/*      CFDateFormatter.c
	Copyright (c) 2002-2019, Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
 
	Portions Copyright (c) 2014-2019, Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
	Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
	See http://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
	See http://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
        Responsibility: Itai Ferber
*/

#define U_SHOW_INTERNAL_API 1

#include "CFDateFormatter.h"
#include "CFDateFormatter_Private.h"
#include "CFDate.h"
#include "CFTimeZone.h"
#include "CFCalendar.h"
#include "CFNumber.h"
#include "CFPriv.h"
#include "CFInternal.h"
#include "CFRuntime_Internal.h"
#include "CFConstantKeys.h"
#include "CFICULogging.h"
#include <math.h>
#include <float.h>


typedef CF_ENUM(CFIndex, CFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearHandling) {
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearFailToParse = 0, // fail the parse; the default formatter behavior
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToNone = 1, // default to assuming era 1, or the year 0-99
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCurrent = 2, // default to assuming the current century or era
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCenteredAroundCurrentDate = 3,
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToFuture = 4,
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToPast = 5,
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyFuture = 6,
    kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyPast = 7
};

extern UCalendar *__CFCalendarCreateUCalendar(CFStringRef calendarID, CFStringRef localeID, CFTimeZoneRef tz);

static CONST_STRING_DECL(kCFDateFormatterFormattingContextKey, "kCFDateFormatterFormattingContextKey");

CF_EXPORT const CFStringRef kCFDateFormatterCalendarIdentifierKey;

#undef CFReleaseIfNotNull
#define CFReleaseIfNotNull(X) if (X) CFRelease(X)

#define BUFFER_SIZE 768

static CFStringRef __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedTemplate(CFLocaleRef locale, CFStringRef inString, Boolean stripAMPM);

// If you pass in a string in tmplate, you get back NULL (failure) or a CFStringRef.
// If you pass in an array in tmplate, you get back NULL (global failure) or a CFArrayRef with CFStringRefs or kCFNulls (per-template failure) at each corresponding index.

CFArrayRef CFDateFormatterCreateDateFormatsFromTemplates(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFArrayRef tmplates, CFOptionFlags options, CFLocaleRef locale) {
    return (CFArrayRef)CFDateFormatterCreateDateFormatFromTemplate(allocator, (CFStringRef)tmplates, options, locale);
}

static Boolean useTemplatePatternGenerator(CFLocaleRef locale, void(^work)(UDateTimePatternGenerator *ptg)) {
    static UDateTimePatternGenerator *ptg;
    static _CFMutex ptgLock = _CF_MUTEX_STATIC_INITIALIZER;
    static const char *ptgLocaleName;
    CFStringRef ln = locale ? CFLocaleGetIdentifier(locale) : CFSTR("");
    char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    const char *localeName = CFStringGetCStringPtr(ln, kCFStringEncodingASCII);
    if (NULL == localeName) {
        if (CFStringGetCString(ln, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, kCFStringEncodingASCII)) localeName = buffer;
    }
    
    void (^flushCache)(void) = ^{
        __cficu_udatpg_close(ptg);
        ptg = NULL;
        free((void *)ptgLocaleName);
        ptgLocaleName = NULL;
    };
    _CFMutexLock(&ptgLock);
    if (ptgLocaleName && strcmp(ptgLocaleName, localeName) != 0) {
        flushCache();
    }
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    if (!ptg) {
        ptg = __cficu_udatpg_open(localeName, &status);
        if (ptg && !U_FAILURE(status)) {
            ptgLocaleName = strdup(localeName);
        }
    }
    Boolean result = (NULL != ptg && !U_FAILURE(status));
    if (result && work) {
        work(ptg);
    }
    _CFMutexUnlock(&ptgLock);
    return result;
}

/*
 1) Scan the string for an AM/PM indicator
 2) Back up past any spaces in front of the AM/PM indicator
 3) As long as the current character is whitespace, or an 'a', remove it and shift everything past it down
 */
static void _CFDateFormatterStripAMPMIndicators(UniChar **bpat, int32_t *bpatlen, CFIndex bufferSize) {

    //scan
    CFCharacterSetRef whitespaceChars = CFCharacterSetGetPredefined(kCFCharacterSetWhitespace);
    for (CFIndex idx = 0; idx < *bpatlen; idx++) {
        UniChar c = (*bpat)[idx];
        if (c == 'a' || c == 'b' || c == 'B' || c == 'C') {
            //back up
            while (CFCharacterSetIsCharacterMember(whitespaceChars, (*bpat)[idx - 1])) {
                idx--;
            }

            //shift
            for (c = (*bpat)[idx]; c == 'a' || c == 'b' || c == 'B' || c == 'C' || CFCharacterSetIsCharacterMember(whitespaceChars, c); idx++, c = (*bpat)[idx]) {
                for (CFIndex shiftIdx = idx; shiftIdx < *bpatlen && shiftIdx + 1 < bufferSize; shiftIdx++) {
                    (*bpat)[shiftIdx] = (*bpat)[shiftIdx + 1];
                }
                //compensate for the character we just removed
                (*bpatlen)--;
                idx--;
            }
        }
    }
}

CFStringRef CFDateFormatterCreateDateFormatFromTemplate(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFStringRef tmplate, CFOptionFlags options, CFLocaleRef locale) {
    if (allocator) __CFGenericValidateType(allocator, CFAllocatorGetTypeID());
    if (locale) __CFGenericValidateType(locale, CFLocaleGetTypeID());
    Boolean tmplateIsString = (CFStringGetTypeID() == CFGetTypeID(tmplate));
    if (!tmplateIsString) {
        __CFGenericValidateType(tmplate, CFArrayGetTypeID());
    }
    
    __block CFTypeRef result = tmplateIsString ? NULL : (CFTypeRef)CFArrayCreateMutable(allocator, 0, &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);

    Boolean success = useTemplatePatternGenerator(locale, ^(UDateTimePatternGenerator *ptg) {
        
        
        for (CFIndex idx = 0, cnt = tmplateIsString ? 1 : CFArrayGetCount((CFArrayRef)tmplate); idx < cnt; idx++) {
            CFStringRef tmplateString = tmplateIsString ? (CFStringRef)tmplate : (CFStringRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex((CFArrayRef)tmplate, idx);
            CFStringRef resultString = NULL;
            
            Boolean stripAMPM = CFStringFind(tmplateString, CFSTR("J"), 0).location != kCFNotFound;
            tmplateString = __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedTemplate(locale ? locale : CFLocaleGetSystem(), tmplateString, stripAMPM);
            
            CFIndex jCount = 0; // the only interesting cases are 0, 1, and 2 (adjacent)
            UniChar adjacentJs[2] = {-1, -1};
            CFRange r = CFStringFind(tmplateString, CFSTR("j"), kCFCompareCaseInsensitive);
            if (kCFNotFound != r.location) {
                adjacentJs[0] = CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(tmplateString, r.location);
                jCount++;
                if ((r.location + 1 < CFStringGetLength(tmplateString)) && ('j' == CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(tmplateString, r.location + 1) || 'J' == CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(tmplateString, r.location + 1))) {
                    jCount++;
                    adjacentJs[1] = CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(tmplateString, r.location + 1);
                }
            }
            
            UChar pattern[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0}, skel[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0}, bpat[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
            CFIndex tmpltLen = CFStringGetLength(tmplateString);
            if (BUFFER_SIZE < tmpltLen) tmpltLen = BUFFER_SIZE;
            CFStringGetCharacters(tmplateString, CFRangeMake(0, tmpltLen), (UniChar *)pattern);
            CFRelease(tmplateString);
            
            int32_t patlen = tmpltLen;
            UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            int32_t skellen = __cficu_udatpg_getSkeleton(ptg, pattern, patlen, skel, sizeof(skel) / sizeof(skel[0]), &status);
            if (!U_FAILURE(status)) {
                if ((0 < jCount) && (skellen + jCount < (sizeof(skel) / sizeof(skel[0])))) {
                    
                    skel[skellen++] = 'j'; //adjacentJs[0];
                    if (1 < jCount) skel[skellen++] = 'j'; //adjacentJs[1];
                    //stripAMPM = false; //'J' will take care of it. We only need to do it manually if we stripped the Js out ourselves while forcing 12/24 hour time
                }
                
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                int32_t bpatlen = __cficu_udatpg_getBestPattern(ptg, skel, skellen, bpat, sizeof(bpat) / sizeof(bpat[0]), &status);
                if (!U_FAILURE(status)) {
                    if (stripAMPM) {
                        UniChar *bpatptr = (UniChar *)bpat;
                        _CFDateFormatterStripAMPMIndicators(&bpatptr, &bpatlen, BUFFER_SIZE);
                    }
                    resultString = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(allocator, (const UniChar *)bpat, bpatlen);
                }
            }
            
            if (tmplateIsString) {
                result = (CFTypeRef)resultString;
            } else {
                CFArrayAppendValue((CFMutableArrayRef)result, resultString ? (CFTypeRef)resultString : (CFTypeRef)kCFNull);
                if (resultString) CFRelease(resultString);
            }
        }
    });
    
    if (!success) {
        if (result) CFRelease(result);
        result = NULL;
    }
    
    return (CFStringRef)result;
}

struct __CFDateFormatter {
    CFRuntimeBase _base;
    UDateFormat *_df;
    CFLocaleRef _locale;
    CFDateFormatterStyle _timeStyle;
    CFDateFormatterStyle _dateStyle;
    CFStringRef _format;
    CFStringRef _defformat;
    struct {
        CFBooleanRef _IsLenient;
	CFBooleanRef _DoesRelativeDateFormatting;
	CFBooleanRef _HasCustomFormat;
        CFTimeZoneRef _TimeZone;
        CFCalendarRef _Calendar;
        CFStringRef _CalendarName;
        CFDateRef _TwoDigitStartDate;
        CFDateRef _DefaultDate;
        CFDateRef _GregorianStartDate;
        CFArrayRef _EraSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _LongEraSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _MonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _ShortMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _VeryShortMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _StandaloneMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _ShortStandaloneMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _VeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _WeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _ShortWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _VeryShortWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _StandaloneWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _ShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _VeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _QuarterSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _ShortQuarterSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _StandaloneQuarterSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _ShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols;
        CFStringRef _AMSymbol;
        CFStringRef _PMSymbol;
        CFNumberRef _AmbiguousYearStrategy;
        CFBooleanRef _UsesCharacterDirection;
        CFNumberRef _FormattingContext;
        
        // the following are from preferences
        CFArrayRef _CustomEraSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomLongEraSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomShortMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomVeryShortMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomStandaloneMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomShortStandaloneMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomVeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomShortWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomVeryShortWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomStandaloneWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomVeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomQuarterSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomShortQuarterSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomStandaloneQuarterSymbols;
        CFArrayRef _CustomShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols;
        CFStringRef _CustomDateFormat;
        CFStringRef _CustomTimeFormat;
        CFBooleanRef _Custom24Hour;
        CFBooleanRef _Custom12Hour;
        CFStringRef _CustomAMSymbol;
        CFStringRef _CustomPMSymbol;
        CFDictionaryRef _CustomFirstWeekday;
        CFDictionaryRef _CustomMinDaysInFirstWeek;
        
