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#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <linux/major.h>
typedef unsigned char u_char; /* horrible, for scsi.h */
#include "sg_include.h"
#include "sg_err.h"
#include "llseek.h"
/* A utility program for the Linux OS SCSI generic ("sg") device driver.
* Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 D. Gilbert
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
* any later version.
This program reads data from the given SCSI device (typically a disk
or cdrom) and discards that data. Its primary goal is to time
multiple reads all from the same logical address. Its interface
is a subset of another member of this package: sg_dd which is a
"dd" variant. The input file can be a scsi generic device, a raw device
or a seekable file. Streams such as stdin are not acceptable.
The block size ('bs') is assumed to be 512 if not given.
Various arguments can take a multiplier suffix:
'c','C' *1 'b','B' *512 'k' *1024 'K' *1000
'm' *(1024^2) 'M' *(1000^2) 'g' *(1024^3) 'G' *(1000^3)
The "bpt" (blocks per transfer) argument controls the maximum number
of blocks in each transfer. The default value is 128.
For example if "bs=512" and "bpt=32" then a maximum of 32 blocks (16KB
in this case) is read from the sg device in a single SCSI command.
This version should compile with Linux sg drivers with version numbers
>= 20000 .
*/
static const char * version_str = "0.53 20020226";
#define ME "sg_read: "
#define DEF_BLOCK_SIZE 512
#define DEF_BLOCKS_PER_TRANSFER 128
/* #define SG_DEBUG */
#define SG_HEAD_SZ sizeof(struct sg_header)
#define SCSI_CMD10_LEN 10
#define DEF_TIMEOUT 40000 /* 40,000 millisecs == 40 seconds */
#ifndef RAW_MAJOR
#define RAW_MAJOR 255 /*unlikey value */
#endif
#define FT_OTHER 0 /* filetype other than sg or raw device */
#define FT_SG 1 /* filetype is sg char device */
#define FT_RAW 2 /* filetype is raw char device */
#define STR_SZ 1024
#define INF_SZ 512
#define EBUFF_SZ 512
static int dd_count = -1;
static int in_full = 0;
static int in_partial = 0;
static int pack_id_count = 0;
static unsigned char rdCmdBlk[SCSI_CMD10_LEN] =
{0x28, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
static void install_handler (int sig_num, void (*sig_handler) (int sig))
{
struct sigaction sigact;
sigaction (sig_num, NULL, &sigact);
if (sigact.sa_handler != SIG_IGN)
{
sigact.sa_handler = sig_handler;
sigemptyset (&sigact.sa_mask);
sigact.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction (sig_num, &sigact, NULL);
}
}
void print_stats(int iters)
{
if (0 != dd_count)
fprintf(stderr, " remaining block count=%d\n", dd_count);
fprintf(stderr, "%d+%d records in", in_full - in_partial, in_partial);
if (iters > 0)
fprintf(stderr, ", SCSI commands issued: %d\n", iters);
else
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
static void interrupt_handler(int sig)
{
struct sigaction sigact;
sigact.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
sigemptyset (&sigact.sa_mask);
sigact.sa_flags = 0;
sigaction (sig, &sigact, NULL);
fprintf(stderr, "Interrupted by signal,");
print_stats(0);
kill (getpid (), sig);
}
static void siginfo_handler(int sig)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Progress report, continuing ...\n");
print_stats(0);
}
int dd_filetype(const char * filename)
{
struct stat st;
if (stat(filename, &st) < 0)
return FT_OTHER;
if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
