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// -*- Mode: Go; indent-tabs-mode: t -*-
/*
* Copyright (C) 2024 Canonical Ltd
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3 as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*
*/
package prompting
import (
"fmt"
"sort"
"time"
prompting_errors "github.com/snapcore/snapd/interfaces/prompting/errors"
"github.com/snapcore/snapd/interfaces/prompting/patterns"
"github.com/snapcore/snapd/logger"
"github.com/snapcore/snapd/sandbox/apparmor/notify"
"github.com/snapcore/snapd/strutil"
)
// Constraints hold information about the applicability of a new rule to
// particular paths and permissions. When creating a new rule, snapd converts
// Constraints to RuleConstraints.
type Constraints struct {
PathPattern *patterns.PathPattern `json:"path-pattern"`
Permissions PermissionMap `json:"permissions"`
}
// Match returns true if the constraints match the given path, otherwise false.
//
// If the constraints or path are invalid, returns an error.
//
// This method is only intended to be called on constraints which have just
// been created from a reply, to check that the reply covers the request.
func (c *Constraints) Match(path string) (bool, error) {
if c.PathPattern == nil {
return false, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError("", "no path pattern")
}
match, err := c.PathPattern.Match(path)
if err != nil {
// Error should not occur, since it was parsed internally
return false, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError(c.PathPattern.String(), err.Error())
}
return match, nil
}
// ContainPermissions returns true if the permission map in the constraints
// includes every one of the given permissions.
//
// This method is only intended to be called on constraints which have just
// been created from a reply, to check that the reply covers the request.
func (c *Constraints) ContainPermissions(permissions []string) bool {
for _, perm := range permissions {
if _, exists := c.Permissions[perm]; !exists {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// ToRuleConstraints validates the receiving Constraints and converts it to
// RuleConstraints. If the constraints are not valid with respect to the given
// interface, returns an error.
func (c *Constraints) ToRuleConstraints(iface string, at At) (*RuleConstraints, error) {
if c.PathPattern == nil {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError("", "no path pattern")
}
rulePermissions, err := c.Permissions.toRulePermissionMap(iface, at)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
ruleConstraints := &RuleConstraints{
PathPattern: c.PathPattern,
Permissions: rulePermissions,
}
return ruleConstraints, nil
}
// RuleConstraints hold information about the applicability of an existing rule
// to particular paths and permissions. A request will be matched by the rule
// constraints if the requested path is matched by the path pattern (according
// to bash's globstar matching) and one or more requested permissions are denied
// in the permission map, or all of the requested permissions are allowed in the
// map.
type RuleConstraints struct {
PathPattern *patterns.PathPattern `json:"path-pattern"`
Permissions RulePermissionMap `json:"permissions"`
}
// ValidateForInterface checks that the rule constraints are valid for the
// given interface. Any permissions which have expired at the given point in
// time are pruned. If all permissions have expired, then returns true. If the
// rule is If the rule is invalid, returns an error.
func (c *RuleConstraints) ValidateForInterface(iface string, at At) (expired bool, err error) {
if c.PathPattern == nil {
return false, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError("", "no path pattern")
}
return c.Permissions.validateForInterface(iface, at)
}
// Match returns true if the constraints match the given path, otherwise false.
//
// If the constraints or path are invalid, returns an error.
func (c *RuleConstraints) Match(path string) (bool, error) {
if c.PathPattern == nil {
return false, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError("", "no path pattern")
}
match, err := c.PathPattern.Match(path)
if err != nil {
// Error should not occur, since it was parsed internally
return false, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError(c.PathPattern.String(), err.Error())
}
return match, nil
}
// ReplyConstraints hold information about the applicability of a reply to
// particular paths and permissions. Upon receiving the reply, snapd converts
// ReplyConstraints to Constraints.
