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from sqlglot import exp, transpile, parse_one
from sqlglot.errors import ParseError
from tests.dialects.test_dialect import Validator
class TestDatabricks(Validator):
dialect = "databricks"
def test_databricks(self):
self.validate_identity("SELECT COSH(1.5)")
null_type = exp.DataType.build("VOID", dialect="databricks")
self.assertEqual(null_type.sql(), "NULL")
self.assertEqual(null_type.sql("databricks"), "VOID")
self.validate_identity("SELECT BITMAP_BIT_POSITION(10)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT BITMAP_BUCKET_NUMBER(32769)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT BITMAP_CONSTRUCT_AGG(value)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT EXP(1)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT MODE(category)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT MODE(price, TRUE) AS deterministic_mode FROM products")
self.validate_identity("REGEXP_LIKE(x, y)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST(NULL AS VOID)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT void FROM t")
self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM stream")
self.validate_identity("SELECT * FROM STREAM t")
self.validate_identity("SELECT t.current_time FROM t")
self.validate_identity("ALTER TABLE labels ADD COLUMN label_score FLOAT")
self.validate_identity("DESCRIBE HISTORY a.b")
self.validate_identity("DESCRIBE history.tbl")
self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE t (a STRUCT<c: MAP<STRING, STRING>>)")
self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE t (c STRUCT<interval: DOUBLE COMMENT 'aaa'>)")
self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE my_table TBLPROPERTIES (a.b=15)")
self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE my_table TBLPROPERTIES ('a.b'=15)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('11 23:4:0' AS INTERVAL DAY TO HOUR)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('11 23:4:0' AS INTERVAL DAY TO MINUTE)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('11 23:4:0' AS INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('23:00:00' AS INTERVAL HOUR TO MINUTE)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('23:00:00' AS INTERVAL HOUR TO SECOND)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT CAST('23:00:00' AS INTERVAL MINUTE TO SECOND)")
self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE target SHALLOW CLONE source")
self.validate_identity("INSERT INTO a REPLACE WHERE cond VALUES (1), (2)")
self.validate_identity("CREATE FUNCTION a.b(x INT) RETURNS INT RETURN x + 1")
self.validate_identity("CREATE FUNCTION a AS b")
self.validate_identity("SELECT ${x} FROM ${y} WHERE ${z} > 1")
self.validate_identity("CREATE TABLE foo (x DATE GENERATED ALWAYS AS (CAST(y AS DATE)))")
self.validate_identity("TRUNCATE TABLE t1 PARTITION(age = 10, name = 'test', address)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT PARSE_JSON('{}')")
self.validate_identity("SELECT RANDSTR(123)")
self.validate_identity("SELECT RANDSTR(123, 456)")
self.validate_identity("PARSE_URL('https://example.com/path')")
self.validate_identity("PARSE_URL('https://example.com/path', 'HOST')")
self.validate_identity("PARSE_URL('https://example.com/path', 'QUERY', 'param')")
self.validate_identity(
"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS db.table (a TIMESTAMP, b BOOLEAN GENERATED ALWAYS AS (NOT a IS NULL)) USING DELTA"
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT * FROM sales UNPIVOT INCLUDE NULLS (sales FOR quarter IN (q1 AS `Jan-Mar`))"
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT * FROM sales UNPIVOT EXCLUDE NULLS (sales FOR quarter IN (q1 AS `Jan-Mar`))"
)
self.validate_identity(
"CREATE FUNCTION add_one(x INT) RETURNS INT LANGUAGE PYTHON AS $$def add_one(x):\n return x+1$$"
)
self.validate_identity(
"CREATE FUNCTION add_one(x INT) RETURNS INT LANGUAGE PYTHON AS $FOO$def add_one(x):\n return x+1$FOO$"
)
self.validate_identity(
"TRUNCATE TABLE t1 PARTITION(age = 10, name = 'test', city LIKE 'LA')"
)
self.validate_identity(
"COPY INTO target FROM `s3://link` FILEFORMAT = AVRO VALIDATE = ALL FILES = ('file1', 'file2') FORMAT_OPTIONS ('opt1'='true', 'opt2'='test') COPY_OPTIONS ('mergeSchema'='true')"
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT * FROM t1, t2",
"SELECT * FROM t1 CROSS JOIN t2",
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT TIMESTAMP '2025-04-29 18.47.18'::DATE",
"SELECT CAST(CAST('2025-04-29 18.47.18' AS DATE) AS TIMESTAMP)",
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT DATE_FORMAT(CAST(FROM_UTC_TIMESTAMP(foo, 'America/Los_Angeles') AS TIMESTAMP), 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss') AS foo FROM t",