if (RAW_MAJOR == major(st.st_rdev))
return FT_RAW;
else if (SCSI_GENERIC_MAJOR == major(st.st_rdev))
return FT_SG;
}
return FT_OTHER;
}
void usage()
{
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: "
"sg_read if=<infile> [skip=<num>] [bs=<num>] [bpt=<num>] "
"count=<num>\n"
" [time=<num>]\n"
" 'if' is an sg or raw device, or a seekable file (not stdin)\n"
" 'bs' must match sector size (when 'if' is sg device) "
"(def=512)\n"
" 'skip' each transfer starts at this logical address (def=0)\n"
" 'count' total bytes read will be 'bs'*'count' (if no error)\n"
" 'bpt' is blocks_per_transfer (default is 128, or 64KB for "
"def 'bs')\n"
" 'time' 0->do nothing(def), 1->time from 1st cmd, 2->time "
"from 2nd cmd\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\nVersion: %s\n", version_str);
}
/* -1 -> unrecoverable error, 0 -> successful, 1 -> recoverable (ENOMEM),
2 -> try again */
int sg_bread(int sg_fd, unsigned char * buff, int blocks, int from_block,
int bs)
{
int inLen = SG_HEAD_SZ + SCSI_CMD10_LEN;
int outLen, res;
unsigned char * rdCmd = buff + SG_HEAD_SZ;
struct sg_header * isghp = (struct sg_header *)buff;
struct sg_header * osghp = (struct sg_header *)(buff + SCSI_CMD10_LEN);
outLen = SG_HEAD_SZ + (bs * blocks);
isghp->pack_len = 0; /* don't care */
isghp->pack_id = pack_id_count++;
isghp->reply_len = outLen;
isghp->twelve_byte = 0;
isghp->result = 0;
#ifndef SG_GET_RESERVED_SIZE
isghp->sense_buffer[0] = 0;
#endif
memcpy(rdCmd, rdCmdBlk, SCSI_CMD10_LEN);
rdCmd[2] = (unsigned char)((from_block >> 24) & 0xFF);
rdCmd[3] = (unsigned char)((from_block >> 16) & 0xFF);
rdCmd[4] = (unsigned char)((from_block >> 8) & 0xFF);
rdCmd[5] = (unsigned char)(from_block & 0xFF);
rdCmd[7] = (unsigned char)((blocks >> 8) & 0xff);
rdCmd[8] = (unsigned char)(blocks & 0xff);
while (((res = write(sg_fd, buff, inLen)) < 0) && (EINTR == errno))
;
if (res < 0) {
if (ENOMEM == errno)
return 1;
perror("reading (wr) on sg device, error");
return -1;
}
if (res < inLen) {
fprintf(stderr, "reading (wr) on sg device, problems, "
"ask=%d, got=%d\n", inLen, res);
return -1;
}
while (((res = read(sg_fd, buff + SCSI_CMD10_LEN, outLen)) < 0) &&
(EINTR == errno))
;
if (res < 0) {
perror("reading (rd) on sg device, error");
return -1;
}
if (res < outLen)
{
fprintf(stderr, "reading (rd) on sg device, problems, "
"ask=%d, got=%d\n", outLen, res);
return -1;
}
#ifdef SG_GET_RESERVED_SIZE
res = sg_err_category(osghp->target_status, osghp->host_status,
osghp->driver_status, osghp->sense_buffer,
SG_MAX_SENSE);
switch (res) {
case SG_ERR_CAT_CLEAN:
break;
case SG_ERR_CAT_RECOVERED:
fprintf(stderr, "Recovered error while reading block=%d, num=%d\n",
from_block, blocks);
break;
case SG_ERR_CAT_MEDIA_CHANGED:
return 2;
default:
sg_chk_n_print("reading", osghp->target_status,
osghp->host_status, osghp->driver_status,
osghp->sense_buffer, SG_MAX_SENSE);
return -1;
}
#else
if ((osghp->result != 0) || (0 != osghp->sense_buffer[0])) {
fprintf(stderr, "reading result=%d\n", osghp->result);
if (0 != osghp->sense_buffer[0])
sg_print_sense("after read(rd)", osghp->sense_buffer, SG_MAX_SENSE);
return -1;
}
#endif
return 0;
}
int get_num(char * buf)
{
int res, num;
char c;
res = sscanf(buf, "%d%c", &num, &c);
if (0 == res)
return -1;
else if (1 == res)
return num;
else {
switch (c) {
case 'c':
case 'C':
return num;
case 'b':
case 'B':
return num * 512;
case 'k':
return num * 1024;
case 'K':