    } _property;
};

static CFStringRef __CFDateFormatterCopyDescription(CFTypeRef cf) {
    CFDateFormatterRef formatter = (CFDateFormatterRef)cf;
    return CFStringCreateWithFormat(CFGetAllocator(formatter), NULL, CFSTR("<CFDateFormatter %p [%p]>"), cf, CFGetAllocator(formatter));
}

static void __CFDateFormatterDeallocate(CFTypeRef cf) {
    CFDateFormatterRef formatter = (CFDateFormatterRef)cf;
    if (formatter->_df) __cficu_udat_close(formatter->_df);
    if (formatter->_locale) CFRelease(formatter->_locale);
    if (formatter->_format) CFRelease(formatter->_format);
    if (formatter->_defformat) CFRelease(formatter->_defformat);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._IsLenient);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._DoesRelativeDateFormatting);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._TimeZone);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._Calendar);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CalendarName);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._TwoDigitStartDate);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._DefaultDate);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._GregorianStartDate);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._EraSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._LongEraSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._MonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._ShortMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._VeryShortMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._StandaloneMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._WeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._ShortWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._VeryShortWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._StandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._QuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._ShortQuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._StandaloneQuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._AMSymbol);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._PMSymbol);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._FormattingContext);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomEraSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomShortMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomShortWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomLongEraSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomQuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomShortQuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomDateFormat);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomTimeFormat);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._Custom24Hour);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._Custom12Hour);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomAMSymbol);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomPMSymbol);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomFirstWeekday);
    CFReleaseIfNotNull(formatter->_property._CustomMinDaysInFirstWeek);
}

static CFStringRef __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedString(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef inString);

static void __CFDateFormatterSetProperty(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef key, CFTypeRef value, Boolean directToICU);
static void __CFDateFormatterStoreSymbolPrefs(const void *key, const void *value, void *context);
extern CFDictionaryRef __CFLocaleGetPrefs(CFLocaleRef locale);
static void __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDFRelative(CFDateFormatterRef formatter);
static void __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDF(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, bool doTime);
static void __CFDateFormatterSetSymbolsArray(UDateFormat *icudf, int32_t icucode, int index_base, CFTypeRef value);
    
static void __ReadCustomUDateFormatProperty(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {
    CFDictionaryRef prefs = __CFLocaleGetPrefs(formatter->_locale);
    CFPropertyListRef metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUDateTimeSymbols")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFDictionaryGetTypeID()) {
        CFDictionaryApplyFunction((CFDictionaryRef)metapref, __CFDateFormatterStoreSymbolPrefs, formatter);
    }
    metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleFirstWeekday")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFDictionaryGetTypeID()) {
        formatter->_property._CustomFirstWeekday = (CFDictionaryRef)CFRetain(metapref);
    }
    metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleMinDaysInFirstWeek")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFDictionaryGetTypeID()) {
        formatter->_property._CustomMinDaysInFirstWeek = (CFDictionaryRef)CFRetain(metapref);
    }
    metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUForce24HourTime")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFBooleanGetTypeID()) {
        formatter->_property._Custom24Hour = (CFBooleanRef)CFRetain(metapref);
    }
    metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUForce12HourTime")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFBooleanGetTypeID()) {
        formatter->_property._Custom12Hour = (CFBooleanRef)CFRetain(metapref);
    }
    metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUDateFormatStrings")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFDictionaryGetTypeID()) {
        CFStringRef key;
        switch (formatter->_dateStyle) {
            case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle: key = CFSTR("1"); break;
            case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle: key = CFSTR("2"); break;
            case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle: key = CFSTR("3"); break;
            case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: key = CFSTR("4"); break;
            default: key = CFSTR("0"); break;
        }
        CFStringRef dateFormat = (CFStringRef)CFDictionaryGetValue((CFDictionaryRef)metapref, key);
        if (NULL != dateFormat && CFGetTypeID(dateFormat) == CFStringGetTypeID()) {
            formatter->_property._CustomDateFormat = (CFStringRef)CFRetain(dateFormat);
        }
    }
    metapref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUTimeFormatStrings")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != metapref && CFGetTypeID(metapref) == CFDictionaryGetTypeID()) {
        CFStringRef key;
        switch (formatter->_timeStyle) {
            case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle: key = CFSTR("1"); break;
            case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle: key = CFSTR("2"); break;
            case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle: key = CFSTR("3"); break;
            case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: key = CFSTR("4"); break;
            default: key = CFSTR("0"); break;
        }
        CFStringRef timeFormat = (CFStringRef)CFDictionaryGetValue((CFDictionaryRef)metapref, key);
        if (NULL != timeFormat && CFGetTypeID(timeFormat) == CFStringGetTypeID()) {
            formatter->_property._CustomTimeFormat = (CFStringRef)CFRetain(timeFormat);
        }
    }
}
    
static void __ApplyUDateFormatSymbol(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {
    UDateFormatSymbolType types[18] = {UDAT_ERAS,
                                     UDAT_ERA_NAMES,
                                     UDAT_MONTHS,
                                     UDAT_SHORT_MONTHS,
                                     UDAT_NARROW_MONTHS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTHS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_MONTHS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_MONTHS,
                                     UDAT_WEEKDAYS,
                                     UDAT_SHORT_WEEKDAYS,
                                     UDAT_NARROW_WEEKDAYS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_WEEKDAYS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_WEEKDAYS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_WEEKDAYS,
                                     UDAT_QUARTERS,
                                     UDAT_SHORT_QUARTERS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTERS,
                                     UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_QUARTERS};
    int offsets[18] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0};
    CFArrayRef symbols[18] = {formatter->_property._EraSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._LongEraSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._MonthSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._ShortMonthSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._VeryShortMonthSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._StandaloneMonthSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneMonthSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._WeekdaySymbols,
                              formatter->_property._ShortWeekdaySymbols,
                              formatter->_property._VeryShortWeekdaySymbols,
                              formatter->_property._StandaloneWeekdaySymbols,
                              formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols,
                              formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols,
                              formatter->_property._QuarterSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._ShortQuarterSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._StandaloneQuarterSymbols,
                              formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols
    };
    CFArrayRef customSymbols[18] = {formatter->_property._CustomEraSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomLongEraSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomMonthSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomShortMonthSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortMonthSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneMonthSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneMonthSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomWeekdaySymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomShortWeekdaySymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortWeekdaySymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneWeekdaySymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomQuarterSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomShortQuarterSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneQuarterSymbols,
        formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols
    };
    
    for (CFIndex i = 0; i < 18; i++) {
        if (symbols[i] != NULL) {
            __CFDateFormatterSetSymbolsArray(formatter->_df, types[i], offsets[i], symbols[i]);
        } else if (customSymbols[i] != NULL) {
            __CFDateFormatterSetSymbolsArray(formatter->_df, types[i], offsets[i], customSymbols[i]);
        }
    }
    
    CFStringRef ampm[2];
    ampm[0] = NULL;
    ampm[1] = NULL;
    
    if (formatter->_property._AMSymbol != NULL) {
        ampm[0] = formatter->_property._AMSymbol;
    } else if (formatter->_property._CustomAMSymbol != NULL) {
        ampm[0] = formatter->_property._CustomAMSymbol;
    }
    if (formatter->_property._PMSymbol != NULL) {
        ampm[1] = formatter->_property._PMSymbol;
    } else if (formatter->_property._CustomPMSymbol != NULL) {
        ampm[1] = formatter->_property._CustomPMSymbol;
    }
    for (CFIndex i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        CFStringRef sym = ampm[i];
        if (sym != NULL) {
            CFIndex item_cnt = CFStringGetLength(sym);
            STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, item_buffer, __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt));
            UChar *item_ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr(sym);
            if (NULL == item_ustr) {
                item_cnt = __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt);
                CFStringGetCharacters(sym, CFRangeMake(0, item_cnt), (UniChar *)item_buffer);
                item_ustr = item_buffer;
            }
            UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            __cficu_udat_setSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS, i, item_ustr, item_cnt, &status);
        }
    }
}
    
static void __SetCalendarProperties(CFDateFormatterRef df) {
    CFStringRef calName = df->_property._CalendarName ? (df->_property._CalendarName) : NULL;
    if (!calName) {
        calName = (CFStringRef)CFLocaleGetValue(df->_locale, kCFLocaleCalendarIdentifierKey);
    }
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    const UCalendar *cal = __cficu_udat_getCalendar(df->_df);
    UCalendar *new_cal = NULL;
    
    if (df->_property._Calendar != NULL || df->_property._CalendarName != NULL) {
        UCalendar *caltmp = __CFCalendarCreateUCalendar(NULL, CFLocaleGetIdentifier(df->_locale), df->_property._TimeZone);
        if (caltmp) {
            new_cal = caltmp;
        }
    }
    if (new_cal == NULL) {
        new_cal = __cficu_ucal_clone(cal, &status);
    }
    
    if (df->_property._IsLenient != NULL) {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        CFBooleanRef value = df->_property._IsLenient;
        __cficu_ucal_setAttribute(new_cal, UCAL_LENIENT, (kCFBooleanTrue == value));
    }
    if (df->_property._TimeZone != NULL) {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        UChar ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
        CFStringRef tznam = CFTimeZoneGetName(df->_property._TimeZone);
        CFIndex ucnt = CFStringGetLength(tznam);
        if (BUFFER_SIZE < ucnt) ucnt = BUFFER_SIZE;
        CFStringGetCharacters(tznam, CFRangeMake(0, ucnt), (UniChar *)ubuffer);
        __cficu_ucal_setTimeZone(new_cal, ubuffer, ucnt, &status);
    }
    if (df->_property._GregorianStartDate != NULL) {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        CFAbsoluteTime at = CFDateGetAbsoluteTime((CFDateRef)df->_property._GregorianStartDate);
        UDate udate = (at + kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) * 1000.0;
        __cficu_ucal_setGregorianChange(new_cal, udate, &status);
    } else if (calName && CFEqual(calName, kCFCalendarIdentifierGregorian)) {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        UDate udate = __cficu_ucal_getGregorianChange(cal, &status);
        CFAbsoluteTime at = U_SUCCESS(status) ? (udate / 1000.0 - kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) : -13197600000.0; // Oct 15, 1582
        udate = (at + kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) * 1000.0;
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        __cficu_ucal_setGregorianChange(new_cal, udate, &status);
    }
    if (df->_property._Calendar != NULL) {
        __cficu_ucal_setAttribute(new_cal, UCAL_FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK, CFCalendarGetFirstWeekday((CFCalendarRef)df->_property._Calendar));
    } else if (df->_property._CustomFirstWeekday != NULL) {
        CFNumberRef firstWeekday = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(df->_property._CustomFirstWeekday, calName);
        if (NULL != firstWeekday && CFGetTypeID(firstWeekday) == CFNumberGetTypeID()) {
            CFIndex wkdy;
            if (CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)firstWeekday, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &wkdy)) {
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                __cficu_ucal_setAttribute(new_cal, UCAL_FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK, wkdy);
            }
        }
    }
    
    if (df->_property._Calendar != NULL) {
        __cficu_ucal_setAttribute(new_cal, UCAL_MINIMAL_DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK, CFCalendarGetMinimumDaysInFirstWeek((CFCalendarRef)df->_property._Calendar));
    } else if (df->_property._CustomMinDaysInFirstWeek != NULL) {
        CFNumberRef minDays = (CFNumberRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(df->_property._CustomMinDaysInFirstWeek, calName);
        if (NULL != minDays && CFGetTypeID(minDays) == CFNumberGetTypeID()) {
            CFIndex mwd;
            if (CFNumberGetValue((CFNumberRef)minDays, kCFNumberCFIndexType, &mwd)) {
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                __cficu_ucal_setAttribute(new_cal, UCAL_MINIMAL_DAYS_IN_FIRST_WEEK, mwd);
            }
        }
    }
    __cficu_udat_setCalendar(df->_df, new_cal);
    __cficu_ucal_close(new_cal);
}
    