"SELECT DATE_FORMAT(CAST(FROM_UTC_TIMESTAMP(CAST(foo AS TIMESTAMP), 'America/Los_Angeles') AS TIMESTAMP), 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss') AS foo FROM t",
)
self.validate_identity(
"DATE_DIFF(day, created_at, current_date())",
"DATEDIFF(DAY, created_at, CURRENT_DATE)",
).args["unit"].assert_is(exp.Var)
self.validate_identity(
r'SELECT r"\\foo.bar\"',
r"SELECT '\\\\foo.bar\\'",
)
self.validate_identity(
"FROM_UTC_TIMESTAMP(x::TIMESTAMP, tz)",
"FROM_UTC_TIMESTAMP(CAST(x AS TIMESTAMP), tz)",
)
self.validate_identity("SELECT SUBSTRING_INDEX(str, delim, count)")
self.validate_identity("BITMAP_OR_AGG(x)")
self.validate_all(
"SELECT SUBSTRING_INDEX('a.b.c.d', '.', 2)",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT SUBSTRING_INDEX('a.b.c.d', '.', 2)",
"spark": "SELECT SUBSTRING_INDEX('a.b.c.d', '.', 2)",
"mysql": "SELECT SUBSTRING_INDEX('a.b.c.d', '.', 2)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT TYPEOF(1)",
read={
"databricks": "SELECT TYPEOF(1)",
"snowflake": "SELECT TYPEOF(1)",
"hive": "SELECT TYPEOF(1)",
"clickhouse": "SELECT toTypeName(1)",
},
write={
"clickhouse": "SELECT toTypeName(1)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT c1:item[1].price",
read={
"spark": "SELECT GET_JSON_OBJECT(c1, '$.item[1].price')",
},
write={
"databricks": "SELECT c1:item[1].price",
"spark": "SELECT GET_JSON_OBJECT(c1, '$.item[1].price')",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT GET_JSON_OBJECT(c1, '$.item[1].price')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT c1:item[1].price",
"spark": "SELECT GET_JSON_OBJECT(c1, '$.item[1].price')",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"CREATE TABLE foo (x INT GENERATED ALWAYS AS (YEAR(y)))",
write={
"databricks": "CREATE TABLE foo (x INT GENERATED ALWAYS AS (YEAR(y)))",
"tsql": "CREATE TABLE foo (x AS YEAR(CAST(y AS DATE)))",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"CREATE TABLE t1 AS (SELECT c FROM t2)",
read={
"teradata": "CREATE TABLE t1 AS (SELECT c FROM t2) WITH DATA",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT X'1A2B'",
read={
"spark2": "SELECT X'1A2B'",
"spark": "SELECT X'1A2B'",
"databricks": "SELECT x'1A2B'",
},
write={
"spark2": "SELECT X'1A2B'",
"spark": "SELECT X'1A2B'",
"databricks": "SELECT X'1A2B'",
},
)
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
transpile(
"CREATE FUNCTION add_one(x INT) RETURNS INT LANGUAGE PYTHON AS $foo$def add_one(x):\n return x+1$$",
read="databricks",
)
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
transpile(
"CREATE FUNCTION add_one(x INT) RETURNS INT LANGUAGE PYTHON AS $foo bar$def add_one(x):\n return x+1$foo bar$",
read="databricks",
)
self.validate_all(
"CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func(a BIGINT, b BIGINT) RETURNS TABLE (a INT) RETURN SELECT a",
write={
"databricks": "CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func(a BIGINT, b BIGINT) RETURNS TABLE (a INT) RETURN SELECT a",
"duckdb": "CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func(a, b) AS TABLE SELECT a",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func(a BIGINT, b BIGINT) RETURNS BIGINT RETURN a",
write={
"databricks": "CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func(a BIGINT, b BIGINT) RETURNS BIGINT RETURN a",
"duckdb": "CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func(a, b) AS a",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT ANY(col) FROM VALUES (TRUE), (FALSE) AS tab(col)",
read={
"databricks": "SELECT ANY(col) FROM VALUES (TRUE), (FALSE) AS tab(col)",
"spark": "SELECT ANY(col) FROM VALUES (TRUE), (FALSE) AS tab(col)",
},
write={
"spark": "SELECT ANY(col) FROM VALUES (TRUE), (FALSE) AS tab(col)",
},
)
for option in ("", " (foo)", " MATCH FULL", " NOT ENFORCED"):
with self.subTest(f"Databricks foreign key REFERENCES option: {option}."):
self.validate_identity(
f"CREATE TABLE t1 (foo BIGINT NOT NULL CONSTRAINT foo_c FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES t2{option})"
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT test, LISTAGG(email, '') AS Email FROM organizations GROUP BY test",
)
self.validate_identity(
"WITH t AS (VALUES ('foo_val') AS t(foo1)) SELECT foo1 FROM t",
"WITH t AS (SELECT * FROM VALUES ('foo_val') AS t(foo1)) SELECT foo1 FROM t",
)
self.validate_identity("NTILE() OVER (ORDER BY 1)")
self.validate_identity("CURRENT_VERSION()")
self.validate_all(
"UNIFORM(1, 10, 5)",
write={
"snowflake": "UNIFORM(1, 10, RANDOM(5))",
"databricks": "UNIFORM(1, 10, 5)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"UNIFORM(1, 10)",
write={
"databricks": "UNIFORM(1, 10)",