type ReplyConstraints struct {
PathPattern *patterns.PathPattern `json:"path-pattern"`
Permissions []string `json:"permissions"`
}
// ToConstraints validates the receiving ReplyConstraints with respect to the
// given interface, along with the given outcome, lifespan, and duration, and
// constructs an equivalent Constraints from the ReplyConstraints.
func (c *ReplyConstraints) ToConstraints(iface string, outcome OutcomeType, lifespan LifespanType, duration string) (*Constraints, error) {
if _, err := outcome.AsBool(); err != nil {
// Should not occur, as outcome is validated when unmarshalled
return nil, err
}
if _, err := lifespan.ParseDuration(duration, time.Now()); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if c.PathPattern == nil {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPathPatternError("", "no path pattern")
}
availablePerms, ok := interfacePermissionsAvailable[iface]
if !ok {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewInvalidInterfaceError(iface, availableInterfaces())
}
if len(c.Permissions) == 0 {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewPermissionsEmptyError(iface, availablePerms)
}
var invalidPerms []string
permissionMap := make(PermissionMap, len(c.Permissions))
for _, perm := range c.Permissions {
if !strutil.ListContains(availablePerms, perm) {
invalidPerms = append(invalidPerms, perm)
continue
}
permissionMap[perm] = &PermissionEntry{
Outcome: outcome,
Lifespan: lifespan,
Duration: duration,
}
}
if len(invalidPerms) > 0 {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPermissionsError(iface, invalidPerms, availablePerms)
}
constraints := &Constraints{
PathPattern: c.PathPattern,
Permissions: permissionMap,
}
return constraints, nil
}
// RuleConstraintsPatch hold partial rule contents which will be used to modify
// an existing rule. When snapd modifies the rule using RuleConstraintsPatch,
// it converts the RuleConstraintsPatch to RuleConstraints, using the rule's
// existing constraints wherever a field is omitted from the
// RuleConstraintsPatch.
//
// Any permissions which are omitted from the new permission map are left
// unchanged from the existing rule. To remove an existing permission from the
// rule, the permission should map to null.
type RuleConstraintsPatch struct {
PathPattern *patterns.PathPattern `json:"path-pattern,omitempty"`
Permissions PermissionMap `json:"permissions,omitempty"`
}
// PatchRuleConstraints validates the receiving RuleConstraintsPatch and uses
// the given existing rule constraints to construct a new RuleConstraints.
//
// If the path pattern or permissions fields are omitted, they are left
// unchanged from the existing rule. If the permissions field is present in
// the patch, then any permissions which are omitted from the patch's
// permission map are left unchanged from the existing rule. To remove an
// existing permission from the rule, the permission should map to null in the
// permission map of the patch.
//
// The the given at information is used to prune any existing expired
// permissions and compute any expirations for new permissions.
//
// The existing rule constraints are not mutated.
func (c *RuleConstraintsPatch) PatchRuleConstraints(existing *RuleConstraints, iface string, at At) (*RuleConstraints, error) {
ruleConstraints := &RuleConstraints{
PathPattern: c.PathPattern,
}
if c.PathPattern == nil {
ruleConstraints.PathPattern = existing.PathPattern
}
if c.Permissions == nil {
ruleConstraints.Permissions = existing.Permissions
return ruleConstraints, nil
}
// Permissions are specified in the patch, need to merge them
newPermissions := make(RulePermissionMap, len(c.Permissions)+len(existing.Permissions))
// Pre-populate newPermissions with all the non-expired existing permissions
for perm, entry := range existing.Permissions {
if !entry.Expired(at) {
newPermissions[perm] = entry
}
}
availablePerms, ok := interfacePermissionsAvailable[iface]
if !ok {
// Should not occur, as we should use the interface from the existing rule
return nil, prompting_errors.NewInvalidInterfaceError(iface, availableInterfaces())
}
var errs []error
var invalidPerms []string
for perm, entry := range c.Permissions {
if !strutil.ListContains(availablePerms, perm) {
invalidPerms = append(invalidPerms, perm)
continue
}
if entry == nil {
// nil value for permission indicates that it should be removed.
