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/* $Id$ */
/****************************************************************************
*
* Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Sourcefire, Inc.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License Version 2 as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. You may not use, modify or
* distribute this program under any other version of the GNU General
* Public License.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
*
****************************************************************************/
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// hi stuff
//
// @file hi_paf.c
// @author Russ Combs <rcombs@sourcefire.com>
// the goal is to perform the minimal http paf parsing required for
// correctness while maintaining loose coupling with hi proper:
// * distinguish request from response by presence of http version
// as first token in first header of response
// * identify head request so response is understood to not have body
// * determine length of body from content-length header
// * determine chunking from transfer-endoding header
// * extract chunk lengths for body chunks
// * determine end of chunks from chunk length of zero
// Support for "Expect: 100-continue" is deferred. this is so far
// intended to be a standalone, "bolt on" addition to hi but expect
// and certain other cases may require simplified parsing here and
// feedback from hi to reset or otherwise adjust state.
// 1XX, 204, or 304 status responses must not have a body per RFC but
// if other headers indicate a body is present we will process that.
// This is different for head responses because content-length or
// transfer-encoding are expected.
// future work:
// * capture headers of interest to hi packet processing (including
// offset and length) so hi doesn't have to search, size, or unfold
// * fsm initialization could possibly be simpler eg by converting
// strings into state array
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif
#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "generators.h"
#include "hi_paf.h"
#include "hi_eo_events.h"
#include "decode.h"
#include "snort.h"
#include "stream_api.h"
#include "snort_debug.h"
#define HI_TRACE // define for state trace
// config stuff
// FIXTHIS replace hi_cap with flow depths or delete altogether?
static uint32_t hi_cap = 0;
// stats
static uint32_t hi_paf_calls = 0;
static uint32_t hi_paf_bytes = 0;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// session data
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
#define HIF_REQ 0x0001 // message is request
#define HIF_RSP 0x0002 // message is response
#define HIF_LEN 0x0004 // content-length
#define HIF_CHK 0x0008 // transfer-encoding: chunked
#define HIF_NOB 0x0010 // head (no body in response)
#define HIF_NOF 0x0020 // no flush (chunked body follows)
#define HIF_V09 0x0040 // simple request version 0.9
#define HIF_V10 0x0080 // server response version 1.0
#define HIF_V11 0x0100 // server response version 1.1
#define HIF_ERR 0x0200 // flag error for deferred abort (at eoh)
#define HIF_PST 0x0400 // post (requires content-length or chunks)
#define HIF_EOL 0x0800 // already saw at least one eol (for v09)
typedef struct {
uint32_t len;
uint16_t flags;
uint8_t msg;
uint8_t fsm;
} HiState;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// fsm stuff
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
typedef enum {
ACT_NOP, ACT_NOB, ACT_PST,
ACT_V09, ACT_V10, ACT_V11,
ACT_REQ, ACT_RSP,
ACT_SHI, ACT_SHX,
ACT_LNB, ACT_LNC, ACT_LN0,
ACT_CHK, ACT_CK0
} Action;
typedef struct {
uint8_t state;
uint8_t event;
uint8_t match;
uint8_t other;
uint8_t action;
} HiFsm;
#define EOL '\n' // \r is ignored
#define ANY '\0' // don't care
#define LWS ' ' // space or tab
// these are just convenient jump points to the start
// of blocks; the states MUST match array index
#define Z0 (0)
#define Z1 (Z0+18)
#define Z2 (Z1+18)
#define Z3 (Z2+17)
#define Z4 (Z3+20)
#define Z5 (Z4+7)
#define Z6 (Z5+2)
#define Z7 (Z6+2)
#define Z8 (Z7+2)
#define Z9 (Z8+2)
#define RSP_START_STATE Z0
#define REQ_START_STATE Z1
#define MSG_CHUNK_STATE Z6
static HiFsm hi_fsm[] =
{