"snowflake": "UNIFORM(1, 10, RANDOM())",
},
)
self.validate_identity("SELECT ELT(2, 'foo', 'bar', 'baz') AS Result")
self.validate_identity("GETDATE()", "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()")
self.validate_identity("NOW()", "CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()")
self.validate_identity("CURRENT_TIMEZONE()")
self.validate_identity("CURDATE()", "CURRENT_DATE")
self.validate_identity("CURDATE", "CURRENT_DATE")
# https://docs.databricks.com/sql/language-manual/functions/colonsign.html
def test_json(self):
self.validate_identity("SELECT c1:price, c1:price.foo, c1:price.bar[1]")
self.validate_identity("SELECT TRY_CAST(c1:price AS ARRAY<VARIANT>)")
self.validate_identity("""SELECT TRY_CAST(c1:["foo bar"]["baz qux"] AS ARRAY<VARIANT>)""")
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT c1:item[1].price FROM VALUES ('{ "item": [ { "model" : "basic", "price" : 6.12 }, { "model" : "medium", "price" : 9.24 } ] }') AS T(c1)"""
)
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT c1:item[*].price FROM VALUES ('{ "item": [ { "model" : "basic", "price" : 6.12 }, { "model" : "medium", "price" : 9.24 } ] }') AS T(c1)"""
)
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT FROM_JSON(c1:item[*].price, 'ARRAY<DOUBLE>')[0] FROM VALUES ('{ "item": [ { "model" : "basic", "price" : 6.12 }, { "model" : "medium", "price" : 9.24 } ] }') AS T(c1)"""
)
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT INLINE(FROM_JSON(c1:item[*], 'ARRAY<STRUCT<model STRING, price DOUBLE>>')) FROM VALUES ('{ "item": [ { "model" : "basic", "price" : 6.12 }, { "model" : "medium", "price" : 9.24 } ] }') AS T(c1)"""
)
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT c1:['price'] FROM VALUES ('{ "price": 5 }') AS T(c1)""",
"""SELECT c1:price FROM VALUES ('{ "price": 5 }') AS T(c1)""",
)
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT GET_JSON_OBJECT(c1, '$.price') FROM VALUES ('{ "price": 5 }') AS T(c1)""",
"""SELECT c1:price FROM VALUES ('{ "price": 5 }') AS T(c1)""",
)
self.validate_identity(
"""SELECT raw:`zip code`, raw:`fb:testid`, raw:store['bicycle'], raw:store["zip code"]""",
"""SELECT raw:["zip code"], raw:["fb:testid"], raw:store.bicycle, raw:store["zip code"]""",
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT col:`fr'uit`",
write={
"databricks": """SELECT col:["fr'uit"]""",
"postgres": "SELECT JSON_EXTRACT_PATH(col, 'fr''uit')",
},
)
def test_datediff(self):
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(year, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"tsql": "SELECT DATEDIFF(YEAR, 'start', 'end')",
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(YEAR, 'start', 'end')",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(microsecond, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(MICROSECOND, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP)) * 1000000 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(millisecond, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(MILLISECOND, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP)) * 1000 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(second, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(SECOND, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP)) AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(minute, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(MINUTE, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP)) / 60 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(hour, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(HOUR, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP)) / 3600 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(day, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(DAY, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(epoch FROM CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP)) / 86400 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(week, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(WEEK, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(days FROM (CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP) - CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP))) / 7 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(month, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(MONTH, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(year FROM AGE(CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP), CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP))) * 12 + EXTRACT(month FROM AGE(CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP), CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP))) AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(quarter, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(QUARTER, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(year FROM AGE(CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP), CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP))) * 4 + EXTRACT(month FROM AGE(CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP), CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP))) / 3 AS BIGINT)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF(year, 'start', 'end')",