// (In contrast, omitted permissions are left unchanged from the
// original constraints.)
delete(newPermissions, perm)
continue
}
ruleEntry, err := entry.toRulePermissionEntry(at)
if err != nil {
errs = append(errs, err)
continue
}
newPermissions[perm] = ruleEntry
}
if len(invalidPerms) > 0 {
errs = append(errs, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPermissionsError(iface, invalidPerms, availablePerms))
}
if len(errs) > 0 {
return nil, strutil.JoinErrors(errs...)
}
if len(newPermissions) == 0 {
return nil, prompting_errors.ErrPatchedRuleHasNoPerms
}
ruleConstraints.Permissions = newPermissions
return ruleConstraints, nil
}
// PermissionMap is a map from permissions to their corresponding entries,
// which contain information about the outcome and lifespan for those
// permissions.
type PermissionMap map[string]*PermissionEntry
// toRulePermissionMap validates the receiving PermissionMap and converts it
// to a RulePermissionMap, using the given at information to convert each
// PermissionEntry to a RulePermissionEntry. If the permission map is not valid
// with respect to the given interface, returns an error.
func (pm PermissionMap) toRulePermissionMap(iface string, at At) (RulePermissionMap, error) {
availablePerms, ok := interfacePermissionsAvailable[iface]
if !ok {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewInvalidInterfaceError(iface, availableInterfaces())
}
if len(pm) == 0 {
return nil, prompting_errors.NewPermissionsEmptyError(iface, availablePerms)
}
var errs []error
var invalidPerms []string
rulePermissionMap := make(RulePermissionMap, len(pm))
for perm, entry := range pm {
if !strutil.ListContains(availablePerms, perm) {
invalidPerms = append(invalidPerms, perm)
continue
}
rulePermissionEntry, err := entry.toRulePermissionEntry(at)
if err != nil {
errs = append(errs, err)
continue
}
rulePermissionMap[perm] = rulePermissionEntry
}
if len(invalidPerms) > 0 {
errs = append(errs, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPermissionsError(iface, invalidPerms, availablePerms))
}
if len(errs) > 0 {
return nil, strutil.JoinErrors(errs...)
}
return rulePermissionMap, nil
}
// RulePermissionMap is a map from permissions to their corresponding entries,
// which contain information about the outcome and lifespan for those
// permissions.
type RulePermissionMap map[string]*RulePermissionEntry
// validateForInterface checks that the rule permission map is valid for the
// given interface. Any permissions which have expired at the given point in
// time are pruned. If all permissions have expired, then returns true. If the
// permission map is invalid, returns an error.
func (pm RulePermissionMap) validateForInterface(iface string, at At) (expired bool, err error) {
availablePerms, ok := interfacePermissionsAvailable[iface]
if !ok {
return false, prompting_errors.NewInvalidInterfaceError(iface, availableInterfaces())
}
if len(pm) == 0 {
return false, prompting_errors.NewPermissionsEmptyError(iface, availablePerms)
}
var errs []error
var invalidPerms []string
var expiredPerms []string
for perm, entry := range pm {
if !strutil.ListContains(availablePerms, perm) {
invalidPerms = append(invalidPerms, perm)
continue
}
if err := entry.validate(); err != nil {
errs = append(errs, err)
continue
}
if entry.Expired(at) {
expiredPerms = append(expiredPerms, perm)
continue
}
}
if len(invalidPerms) > 0 {
errs = append(errs, prompting_errors.NewInvalidPermissionsError(iface, invalidPerms, availablePerms))
}
if len(errs) > 0 {
return false, strutil.JoinErrors(errs...)