// http version starts response
{ Z0+ 0, 'H', Z0+ 1, Z8 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 1, 'T', Z0+ 2, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 2, 'T', Z0+ 3, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 3, 'P', Z0+ 4, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 4, '/', Z0+ 5, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 5, '1', Z0+ 6, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 6, '.', Z0+ 7, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+ 7, '0', Z0+ 9, Z0+ 8, ACT_V10 },
{ Z0+ 8, '1', Z0+ 9, Z9 , ACT_V11 },
{ Z0+ 9, LWS, Z0+10, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+10, LWS, Z0+10, Z0+11, ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+11, '1', Z0+16, Z0+12, ACT_NOB },
{ Z0+12, '2', Z0+14, Z0+13, ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+13, '3', Z0+14, Z0+16, ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+14, '0', Z0+15, Z0+16, ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+15, '4', Z0+17, Z0+16, ACT_NOB },
{ Z0+16, ANY, Z0+17, Z0+17, ACT_NOP },
{ Z0+17, LWS, Z9+ 0, Z0+16, ACT_RSP },
// head method signals no body in response
// post method must have content-length or chunks
{ Z1+ 0, 'H', Z1+ 1, Z1+ 5, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 1, 'E', Z1+ 2, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 2, 'A', Z1+ 3, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 3, 'D', Z1+ 4, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 4, LWS, Z1+12, Z1+10, ACT_NOB },
{ Z1+ 5, 'P', Z1+ 6, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 6, 'O', Z1+ 7, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 7, 'S', Z1+ 8, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 8, 'T', Z1+ 9, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+ 9, LWS, Z1+12, Z1+10, ACT_PST },
// now tokens before eol to determine version
// 2 tokens is a 0.9 SimpleRequest (1 line header)
// 3 tokens is >= 1.0 (1 or more header lines)
{ Z1+10, LWS, Z1+12, Z1+11, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+11, ANY, Z1+10, Z1+10, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+12, LWS, Z1+12, Z1+13, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+13, EOL, Z9+ 0, Z1+14, ACT_V09 },
{ Z1+14, LWS, Z1+16, Z1+15, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+15, ANY, Z1+13, Z1+13, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+16, LWS, Z1+16, Z1+17, ACT_NOP },
{ Z1+17, EOL, Z9+ 0, Z9+ 0, ACT_V09 },
// content-length can be anywhere after 1st header
{ Z2+ 0, 'C', Z2+ 1, Z3 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 1, 'O', Z2+ 2, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 2, 'N', Z2+ 3, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 3, 'T', Z2+ 4, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 4, 'E', Z2+ 5, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 5, 'N', Z2+ 6, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 6, 'T', Z2+ 7, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 7, '-', Z2+ 8, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 8, 'L', Z2+ 9, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+ 9, 'E', Z2+10, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+10, 'N', Z2+11, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+11, 'G', Z2+12, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+12, 'T', Z2+13, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+13, 'H', Z2+14, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+14, LWS, Z2+14, Z2+15, ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+15, ':', Z2+16, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z2+16, LWS, Z2+16, Z5 , ACT_LN0 },
// transfer-encoding can be anywhere after 1st header