write={
"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(YEAR, 'start', 'end')",
"postgres": "SELECT CAST(EXTRACT(year FROM AGE(CAST('end' AS TIMESTAMP), CAST('start' AS TIMESTAMP))) AS BIGINT)",
},
)
def test_add_date(self):
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEADD(year, 1, '2020-01-01')",
write={
"tsql": "SELECT DATEADD(YEAR, 1, '2020-01-01')",
"databricks": "SELECT DATEADD(YEAR, 1, '2020-01-01')",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATEDIFF('end', 'start')",
write={"databricks": "SELECT DATEDIFF(DAY, 'start', 'end')"},
)
self.validate_all(
"SELECT DATE_ADD('2020-01-01', 1)",
write={
"tsql": "SELECT DATEADD(DAY, 1, '2020-01-01')",
"databricks": "SELECT DATEADD(DAY, 1, '2020-01-01')",
},
)
def test_without_as(self):
self.validate_all(
"CREATE TABLE x (SELECT 1)",
write={
"databricks": "CREATE TABLE x AS (SELECT 1)",
},
)
self.validate_all(
"WITH x (select 1) SELECT * FROM x",
write={
"databricks": "WITH x AS (SELECT 1) SELECT * FROM x",
},
)
def test_streaming_tables(self):
self.validate_identity(
"CREATE STREAMING TABLE raw_data AS SELECT * FROM STREAM READ_FILES('abfss://container@storageAccount.dfs.core.windows.net/base/path')"
)
self.validate_identity(
"CREATE OR REFRESH STREAMING TABLE csv_data (id INT, ts TIMESTAMP, event STRING) AS SELECT * FROM STREAM READ_FILES('s3://bucket/path', format => 'csv', schema => 'id int, ts timestamp, event string')"
)
def test_grant(self):
self.validate_identity("GRANT CREATE ON SCHEMA my_schema TO `alf@melmak.et`")
self.validate_identity("GRANT SELECT ON TABLE sample_data TO `alf@melmak.et`")
self.validate_identity("GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON TABLE forecasts TO finance")
self.validate_identity("GRANT SELECT ON TABLE t TO `fab9e00e-ca35-11ec-9d64-0242ac120002`")
def test_revoke(self):
self.validate_identity("REVOKE CREATE ON SCHEMA my_schema FROM `alf@melmak.et`")
self.validate_identity("REVOKE SELECT ON TABLE sample_data FROM `alf@melmak.et`")
self.validate_identity("REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON TABLE forecasts FROM finance")
self.validate_identity(
"REVOKE SELECT ON TABLE t FROM `fab9e00e-ca35-11ec-9d64-0242ac120002`"
)
def test_analyze(self):
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLE tbl COMPUTE DELTA STATISTICS NOSCAN")
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLE tbl COMPUTE DELTA STATISTICS FOR ALL COLUMNS")
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLE tbl COMPUTE DELTA STATISTICS FOR COLUMNS foo, bar")
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLE ctlg.db.tbl COMPUTE DELTA STATISTICS NOSCAN")
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLES COMPUTE STATISTICS NOSCAN")
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLES FROM db COMPUTE STATISTICS")
self.validate_identity("ANALYZE TABLES IN db COMPUTE STATISTICS")
self.validate_identity(
"ANALYZE TABLE ctlg.db.tbl PARTITION(foo = 'foo', bar = 'bar') COMPUTE STATISTICS NOSCAN"
)
def test_udf_environment_property(self):
self.validate_identity(
"""CREATE FUNCTION a() ENVIRONMENT (dependencies = '["foo1==1", "foo2==2"]', environment_version = 'None')"""
)
def test_to_char_is_numeric_transpile_to_cast(self):
# The input SQL simulates a TO_CHAR with is_numeric flag set (from dremio dialect)
sql = "SELECT TO_CHAR(12345, '#')"
expression = parse_one(sql, read="dremio")
to_char_exp = expression.find(exp.ToChar)
assert to_char_exp is not None
assert to_char_exp.args.get("is_numeric") is True
result = transpile(sql, read="dremio", write="databricks")[0]
assert "CAST(12345 AS STRING)" in result
def test_qdcolon(self):
self.validate_identity("SELECT '20'?::INTEGER", "SELECT TRY_CAST('20' AS INTEGER)")
def test_overlay(self):
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT OVERLAY('Spark SQL', 'ANSI ', 7, 0)",
"SELECT OVERLAY('Spark SQL' PLACING 'ANSI ' FROM 7 FOR 0)",
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT OVERLAY('Spark SQL' PLACING 'CORE' FROM 7)",
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT OVERLAY(ENCODE('Spark SQL', 'utf-8') PLACING ENCODE('_', 'utf-8') FROM 6)",
)
self.validate_identity(
"SELECT OVERLAY('Spark SQL' PLACING 'ANSI ' FROM 7 FOR 0)",
)
|