}
for _, perm := range expiredPerms {
delete(pm, perm)
}
if len(pm) == 0 {
// All permissions expired
return true, nil
}
return false, nil
}
// Expired returns true if all permissions in the map have expired at the given
// point in time.
func (pm RulePermissionMap) Expired(at At) bool {
for _, entry := range pm {
if !entry.Expired(at) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// PermissionEntry holds the outcome associated with a particular permission
// and the lifespan for which that outcome is applicable.
//
// PermissionEntry is used when replying to a prompt, creating a new rule, or
// modifying an existing rule.
type PermissionEntry struct {
Outcome OutcomeType `json:"outcome"`
Lifespan LifespanType `json:"lifespan"`
Duration string `json:"duration,omitempty"`
}
// toRulePermissionEntry validates the receiving PermissionEntry and converts
// it to a RulePermissionEntry.
//
// Checks that the entry has a valid outcome, and that its lifespan is valid
// for a rule (i.e. not LifespanSingle), and that it has an appropriate
// duration for that lifespan. If the lifespan is LifespanTimespan, then the
// expiration is computed as the entry's duration after the given point in time.
// If the lifespan is LifepanSession, then the sessionID at the given point in
// time must be non-zero, and is saved in the RulePermissionEntry.
func (e *PermissionEntry) toRulePermissionEntry(at At) (*RulePermissionEntry, error) {
if _, err := e.Outcome.AsBool(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if e.Lifespan == LifespanSingle {
// We don't allow rules with lifespan "single"
return nil, prompting_errors.NewRuleLifespanSingleError(SupportedRuleLifespans)
}
expiration, err := e.Lifespan.ParseDuration(e.Duration, at.Time)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
var sessionIDToUse IDType
if e.Lifespan == LifespanSession {
// SessionID should be 0 unless the lifespan is LifespanSession
if at.SessionID == 0 {
return nil, prompting_errors.ErrNewSessionRuleNoSession
}
sessionIDToUse = at.SessionID
}
rulePermissionEntry := &RulePermissionEntry{
Outcome: e.Outcome,
Lifespan: e.Lifespan,
Expiration: expiration,
SessionID: sessionIDToUse,
}
return rulePermissionEntry, nil
}
// RulePermissionEntry holds the outcome associated with a particular permission
// and the lifespan for which that outcome is applicable.
//
// Each RulePermissionEntry is derived from a PermissionEntry. A PermissionEntry
// is used when reply to a prompt, creating a new rule, or modifying an existing
// rule, while a RulePermissionEntry is what is stored as part of the resulting
// rule.
//
// If the entry has a lifespan of LifespanTimespan, the expiration time should
// be non-zero and stores the time at which the entry expires. If the entry has
// a lifespan of LifespanSession, then the session ID should be non-zero and
// stores the user session ID associated with the rule at the time it was
// created.
type RulePermissionEntry struct {
Outcome OutcomeType `json:"outcome"`
Lifespan LifespanType `json:"lifespan"`
Expiration time.Time `json:"expiration,omitzero"`
SessionID IDType `json:"session-id,omitzero"`
}
// Expired returns true if the receiving permission entry has expired and
// should no longer be considered when matching requests.
//
// This is the case if the permission has a lifespan of timespan and the
// expiration time has passed at the given point in time, or the permission
// has a lifespan of LifespanSession and the associated user session ID is not
// equal to the user session ID at the given point in time.
func (e *RulePermissionEntry) Expired(at At) bool {
switch e.Lifespan {
case LifespanTimespan:
if !at.Time.Before(e.Expiration) {
return true
}
case LifespanSession:
if e.SessionID != at.SessionID {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// validate checks that the entry has a valid outcome, and that its lifespan
// is valid for a rule (i.e. not LifespanSingle), and has an appropriate
// expiration information for that lifespan.
func (e *RulePermissionEntry) validate() error {
if _, err := e.Outcome.AsBool(); err != nil {
return err
}
if e.Lifespan == LifespanSingle {
// We don't allow rules with lifespan "single"
return prompting_errors.NewRuleLifespanSingleError(SupportedRuleLifespans)
}
if err := e.Lifespan.ValidateExpiration(e.Expiration, e.SessionID); err != nil {
// Should never error due to an API request, since rules are always
// added via the API using duration, rather than expiration, and the
// user session should be active at the time the API request is made.
