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|
.TH SINCE 1 "JULY 1998" Linux "User Manuals"
.SH NAME
since \- display content of a file since the last time
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B since [-aefhlmnqvxz] [-d
.IB seconds ]
.B [-s
.IB file ]
.I files
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B since
is a utility designed to monitor log files.
.B since
is similar to
.BR tail (2)
as it also displays information appended to a file.
However
.B since
only displays the data which has been added
.I since
the last time
.B since
was run. If
.B since
is run on a particular file for the first time,
then the entire file is displayed.
.SH EXAMPLE
.B since /var/log/apache/{access,error}_log > /dev/null
.br
.B lynx --dump http://localhost/ > /dev/null
.br
.B since /var/log/apache/{access,error}_log
.SH OPTIONS
.IP -a
Make updates to the since state files atomic. This option
configures
.B since
to use a temporary file and a
.BR rename (2)
instead of updating the state file in situ.
.IP "-d seconds"
Specify the number of integer seconds to wait between
polling files for changes. This option is only relevant
in conjunction with the
.B -f
option and if the inotify mechanism is not being used.
.IP -e
Print the header lines to standard error instead of
standard output.
.IP -f
Follow the specified files. This option is analogous to
.B "tail -f"
as the files are also polled for changes until the
process is interrupted.
.IP -h
Print a terse help message.
.IP -l
Relaxed mode. If some data files are inaccessible
.B since
will not fail completely.
.IP -m
Disable
.BR mmap (2),
use
.BR read (2)
instead to access state and data files.
Note that for certain smaller io operations
.BR read (2)
may be used even if this option has not been given.
.IP -n
Do not update the
.I .since
file which keeps track of file growth.
.IP -q
Make the utility operate more quietly.
.IP "-s filename"
Specify the state file explicitly. Using this option
will also disable the use of fallback state files.
.IP -v
Increase the verbosity. This option can be given
multiple times.
.IP -x
Ignore file arguments which have compressed extensions.
.IP -z
Discard output. Similar to redirecting the
output to
.IR /dev/null ,
but faster. If used in conjunction with
the
.B -f
option, only the initial output will be discarded.
.SH FILES
.I .since
.RS
State file recording the length of the previously displayed files.
The location of the file can be set on the command line
using the
.B -s
option. If this option is not given,
.B since
will check the
.B SINCE
environment variable for the location of
the state file. If the
.B SINCE
environment variable has not been set
.B since
will use the
.B HOME
environment variable and store the information in the file
.IR $HOME/.since .
If the
.B HOME
variable is not set,
.B since
will use a
.BR getpwuid (3)
lookup. If all these fail
will use the file
.IR /tmp/since .
.RE
.SH BUGS
.B since
uses the inode of a file as its key, if that inode is recycled
.B since
will get confused.
.B since
is not particularly efficient when storing or looking up the
.BR stat (2)
information. Functionality equivalent to
.B since
can probably be achieved with a number of trivial
shell scripts.
.SH "COPYING"
.B since
may only be used, distributed and modified in accordance with
the terms of the
.B GPL (GNU General Public License)
version
.B 3 or newer
as published by the
.B FSF (Free Software Foundation).
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.BR tail (1),
.BR stat (2).
|