{ Z3+ 0, 'T', Z3+ 1, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 1, 'R', Z3+ 2, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 2, 'A', Z3+ 3, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 3, 'N', Z3+ 4, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 4, 'S', Z3+ 5, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 5, 'F', Z3+ 6, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 6, 'E', Z3+ 7, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 7, 'R', Z3+ 8, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 8, '-', Z3+ 9, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+ 9, 'E', Z3+10, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+10, 'N', Z3+11, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+11, 'C', Z3+12, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+12, 'O', Z3+13, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+13, 'D', Z3+14, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+14, 'I', Z3+15, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+15, 'N', Z3+16, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+16, 'G', Z3+17, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+17, LWS, Z3+17, Z3+18, ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+18, ':', Z3+19, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z3+19, LWS, Z3+19, Z4 , ACT_NOP },
// only recognized encoding
{ Z4+ 0, 'C', Z4+ 1, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z4+ 1, 'H', Z4+ 2, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z4+ 2, 'U', Z4+ 3, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z4+ 3, 'N', Z4+ 4, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z4+ 4, 'K', Z4+ 5, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z4+ 5, 'E', Z4+ 6, Z9 , ACT_NOP },
{ Z4+ 6, 'D', Z9 , Z9 , ACT_CHK },
// extract decimal content length
{ Z5+ 0, EOL, Z2 , Z5+ 1, ACT_LNB },
{ Z5+ 1, ANY, Z5 , Z5 , ACT_SHI },
// extract hex chunk length
{ Z6+ 0, EOL, Z7 , Z6+ 1, ACT_LNC },
{ Z6+ 1, ANY, Z6 , Z6 , ACT_SHX },
// skip to end of line after chunk data
{ Z7+ 0, EOL, Z6 , Z7+ 1, ACT_LN0 },
{ Z7+ 1, ANY, Z7 , Z7 , ACT_NOP },
// ignore empty lines before start of message
{ Z8+ 0, LWS, Z0 , Z8+ 1, ACT_NOP },
{ Z8+ 1, EOL, Z0 , Z9+ 1, ACT_NOP },
// skip to end of line
{ Z9+ 0, EOL, Z2 , Z9+ 1, ACT_NOP },
{ Z9+ 1, ANY, Z9 , Z9 , ACT_NOP }
};
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// actions
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
static inline int dton (int c)
{
return c - '0';
}
static inline int xton (int c)
{
if ( isdigit(c) )
return c - '0';
if ( isupper(c) )
return c - 'A' + 10;
return c - 'a' + 10;
}
static inline void hi_paf_event_post ()
{
SnortEventqAdd(
GENERATOR_SPP_HTTP_INSPECT_CLIENT,
HI_EO_CLIENT_UNBOUNDED_POST+1, 1, 0, 3,
HI_EO_CLIENT_UNBOUNDED_POST_STR, NULL);
}
static inline void hi_paf_event_simple ()
{
SnortEventqAdd(
GENERATOR_SPP_HTTP_INSPECT_CLIENT,
HI_EO_CLIENT_SIMPLE_REQUEST+1, 1, 0, 3,
HI_EO_CLIENT_SIMPLE_REQUEST_STR, NULL);
}
static inline void hi_paf_event_msg_size ()
{
SnortEventqAdd(
GENERATOR_SPP_HTTP_INSPECT,
HI_EO_CLISRV_MSG_SIZE_EXCEPTION+1, 1, 0, 3,
HI_EO_CLISRV_MSG_SIZE_EXCEPTION_STR, NULL);
}
static inline PAF_Status hi_exec (HiState* s, Action a, int c)
{
switch ( a )
{
case ACT_NOP:
break;
case ACT_V09:
s->flags |= HIF_V09|HIF_ERR;
break;
case ACT_V10:
s->flags |= HIF_V10;
break;
case ACT_V11:
s->flags |= HIF_V11;
break;
case ACT_NOB:
s->flags |= HIF_NOB;
break;
case ACT_PST:
s->flags |= HIF_PST;
break;
case ACT_REQ:
s->flags |= HIF_REQ;
break;
case ACT_RSP:
s->flags |= HIF_RSP;
break;
case ACT_SHI:
if ( s->flags & HIF_ERR )
break;
if ( isdigit(c) && (s->len < 429496728) )
s->len = (10 * s->len) + dton(c);
else
{
hi_paf_event_msg_size();
s->flags |= HIF_ERR;
}
break;
case ACT_SHX:
if ( s->flags & HIF_ERR )
break;
if ( isxdigit(c) && !(s->len & 0xF8000000) )
s->len = (s->len << 4) + xton(c);
else
{
hi_paf_event_msg_size();
s->flags |= HIF_ERR;
return PAF_FLUSH;
}
break;
case ACT_LNB:
s->flags |= HIF_LEN;
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: lnb=%u\n", __FUNCTION__, s->len);)
break;
case ACT_LNC:
s->flags |= HIF_LEN;
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: lnc=%u\n", __FUNCTION__, s->len);)
if ( s->len )
return PAF_SKIP;
s->flags &= ~HIF_NOF;
s->msg = 3;
break;
case ACT_LN0:
s->len = 0;
break;
case ACT_CHK:
s->flags |= HIF_CHK;
break;
case ACT_CK0:
s->flags |= HIF_NOF;
s->flags &= ~HIF_CHK;
s->fsm = MSG_CHUNK_STATE;
s->len = 0;
break;
}
return PAF_SEARCH;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// control
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// this is the 2nd step of stateful scanning, which executes
// the fsm.