// Error may occur when validating a rule loaded from disk.
// We don't check whether the entry has expired as part of validation.
return err
}
return nil
}
// Supersedes returns true if the receiver e has a lifespan which supersedes
// that of given other entry.
//
// LifespanForever supersedes other lifespans. LifespanSession, if the entry's
// session ID is equal to the given session ID, supersedes lifespans other
// than LifespanForever; LifespanSession with an expired session ID supersedes
// nothing and is superseded by everything else. LifespanTimespan supersedes
// LifespanSingle. If the entries are both LifespanTimespan, then whichever
// entry has a later expiration timestamp supersedes the other entry.
func (e *RulePermissionEntry) Supersedes(other *RulePermissionEntry, currSession IDType) bool {
if other.Lifespan == LifespanForever {
// Nothing supersedes LifespanForever
return false
}
if e.Lifespan == LifespanForever {
// LifespanForever supersedes everything else
return true
}
if other.Lifespan == LifespanSession && other.SessionID == currSession {
// Validation ensures that there can be no entry with LifespanSession
// which has a SessionID of 0. Thus, if currSession is 0 (meaning
// there is no active user session), we'll never have other.SessionID
// equal to currSession.
// Nothing except LifespanForever supersedes LifespanSession with active session
return false
}
if e.Lifespan == LifespanSession {
if e.SessionID != currSession {
// LifespanSession with expired session supersedes nothing
return false
}
// LifespanSession with active session supersedes everything remaining
return true
}
if other.Lifespan == LifespanSession && other.SessionID != currSession {
// Everything except LifespanSession with expired session supersedes
// LifespanSession with expired session
return true
}
// Neither lifespan is LifespanForever or LifespanSession
if other.Lifespan == LifespanTimespan {
if e.Lifespan == LifespanSingle {
// LifespanSingle does not supersede LifespanTimespan
return false
}
// e also has LifespanTimespan, so supersedes if expiration is later
return e.Expiration.After(other.Expiration)
}
// Other lifespan is LifespanSingle
if e.Lifespan == LifespanTimespan {
// LifespanTimespan supersedes LifespanSingle
return true
}
// e also has LifespanSingle, which doesn't supersede other's LifespanSingle
return false
}
var (
// List of permissions available for each interface. This also defines the
// order in which the permissions should be presented.
interfacePermissionsAvailable = map[string][]string{
"home": {"read", "write", "execute"},
"camera": {"access"},
}
// A mapping from interfaces which support AppArmor file permissions to
// the map between abstract permissions and those file permissions.
//
// Never include AA_MAY_OPEN in the maps below; it should always come from
// the kernel with another permission (e.g. AA_MAY_READ or AA_MAY_WRITE),
// and if it does not, it should be interpreted as AA_MAY_READ.
interfaceFilePermissionsMaps = map[string]map[string]notify.FilePermission{
"home": {
"read": notify.AA_MAY_READ | notify.AA_MAY_GETATTR,
"write": notify.AA_MAY_WRITE | notify.AA_MAY_APPEND | notify.AA_MAY_CREATE | notify.AA_MAY_DELETE | notify.AA_MAY_RENAME | notify.AA_MAY_SETATTR | notify.AA_MAY_CHMOD | notify.AA_MAY_LOCK | notify.AA_MAY_LINK,
"execute": notify.AA_MAY_EXEC | notify.AA_EXEC_MMAP,
},
"camera": {
"access": notify.AA_MAY_READ | notify.AA_MAY_GETATTR | notify.AA_MAY_WRITE | notify.AA_MAY_APPEND,
},
}
)
// availableInterfaces returns the list of supported interfaces.