return num * 1000;
case 'm':
return num * 1024 * 1024;
case 'M':
return num * 1000000;
case 'g':
return num * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
case 'G':
return num * 1000000000;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized multiplier\n");
return -1;
}
}
}
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
int skip = 0;
int bs = 0;
int bpt = DEF_BLOCKS_PER_TRANSFER;
char str[STR_SZ];
char * key;
char * buf;
char inf[INF_SZ];
int in_type = FT_OTHER;
int do_time = 0;
int res, k, t, buf_sz, iters, orig_count;
int infd, blocks;
unsigned char * wrkBuff = NULL;
unsigned char * wrkPos;
char ebuff[EBUFF_SZ];
int blocks_per;
struct timeval start_tm, end_tm;
size_t psz = getpagesize();
inf[0] = '\0';
if (argc < 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "'if' and 'count' arguments must be given\n");
usage();
return 1;
}
for(k = 1; k < argc; k++) {
if (argv[k]) {
strncpy(str, argv[k], STR_SZ);
str[STR_SZ - 1] = '\0';
}
else
continue;
for(key = str, buf = key; *buf && *buf != '=';)
buf++;
if (*buf)
*buf++ = '\0';
if (strcmp(key,"if") == 0)
strncpy(inf, buf, INF_SZ);
else if (0 == strcmp(key,"bs"))
bs = get_num(buf);
else if (0 == strcmp(key,"bpt"))
bpt = get_num(buf);
else if (0 == strcmp(key,"skip"))
skip = get_num(buf);
else if (0 == strcmp(key,"count"))
dd_count = get_num(buf);
else if (0 == strcmp(key,"time"))
do_time = get_num(buf);
else {
fprintf(stderr, "Unrecognized argument '%s'\n", key);
usage();
return 1;
}
}
if (bs <= 0) {
bs = DEF_BLOCK_SIZE;
fprintf(stderr, "Assume default 'bs' (block size) of %d bytes\n", bs);
}
if (dd_count < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "'count' must be given\n");
usage();
return 1;
}
if (skip < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "skip cannot be negative\n");
return 1;
}
#ifdef SG_DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, ME "if=%s skip=%d count=%d\n", inf, skip, dd_count);
#endif
install_handler (SIGINT, interrupt_handler);
install_handler (SIGQUIT, interrupt_handler);
install_handler (SIGPIPE, interrupt_handler);
install_handler (SIGUSR1, siginfo_handler);
if (! inf[0]) {
fprintf(stderr, "must provide 'if=<filename>'\n");
usage();
return 1;
}
in_type = dd_filetype(inf);
if (FT_SG == in_type) {
if ((infd = open(inf, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
snprintf(ebuff, EBUFF_SZ, ME "could not open %s for sg reading",
inf);
perror(ebuff);
return 1;
}
t = bs * bpt;
res = ioctl(infd, SG_SET_RESERVED_SIZE, &t);
if (res < 0) {
perror(ME "SG_SET_RESERVED_SIZE error");
return 1;
}
}
else {
if ((infd = open(inf, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
snprintf(ebuff, EBUFF_SZ, ME "could not open %s for reading", inf);
perror(ebuff);
return 1;
}
else if (skip > 0) {
llse_loff_t offset = skip;
offset *= bs; /* could exceed 32 bits here! */
if (llse_llseek(infd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
snprintf(ebuff, EBUFF_SZ, ME "couldn't skip to required "
"position on %s", inf);
perror(ebuff);
return 1;
}
}
}
if (0 == dd_count)
return 0;
orig_count = dd_count;
if (FT_RAW == in_type) {
wrkBuff = malloc(bs * bpt + psz);
if (0 == wrkBuff) {
fprintf(stderr, "Not enough user memory for raw\n");
return 1;
}
wrkPos = (unsigned char *)(((unsigned long)wrkBuff + psz - 1) &
(~(psz - 1)));
}
else {
wrkBuff = malloc(bs * bpt);
if (0 == wrkBuff) {
fprintf(stderr, "Not enough user memory\n");
return 1;
}
wrkPos = wrkBuff;
}