#define RESET_PROPERTY(C, K) \
    if (df->_property. C) __CFDateFormatterSetProperty(df, K, df->_property. C, true);

static void __ResetUDateFormat(CFDateFormatterRef df, Boolean goingToHaveCustomFormat) {
    if (df->_df) __cficu_udat_close(df->_df);
    df->_df = NULL;

    // uses _timeStyle, _dateStyle, _locale, _property._TimeZone; sets _df, _format, _defformat
    char loc_buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    loc_buffer[0] = 0;
    CFStringRef tmpLocName = df->_locale ? CFLocaleGetIdentifier(df->_locale) : CFSTR("");
    CFStringGetCString(tmpLocName, loc_buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, kCFStringEncodingASCII);

    UChar tz_buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    tz_buffer[0] = 0;
    CFStringRef tmpTZName = df->_property._TimeZone ? CFTimeZoneGetName(df->_property._TimeZone) : CFSTR("GMT");
    if (tmpTZName == NULL) {
        os_log_error(_CFOSLog(), "Error: CFDateFormatter time zone has an empty name: %@", df->_property._TimeZone);
        return;
    }

    CFIndex const tz_length = __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, CFStringGetLength(tmpTZName));
    CFStringGetCharacters(tmpTZName, CFRangeMake(0, tz_length), (UniChar *)tz_buffer);

    int32_t udstyle = 0, utstyle = 0; // effectively this makes UDAT_FULL the default for unknown dateStyle/timeStyle values
    switch (df->_dateStyle) {
    case kCFDateFormatterNoStyle: udstyle = UDAT_NONE; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle: udstyle = UDAT_SHORT; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle: udstyle = UDAT_MEDIUM; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle: udstyle = UDAT_LONG; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: udstyle = UDAT_FULL; break;
    }
    switch (df->_timeStyle) {
    case kCFDateFormatterNoStyle: utstyle = UDAT_NONE; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle: utstyle = UDAT_SHORT; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle: utstyle = UDAT_MEDIUM; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle: utstyle = UDAT_LONG; break;
    case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: utstyle = UDAT_FULL; break;
    }
    Boolean wantRelative = (NULL != df->_property._DoesRelativeDateFormatting && df->_property._DoesRelativeDateFormatting == kCFBooleanTrue);
    Boolean hasFormat = (NULL != df->_property._HasCustomFormat && df->_property._HasCustomFormat == kCFBooleanTrue) || goingToHaveCustomFormat;
    if (wantRelative && !hasFormat && kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != df->_dateStyle) {
	udstyle |= UDAT_RELATIVE;
    }

    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UDateFormat *icudf = __cficu_udat_open((UDateFormatStyle)utstyle, (UDateFormatStyle)udstyle, loc_buffer, tz_buffer, tz_length, NULL, 0, &status);

    if (NULL == icudf || U_FAILURE(status)) {
        return;
    }
    
    // <rdar://problem/15420462> "Yesterday" and "Today" now appear in lower case
    // ICU uses middle of sentence context for relative days by default. We need to have relative dates to be capitalized by default for backward compatibility
    if (wantRelative) {
        __cficu_udat_setContext(icudf, UDISPCTX_CAPITALIZATION_FOR_UI_LIST_OR_MENU, &status);
    }
    
    if (df->_property._IsLenient != NULL) {
        __cficu_udat_setLenient(icudf, (kCFBooleanTrue == df->_property._IsLenient));
    } else {
        __cficu_udat_setLenient(icudf, 0);
    }
    if (kCFDateFormatterNoStyle == df->_dateStyle && kCFDateFormatterNoStyle == df->_timeStyle) {
        if (wantRelative && !hasFormat && kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != df->_dateStyle) {
            UErrorCode s = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            __cficu_udat_applyPatternRelative(icudf, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &s);
        } else {
            __cficu_udat_applyPattern(icudf, false, NULL, 0);
        }
    }
    if (!wantRelative && df->_property._HasCustomFormat == kCFBooleanTrue) {
        CFIndex cnt = CFStringGetLength(df->_format);
        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, ubuffer, cnt, 256);
        const UChar *ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr((CFStringRef)df->_format);
        if (NULL == ustr) {
            CFStringGetCharacters(df->_format, CFRangeMake(0, cnt), (UniChar *)ubuffer);
            ustr = ubuffer;
        }
        __cficu_udat_applyPattern(icudf, false, ustr, cnt);
        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_CLEANUP(ubuffer);
    }
    
    CFStringRef calident = (CFStringRef)CFLocaleGetValue(df->_locale, kCFLocaleCalendarIdentifierKey);
    if (calident && CFEqual(calident, kCFCalendarIdentifierGregorian)) {
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        __cficu_udat_set2DigitYearStart(icudf, -631152000000.0, &status); // 1950-01-01 00:00:00 GMT
    }
    df->_df = icudf;
    
    __ReadCustomUDateFormatProperty(df);
 
    __SetCalendarProperties(df);
    
    if (wantRelative && !hasFormat && kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != df->_dateStyle) {
        __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDFRelative(df);
    } else {
        __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDF(df, false);
        __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDF(df, true);
    }

    __ApplyUDateFormatSymbol(df);
    
    if (wantRelative && !hasFormat && kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != df->_dateStyle) {
        UChar dateBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
        UChar timeBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        CFIndex dateLen = __cficu_udat_toPatternRelativeDate(icudf, dateBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
        CFIndex timeLen = (utstyle != UDAT_NONE) ? __cficu_udat_toPatternRelativeTime(icudf, timeBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status) : 0;
        if (U_SUCCESS(status) && dateLen <= BUFFER_SIZE && timeLen <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
            // We assume that the 12/24-hour forcing preferences only affect the Time component
            CFStringRef newFormat = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, (const UniChar *)timeBuffer, timeLen);
            CFStringRef formatString = __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedString(df, newFormat);
            CFIndex cnt = CFStringGetLength(formatString);
            CFAssert1(cnt <= BUFFER_SIZE, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): time format string too long", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
            if (cnt <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
                CFStringGetCharacters(formatString, CFRangeMake(0, cnt), (UniChar *)timeBuffer);
                timeLen = cnt;
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                __cficu_udat_applyPatternRelative(icudf, dateBuffer, dateLen, timeBuffer, timeLen, &status);
                // ignore error and proceed anyway, what else can be done?

                UChar ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                int32_t ret = __cficu_udat_toPattern(icudf, false, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status); // read out current pattern
                if (U_SUCCESS(status) && ret <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
                    if (df->_format) CFRelease(df->_format);
                    df->_format = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, (const UniChar *)ubuffer, ret);
                }
            }
            CFRelease(formatString);
            CFRelease(newFormat);
        }
    } else {
        UChar ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        int32_t ret = __cficu_udat_toPattern(icudf, false, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
        if (U_SUCCESS(status) && ret <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
            CFStringRef newFormat = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, (const UniChar *)ubuffer, ret);
            CFStringRef formatString = __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedString(df, newFormat);
            CFIndex cnt = CFStringGetLength(formatString);
            CFAssert1(cnt <= 1024, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): format string too long", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
            if (cnt <= 1024) {
                SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, ubuffer, cnt, 256);
                const UChar *ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr((CFStringRef)formatString);
                if (NULL == ustr) {
                    CFStringGetCharacters(formatString, CFRangeMake(0, cnt), (UniChar *)ubuffer);
                    ustr = ubuffer;
                }
                UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
//            __cficu_udat_applyPattern(df->_df, false, ustr, cnt, &status);
                __cficu_udat_applyPattern(df->_df, false, ustr, cnt);
                if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
                    if (df->_format) CFRelease(df->_format);
                    df->_format = (CFStringRef)CFStringCreateCopy(CFGetAllocator(df), formatString);
                }
                SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_CLEANUP(ubuffer);
            }
            CFRelease(formatString);
            CFRelease(newFormat);
        }
    }
    if (df->_defformat) CFRelease(df->_defformat);
    df->_defformat = df->_format ? (CFStringRef)CFRetain(df->_format) : NULL;

    RESET_PROPERTY(_IsLenient, kCFDateFormatterIsLenientKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_DoesRelativeDateFormatting, kCFDateFormatterDoesRelativeDateFormattingKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_Calendar, kCFDateFormatterCalendarKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_CalendarName, kCFDateFormatterCalendarIdentifierKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_TimeZone, kCFDateFormatterTimeZoneKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_TwoDigitStartDate, kCFDateFormatterTwoDigitStartDateKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_DefaultDate, kCFDateFormatterDefaultDateKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_GregorianStartDate, kCFDateFormatterGregorianStartDateKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_AmbiguousYearStrategy, kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearStrategyKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_UsesCharacterDirection, kCFDateFormatterUsesCharacterDirectionKey);
    RESET_PROPERTY(_FormattingContext, kCFDateFormatterFormattingContextKey);
}

const CFRuntimeClass __CFDateFormatterClass = {
    0,
    "CFDateFormatter",
    NULL,        // init
    NULL,        // copy
    __CFDateFormatterDeallocate,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,        //
    __CFDateFormatterCopyDescription
};

CFTypeID CFDateFormatterGetTypeID(void) {
    return _kCFRuntimeIDCFDateFormatter;
}

static CFDateFormatterRef __CreateCFDateFormatter(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFLocaleRef locale, CFDateFormatterStyle dateStyle, CFDateFormatterStyle timeStyle, CFBooleanRef calculateISO8601) {
    struct __CFDateFormatter *memory;
    uint32_t size = sizeof(struct __CFDateFormatter) - sizeof(CFRuntimeBase);
    if (allocator == NULL) allocator = __CFGetDefaultAllocator();
    __CFGenericValidateType(allocator, CFAllocatorGetTypeID());
    if (locale) __CFGenericValidateType(locale, CFLocaleGetTypeID());
    memory = (struct __CFDateFormatter *)_CFRuntimeCreateInstance(allocator, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID(), size, NULL);
    if (NULL == memory) {
        return NULL;
    }
    memory->_dateStyle = dateStyle;
    memory->_timeStyle = timeStyle;

    switch (dateStyle) {
    case kCFDateFormatterNoStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: break;
    default:
        CFAssert2(0, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): unknown date style %ld", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, dateStyle);
        memory->_dateStyle = kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle;
        break;
    }
    switch (timeStyle) {
    case kCFDateFormatterNoStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle:
    case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: break;
    default:
        CFAssert2(0, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): unknown time style %ld", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, timeStyle);
        memory->_timeStyle = kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle;
        break;
    }

    //Prior to Gala, CFLocaleCreateCopy() always just retained. This caused problems because CFLocaleGetValue(locale, kCFLocaleCalendarKey) would create a calendar, then set its locale to self, leading to a retain cycle
    //Since we're not in that situation here, and this is a frequently used path, we retain as we used to
    memory->_locale = locale ? CFRetain(locale) : (CFLocaleRef)CFRetain(CFLocaleGetSystem());

    if (kCFBooleanTrue == calculateISO8601) {
        CFCalendarRef iso8601Cal = CFCalendarCreateWithIdentifier(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, kCFGregorianCalendar);
        CFCalendarSetFirstWeekday(iso8601Cal, UCAL_MONDAY);
        CFCalendarSetMinimumDaysInFirstWeek(iso8601Cal, 4);
        memory->_property._Calendar = iso8601Cal;
    }

    memory->_property._TimeZone = CFTimeZoneCopyDefault();
    