static PAF_Status hi_scan_fsm (HiState* s, int c)
{
HiFsm* m = hi_fsm + s->fsm;
#ifdef HI_TRACE
#ifdef DEBUG_MSGS
uint8_t prev = s->fsm;
#endif
#endif
if ( c == '\t' )
c = LWS;
else
c = toupper(c);
do
{
if ( !m->event || (m->event == c) )
{
s->fsm = m->match;
break;
}
s->fsm = m->other;
m = hi_fsm + s->fsm;
}
while ( 1 );
#ifdef HI_TRACE
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%d[0x%2X, '%c'] -> %d,%d\n",
prev, c, isgraph(c) ? c : '.', m->action, s->fsm);)
#endif
return hi_exec(s, m->action, c);
}
static PAF_Status hi_eoh (HiState* s)
{
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: flags=0x%X, len=%u\n", __FUNCTION__, s->flags, s->len);)
if ( (s->flags & HIF_PST) &&
!(s->flags & (HIF_CHK|HIF_LEN)) )
{
hi_paf_event_post();
s->flags |= HIF_ERR;
}
if ( (s->flags & HIF_ERR) ||
((s->flags & HIF_NOB) && (s->flags & HIF_RSP))
) {
if ( s->flags & HIF_V09 )
hi_paf_event_simple();
hi_exec(s, ACT_LN0, 0);
return PAF_FLUSH;
}
if ( s->flags & HIF_CHK )
{
hi_exec(s, ACT_CK0, 0);
return PAF_SEARCH;
}
if ( (s->flags & (HIF_REQ|HIF_LEN)) )
return PAF_FLUSH;
if ( (s->flags & HIF_V11) && (s->flags & HIF_RSP) )
{
hi_exec(s, ACT_LN0, 0);
hi_paf_event_msg_size();
return PAF_FLUSH;
}
return PAF_ABORT;
}
// http messages are scanned statefully, char-by-char, in
// two steps. this is the 1st step, which figures out
// end-of-line (eol) and end-of-headers (eoh) from the byte
// stream. also unfolds headers before fsm scanning. this
// simplified version ignores \r (in the spirit of send strict,
// recv tolerant, but it would only take 2 more states to check
// for \r). the 2nd step is hi_scan_fsm().
static inline PAF_Status hi_scan_msg (HiState* s, int c, uint32_t* fp)
{
PAF_Status paf = PAF_SEARCH;
if ( c == '\r' )
{
*fp = 0;
return paf;
}
switch ( s->msg )
{
case 0:
if ( c == '\n' )
{
if ( !(s->flags & HIF_EOL) )
{
s->flags |= HIF_EOL;
paf = hi_scan_fsm(s, EOL);
if ( s->flags & HIF_V09 )
paf = hi_eoh(s);
else
s->msg = 1;
}
else if ( s->flags & HIF_NOF )
paf = hi_scan_fsm(s, EOL);
else
s->msg = 1;
}
else
paf = hi_scan_fsm(s, c);
break;
case 1:
if ( c == '\n' )
{
hi_scan_fsm(s, EOL);
paf = hi_eoh(s);
}
else if ( c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
{
// folding, just continue
paf = hi_scan_fsm(s, LWS);
}
else
{
paf = hi_scan_fsm(s, EOL);
if ( paf == PAF_SEARCH )
paf = hi_scan_fsm(s, c);
}
s->msg = 0;
break;
case 3:
if ( c == '\n' )
paf = hi_eoh(s);
else
s->msg = 4;
break;
case 4:
if ( c == '\n' )
s->msg = 3;
break;
}
if ( paf != PAF_SEARCH )
{
*fp = s->len;
}
return paf;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// utility
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
static void hi_reset (HiState* s, uint32_t flags)
{
s->len = s->msg = 0;
if ( flags & PKT_FROM_CLIENT )
{
s->fsm = REQ_START_STATE;
s->flags = HIF_REQ;
}
else
{
s->fsm = RSP_START_STATE ;
s->flags = HIF_RSP ;
}
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: fsm=%u, flags=0x%X\n", __FUNCTION__, s->fsm, s->flags);)
}
// verify that HiFsm.state corresponds to array index
// HiFsm.state is used solely for this purpose.
