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socket
SYNOPSIS
Create a communications socket
USAGE
FD_Type socket (domain, type, protocol)
DESCRIPTION
The `socket' function creates a communications socket of the
specified domain, type, and protocol. Currently supported domains
include `PF_UNIX' and `PF_INET'. The various socket types
may be specified by the symbolic constants
SOCK_STREAM
SOCK_DGRAM
SOCK_SEQPACKET
SOCK_RAW
SOCK_RDM
The `protocol' parameter specifies the protocol to be used.
Normally only one protocol is support for a particular domain. For
such cases, 0 should be passed for the `protocol' parameter.
If successful, the `socket' function will return a
file-descriptor that may be used with the `read' and
`write' function, or passed to other socket related functions.
Upon error, a `SocketError' exception will be thrown and
`errno' set accordingly.
When finished with the socket, it should be passed to the
`close' function.
EXAMPLE
The following example illustrates the creation of a socket for use
in the internet domain:
try {
s = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
}
catch SocketError: {
() = fprintf (stderr, "socket failed: %s", errno_string(errno));
exit (1);
}
SEE ALSO
accept, bind, connect, listen, setsockopt, getsockopt
--------------------------------------------------------------
connect
SYNOPSIS
Make a connection to a socket
USAGE
connect (FD_Type s, address-args)
DESCRIPTION
The `connect' function may be used to connect a socket `s'
to the address specified by the address-arguments. The type and
number of the address arguments must be consistent with the domain
of the socket. For example, if the socket is in the Unix domain
(PF_UNIX), then a single string giving a filename must be passed as
the address-argument. Sockets in the internet domain (PF_INET) take two
address arguments: a hostname and a port.
Upon failure, the function may throw a `SocketError' exception and set
`errno', or throw a `SocketHError' and set `h_error'.
It should be noted that `SocketHError' is a subclass of
`SocketError'.
EXAMPLE
The following example creates an internet domain socket and connects
it to port 32100 of a specified host:
try {
s = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
connect (s, "some.host.com", 32100);
}
catch SocketHError: {...}
catch SocketError: {...}
SEE ALSO
accept, bind, listen, socket, setsockopt, getsockopt
--------------------------------------------------------------
bind
SYNOPSIS
Bind a local address-name to a socket
USAGE
bind (FD_Type s, address-args)
DESCRIPTION
The `bind' function may be used to assign a name to a specified
socket. The address-args parameters specify the name in a
domain-specific manner. For Unix domain sockets, the address is the
name of a file. For sockets in the internet domain, the address is
given by a hostname and port number.
Upon failure, the function will throw a `SocketError' or
`SocketHError' exception.
EXAMPLE
The following example creates a `PF_UNIX' domain socket and
binds it to `"/tmp/mysock"':
s = socket (PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bind (s, "/tmp/mysock");
The next example creates a `PF_INET' domain socket and binds it
to port 32000 of the local host `my.host.com':
s = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
bind (s, "my.host.com", 32000);
SEE ALSO
accept, connect, listen, socket, setsockopt, getsockopt
--------------------------------------------------------------
accept
SYNOPSIS
Accept a connection on a socket
USAGE
FD_Type accept (FD_Type s [,&address-args...]
DESCRIPTION
The `accept' function accepts a connection on the specified
socket and returns a new socket that may be used to communicate with
the remote end. It can optionally return the address of the remote
end through reference arguments.
Upon error, `accept' will throw a `SocketError' exception.
EXAMPLE
The following example accepts a remote connection on `PF_INET'
socket and returns the hostname and port used by the connected party:
s1 = accept (s, &hostip, &port);
vmessage ("Accepted connection from %s on port %d", hostip, port);
SEE ALSO
bind, connect, listen, socket, setsockopt, getsockopt
--------------------------------------------------------------
listen
SYNOPSIS
Listen for connections on a socket
USAGE
listen (FD_Type s, Int_Type max_pending)
DESCRIPTION
The `listen' function may be used to wait for a connection to a
socket `s'. The second argument specified the maximum number
of pending connections to allow before refusing more. Upon error, a
`SocketError' exception will be thrown.
SEE ALSO
accept, bind, connect, socket, setsockopt, getsockopt
SEE ALSO
--------------------------------------------------------------
getsockopt
SYNOPSIS
Get a socket option
USAGE
option = getsockopt (FD_Type s, Int_Type level, Int_Type optname)
DESCRIPTION
The `getsockopt' function returns the value of the option
specified by the integer `optname' residing at the specified
level. The actual object returned depends upon the option
requested. Upon error, a `SocketError' exception will be
generated.
EXAMPLE
The following example returns the SO_LINGER option of a socket. In
this case, the value returned will be a structure:
s = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
linger = getsockopt (s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER);
SEE ALSO
accept, bind, connect, listen, socket, getsockopt
--------------------------------------------------------------
setsockopt
SYNOPSIS
Set an option on a socket
USAGE
setsockopt (FD_Type s, Int_Type level, Int_Type optname, value)
DESCRIPTION
The `setsockopt' function sets the value of the option
specified by the integer `optname' residing at the specified
level. The value of the last parameter will vary with the option to
be set. Upon error, a `SocketError' exception will be
generated.
EXAMPLE
The following example sets the SO_LINGER option of a socket. In
this case, the value is a structure:
s = socket (PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
linger = struct { l_onoff, l_linger };
linger.l_onoff = 1; linger.l_linger = 10;
setsockopt (s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, linger);
SEE ALSO
accept, bind, connect, listen, socket, getsockopt
--------------------------------------------------------------
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