    CFStringRef calident = (CFStringRef)CFLocaleGetValue(memory->_locale, kCFLocaleCalendarIdentifierKey);
    if (calident && CFEqual(calident, kCFCalendarIdentifierGregorian)) {
        memory->_property._TwoDigitStartDate = CFDateCreate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, -1609459200.0); // 1950-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
    }
    
    __ResetUDateFormat(memory, false);
    if (!memory->_df) {
        CFRelease(memory);
        return NULL;
    }
    return (CFDateFormatterRef)memory;
}

#define FORMAT_STRING_MAX_LENGTH 33     // Length of "yyyy-'W'ww-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSXXXXX"
static CFMutableStringRef __createISO8601FormatString(CFISO8601DateFormatOptions options) {
    CFMutableStringRef resultStr = CFStringCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, FORMAT_STRING_MAX_LENGTH);

    BOOL useSpaceInsteadOfTChar = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithSpaceBetweenDateAndTime) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithSpaceBetweenDateAndTime;
    BOOL useDashSeparator = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithDashSeparatorInDate) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithDashSeparatorInDate;
    BOOL useColonSeparatorInTime = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithColonSeparatorInTime) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithColonSeparatorInTime;
    BOOL useColonSeparatorInTimeZone = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithColonSeparatorInTimeZone) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithColonSeparatorInTimeZone;
    BOOL internetDateTime = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithInternetDateTime) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithInternetDateTime;
    
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wunguarded-availability-new"
    
    BOOL includeFractionalSecs = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithFractionalSeconds) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithFractionalSeconds;

#pragma clang diagnostic pop

    if (internetDateTime) {
        // Check for dashes
        if (useDashSeparator == NO) {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "yyyyMMdd", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        } else {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "yyyy-MM-dd", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        }

        // Check for T separator
        if (useSpaceInsteadOfTChar == NO) {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "'T'", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        } else {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, " ", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        }

        // Check for colons
        if (useColonSeparatorInTime == NO) {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "HHmmss", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        } else {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "HH:mm:ss", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        }

        // Add support for fracional seconds
        if (includeFractionalSecs) {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, ".SSS", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
        }

        // Check for time zone separator
        if (useColonSeparatorInTimeZone == NO) {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "XXXX", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Basic Format (e.g. +080500)
        } else {
            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "XXXXX", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Extended Format (e.g. +08:05:00)
        }

        return resultStr;  // Skip the loop below.
    }

    unsigned int currentOption = 0, allOptions = options;
    for (int i = 0; currentOption < allOptions; currentOption = 1 << i, i++) {
        BOOL firstFormatSymbol = NO;
        if (CFStringGetLength(resultStr) < 1) {
            firstFormatSymbol = YES;
        }
        switch(currentOption) {
            case kCFISO8601DateFormatWithYear:
                if ((options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithYear) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithYear) {
                    BOOL includesWeekOfYear = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear;
                    if (includesWeekOfYear == NO) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "yyyy", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Year for calendar dates
                    } else {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "YYYY", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Year for week dates
                    }
                }
                break;
            case kCFISO8601DateFormatWithMonth:
                if ((options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithMonth) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithMonth) {
                    if ((firstFormatSymbol == NO) && useDashSeparator) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "-", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                    }
                    CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "MM", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                }
                break;
            case kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear:
                if ((options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear) {
                    if ((firstFormatSymbol == NO) && useDashSeparator) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "-", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                    }
                    CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "'W'ww", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                }
                break;
            case kCFISO8601DateFormatWithDay:
                if ((options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithDay) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithDay) {
                    if ((firstFormatSymbol == NO) && useDashSeparator) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "-", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                    }

                    BOOL includesMonth = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithMonth) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithMonth;
                    BOOL includesWeekOfYear = (options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithWeekOfYear;

                    if (includesWeekOfYear == NO) {
                        if (includesMonth == NO) {
                            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "DDD", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Day of Year
                        } else {
                            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "dd", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Day of Month
                        }
                    } else {  // If week is included, we want to use the day local to that week.
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "ee", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Local day of week
                    }
                }
                break;
            case kCFISO8601DateFormatWithTime:
                if ((options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithTime) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithTime) {
                    if (firstFormatSymbol == NO) { // This matters for T (or Space) character
                        if (useSpaceInsteadOfTChar == NO) {
                            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "'T'", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                        } else {
                            CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, " ", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                        }
                    }
                    // Check for colons
                    if (useColonSeparatorInTime == NO) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "HHmmss", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                    } else {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "HH:mm:ss", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                    }
                    // Add support for fracional seconds
                    if (includeFractionalSecs) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, ".SSS", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);
                    }
                }
                break;
            case kCFISO8601DateFormatWithTimeZone:
                if ((options & kCFISO8601DateFormatWithTimeZone) == kCFISO8601DateFormatWithTimeZone) {
                    // Check for time zone separator
                    if (useColonSeparatorInTimeZone == NO) {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "XXXX", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Basic Format (e.g. +080500)
                    } else {
                        CFStringAppendCString(resultStr, "XXXXX", kCFStringEncodingUTF8);  // Extended Format (e.g. +08:05:00)
                    }
                }
                break;
            default: break;
        }
    }

    return resultStr;
}

CFDateFormatterRef CFDateFormatterCreateISO8601Formatter(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFISO8601DateFormatOptions formatOptions) {
    CFStringRef localeStr = CFSTR("en_US_POSIX");
    CFLocaleRef locale = CFLocaleCreate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, localeStr);
    CFDateFormatterRef ISO8601Formatter = __CreateCFDateFormatter(allocator, locale, kCFDateFormatterNoStyle, kCFDateFormatterNoStyle, kCFBooleanTrue);  // dateStyle and timeStyle are not relevant for ISO8601

    if (formatOptions != 0) {
        CFStringRef formatStr = __createISO8601FormatString(formatOptions);
        if (formatStr) {
            CFDateFormatterSetFormat(ISO8601Formatter, formatStr);
            CFRelease(formatStr);
        }
    }

    CFRelease(locale);

    return ISO8601Formatter;
}

CFDateFormatterRef CFDateFormatterCreate(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFLocaleRef locale, CFDateFormatterStyle dateStyle, CFDateFormatterStyle timeStyle) {
    return __CreateCFDateFormatter(allocator, locale, dateStyle, timeStyle, kCFBooleanFalse);
}


static void __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDFRelative(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {

    CFIndex dateLen = -1;
    UChar dateBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    if (kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != formatter->_dateStyle) {
        if (formatter->_property._CustomDateFormat != NULL) {
            dateLen = __CFMin(CFStringGetLength(formatter->_property._CustomDateFormat), BUFFER_SIZE);
            CFStringGetCharacters(formatter->_property._CustomDateFormat, CFRangeMake(0, dateLen), (UniChar *)dateBuffer);
        }
    }
    if (-1 == dateLen) {
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        int32_t ret = __cficu_udat_toPatternRelativeDate(formatter->_df, dateBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
        if (!U_FAILURE(status)) {
            dateLen = ret;
        }
    }

    CFIndex timeLen = -1;
    UChar timeBuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
    if (kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != formatter->_timeStyle) {
        if (formatter->_property._CustomTimeFormat != NULL) {
            timeLen = __CFMin(CFStringGetLength(formatter->_property._CustomTimeFormat), BUFFER_SIZE);
            CFStringGetCharacters(formatter->_property._CustomTimeFormat, CFRangeMake(0, timeLen), (UniChar *)timeBuffer);
        }
    }
    if (-1 == timeLen) {
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        int32_t ret = __cficu_udat_toPatternRelativeTime(formatter->_df, timeBuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
        if (!U_FAILURE(status)) {
            timeLen = ret;
        }
    }

    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    __cficu_udat_applyPatternRelative(formatter->_df, (0 <= dateLen) ? dateBuffer : NULL, (0 <= dateLen) ? dateLen : 0, (0 <= timeLen) ? timeBuffer : NULL, (0 <= timeLen) ? timeLen : 0, &status);
}

static void __substituteFormatStringFromPrefsDF(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, bool doTime) {
    CFIndex formatStyle = doTime ? formatter->_timeStyle : formatter->_dateStyle;
    CFStringRef pref = doTime ? formatter->_property._CustomTimeFormat : formatter->_property._CustomDateFormat;
    if (kCFDateFormatterNoStyle != formatStyle) {
        if (NULL != pref) {
            int32_t icustyle = UDAT_NONE;
            switch (formatStyle) {
            case kCFDateFormatterShortStyle: icustyle = UDAT_SHORT; break;
            case kCFDateFormatterMediumStyle: icustyle = UDAT_MEDIUM; break;
            case kCFDateFormatterLongStyle: icustyle = UDAT_LONG; break;
            case kCFDateFormatterFullStyle: icustyle = UDAT_FULL; break;
            }
            CFStringRef localeName = CFLocaleGetIdentifier(formatter->_locale);
            char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
            const char *cstr = CFStringGetCStringPtr(localeName, kCFStringEncodingASCII);
            if (NULL == cstr) {
                if (CFStringGetCString(localeName, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, kCFStringEncodingASCII)) cstr = buffer;
            }
            UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            UDateFormat *df = __cficu_udat_open((UDateFormatStyle)(doTime ? icustyle : UDAT_NONE), (UDateFormatStyle)(doTime ? UDAT_NONE : icustyle), cstr, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &status);
            if (NULL != df) {
                UChar ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
                status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                int32_t date_len = __cficu_udat_toPattern(df, false, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
                if (U_SUCCESS(status) && date_len <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
                    CFStringRef dateString = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, (UniChar *)ubuffer, date_len);
                    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
                    int32_t formatter_len = __cficu_udat_toPattern(formatter->_df, false, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
                    if (U_SUCCESS(status) && formatter_len <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
                        CFMutableStringRef formatString = CFStringCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0);
                        CFStringAppendCharacters(formatString, (UniChar *)ubuffer, formatter_len);
                        // find dateString inside formatString, substitute the pref in that range
                        CFRange result;
                        if (CFStringFindWithOptions(formatString, dateString, CFRangeMake(0, formatter_len), 0, &result)) {
                            CFStringReplace(formatString, result, pref);
                            int32_t new_len = CFStringGetLength(formatString);
                            STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, new_buffer, new_len);
                            const UChar *new_ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr(formatString);
                            if (NULL == new_ustr) {
                                CFStringGetCharacters(formatString, CFRangeMake(0, new_len), (UniChar *)new_buffer);
                                new_ustr = new_buffer;
                                }
                            status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
//                            __cficu_udat_applyPattern(formatter->_df, false, new_ustr, new_len, &status);
                            __cficu_udat_applyPattern(formatter->_df, false, new_ustr, new_len);
                        }
                        CFRelease(formatString);
                    }
                    CFRelease(dateString);
                }
                __cficu_udat_close(df);
            }
        }
    }
}