static bool hi_check (void)
{
int i = 0;
bool ok = true;
int max = sizeof(hi_fsm) / sizeof(hi_fsm[0]);
while ( i < max )
{
if ( hi_fsm[i].state != i )
{
printf("FATAL: hi_fsm[%d].state = %d\n", i, hi_fsm[i].state);
ok = false;
}
i++;
}
return ok;
}
// update flag on peer so head response doesn't expect body
static void hi_update_peer (HiState* s, void* ssn)
{
void** pv;
const uint8_t head = (HIF_NOB | HIF_REQ);
if ( (s->flags & head) != head )
return;
pv = stream_api->get_paf_user_data(ssn, 0);
if ( !*pv )
{
*pv = calloc(1, sizeof(HiState));
if ( *pv )
hi_reset(*pv, 0);
}
if ( !*pv )
return;
s = *pv;
s->flags |= HIF_NOB;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// callback for stateful scanning of in-order raw payload
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
static PAF_Status hi_paf (
void* ssn, void** pv, const uint8_t* data, uint32_t len,
uint32_t flags, uint32_t* fp)
{
HiState* hip = *pv;
PAF_Status paf = PAF_SEARCH;
uint32_t n = 0;
*fp = 0;
if ( !hip )
{
// beware - we allocate here but s5 calls free() directly
// so no pointers allowed
hip = calloc(1, sizeof(HiState));
if ( !hip )
return PAF_ABORT;
*pv = hip;
hi_reset(hip, flags);
}
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: len=%u\n", __FUNCTION__, len);)
if ( hip->flags & HIF_ERR )
return PAF_ABORT;
if ( hi_cap && (hi_paf_bytes > hi_cap) )
return PAF_ABORT;
while ( n < len )
{
// jump ahead to next linefeed when possible
if ( (hip->msg == 0) && (hip->fsm == Z9) )
{
uint8_t* lf = memchr(data+n, '\n', len-n);
if ( !lf )
{
n = len;
break;
}
n += (lf - (data + n));
}
paf = hi_scan_msg(hip, data[n++], fp);
if ( paf != PAF_SEARCH )
{
if ( hip->flags & HIF_ERR )
{
*fp = len;
break;
}
*fp += n;
hi_update_peer(hip, ssn);
if ( paf != PAF_SKIP )
hi_reset(hip, flags);
break;
}
}
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: paf=%d, rfp=%u\n", __FUNCTION__, paf, *fp);)
hi_paf_calls++;
hi_paf_bytes += n;
return paf;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// public stuff
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
int hi_paf_register (uint16_t port, bool client, bool server, tSfPolicyId pid)
{
if ( !ScPafEnabled() )
return 0;
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: policy %u, port %u\n", __FUNCTION__, pid, port);)
if ( !stream_api )
return -1;
if ( client )
stream_api->register_paf_cb(pid, port, true, hi_paf, false);
if ( server )
stream_api->register_paf_cb(pid, port, false, hi_paf, false);
return 0;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
bool hi_paf_init (uint32_t cap)
{
assert( hi_check() );
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: cap=%u\n", __FUNCTION__, cap);)
hi_cap = cap;
return true;
}
void hi_paf_term (void)
{
DEBUG_WRAP(DebugMessage(DEBUG_STREAM_PAF,
"%s: calls=%u, bytes=%u\n", __FUNCTION__,
hi_paf_calls, hi_paf_bytes);)
}
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