blocks_per = bpt;
#ifdef SG_DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "Start of loop, count=%d, blocks_per=%d\n",
dd_count, blocks_per);
#endif
start_tm.tv_sec = 0; /* just in case start set condition not met */
start_tm.tv_usec = 0;
/* main loop */
for (iters = 0; dd_count > 0; ++iters) {
if ((do_time > 0) && (iters == (do_time - 1)))
gettimeofday(&start_tm, NULL);
blocks = (dd_count > blocks_per) ? blocks_per : dd_count;
if (FT_SG == in_type) {
res = sg_bread(infd, wrkPos, blocks, skip, bs);
if (1 == res) { /* ENOMEM, find what's available+try that */
if (ioctl(infd, SG_GET_RESERVED_SIZE, &buf_sz) < 0) {
perror("RESERVED_SIZE ioctls failed");
break;
}
blocks_per = (buf_sz + bs - 1) / bs;
blocks = blocks_per;
fprintf(stderr,
"Reducing read to %d blocks per loop\n", blocks_per);
res = sg_bread(infd, wrkPos, blocks, skip, bs);
}
else if (2 == res) {
fprintf(stderr,
"Unit attention, media changed, continuing (r)\n");
res = sg_bread(infd, wrkPos, blocks, skip, bs);
}
if (0 != res) {
fprintf(stderr, ME "failed, skip=%d\n", skip);
break;
}
else {
in_full += blocks;
}
}
else {
if (iters > 0) { /* subsequent iteration reset skip position */
llse_loff_t offset = skip;
offset *= bs; /* could exceed 32 bits here! */
if (llse_llseek(infd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
perror(ME "could not reset skip position");
break;
}
}
while (((res = read(infd, wrkPos, blocks * bs)) < 0) &&
(EINTR == errno))
;
if (res < 0) {
snprintf(ebuff, EBUFF_SZ, ME "reading, skip=%d ", skip);
perror(ebuff);
break;
}
else if (res < blocks * bs) {
fprintf(stderr, ME "short read: wanted/got=%d/%d bytes"
", stop\n", blocks * bs, res);
blocks = res / bs;
if ((res % bs) > 0) {
blocks++;
in_partial++;
}
dd_count -= blocks;
in_full += blocks;
break;
}
in_full += blocks;
}
if (dd_count > 0)
dd_count -= blocks;
}
if (do_time > 0) {
gettimeofday(&end_tm, NULL);
if (start_tm.tv_sec || start_tm.tv_usec) {
struct timeval res_tm;
double a, b, c;
res_tm.tv_sec = end_tm.tv_sec - start_tm.tv_sec;
res_tm.tv_usec = end_tm.tv_usec - start_tm.tv_usec;
if (res_tm.tv_usec < 0) {
--res_tm.tv_sec;
res_tm.tv_usec += 1000000;
}
a = res_tm.tv_sec;
a += (0.000001 * res_tm.tv_usec);
b = (double)bs * (orig_count - dd_count);
if (do_time > 1)
c = b - ((double)bs * ((do_time - 1.0) * bpt));
else
c = 0.0;
if (1 == do_time) {
fprintf(stderr, "time for all (SCSI) commands was "
"%d.%06d secs", (int)res_tm.tv_sec, (int)res_tm.tv_usec);
if ((a > 0.00001) && (b > 511))
fprintf(stderr, ", %.2f MB/sec\n", b / (a * 1000000.0));
else
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
else if (2 == do_time) {
fprintf(stderr, "time from second (SCSI) command to end "
"was %d.%06d secs", (int)res_tm.tv_sec,
(int)res_tm.tv_usec);
if ((a > 0.00001) && (c > 511))
fprintf(stderr, ", %.2f MB/sec\n", c / (a * 1000000.0));
else
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
else {
fprintf(stderr, "time from start of (SCSI) command "
"#%d to end was %d.%06d secs", do_time,
(int)res_tm.tv_sec, (int)res_tm.tv_usec);
if ((a > 0.00001) && (c > 511))
fprintf(stderr, ", %.2f MB/sec\n", c / (a * 1000000.0));
else
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
}
}
if (wrkBuff)
free(wrkBuff);
close(infd);
res = 0;
if (0 != dd_count) {
fprintf(stderr, "Some error occurred,");
res = 2;
}
if (FT_SG == in_type)
print_stats(iters);
else
print_stats(0);
return res;
}
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