static void __CFDateFormatterStoreSymbolPrefs(const void *key, const void *value, void *context) {
    if (CFGetTypeID(key) == CFStringGetTypeID() && CFGetTypeID(value) == CFArrayGetTypeID()) {
        CFDateFormatterRef formatter = (CFDateFormatterRef)context;
        UDateFormatSymbolType sym = (UDateFormatSymbolType)CFStringGetIntValue((CFStringRef)key);
        CFArrayRef array = (CFArrayRef)value;
        CFIndex idx, cnt = CFArrayGetCount(array);
        switch (sym) {
            case UDAT_ERAS:
                formatter->_property._CustomEraSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_MONTHS:
                formatter->_property._CustomMonthSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_SHORT_MONTHS:
                formatter->_property._CustomShortMonthSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_WEEKDAYS:
                formatter->_property._CustomWeekdaySymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_SHORT_WEEKDAYS:
                formatter->_property._CustomShortWeekdaySymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_AM_PMS:
                {
                    for (idx = 0; idx < cnt; idx++) {
                        CFStringRef item = (CFStringRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(array, idx);
                        if (CFGetTypeID(item) != CFStringGetTypeID()) continue;
                        if (idx == 0) {
                            formatter->_property._CustomAMSymbol = (CFStringRef)CFRetain(item);
                        } else if (idx == 1) {
                            formatter->_property._CustomPMSymbol = (CFStringRef)CFRetain(item);
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
            case UDAT_ERA_NAMES:
                formatter->_property._CustomLongEraSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_NARROW_MONTHS:
                formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortMonthSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_NARROW_WEEKDAYS:
                formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortWeekdaySymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTHS:
                formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneMonthSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_MONTHS:
                formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneMonthSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_MONTHS:
                formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_WEEKDAYS:
                formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneWeekdaySymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_WEEKDAYS:
                formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_WEEKDAYS:
                formatter->_property._CustomVeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_QUARTERS:
                formatter->_property._CustomQuarterSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_SHORT_QUARTERS:
                formatter->_property._CustomShortQuarterSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTERS:
                formatter->_property._CustomStandaloneQuarterSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            case UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_QUARTERS:
                formatter->_property._CustomShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols = (CFArrayRef)CFRetain(array);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

static CFStringRef __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedTemplate(CFLocaleRef locale, CFStringRef inString, Boolean stripAMPM) {
    if (!inString) return NULL;
    Boolean doForce24 = false, doForce12 = false;
    CFDictionaryRef prefs = __CFLocaleGetPrefs(locale);
    CFPropertyListRef pref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUForce24HourTime")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != pref && CFGetTypeID(pref) == CFBooleanGetTypeID()) {
        doForce24 = CFBooleanGetValue((CFBooleanRef)pref);
    }
    pref = prefs ? CFDictionaryGetValue(prefs, CFSTR("AppleICUForce12HourTime")) : NULL;
    if (NULL != pref && CFGetTypeID(pref) == CFBooleanGetTypeID()) {
        doForce12 = CFBooleanGetValue((CFBooleanRef)pref);
    }
    if (doForce24) doForce12 = false; // if both are set, Force24 wins, period
    if (!doForce24 && !doForce12) return (CFStringRef)CFRetain(inString);
    
    CFMutableStringRef outString = CFStringCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0);
    CFIndex cnt = CFStringGetLength(inString);
    CFIndex lastSecond = -1, lastMinute = -1, firstHour = -1;
    Boolean isInQuote = false, hasA = false, had12Hour = false, had24Hour = false;
    for (CFIndex idx = 0; idx < cnt; idx++) {
        Boolean emit = true;
        UniChar ch = CFStringGetCharacterAtIndex(inString, idx);
        switch (ch) {
            case '\'': isInQuote = !isInQuote; break;
            case 'J': //fall through
            case 'j': if (!isInQuote) {if (-1 == firstHour) firstHour = CFStringGetLength(outString); if (doForce24) ch = 'H'; else ch = 'h';} break;
            case 'h': if (!isInQuote) {if (-1 == firstHour) firstHour = CFStringGetLength(outString); had12Hour = true; if (doForce24) ch = 'H';} break; // switch 12-hour to 24-hour
            case 'K': if (!isInQuote) {if (-1 == firstHour) firstHour = CFStringGetLength(outString); had12Hour = true; if (doForce24) ch = 'k';} break; // switch 12-hour to 24-hour
            case 'H': if (!isInQuote) {if (-1 == firstHour) firstHour = CFStringGetLength(outString); had24Hour = true; if (doForce12) ch = 'h';} break; // switch 24-hour to 12-hour
            case 'k': if (!isInQuote) {if (-1 == firstHour) firstHour = CFStringGetLength(outString); had24Hour = true; if (doForce12) ch = 'K';} break; // switch 24-hour to 12-hour
            case 'm': if (!isInQuote) lastMinute = CFStringGetLength(outString); break;
            case 's': if (!isInQuote) lastSecond = CFStringGetLength(outString); break;
            case 'a': if (!isInQuote) {hasA = true; if (doForce24 || stripAMPM) emit = false;} break;
                break;
        }
        if (emit) CFStringAppendCharacters(outString, &ch, 1);
    }
    
    return outString;
}

static CFStringRef __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedString(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef inString) {
    if (!inString) return NULL;
    
    UDateTimePatternMatchOptions options = UDATPG_MATCH_NO_OPTIONS;
#if __HAS_APPLE_ICU__
    if (formatter->_property._Custom12Hour != NULL && CFBooleanGetValue((CFBooleanRef)formatter->_property._Custom12Hour)) {
        options = UADATPG_FORCE_12_HOUR_CYCLE;
    }
    if (formatter->_property._Custom24Hour != NULL && CFBooleanGetValue((CFBooleanRef)formatter->_property._Custom24Hour)) {
        options = UADATPG_FORCE_24_HOUR_CYCLE; //force 24 hour always wins if both are specified
    }
#endif
    if (options == UDATPG_MATCH_NO_OPTIONS) return (CFStringRef)CFRetain(inString);
    
    static CFCharacterSetRef hourCharacters;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        hourCharacters = CFCharacterSetCreateWithCharactersInString(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, CFSTR("hHkK"));
    });
    
    CFRange hourRange = CFRangeMake(kCFNotFound, 0);
    if (!CFStringFindCharacterFromSet(inString, hourCharacters, CFRangeMake(0, CFStringGetLength(inString)), 0, &hourRange) || hourRange.location == kCFNotFound) {
        return (CFStringRef)CFRetain(inString);
    }
    __block CFStringRef result = NULL;
    __block int32_t newPatternLen = 0;
#if __HAS_APPLE_ICU__
    Boolean success = useTemplatePatternGenerator(formatter->_locale, ^(UDateTimePatternGenerator *ptg) {
        CFIndex cnt = CFStringGetLength(inString);
        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, ubuffer, cnt, 256);
        const UChar *ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr(inString);
        if (NULL == ustr) {
            CFStringGetCharacters(inString, CFRangeMake(0, cnt), (UniChar *)ubuffer);
            ustr = ubuffer;
        }
        STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, outBuffer, 256);
        
        UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        newPatternLen = uadatpg_remapPatternWithOptions(ptg, ustr, cnt, options, outBuffer, 256, &err);
        if (U_SUCCESS(err)) {
            result = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, outBuffer, newPatternLen);
        } else if (err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) {
            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
            UChar *largerBuffer = calloc(newPatternLen + 1, sizeof(UChar));
            newPatternLen = uadatpg_remapPatternWithOptions(ptg, ustr, cnt, options, largerBuffer, newPatternLen + 1, &err);
            if (U_SUCCESS(err)) {
                result = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, largerBuffer, newPatternLen);
            }
            free(largerBuffer);
        }
        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_CLEANUP(ubuffer);
    });
#else
    Boolean success = false;
#endif
    Boolean returnResult = success && result && newPatternLen > 0;
    if (returnResult) {
        return result;
    } else {
        if (result) CFRelease(result);
        return CFRetain(inString);
    }
}

CFLocaleRef CFDateFormatterGetLocale(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    return formatter->_locale;
}

CFDateFormatterStyle CFDateFormatterGetDateStyle(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    return formatter->_dateStyle;
}

CFDateFormatterStyle CFDateFormatterGetTimeStyle(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    return formatter->_timeStyle;
}

CFStringRef CFDateFormatterGetFormat(CFDateFormatterRef formatter) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    return formatter->_format;
}

void CFDateFormatterSetFormat(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef formatString) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatString, CFStringGetTypeID());
    formatString = __CFDateFormatterCreateForcedString(formatter, formatString);
    CFIndex cnt = CFStringGetLength(formatString);
    CFAssert1(cnt <= 1024, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): format string too long", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
    if (formatter->_format != formatString && cnt <= 1024) {
        // When going from a situation where there is no custom format already,
        // and the "relative date formatting" property is set, we need to reset
        // the whole UDateFormat.
        if (formatter->_property._HasCustomFormat != kCFBooleanTrue && formatter->_property._DoesRelativeDateFormatting == kCFBooleanTrue) {
            __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, true);
            // the "true" results in: if you set a custom format string, you don't get relative date formatting
        }
        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, ubuffer, cnt, 256);
        const UChar *ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr((CFStringRef)formatString);
        if (NULL == ustr) {
            CFStringGetCharacters(formatString, CFRangeMake(0, cnt), (UniChar *)ubuffer);
            ustr = ubuffer;
        }
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
//        __cficu_udat_applyPattern(formatter->_df, false, ustr, cnt, &status);
        __cficu_udat_applyPattern(formatter->_df, false, ustr, cnt);
        if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
            if (formatter->_format) CFRelease(formatter->_format);
            formatter->_format = (CFStringRef)CFStringCreateCopy(CFGetAllocator(formatter), formatString);
            formatter->_property._HasCustomFormat = kCFBooleanTrue;
        }
        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_CLEANUP(ubuffer);
    }
    if (formatString) CFRelease(formatString);
}

CFStringRef CFDateFormatterCreateStringWithDate(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFDateRef date) {
    if (allocator == NULL) allocator = __CFGetDefaultAllocator();
    __CFGenericValidateType(allocator, CFAllocatorGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(date, CFDateGetTypeID());
    return CFDateFormatterCreateStringWithAbsoluteTime(allocator, formatter, CFDateGetAbsoluteTime(date));
}

CFStringRef CFDateFormatterCreateStringWithAbsoluteTime(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFAbsoluteTime at) {
    if (allocator == NULL) allocator = __CFGetDefaultAllocator();
    __CFGenericValidateType(allocator, CFAllocatorGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    UChar *ustr = NULL, ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE + 1];
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    CFIndex used, cnt = BUFFER_SIZE;
    UDate ud = (at + kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) * 1000.0 + 0.5;
    used = __cficu_udat_format(formatter->_df, ud, ubuffer + 1, cnt, NULL, &status);
    if (status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || cnt < used) {
        cnt = used + 1 + 1; // leave room for RTL marker if needed
        ustr = (UChar *)CFAllocatorAllocate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, sizeof(UChar) * cnt, 0);
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        used = __cficu_udat_format(formatter->_df, ud, ustr + 1, cnt, NULL, &status);
    }
    CFStringRef string = NULL;
    if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
        UniChar *bufferToUse = ustr ? (UniChar *)ustr : (UniChar *)ubuffer;
        if (formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection == kCFBooleanTrue && CFLocaleGetLanguageCharacterDirection(CFLocaleGetIdentifier(formatter->_locale)) == kCFLocaleLanguageDirectionRightToLeft) {
            // Insert Unicode RTL marker
            bufferToUse[0] = 0x200F;
            used++;
        } else {
            // Move past direction marker
            bufferToUse++;
        }
        string = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(allocator, bufferToUse, used);
    }
    if (ustr) CFAllocatorDeallocate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, ustr);
    return string;
}

#if U_ICU_VERSION_MAJOR_NUM > 55
static const char * const _ICUPatternMap = "GyMdkHmsSEDFwWahKzYeugAZvcLQqVUOXxr:";

