 3.x, and it solves the problem of the str/unicode
difference between different Python versions. Also it means the serialized
output doesn't have those problematic 'u' prefixes on strings.
The serializer is not thread-safe. Make sure you're not making changes
to the object tree that is being serialized, and don't use the same
serializer in different threads.
Because the serialized format is just valid Python source code, it can
contain comments. Serpent does not add comments by itself apart from the
single header line.
Set literals are not supported on python <3.2 (``ast.literal_eval``
limitation). If you need Python < 3.2 compatibility, you'll have to use
``set_literals=False`` when serializing. Since version 1.6 serpent chooses
this wisely for you by default, but you can still override it if needed.
Floats +inf and -inf are handled via a trick, Float 'nan' cannot be handled
and is represented by the special value: ``{'__class__':'float','value':'nan'}``
We chose not to encode it as just the string 'NaN' because that could cause
memory issues when used in multiplications.
Jython's ast module cannot properly parse some literal reprs of unicode strings.
This is a known bug http://bugs.jython.org/issue2008
It seems to work when your server is Python 2.x but safest is perhaps to make
sure your data to parse contains only ascii strings when dealing with Jython.
Serpent checks for possible problems and will raise an error if it finds one,
rather than continuing with string data that might be incorrect.
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