func availableInterfaces() []string {
interfaces := make([]string, 0, len(interfacePermissionsAvailable))
for iface := range interfacePermissionsAvailable {
interfaces = append(interfaces, iface)
}
sort.Strings(interfaces)
return interfaces
}
// AvailablePermissions returns the list of available permissions for the given
// interface.
func AvailablePermissions(iface string) ([]string, error) {
available, exist := interfacePermissionsAvailable[iface]
if !exist {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot get available permissions: unsupported interface: %s", iface)
}
return available, nil
}
// AbstractPermissionsFromAppArmorPermissions returns the list of permissions
// corresponding to the given AppArmor permissions for the given interface.
func AbstractPermissionsFromAppArmorPermissions(iface string, permissions notify.AppArmorPermission) ([]string, error) {
filePerms, ok := permissions.(notify.FilePermission)
if !ok {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse the given permissions as file permissions: %v", permissions)
}
if filePerms == notify.FilePermission(0) {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot get abstract permissions from empty AppArmor permissions: %q", filePerms)
}
abstractPermsAvailable, exists := interfacePermissionsAvailable[iface]
if !exists {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot map the given interface to list of available permissions: %s", iface)
}
abstractPermsMap, exists := interfaceFilePermissionsMaps[iface]
if !exists {
// This should never happen, since we just found a permissions list
// for the given interface and thus a map should exist for it as well.
return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot map the given interface to map from abstract permissions to AppArmor permissions: %s", iface)
}
if filePerms == notify.AA_MAY_OPEN {
// Should not occur, but if a request is received for only open, treat it as read.
filePerms = notify.AA_MAY_READ
}
// Discard Open permission; re-add it to the permission mask later
filePerms &= ^notify.AA_MAY_OPEN
abstractPerms := make([]string, 0, 1) // most requests should only include one permission
for _, abstractPerm := range abstractPermsAvailable {
aaPermMapping, exists := abstractPermsMap[abstractPerm]
if !exists {
// This should never happen, since permission mappings are
// predefined and should be checked for correctness.
return nil, fmt.Errorf("internal error: cannot map abstract permission to AppArmor permissions for the %s interface: %q", iface, abstractPerm)
}
if filePerms&aaPermMapping != 0 {
abstractPerms = append(abstractPerms, abstractPerm)
filePerms &= ^aaPermMapping
}
}
if filePerms != notify.FilePermission(0) {
logger.Noticef("cannot map AppArmor permission to abstract permission for the %s interface: %q", iface, filePerms)
}
return abstractPerms, nil
}
// AbstractPermissionsToAppArmorPermissions returns AppArmor permissions
// corresponding to the given permissions for the given interface.
func AbstractPermissionsToAppArmorPermissions(iface string, permissions []string) (notify.AppArmorPermission, error) {
// permissions may be empty, e.g. if we're constructing allowed permissions
// and denying all of them.
filePermsMap, exists := interfaceFilePermissionsMaps[iface]
if !exists {
// Should not occur, since we already validated iface and permissions
return notify.FilePermission(0), fmt.Errorf("cannot map the given interface to map from abstract permissions to AppArmor permissions: %s", iface)
}
filePerms := notify.FilePermission(0)
for _, perm := range permissions {
permMask, exists := filePermsMap[perm]
if !exists {
// Should not occur, since stored permissions list should have been validated
return notify.FilePermission(0), fmt.Errorf("cannot map abstract permission to AppArmor permissions for the %s interface: %q", iface, perm)
}
filePerms |= permMask
}
if filePerms&(notify.AA_MAY_EXEC|notify.AA_MAY_WRITE|notify.AA_MAY_READ|notify.AA_MAY_APPEND|notify.AA_MAY_CREATE) != 0 {
filePerms |= notify.AA_MAY_OPEN
}
return filePerms, nil
}
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