CFAttributedStringRef _CFDateFormatterCreateAttributedStringAndFieldsWithAbsoluteTime(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFAbsoluteTime at) {
    if (allocator == NULL) allocator = __CFGetDefaultAllocator();
    __CFGenericValidateType(allocator, CFAllocatorGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    UChar *ustr = NULL, ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE + 1];
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    CFIndex used, cnt = BUFFER_SIZE;
    UDate ud = (at + kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) * 1000.0 + 0.5;
    UFieldPositionIterator *fpositer = ufieldpositer_open(&status);
    used = __cficu_udat_formatForFields(formatter->_df, ud, ubuffer + 1, cnt, fpositer, &status);
    if (status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || cnt < used) {
        cnt = used + 1 + 1; // leave room for RTL marker if needed
        ustr = (UChar *)CFAllocatorAllocate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, sizeof(UChar) * cnt, 0);
        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        ufieldpositer_close(fpositer);
        fpositer = ufieldpositer_open(&status);
        used = __cficu_udat_formatForFields(formatter->_df, ud, ustr + 1, cnt, fpositer, &status);
    }
    CFStringRef string = NULL;
    CFMutableAttributedStringRef attributed = NULL;
    if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
        UniChar *bufferToUse = ustr ? (UniChar *)ustr : (UniChar *)ubuffer;
        if (formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection == kCFBooleanTrue && CFLocaleGetLanguageCharacterDirection(CFLocaleGetIdentifier(formatter->_locale)) == kCFLocaleLanguageDirectionRightToLeft) {
            // Insert Unicode RTL marker
            bufferToUse[0] = 0x200F;
            used++;
        } else {
            // Move past direction marker
            bufferToUse++;
        }
        string = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(allocator, bufferToUse, used);
        
    }
    if (ustr) CFAllocatorDeallocate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, ustr);
    if (string) {
        attributed = CFAttributedStringCreateMutable(allocator, CFStringGetLength(string));
        CFAttributedStringReplaceString(attributed, CFRangeMake(0, 0), string);
        CFRelease(string);
        int32_t field;
        int32_t beginIndex;
        int32_t endIndex;
        size_t limit = strlen(_ICUPatternMap);
        while ((field = ufieldpositer_next(fpositer, &beginIndex, &endIndex)) >= 0) {
            if (field >= limit) {
                continue;
            }
            CFStringRef pattern = CFStringCreateWithBytes(allocator, (UInt8 *)_ICUPatternMap+field, 1, kCFStringEncodingASCII, false);
            CFAttributedStringSetAttribute(attributed, CFRangeMake(beginIndex, endIndex-beginIndex), kCFDateFormatterPatternCharacterKey, pattern);
            CFRelease(pattern);
        }
    }
    if (fpositer != NULL) {
        ufieldpositer_close(fpositer);
    }
    return attributed;
}
#endif

static UDate __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(UCalendar *calendar, UDate at, int32_t target, Boolean isEra, UErrorCode *status) {
    __cficu_ucal_setMillis(calendar, at, status);
    UCalendarDateFields field = isEra ? UCAL_ERA : UCAL_YEAR;
    __cficu_ucal_set(calendar, field, target);
    return __cficu_ucal_getMillis(calendar, status);
}

static UDate __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(UCalendar *calendar, UDate at, CFIndex period, CFIndex pastYears, CFIndex futureYears, Boolean isEra, UErrorCode *status) {
    __cficu_ucal_setMillis(calendar, __cficu_ucal_getNow(), status);
    int32_t currYear = __cficu_ucal_get(calendar, UCAL_YEAR, status);
    UCalendarDateFields field = isEra ? UCAL_ERA : UCAL_YEAR;
    int32_t currEraOrCentury = __cficu_ucal_get(calendar, field, status);
    if (!isEra) {
        currYear %= 100;
        currEraOrCentury = currEraOrCentury / 100 * 100; // get century
    }

    CFIndex futureMax = currYear + futureYears;
    CFIndex pastMin = currYear - pastYears;

    CFRange currRange, futureRange, pastRange;
    currRange.location = futureRange.location = pastRange.location = kCFNotFound;
    currRange.length = futureRange.length = pastRange.length = 0;
    if (!isEra) {
        if (period < INT_MAX && futureMax >= period) {
            futureRange.location = 0;
            futureRange.length = futureMax - period + 1;
        }
        if (pastMin < 0) {
            pastRange.location = period + pastMin;
            pastRange.length = period - pastRange.location;
        }
        if (pastRange.location != kCFNotFound) {
            currRange.location = 0;
        } else {
            currRange.location = pastMin;
        }
    } else {
        if (period < INT_MAX && futureMax > period) {
            futureRange.location = 1;
            futureRange.length = futureMax - period;
        }
        if (pastMin <= 0) {
            pastRange.location = period + pastMin;
            pastRange.length = period - pastRange.location + 1;
        }
        if (pastRange.location != kCFNotFound) {
            currRange.location = 1;
        } else {
            currRange.location = pastMin;
        }

    }
    currRange.length = period - pastRange.length - futureRange.length;

    __cficu_ucal_setMillis(calendar, at, status);
    int32_t atYear = __cficu_ucal_get(calendar, UCAL_YEAR, status);
    if (!isEra) {
        atYear %= 100;
        currEraOrCentury += atYear;
    }

    int32_t offset = 0; // current era or century
    if (pastRange.location != kCFNotFound && atYear >= pastRange.location && atYear - pastRange.location + 1 <= pastRange.length) {
        offset = -1; // past era or century
    } else if (futureRange.location != kCFNotFound && atYear >= futureRange.location && atYear - futureRange.location + 1 <= futureRange.length) {
        offset = 1; // next era or century
    }
    if (!isEra) offset *= 100;
    return __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(calendar, at, currEraOrCentury+offset, isEra, status);
}

#if TARGET_OS_MAC || TARGET_OS_WIN32 || TARGET_OS_LINUX || TARGET_OS_BSD
static int32_t __CFDateFormatterGetMaxYearGivenJapaneseEra(UCalendar *calendar, int32_t era, UErrorCode *status) {
    int32_t years = 0;
    __cficu_ucal_clear(calendar);
    __cficu_ucal_set(calendar, UCAL_ERA, era+1);
    UDate target = __cficu_ucal_getMillis(calendar, status);
    __cficu_ucal_set(calendar, UCAL_ERA, era);
    years = __cficu_ucal_getFieldDifference(calendar, target, UCAL_YEAR, status);
    return years+1;
}
#endif

static Boolean __CFDateFormatterHandleAmbiguousYear(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef calendar_id, UDateFormat *df, UCalendar *cal, UDate *at, const UChar *ustr, CFIndex length, UErrorCode *status) {
    Boolean success = true;
    int64_t ambigStrat = kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToNone;
    if (formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy) {
        CFNumberGetValue(formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy, kCFNumberSInt64Type, &ambigStrat);
    }
    if (calendar_id == kCFCalendarIdentifierChinese) {
        // we default to era 1 if era is missing, however, we cannot just test if the era is 1 because we may get era 2 or larger if the year in the string is greater than 60
        // now I just assume that the year will not be greater than 600 in the string
        if (__cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_ERA, status) < 10) {
            switch (ambigStrat) {
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearFailToParse:
                    success = false;
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCurrent: {
                    __cficu_ucal_setMillis(cal, __cficu_ucal_getNow(), status);
                    int32_t currEra = __cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_ERA, status);
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, currEra, true, status);
                    break;
                    }
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCenteredAroundCurrentDate:
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 60, 29, 30, true, status);
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToFuture:
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 60, 0, 59, true, status);
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToPast:
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 60, 59, 0, true, status);
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyFuture:
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 60, 10, 49, true, status);
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyPast:
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 60, 49, 10, true, status);
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToNone:
                default:
                    break; // do nothing
            }
        }
    } else if (calendar_id == kCFCalendarIdentifierJapanese) { // ??? need more work
#if TARGET_OS_MAC || TARGET_OS_WIN32 || TARGET_OS_LINUX || TARGET_OS_BSD
        __cficu_ucal_clear(cal);
        __cficu_ucal_set(cal, UCAL_ERA, 1);
        __cficu_udat_parseCalendar(df, cal, ustr, length, NULL, status);
        UDate test = __cficu_ucal_getMillis(cal, status);
        if (test != *at) { // missing era
            __cficu_ucal_setMillis(cal, *at, status);
            int32_t givenYear = __cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_YEAR, status);
            __cficu_ucal_setMillis(cal, __cficu_ucal_getNow(), status);
            int32_t currYear = __cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_YEAR, status);
            int32_t currEra = __cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_ERA, status);
            switch (ambigStrat) {
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearFailToParse:
                    success = false;
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCurrent:
                    *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, currEra, true, status);
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToFuture:
                    if (givenYear < currYear) { // we only consider current or the future
                        success = false;
                    } else { // current era
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, currEra, true, status);
                    }
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToPast:
                    if (givenYear > currYear) { // past era
                        success = false;
                        // we find the closest era that has the given year
                        // if no era has such given year, we fail the parse
                        for (CFIndex era = currEra-1; era >= 234; era--) { // Showa era (234) is the longest era
                            int32_t years = __CFDateFormatterGetMaxYearGivenJapaneseEra(cal, era, status);
                            if (givenYear > years) {
                                continue;
                            }
                            success = true;
                            *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, era, true, status);
                            break;
                        }
                    } else { // current era
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, currEra, true, status);
                    }
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyFuture:
                    if (givenYear < currYear - 10) { // we allow 10 years to the past
                        success = false;
                    } else {
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, currEra, true, status);
                    }
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyPast:
                    if (givenYear > currYear + 10) {
                        success = false;
                        // we find the closest era that has the given year
                        // if no era has such given year, we fail the parse
                        for (CFIndex era = currEra-1; era >= 234; era--) { // Showa era (234) is the longest era
                            int32_t years = __CFDateFormatterGetMaxYearGivenJapaneseEra(cal, era, status);
                            if (givenYear > years) {
                                continue;
                            }
                            success = true;
                            *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, era, true, status);
                            break;
                        }
                    } else { // current era
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, currEra, true, status);
                    }
                    break;
                case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToNone:
                default:
                    break; // do nothing
            }
        }
#else
        success = false;
#endif
    } else { // calenders other than chinese and japanese
        int32_t parsedYear = __cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_YEAR, status);
        if (parsedYear >= 12000 && parsedYear <= 12099) { // most likely that the parsed string had a 2-digits year
            if (formatter->_property._TwoDigitStartDate != NULL) {
                UCalendar *tempCal = __cficu_ucal_clone(cal, status);
                __cficu_ucal_clear(tempCal);
                CFAbsoluteTime twoDigitAt = CFDateGetAbsoluteTime(formatter->_property._TwoDigitStartDate);
                UDate targetUdate = (twoDigitAt + kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) * 1000.0;
                __cficu_ucal_setMillis(tempCal, targetUdate, status);
                int targetYear = __cficu_ucal_get(tempCal, UCAL_YEAR, status);
                parsedYear -= 12000;
                int targetYearM100 = targetYear % 100;
                if (targetYearM100 < parsedYear) {
                    parsedYear = ((targetYear / 100) * 100) + parsedYear;
                } else if (parsedYear < targetYearM100) {
                    parsedYear = ((targetYear / 100) * 100) + 100 + parsedYear;
                } else {
                    __cficu_ucal_set(cal, UCAL_YEAR, targetYear);
                    UDate parseUdate = __cficu_ucal_getMillis(cal, status);
                    if (parseUdate >= targetUdate) {
                        parsedYear = targetYear;
                    } else {
                        parsedYear = targetYear + 100;
                    }
                }
                __cficu_ucal_close(tempCal);
                __cficu_ucal_set(cal, UCAL_YEAR, parsedYear);
                *at = __cficu_ucal_getMillis(cal, status);
            } else {
                switch (ambigStrat) {
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearFailToParse:
                        success = false;
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCurrent:
                    {
                        // we can modify cal here because cal is just a temp cal from the caller
                        __cficu_ucal_setMillis(cal, __cficu_ucal_getNow(), status);
                        int32_t currYear = __cficu_ucal_get(cal, UCAL_YEAR, status);
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, (currYear / 100 * 100) + parsedYear % 100, false, status);
                    }
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToCenteredAroundCurrentDate:
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 100, 50, 49, false, status);
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToFuture:
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 100, 0, 99, false, status);
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToPast:
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 100, 99, 0, false, status);
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyFuture:
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 100, 9, 90, false, status);
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToLikelyPast:
                        *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeToARangeAroundCurrentDate(cal, *at, 100, 90, 9, false, status);
                        break;
                    case kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearAssumeToNone:
                    default:
                        if (calendar_id == kCFCalendarIdentifierGregorian) { // historical default behavior of 1950 - 2049
                            int32_t twoDigits = parsedYear % 100;
                            *at = __CFDateFormatterCorrectTimeWithTarget(cal, *at, ((twoDigits < 50) ? 2000 : 1900) + twoDigits, false, status);
                        }
                        break; // do nothing
                }
            }

        }
    }
    return success;
}

CFDateRef CFDateFormatterCreateDateFromString(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef string, CFRange *rangep) {
    if (allocator == NULL) allocator = __CFGetDefaultAllocator();
    __CFGenericValidateType(allocator, CFAllocatorGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(string, CFStringGetTypeID());
    CFAbsoluteTime at;
    if (CFDateFormatterGetAbsoluteTimeFromString(formatter, string, rangep, &at)) {
        return CFDateCreate(allocator, at);
    }
    return NULL;
}

Boolean CFDateFormatterGetAbsoluteTimeFromString(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef string, CFRange *rangep, CFAbsoluteTime *atp) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(string, CFStringGetTypeID());
    CFRange range = {0, 0};
    if (rangep) {
       range = *rangep;
    } else {
        range.length = CFStringGetLength(string);
    }
    if (1024 < range.length) range.length = 1024;
    const UChar *ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr(string);
    STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, ubuffer, (NULL == ustr) ? range.length : 1);
    if (NULL == ustr) {
        CFStringGetCharacters(string, range, (UniChar *)ubuffer);
        ustr = ubuffer;
    } else {
        ustr += range.location;
    }
    UDate udate;
    int32_t dpos = 0;
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UDateFormat *df2 = __cficu_udat_clone(formatter->_df, &status);
    const UCalendar *ucal2 = __cficu_udat_getCalendar(df2);
    UCalendar *cal2 = __cficu_ucal_clone(ucal2, &status);
    CFStringRef calendar_id = (CFStringRef) CFDateFormatterCopyProperty(formatter, kCFDateFormatterCalendarIdentifierKey);
    if (calendar_id != kCFCalendarIdentifierChinese && calendar_id != kCFCalendarIdentifierJapanese) {
        __cficu_ucal_clear(cal2);
        // set both year, and 2DigitYearStart to year 12000
        __cficu_ucal_set(cal2, UCAL_YEAR, 12000);
        __cficu_udat_set2DigitYearStart(df2, 316516204800.0 * 1000.0, &status);
    } else if (calendar_id == kCFCalendarIdentifierChinese) {
        __cficu_ucal_clear(cal2);
        __cficu_ucal_set(cal2, UCAL_ERA, 1); // default to era 1 if no era info in the string for chinese
    } else if (calendar_id == kCFCalendarIdentifierJapanese) { // default to the current era
        __cficu_ucal_setMillis(cal2, __cficu_ucal_getNow(), &status);
        int32_t currEra = __cficu_ucal_get(cal2, UCAL_ERA, &status);
        __cficu_ucal_clear(cal2);
        __cficu_ucal_set(cal2, UCAL_ERA, currEra);
    }
    if (formatter->_property._DefaultDate) {
        CFAbsoluteTime at = CFDateGetAbsoluteTime(formatter->_property._DefaultDate);
        udate = (at + kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970) * 1000.0;
        __cficu_ucal_setMillis(cal2, udate, &status);
    }
    __cficu_udat_parseCalendar(df2, cal2, ustr, range.length, &dpos, &status);
    udate = __cficu_ucal_getMillis(cal2, &status);
    if (rangep) rangep->length = dpos;
    Boolean success = false;
    // first status check is for parsing and the second status check is for the work done inside __CFDateFormatterHandleAmbiguousYear()
    if (!U_FAILURE(status) && (__CFDateFormatterHandleAmbiguousYear(formatter, calendar_id, df2, cal2, &udate, ustr, range.length, &status)) && !U_FAILURE(status)) {
        if (atp) {
            *atp = (double)udate / 1000.0 - kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970;
        }
        success = true;
    }
    if (calendar_id) CFRelease(calendar_id);
    __cficu_udat_close(df2);
    __cficu_ucal_close(cal2);
    return success;
}

static void __CFDateFormatterSetSymbolsArray(UDateFormat *icudf, int32_t icucode, int index_base, CFTypeRef value) {
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFArrayGetTypeID());
    CFArrayRef array = (CFArrayRef)value;
    CFIndex idx, cnt = CFArrayGetCount(array);
    for (idx = 0; idx < cnt; idx++) {
	CFStringRef item = (CFStringRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(array, idx);
	__CFGenericValidateType(item, CFStringGetTypeID());
	CFIndex item_cnt = CFStringGetLength(item);
	STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, item_buffer, __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt));
	UChar *item_ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr(item);
	if (NULL == item_ustr) {
	    item_cnt = __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt);
	    CFStringGetCharacters(item, CFRangeMake(0, item_cnt), (UniChar *)item_buffer);
	    item_ustr = item_buffer;
	}
	status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
	__cficu_udat_setSymbols(icudf, (UDateFormatSymbolType)icucode, idx + index_base, item_ustr, item_cnt, &status);
    }
}

static CFArrayRef __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(UDateFormat *icudf, int32_t icucode, int index_base) {
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    CFIndex idx, cnt = __cficu_udat_countSymbols(icudf, (UDateFormatSymbolType)icucode);
    if (cnt <= index_base) return CFArrayCreate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, NULL, 0, &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);
    cnt = cnt - index_base;
    STACK_BUFFER_DECL(CFStringRef, strings, cnt);
    for (idx = 0; idx < cnt; idx++) {
        UChar ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
	CFStringRef str = NULL;
	status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
	CFIndex ucnt = __cficu_udat_getSymbols(icudf, (UDateFormatSymbolType)icucode, idx + index_base, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
	if (U_SUCCESS(status) && cnt <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
	    str = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, (const UniChar *)ubuffer, ucnt);
	}
	strings[idx] = !str ? (CFStringRef)CFRetain(CFSTR("<error>")) : str;
    }
    CFArrayRef array = CFArrayCreate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, (const void **)strings, cnt, &kCFTypeArrayCallBacks);
    while (cnt--) {
	CFRelease(strings[cnt]);
    }
    return array;
}

CF_PRIVATE CFLocaleRef _CFLocaleCreateCopyWithNewCalendarIdentifier(CFAllocatorRef allocator, CFLocaleRef locale, CFStringRef calendarIdentifier);

#define SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(A, B, C) \
	if (!directToICU) { \
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. C; \
	    formatter->_property. C = NULL; \
	} \
        __CFDateFormatterSetSymbolsArray(formatter->_df, A, B, value); \
	if (!directToICU) { \
	    formatter->_property. C = __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, A, B); \
	}

static void __CFDateFormatterSetProperty(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef key, CFTypeRef value, Boolean directToICU) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(key, CFStringGetTypeID());
    CFTypeRef oldProperty = NULL;
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;

    if (kCFDateFormatterIsLenientKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _IsLenient;
            formatter->_property. _IsLenient = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFBooleanGetTypeID());
        if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _IsLenient = value ? (CFBooleanRef)CFRetain(value) : NULL;
            __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, false);
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterDoesRelativeDateFormattingKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _DoesRelativeDateFormatting;
            formatter->_property. _DoesRelativeDateFormatting = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFBooleanGetTypeID());
	if (!directToICU) {
	    if (kCFBooleanTrue != value) value = kCFBooleanFalse;
            formatter->_property. _DoesRelativeDateFormatting = value ? (CFBooleanRef)CFRetain(value) : NULL;
	    __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, false);
	}
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterCalendarKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _Calendar;
            formatter->_property. _Calendar = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFCalendarGetTypeID());
        CFLocaleRef newLocale = _CFLocaleCreateCopyWithNewCalendarIdentifier(CFGetAllocator(formatter->_locale), formatter->_locale, CFCalendarGetIdentifier((CFCalendarRef)value));
        
        if (formatter->_locale) {
            CFRelease(formatter->_locale);
        }
        // at this point, we should be setting the preferences if any into this new locale
        formatter->_locale = newLocale;
        if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _Calendar = (CFCalendarRef)CFDateFormatterCopyProperty(formatter, kCFDateFormatterCalendarKey);
            __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, false);
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterCalendarIdentifierKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _CalendarName;
            formatter->_property. _CalendarName = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFStringGetTypeID());
        CFStringRef localeName = CFLocaleGetIdentifier(formatter->_locale);
        CFDictionaryRef components = CFLocaleCreateComponentsFromLocaleIdentifier(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, localeName);
        CFMutableDictionaryRef mcomponents = CFDictionaryCreateMutableCopy(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, components);
        CFDictionarySetValue(mcomponents, kCFLocaleCalendarIdentifierKey, value);
        localeName = CFLocaleCreateLocaleIdentifierFromComponents(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, mcomponents);
        CFRelease(mcomponents);
        CFRelease(components);
        CFLocaleRef newLocale = CFLocaleCreate(CFGetAllocator(formatter->_locale), localeName);
        // at this point, we should be setting the preferences if any into this new locale
        CFRelease(localeName);
        CFRelease(formatter->_locale);
        formatter->_locale = newLocale;
        if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _CalendarName = (CFStringRef)CFDateFormatterCopyProperty(formatter, kCFDateFormatterCalendarIdentifierKey);
            __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, false);
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterTimeZoneKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property. _TimeZone != value) {
	    if (!directToICU) {
		oldProperty = formatter->_property. _TimeZone;
		formatter->_property. _TimeZone = NULL;
	    }
	    __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFTimeZoneGetTypeID());
	    CFTimeZoneRef old = formatter->_property._TimeZone;
	    formatter->_property._TimeZone = value ? (CFTimeZoneRef)CFRetain(value) : CFTimeZoneCopyDefault();
	    if (old) CFRelease(old);
        if (!directToICU) {
            old = formatter->_property._TimeZone;
            formatter->_property. _TimeZone = (CFTimeZoneRef)CFDateFormatterCopyProperty(formatter, kCFDateFormatterTimeZoneKey);
            __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, false);
            if (old) CFRelease(old);
        }
	}
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterDefaultFormatKey == key) {
        // read-only attribute
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterTwoDigitStartDateKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _TwoDigitStartDate;
            formatter->_property. _TwoDigitStartDate = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFDateGetTypeID());
	if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _TwoDigitStartDate = value ? (CFDateRef)CFRetain(value) : NULL;
	}
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterDefaultDateKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _DefaultDate;
            formatter->_property. _DefaultDate = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFDateGetTypeID());
	if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property._DefaultDate = value ? (CFDateRef)CFRetain(value) : NULL;
	}
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterGregorianStartDateKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _GregorianStartDate;
            formatter->_property. _GregorianStartDate = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFDateGetTypeID());
        if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _GregorianStartDate = value ? (CFDateRef)CFRetain(value) : NULL;
            __ResetUDateFormat(formatter, false);
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterEraSymbolsKey == key) {
       SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_ERAS, 0, _EraSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterLongEraSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_ERA_NAMES, 0, _LongEraSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_MONTHS, 0, _MonthSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_SHORT_MONTHS, 0, _ShortMonthSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_NARROW_MONTHS, 0, _VeryShortMonthSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterStandaloneMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTHS, 0, _StandaloneMonthSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortStandaloneMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_MONTHS, 0, _ShortStandaloneMonthSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_MONTHS, 0, _VeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_WEEKDAYS, 1, _WeekdaySymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_SHORT_WEEKDAYS, 1, _ShortWeekdaySymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_NARROW_WEEKDAYS, 1, _VeryShortWeekdaySymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterStandaloneWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_WEEKDAYS, 1, _StandaloneWeekdaySymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_WEEKDAYS, 1, _ShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_WEEKDAYS, 1, _VeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_QUARTERS, 0, _QuarterSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_SHORT_QUARTERS, 0, _ShortQuarterSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterStandaloneQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTERS, 0, _StandaloneQuarterSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortStandaloneQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
        SET_SYMBOLS_ARRAY(UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_QUARTERS, 0, _ShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols)
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterAMSymbolKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _AMSymbol;
            formatter->_property. _AMSymbol = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFStringGetTypeID());
        CFIndex item_cnt = CFStringGetLength((CFStringRef)value);
        STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, item_buffer, __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt));
        UChar *item_ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr((CFStringRef)value);
        if (NULL == item_ustr) {
            item_cnt = __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt);
            CFStringGetCharacters((CFStringRef)value, CFRangeMake(0, item_cnt), (UniChar *)item_buffer);
            item_ustr = item_buffer;
        }
        __cficu_udat_setSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS, 0, item_ustr, item_cnt, &status);
	if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _AMSymbol = value ? (CFStringRef)CFStringCreateCopy(NULL, value) : NULL;
	}
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterPMSymbolKey == key) {
	if (!directToICU) {
	    oldProperty = formatter->_property. _PMSymbol;
            formatter->_property. _PMSymbol = NULL;
	}
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFStringGetTypeID());
        CFIndex item_cnt = CFStringGetLength((CFStringRef)value);
        STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, item_buffer, __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt));
        UChar *item_ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr((CFStringRef)value);
        if (NULL == item_ustr) {
            item_cnt = __CFMin(BUFFER_SIZE, item_cnt);
            CFStringGetCharacters((CFStringRef)value, CFRangeMake(0, item_cnt), (UniChar *)item_buffer);
            item_ustr = item_buffer;
        }
        __cficu_udat_setSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS, 1, item_ustr, item_cnt, &status);
	if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property. _PMSymbol = value ? (CFStringRef)CFStringCreateCopy(NULL, value) : NULL;
	}
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearStrategyKey == key) {
        oldProperty = formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy;
        formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy = NULL;
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFNumberGetTypeID());
        formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy = (CFNumberRef)CFRetain(value);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterUsesCharacterDirectionKey == key) {
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFBooleanGetTypeID());
        oldProperty = formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection;
        formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection = (CFBooleanRef)CFRetain(value);
    } else if (CFEqual(key, kCFDateFormatterFormattingContextKey)) {
        if (!directToICU) {
            oldProperty = formatter->_property. _FormattingContext;
            formatter->_property._FormattingContext = NULL;
        }
        __CFGenericValidateType(value, CFNumberGetTypeID());
        int context = 0;
        CFNumberGetValue(value, kCFNumberIntType, &context);
        __cficu_udat_setContext(formatter->_df, context, &status);
        if (!directToICU) {
            formatter->_property._FormattingContext = (CFNumberRef)CFRetain(value);
        }
    } else {
        CFAssert3(0, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): unknown key %p (%@)", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, key, key);
    }
    if (oldProperty) CFRelease(oldProperty);
}

void CFDateFormatterSetProperty(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef key, CFTypeRef value) {
    __CFDateFormatterSetProperty(formatter, key, value, false);
}

CFTypeRef CFDateFormatterCopyProperty(CFDateFormatterRef formatter, CFStringRef key) {
    __CFGenericValidateType(formatter, CFDateFormatterGetTypeID());
    __CFGenericValidateType(key, CFStringGetTypeID());
    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
    UChar ubuffer[BUFFER_SIZE];

    if (kCFDateFormatterIsLenientKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._IsLenient) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._IsLenient);
        return CFRetain(__cficu_udat_isLenient(formatter->_df) ? kCFBooleanTrue : kCFBooleanFalse);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterDoesRelativeDateFormattingKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._DoesRelativeDateFormatting) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._DoesRelativeDateFormatting);
        return CFRetain(kCFBooleanFalse);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterCalendarKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._Calendar) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._Calendar);
        CFCalendarRef calendar = (CFCalendarRef)CFLocaleGetValue(formatter->_locale, kCFLocaleCalendarKey);
        return calendar ? CFRetain(calendar) : NULL;
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterCalendarIdentifierKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._CalendarName) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._CalendarName);
        CFStringRef ident = (CFStringRef)CFLocaleGetValue(formatter->_locale, kCFLocaleCalendarIdentifierKey);
        return ident ? CFRetain(ident) : NULL;
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterTimeZoneKey == key) {
        return formatter->_property._TimeZone ? CFRetain(formatter->_property._TimeZone) : NULL;
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterDefaultFormatKey == key) {
        return formatter->_defformat ? CFRetain(formatter->_defformat) : NULL;
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterTwoDigitStartDateKey == key) {
        return formatter->_property._TwoDigitStartDate ? CFRetain(formatter->_property._TwoDigitStartDate) : NULL;
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterDefaultDateKey == key) {
        return formatter->_property._DefaultDate ? CFRetain(formatter->_property._DefaultDate) : NULL;
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterGregorianStartDateKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._GregorianStartDate) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._GregorianStartDate);
        const UCalendar *cal = __cficu_udat_getCalendar(formatter->_df);
        UDate udate = __cficu_ucal_getGregorianChange(cal, &status);
        if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
            CFAbsoluteTime at = (double)udate / 1000.0 - kCFAbsoluteTimeIntervalSince1970;
            return CFDateCreate(CFGetAllocator(formatter), at);
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterEraSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._EraSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._EraSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_ERAS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterLongEraSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._LongEraSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._LongEraSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_ERA_NAMES, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._MonthSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._MonthSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_MONTHS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._ShortMonthSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._ShortMonthSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_SHORT_MONTHS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._VeryShortMonthSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._VeryShortMonthSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_NARROW_MONTHS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterStandaloneMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._StandaloneMonthSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._StandaloneMonthSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_MONTHS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortStandaloneMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneMonthSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneMonthSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_MONTHS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneMonthSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_MONTHS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._WeekdaySymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._WeekdaySymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_WEEKDAYS, 1);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._ShortWeekdaySymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._ShortWeekdaySymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_SHORT_WEEKDAYS, 1);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._VeryShortWeekdaySymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._VeryShortWeekdaySymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_NARROW_WEEKDAYS, 1);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterStandaloneWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._StandaloneWeekdaySymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._StandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_WEEKDAYS, 1);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_WEEKDAYS, 1);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterVeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._VeryShortStandaloneWeekdaySymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_NARROW_WEEKDAYS, 1);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._QuarterSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._QuarterSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_QUARTERS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._ShortQuarterSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._ShortQuarterSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_SHORT_QUARTERS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterStandaloneQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._StandaloneQuarterSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._StandaloneQuarterSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_QUARTERS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterShortStandaloneQuarterSymbolsKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._ShortStandaloneQuarterSymbols);
        return __CFDateFormatterCopySymbolsArray(formatter->_df, UDAT_STANDALONE_SHORT_QUARTERS, 0);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterAMSymbolKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._AMSymbol) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._AMSymbol);
        CFIndex cnt = __cficu_udat_countSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS);
        if (2 <= cnt) {
            CFIndex ucnt = __cficu_udat_getSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS, 0, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
            if (U_SUCCESS(status) && cnt <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
                return CFStringCreateWithCharacters(CFGetAllocator(formatter), (UniChar *)ubuffer, ucnt);
            }
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterPMSymbolKey == key) {
	if (formatter->_property._PMSymbol) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._PMSymbol);
        CFIndex cnt = __cficu_udat_countSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS);
        if (2 <= cnt) {
            CFIndex ucnt = __cficu_udat_getSymbols(formatter->_df, UDAT_AM_PMS, 1, ubuffer, BUFFER_SIZE, &status);
            if (U_SUCCESS(status) && cnt <= BUFFER_SIZE) {
                return CFStringCreateWithCharacters(CFGetAllocator(formatter), (UniChar *)ubuffer, ucnt);
            }
        }
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterAmbiguousYearStrategyKey == key) {
        if (formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._AmbiguousYearStrategy);
    } else if (kCFDateFormatterUsesCharacterDirectionKey == key) {
        return formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection ? CFRetain(formatter->_property._UsesCharacterDirection) : CFRetain(kCFBooleanFalse);
    } else if (CFEqual(key, kCFDateFormatterFormattingContextKey)) {
        if (formatter->_property._FormattingContext) return CFRetain(formatter->_property._FormattingContext);
        int value = __cficu_udat_getContext(formatter->_df, UDISPCTX_TYPE_CAPITALIZATION, &status);
        return CFNumberCreate(CFGetAllocator(formatter), kCFNumberIntType, (const void *)&value);
    } else {
        CFAssert3(0, __kCFLogAssertion, "%s(): unknown key %p (%@)", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, key, key);
    }
    return NULL;
}

CFStringRef _CFDateFormatterCreateSkeletonFromTemplate(CFStringRef tmplateString, CFLocaleRef locale, UErrorCode *outErrorCode) {
    CFIndex const tmpltLen = CFStringGetLength(tmplateString);
    if (tmpltLen == 0) {
        if (outErrorCode) {
            *outErrorCode = U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR;
        }
        return NULL;
    }

    __block CFStringRef result = NULL;
    Boolean success = useTemplatePatternGenerator(locale, ^(UDateTimePatternGenerator *ptg) {
#define BUFFER_SIZE 768

        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_DECL(UChar, ubuffer, tmpltLen, BUFFER_SIZE);
        UChar const *ustr = (UChar *)CFStringGetCharactersPtr(tmplateString);
        if (ustr == NULL) {
            CFStringGetCharacters(tmplateString, CFRangeMake(0, tmpltLen), (UniChar *)ubuffer);
            ustr = ubuffer;
        }

        UChar skel[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
        int32_t patlen = tmpltLen;
        UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
        int32_t skelLen = __cficu_udatpg_getSkeleton(ptg, ustr, patlen, skel, sizeof(skel) / sizeof(skel[0]), &status);
        if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
            result = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, skel, skelLen);
        } else if (status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) {
            UChar *largerBuffer = calloc(skelLen + 1, sizeof(UChar));
            skelLen = __cficu_udatpg_getSkeleton(ptg, ustr, patlen, skel, sizeof(skel) / sizeof(skel[0]), &status);
            if (U_SUCCESS(status)) {
                result = CFStringCreateWithCharacters(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, largerBuffer, skelLen);
            } else {
                if (outErrorCode) {
                    *outErrorCode = status;
                }
            }
            free(largerBuffer);
        } else {
            *outErrorCode = status;
        }

        SAFE_STACK_BUFFER_CLEANUP(ubuffer);
    });

    if (!success && result != NULL) {
        CFRelease(result);
        result = NULL;
    }

    return result;
}